2026年高考考前预测卷-英语（浙江专用03）（解析版）

年高考考前预测卷（浙江专用）03高三英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．HowdoesJacksoundwhenspeakingoftheteam’saction?A．Critical. B．Neutral. C．Approving.【答案】C【原文】W:Theteamignoredallwarnings,Jack.M:True,buttheirfinalsuccessprovedtheriskworthwhile.2．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’ssuggestion?A．Timely. B．Unnecessary. C．Practical.【答案】B【原文】M:You’dbettertakeapencilandpapertoclass.Youneedtotakenotes.W:Why?Everythingtheteacherwilltalkaboutisinthebook.3．Whowillcleanthemanager’sroom?A．Thewoman. B．Theman. C．Susan.【答案】C【原文】M:Comeon,Ann.We’veonlygotfiveminutestogo.W:ButI’vegottocleanthemanager’sroom.M:WhynotaskSusantodoit?W:Yes,she’stherightperson.4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Fixingthedrawer.B．Preparingthedinner.C．Organizingthekitchen.【答案】C【原文】W:Thisdrawerisoverflowingagain!Ican’tevencloseit.M:Wereallyshouldputthingswheretheybelongaftercooking.W:Maybewecansortoutthebottlesandplates.M:Sure.5．Whydoesthemanpreferthecitylibrary?A．It’sfullofnewbooks. B．It’slesscrowded. C．It’smuchcloser.【答案】B【原文】W:Doyouprefergoingtotheschoollibraryorthecitylibrary?M:Ipreferthelatter.W:Why?Theschoollibraryiscloseandhasgotalotofnewbookslately.M:Yes,butit’stoocrowded.Thecitylibraryhasmoreseats.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第7小题。6．WhendidSallygetthepainting?A．Onherbirthday. B．OnChristmasDay. C．OnMother’sDay.7．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandassistant. B．Fatheranddaughter. C．Co-workers.【答案】6．C7．C【原文】M:Sally,you’vegotagreatpaintinginyouroffice.Isitagiftforthisyear’sbirthday?W:I’mgladyoulikeit.Actually,it’saMother’sDaygiftfrommydaughter.M:Wow,Karendoeshaveaneyeforart.Doessheworkintheartfield?W:Sheusedtoworkasanassistanttoapainter,butrecentlyshehasjustjoinedanadvertisingcompanyandworksasacreativedirector.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.Herbossmustthinkveryhighlyofher.W:Yes,andherbossisjustlikeours,whoisfriendlyandtreatsthestaffwell.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10小题。8．Whatdidthewomando?A．Sheattendedalecture. B．Shesignedupforacourse. C．Sheboughtapieceofjewelry.9．Whatdoweknowaboutthecourse?A．Itallowsflexiblestudytime.B．Itofferson-campusclasses. C．Itprovidesallmaterialsneeded.10．Whatlevelisthecourse?A．Advanced. B．Middle. C．Introductory.【答案】8．A9．A10．C【原文】W:Ithinkjewelry’sfascinating,don’tyou?Ilovedthattalkonidentifyingpreciousstones.M:Iknow.I’mgoingtosignupforthatjewelry-makingcourse.W:Yeah,soamI.Iwasfindingoutmoreaboutittheotherday.Youdoitallonline,whichmeansgoingatyourownpaceandstudyinginyourfreetime.M:Thatsoundsgood—wecanfititaroundotherstuffwe’redoing.W:Exactly.Thesitesayswehavetoprovidethecoursebooksourselves.Wewillreceivethetoolsbecausethey’reincludedinthefee.M:Great!We’llfeellikerealjewelersbytheendofthecourse!Don’tyouneedsomepreviousexperiencetojoin,though?W:Well,it’sforbeginnerslikeyouandme,soqualificationsorknowledgearen’tnecessary—justpassion.M:Well,we’vecertainlygotthat.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13小题。11．WhatisMike’smainproblem?A．Feelingtired. B．Havingaheadache. C．Havingastomachache.12．WhydoesMikeeatfastfood?A．It’shealthy. B．It’squick. C．It’sdelicious.13．WhatdoesMs.BrownsuggestMikedobeforegoingtobed?A．Readabook. B．Eatmorefruits. C．Drinksomewater.【答案】11．A12．B13．A【原文】W:Mike,youlookpale.Areyouallright?M:Notreally,Ms.Brown.I’vehadtroublesleepinglatelyandoftenfeeltiredduringtheday.W:Toobad.Howmanyhoursdoyousleep?M:Aboutfiveorsix.Ioftenstayuplateplayingphonegamesorwatchingvideos.W:That’snotenough.Whataboutyourdiet?M:Iusuallyeatfastfood—it’squick.AndIdrinklotsofsoda.Iknowit’sunhealthy.W:Youneedtochangesomehabits.Tryreadingabookbeforebedinsteadofusingyourphone—screenlightaffectssleep.M:Goodidea.Anyothersuggestions?W:Eatmorefruitsandvegetables,drinkwaterinsteadofsoda.Joiningasportsteammayalsohelpyousleepbetter.M:I’lltry.Thanksforyouradvice.听第9段材料，回答第14至第17小题。14．Whatisthewoman?A．Aprogramadvisor.B．Acommunityvolunteer.C．Acollegeapplicant.15．Whydoesthemandropthelibraryprogram?A．Hehatesreadingevents.B．Hedoubtshiscompetence.C．Hehasexperienceditbefore.16．Whatcanweknowabouttheenvironmentalproject?A．Itinvolveshands-onwork.B．Ithaslowentryrequirements.C．Ithighlightsleadershiptraining.17．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodointheend?A．Perfecthispaper.B．Considerhisschoolwork.C．Clarifyhispriorities.【答案】14．C15．C16．A17．C【原文】W:Mike,didyoufinalizeyoursummerplans?Iheardthecitylibraryislookingforvolunteersagain.I’mconsideringapplyingforit.M:I’vethoughtaboutit,butI’mstillweighingmyoptions.Doyourememberouradvisorsuggestedweparticipateinsomethingimpact-driven,ifwewantourcollegeapplicationstostandout?W:Shedidsaythat,butyouknow,thelibraryprogramisinlowimpact.Volunteershelporganizecommunityreadingevents,andtheygettoworkwithyoungerstudents.M:True.Butitwillbemythirdyeardoingit.I’mworrieditwon’tshowmuchgrowth.W:Thenwhynottrytheenvironmentalprojecttheschoolannounced.It’smoredemanding,butitmightdemonstrateleadershipandinitiative.M:That’sthething.I’mnotsureIcancommit.Theprojectrequiresweekendfieldworkoutsidethecity.W:Well,ifyouspreadyourselftoothin,youwillendupburningout.Maybeconsiderwhatyouactuallycareaboutinsteadofwhatlooksimpressiveonpaper.M:Youareright.Ineedtorethinkwhatmatterstome.听第10段材料，回答第18至第20小题。18．Whenwillthenewlibraryopen?A．ThisSaturday. B．ThisSunday. C．NextSunday.19．Whatarethelibrarywallsmadeof?A．Newwood. B．Specialglass. C．Recycledmaterials.20．Whatmakesthelibraryspecial?A．Largesize. B．Greenfeatures. C．Traditionaldesign.【答案】18．B19．C20．B【原文】Goodmorning,students.I’mexcitedtoannouncethatournewenvironmentallyfriendlylibrarywillofficiallyopenthisSunday.Thisspecialbuildingusessolarpanelstoprovideelectricityandhasasystemtocollectrainwaterfordailyuse.Thewallsaremadeofrecycledmaterials,andallthelightsareenergy-saving.Besides,specialglassisusedtomakethewindows.Inside,you’llfind50computers,25,000books,andcomfortablereadingareas.What’smore,thereisanenvironmentalprotectioncornerwherestudentscanlearnaboutrecyclingandsustainableliving.Thelibrarywillalsoholdmonthlyenvironmentalworkshopstoteachstudentshowtoprotectourplanet.Webelievethisgreenlibrarywillnotonlyprovideexcellentlearningresourcesbutalsohelpdevelopstudents’awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.Let’sworktogethertomakeourschoolmoreeco-friendlywhileenjoyingthewonderfulworldofbooks.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATobetterunderstandhowtosupportchildrenandyoungpeople’smotivationtowriteinschool,weaskedthemwhatwouldmakethemwanttowrite.Theirresponsesoffervaluableinsightintotheconditionsandexperiencesthatdevelopgenuineengagementwithwriting(seeFigure1).Thefindingsindicatethatcultivating(培养)environmentsthatprioritisefreedomofchoice,personalandsocialrelevance,andmeaningfulengagementmaybeinstrumentalinenhancingyoungpeople’smotivationtowriteinschool.Figure1:Keyfactorsthatwouldstimulateadesiretowriteinschool.Figure2:Awordcloudofstudentstopicpreferencesforwriting.Whenaskedwhattheywouldmostliketowriteaboutinschooliftheycouldchoose,youngwriterssuggestedawiderangeoftopics.Awordcloudvisualizestheirpreferences,wherethesizeofeachwordcorrespondstoitsfrequencyintheresponses(seeFigure2).Ourinterviewswithstudentsalsorevealthattheyaremostmotivatedwhenwritingallowsthemtoexploreboththeworldaroundthemandtheworldstheyimagine.Overall,ourresearchhighlightsthatwritinginschoolismostmeaningfulwhenitisrootedinconnectiontoself,toothersandtotheworld,andexperiencedinitspowertoengage,bringpower,inspirethoughtandshapeidentity.Asaresult,itissuggestedthatschool-basedwritingshouldnotbeonlyaboutproducingperfecttextsbutaboutcultivatingyoungwriterswhoareinvested,confident,curiousandsociallyconnected.21．Whatismostlikelytomotivatestudentstowrite?A．Rewards. B．Autonomy. C．Interest. D．Experiences.22．Whichofthefollowingwouldstudentsprobablyprefertowriteabout?A．Afamoussong. B．Afashiontrend. C．Apastcivilization. D．Apersonalinterview.23．Whoisthepassagemostprobablyintendedfor?A．Policymakers. B．Youngwriters. C．Labresearchers. D．Schooleducators.【答案】21．B22．C23．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何提升学生在学校写作的动机展开，通过调查学生的想法、写作话题偏好等，强调学校写作应注重培养学生成为有投入感、自信、好奇且善于社交的写作者。21．细节理解题。根据图一中的“BeingfreetochoosewhatIwanttowriteabout35.7%(能够自由选择自己想写的内容35.7%)”可知，激发学生在学校写作欲望的关键因素中选择自由占比最大，所以重视选择自由即自主性（Autonomy）最有可能激发学生的写作动机。故选B项。22．推理判断题。根据第三段“Whenaskedwhattheywouldmostliketowriteaboutinschooliftheycouldchoose,youngwriterssuggestedawiderangeoftopics.Awordcloudvisualizestheirpreferences,wherethesizeofeachwordcorrespondstoitsfrequencyintheresponses(seeFigure2).(当被问及如果可以选择的话，他们最想在学校里写些什么时，年轻的学生们提出了众多不同的主题。一个词云图能够直观地展示他们的偏好，其中每个单词的大小与其在回复中的出现频率成正比（见图2）)”可知，图中的history单词最大，所以学生可能更喜欢写历史这个话题，也就是“一个过去的文明”。故选C项。23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asaresult,itissuggestedthatschool-basedwritingshouldnotbeonlyaboutproducingperfecttextsbutaboutcultivatingyoungwriterswhoareinvested,confident,curiousandsociallyconnected.(因此，建议学校写作不应仅仅关注产出完美的文本，而应注重培养有投入感、自信、好奇且善于社交的年轻写作者)”可推知，文章是针对学校写作给出建议，其目标受众应该是学校教育工作者。故选D项。BMarianneNorthwasanearlyfemaleexplorer,naturalistandpainter.Shetraveledaroundtheworld,paintingplants,peopleandplaces.Sheleftanextraordinarylegacybehind.Mariannelookedafterandtraveledwithherfatherformuchofherlife.Afterhisdeathin1869,Marianne,financiallyindependentattheageofforty,setoffalonetoexploreandpainttheworld.Duringherlongartisticjourneyaroundtheworld,Mariannedisplayedimpressivecourageanddetermination.Facedwithnumerouschallengesinherpursuits,Marianneprovedunaffectedandwouldlaughitoff.InItaly,whenherlandlordpretendedhehadnoroomsforthemexceptthoseonthefifthfloor,Mariannefearlesslyrespondedwith“sotothefifthwewent,andgainedallthebetterview”.Marianne’smostfamoussupporterwasCharlesDarwin.Darwin’spowerofbringingoutotherpeople’sbestpointsextendedtoMariannewhomheadvisedtoseeandpainttheAustralianvegetation(植被)whichwasunlikethatofanyothercountry.TakingDarwin’sadviceasaroyalcommand,shewentatonceandeagerlyreturnedin1881tositwithDarwinandhischildrenunderashadytreetolookcloselyatherpaintingstogether.Marianne’spaintingsandwritinggivedetailedinformationonthelocation,habitatandusesofmanyoftheplantsshepainted.Onhertravels,shecollectedanddiscoveredplantsthatwerenewtobotanicalscienceatthetime.ApitcherplantshepaintedinBorneo,forexample,wasunknowntoscienceatthetimeshepaintedit.Whenbotanistssawit,thepaintingcausedgreatexcitement.Throughherart,shesoughttoinspireandeducatepeopleaboutthenaturalworld.24．WhatmadeMarianne’stravelingaroundtheworldatfortypossible?A．Personalfame. B．Familysupport.C．Financialfreedom. D．Darwin’sadvice.25．WhatdoestheauthorshowbymentioningtheeventinItaly?A．Marianne’spaintingskills. B．Marianne’ssenseofhumor.C．Marianne’sphysicalstrength. D．Marianne’spositiveattitude.26．HowdidMariannereacttoDarwin’ssuggestion?A．Shefolloweditimmediately. B．Sheconsidereditagreathonor.C．Shediscusseditwithhischildren. D．Sheimprovedhertechniquesfirst.27．WhatcanweinferaboutMarianne’spaintingofthepitcherplant?A．Itwashermostfamouswork. B．Ithelpedidentifyanewspecies.C．Itwaspaintedtoattractbotanists. D．Itprovedherexceptionalpaintingskills.【答案】24．C25．D26．A27．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍早期女性探险家、博物学家玛丽安·诺斯的旅行经历、勇气品质及她的艺术和科学贡献。24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Afterhisdeathin1869,Marianne,financiallyindependentattheageofforty,setoffalonetoexploreandpainttheworld.(1869年父亲去世后，40岁的玛丽安经济独立，独自出发去探索和描绘世界)”可知，玛丽安40岁能环游世界的原因是她拥有经济自由。故选C项。25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Facedwithnumerouschallengesinherpursuits,Marianneprovedunaffectedandwouldlaughitoff.InItaly,whenherlandlordpretendedhehadnoroomsforthemexceptthoseonthefifthfloor,Mariannefearlesslyrespondedwith“sotothefifthwewent,andgainedallthebetterview”.(在追求目标的过程中面临诸多挑战时，玛丽安表现得泰然自若，并一笑置之。在意大利，当房东假装除了五楼的房间外没有其他房间给他们时，玛丽安勇敢地回应道：“那我们就去五楼，还能欣赏到更好的风景。”)”可知，作者提及意大利的这件事，是为了体现玛丽安面对困难时的乐观从容，即积极的态度。故选D项。26．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TakingDarwin’sadviceasaroyalcommand,shewentatonceandeagerlyreturnedin1881tositwithDarwinandhischildrenunderashadytreetolookcloselyatherpaintingstogether.(玛丽安将达尔文的建议视为圣旨，立即动身，并于1881年急切地返回，与达尔文和他的孩子们坐在一棵阴凉的树下，一起仔细欣赏她的画作)”可知，玛丽安对达尔文的建议立刻遵从。故选A项。27．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“ApitcherplantshepaintedinBorneo,forexample,wasunknowntoscienceatthetimeshepaintedit.Whenbotanistssawit,thepaintingcausedgreatexcitement.(例如，她在婆罗洲绘制的猪笼草，在她绘制时还不为科学界所知。当植物学家看到这幅画时，引起了极大的轰动)”可知，玛丽安绘制的猪笼草在当时是科学界未知的物种，这幅画帮助植物学家发现了这一新物种。故选B项。C（原创题）Manypeoplefeelfearordisgustwhenseeingspiders,scorpions,andsimilarcreatures.However,theseanimalsarevitalforhealthyecosystems.Asglobalbiodiversitydeclines,twoscientistsfromtheUniversityofMassachusettsstudiedhowinsectsandarachnidsarefaringintheUnitedStates.Theirresearchrevealedashockinglackofdata,highlightinganurgentneedtoprotectthesecreatures,whichareessentialforourplanet’shealth.LauraFigueroa,thestudy’sseniorauthor,explainsthatinsectsandarachnidsarefundamentaltohumansociety.Theyassistinpollination,controlpestsnaturally,andevenindicateairandwaterquality.Whilepopularanimalslikelionsandpandasreceivesignificantconservationattention,thesesmallercreaturesoftendonot.Theresearchersaimedtounderstandtheircurrentstatussincetheyrarelygetthesameprotection.Thestudyexamined99,312knowninsectandarachnidspeciesinNorthAmerica.Theresultswerestartling:nearly90%ofthesespecieshavenoofficialconservationstatus.Thismeanswesimplydonotknowhowmostofthemaredoing.Existinginformationisuneven,focusingmostlyonaquaticinsectsusedformonitoringwaterqualityorvisuallyappealinggroupslikebutterflies.Arachnids,inparticular,arelargelyignored,withmoststatesprotectingnotasinglespecies.Theresearchalsofoundthatconservationeffortsvarybystate.Statesrelyingheavilyonindustrieslikeminingandoilextractiontendtoofferfewerprotections.Incontrast,stateswithmoreenvironmentallyconsciouspublicattitudesaremorelikelytosafeguardthesespecies.Figueroasuggestslookingatbirdconservationasasuccessfulmodel,wherediversegroupslikehuntersandbirdwatchersunitedforacommongoal.Ultimately,insectsandarachnidsaremorethanobjectsoffear.Theydeserveappreciationfortheirecologicalimportance.Protectingthembeginswithcollectingmoredataandrecognizingtheirvalue.Asoneresearchernoted,changingourperspectiveisthefirststeptowardensuringthesecriticalspeciessurviveforfuturegenerations.28.WhatdidthestudybyFigueroaandWalshmainlyrevealaboutinsectsandarachnids?A.Theyaredisappearingfasterthanlargeanimals.B.Mostspecieslackofficialprotectionanddata.C.Theyareonlyimportantforwaterqualitymonitoring.D.Peoplegenerallylovethemmorethanbirdsandlions.29.Whydosomestatesofferfewerprotectionsforthesecreaturesaccordingtothetext?A.Theyhavetoomanydangerousspecieslivingthere.B.Theireconomiesdependonresource-extractingindustries.C.Thepublicinthosestatesdislikesallkindsofinsects.D.Therearenoscientistsworkinginthosespecificareas.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofinsectconservationfromthebirdexample?A.Onlyprofessionalbiologistscansaveendangeredspecies.B.Successrequirescooperationamongdifferentgroupsofpeople.C.Birdsandinsectscompeteforthesamelimitedresources.D.Huntingshouldbecompletelybannedtoprotectallwildlife.31.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthistext?A.Towarnpeopleaboutthedangersofspiderbites.B.Tocomparethepopulationsofspidersandbutterflies.C.Tocallforgreaterattentiontoprotectingsmallcreatures.D.Toexplainwhyminingindustriesharmtheenvironment.【答案】28.B29.B30.B31.C【解析】本文主要讲述了尽管许多人害怕蜘蛛等节肢动物，但它们对生态系统至关重要。科学家Figueroa和Walsh的研究发现，北美近90%的昆虫和蛛形纲物种缺乏保护status和数据支持。文章分析了各州保护力度的差异及其原因，并借鉴鸟类保护的成功经验，呼吁人们改变观念，收集更多数据，共同保护这些对地球健康至关重要的生物。28.细节理解题。根据文章第三段提到的"Almost90%...ofinsectandarachnidspecieshavenoconservationstatus"以及"Wesimplyhavenoideahowtheyaredoing"可知，研究主要揭示了大多数物种缺乏官方保护状态和相关数据。A项“消失得比大型动物快”文中未直接比较速度；C项“仅对水质监测重要”与第二段提到的授粉、害虫控制等功能矛盾；D项与文中提到人们更关注狮子熊猫的事实相反。故选B。29.细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句"Statesthatdependheavilyonextractiveindustriessuchasmining,quarryingandoilandgasextractiontendedtoofferfewerprotections..."可知，那些依赖采矿业等资源开采行业的州往往提供的保护较少。A、C、D项在文中均未提及作为主要原因。故选B。30.推理判断题。根据文章第四段引用Figueroa的话"Theresearchshowsthatyougetthebestconservationeffortswhenbroad,diversecoalitionscometogether"以及随后提到的猎人、观鸟者等联合起来的例子，可以推断出昆虫保护的成功也需要不同群体的合作。A项“只有专业生物学家”与文意相悖；C项“竞争资源”和D项“完全禁止狩猎”均属于过度推断或无中生有。故选B。31.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从人们对蜘蛛的恐惧引入，通过科学研究数据指出它们面临的被忽视的现状，分析原因并提出建议，最终目的是呼吁人们重视并保护这些对生态重要的小生物。A项“警告蜘蛛咬伤的危险”与文章主旨相反；B项“比较数量”只是细节；D项“解释采矿业危害”只是论证过程中的一个点，不是全文目的。故选C。D（原创题）AsmorepeopleturntoChatGPTformentalhealthadvice,newresearchwarnsthatAIchatbotsarenotyetreadytoactastherapists.AstudybyBrownUniversityfoundthatevenwheninstructedtofollowprofessionalmethods,thesesystemsoftenfailtomeetethicalstandardssetbypsychologicalassociations.Researchersidentifiedseriousissues,suchasmishandlingcrisissituations,reinforcingharmfulbeliefs,andusinglanguagethatfakesempathywithouttrueunderstanding.Thestudyleader,ZainabIftikhar,examinedwhetherspecificwritteninstructions,knownasprompts,couldmakeAIbehavemoreethically.Manyuserssharepromptstrategiesonsocialmedia,hopingtoguideAItoactlikecognitivebehavioraltherapists.However,theresearchshowedthatpromptsalonecannotensuresafety.WhileAIcangenerateresponsesthatlookliketherapy,itlacksthegenuinecomprehensionandadaptabilityofahumanprofessional.Totestthesystems,researchersobservedsimulatedcounselingsessionsinvolvingAImodelspromptedtoactastherapists.Licensedpsychologiststhenreviewedtheconversationsanduncovered15distinctethicalrisks.Theseincludedofferinggenericadviceinsteadofpersonalizedhelp,steeringconversationstooforcefully,anddisplayingbiasrelatedtogenderorculture.Mostcritically,theAIoftenfailedtomanagesafetycrises,suchasrefusingtoaddresssuicidalthoughtsorfailingtodirectuserstorealhelp.Amajorconcernhighlightedisthelackofaccountability.Humantherapistsfacestrictrulesandcanbeheldresponsibleformistakes,butnosuchregulatoryframeworksexistforAIcounselors.TheresearchersemphasizethatwhileAItoolscouldhelpexpandaccesstocareforthosefacinghighcosts,strongsafeguardsareneededbeforerelyingontheminserioussituations.Withoutproperoversight,thereisariskofcausingmoreharmthangood.ExpertsarguethatevaluatingAIinsensitiveareaslikementalhealthrequiresrigoroushumaninvolvement,notjustautomatictests.AlthoughAIholdspromiseforaddressingthementalhealthcrisis,itisvitaltocritiquethesesystemscarefully.Fornow,usersareadvisedtoremaincautiouswhendiscussingpersonalmentalhealthwithchatbots,recognizingtheirlimitationsandpotentialdangers.32.WhatisakeylimitationofAIchatbotswhenactingastherapists?A.Theyaretooexpensiveformostusers.B.Theylackgenuineemotionalcomprehension.C.Theyrefusetoansweranypersonalquestions.D.Theycannotunderstanduserinstructionsclearly.33.Whydidtheresearcherstestspecific"prompts"ontheAImodels?A.ToretraintheAIwithnewmedicaldata.B.Toprovethatsocialmediaadviceisalwayswrong.C.TomaketheAIspeakfasterduringconversations.D.Toseeifinstructionscouldimproveethicalbehavior.34.Whatseriousfailurewasnotedregardingcrisismanagement?A.TheAIofferedtoomanyphonenumbersforhelp.B.TheAIignoredsignsofimmediatedangertousers.C.TheAIforceduserstostoptalkingaboutfeelings.D.TheAIchargedmoneyforemergencyassistance.35.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureuseofAIinmentalhealth?A.Itshouldreplaceallhumantherapistsimmediately.B.Itrequiresstrictrulesbeforebeingwidelytrusted.C.Itisalreadyperfectfortreatingseveredepression.D.Itwillsoonbebannedbyallpsychologicalgroups.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.B【解析】本文主要介绍了一项关于将ChatGPT等人工智能用作心理治疗师的新研究。研究发现，即使用户通过特定的指令（prompts）引导AI模仿专业治疗师，AI仍然无法达到伦理标准。主要问题包括缺乏真正的同理心、无法正确处理危机情况（如自杀倾向）、提供通用而非个性化的建议以及存在偏见。文章强调，目前缺乏对AI治疗师的监管和责任机制，虽然AI有潜力扩大医疗服务的覆盖面，但在建立严格的安全保障措施和评估体系之前，不应过度依赖它们处理高风险的心理健康问题。32.细节理解题。根据第二段末尾"...itlacksthegenuinecomprehensionandadaptabilityofahumanprofessional"以及第一段提到的"...usedlanguagethatfakesempathywithouttrueunderstanding"可知，AI的主要局限在于它只是模拟同理心，缺乏真正的情感理解。选项B、C、D在文中未提及或与文意不符（文中提到AI能理解指令但执行不好，没说不回答个人问题，也没说太贵）。故选A。33.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"ZainabIftikhar...setouttoexaminewhethercarefullywordedpromptscouldguideAIsystemstobehavemoreethically..."可知，研究者测试特定“提示语”的目的是为了考察这些指令是否能引导AI表现出更符合伦理的行为。故选D。34.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一部分"Lackofsafetyandcrisismanagement:...failingtodirectuserstoappropriatehelp,orrespondinginadequatelytocrises,includingsuicidalthoughts."可知，AI在危机管理方面的严重失败表现为未能充分回应危机，包括忽视自杀念头等直接危险。选项A、C、D均与文中描述的“未能提供适当帮助”或“回应不足”不符。故选B。35.推理判断题。根据第四段提到的"nosuchregulatoryframeworksexist"和"strongsafeguardsareneeded"以及最后一段专家观点"takethetimetoreallycritiqueandevaluateoursystems...toavoiddoingmoreharmthangood"可以推断，在AI被广泛信任并用于心理健康领域之前，必须建立严格的规则和评估体系。选项A与文中caution（谨慎）的态度相反；选项C与文中指出的风险矛盾；选项D过于绝对，文中并未说要完全禁止，而是强调需要规范。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。At91,PeteBernardisstillfullofenergy.Hewalkshisdogforlongdistances,cutsthegrassinhisgarden.Remarkably,hehaslivedlongerthantwoofhisownchildren.Hisstorymakesmanypeoplewonder:36Scientistshavelongstudiedthisquestionbyexaminingthelivesofveryoldpeople.Researchersagreedthattwomainfactorsgreatlyinfluencelongevity:geneticsandbasichealthcare.37Thosewithparentsandgrandparentswhoreachedoldageofteninherithelpfulgenesthatprotecttheirhealthandslowtheagingprocess.Basichealthcareisequallyimportant.Goodnutrition,cleandrinkingwater,vaccinations,andregularmedicalcarehelppreventseriousillnessesandallowpeopletostayhealthyformoreyears.38Scientistshaveidentifiedfourkeyqualities.Firstisasenseofpurpose.InSardinia,Italy,aregionknownforitsremarkablenumberofcentenarians,peopleoftenfollowtheideaof“labuonavita”—livingwithjoy,strongcommunityties,andaclearpurpose.Thesecondisstayingactive.Ratherthanextremesports,itissteady,enjoyableactivity—suchasgardening,farming,orhouseholdtasks—thatmattersmost.Third,helpingothers.Whilefeelinglovedimproveshappiness,theactofcaringforandsupportingothersisdirectlylinkedtoincreasedlifespan.Finally,conscientiousness—thehabitofbeingresponsible,organized,anddependable—showsthestrongestconnectiontolonglife.39Thingslikeagoodsenseofhumourorapositiveattitudemakelifemoreenjoyable.40Unlikegeneticsornationalhealthcaresystems,thesepersonalityqualitiesarelargelywithinourcontrol.Bydevelopingpurpose,remainingactive,helpingothers,andactingresponsibly,eachpersonmaytakepracticalstepstowardalonger,healthierlife.A．Theydonotseemtoextendlifespan,though.B．Whydosomeindividualslivetoaveryoldagewhileothersdonot?C．Domanyenvironmentalfactorsalsoacttoreducethatupperagelimit?D．However,recentstudiesshowthatcharactertraitsarealsopowerfulinfluences.E．Regularlyattendingreligiousservicescanaddasmuchastwoyearstoaperson’slife.F．Geneticsplayasignificantrole,explainingwhyaboutone-thirdofsomepeoplelivelonger.G．Conscientiouspersonsavoidunnecessaryrisks,plancarefully,andtendtomakehealthierchoices.【答案】36．B37．F38．D39．G40．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨人类长寿的影响因素，除基因和医疗外，性格特质也至关重要。36．根据上文“Hisstorymakesmanypeoplewonder:(他的故事让很多人好奇：)”以及下文“Scientistshavelongstudiedthisquestionbyexaminingthelivesofveryoldpeople.(科学家们长期以来通过研究长寿老人的生活来研究这个问题)”可知，此处应填一个疑问句，点明人们好奇的核心问题，B选项“Whydosomeindividualslivetoaveryoldagewhileothersdonot?(为什么有些人能活到高龄，而有些人却不能？)”既承接上文的wonder，又对应下文的thisquestion。故选B项。37．根据上文“Researchersagreedthattwomainfactorsgreatlyinfluencelongevity:geneticsandbasichealthcare.(研究人员认为有两个主要因素极大影响寿命：基因和基础医疗保健)”以及下文“Thosewithparentsandgrandparentswhoreachedoldageofteninherithelpfulgenesthatprotecttheirhealthandslowtheagingprocess.(那些父母和祖父母长寿的人，往往会继承有益的基因，这些基因能保护他们的健康并延缓衰老过程)”可知，此处应先具体阐述基因这一因素，F选项“Geneticsplayasignificantrole,explainingwhyaboutone-thirdofsomepeoplelivelonger.(基因起着重要作用，这解释了为什么约三分之一的人更长寿)”承接上文提到的基因因素，开启下文对基因的详细说明。故选F项。38．根据上文介绍影响长寿的基因和基础医疗两大因素，以及下文“Scientistshaveidentifiedfourkeyqualities.(科学家们发现了四种关键特质)”可知，此处应过渡到新的影响因素，D选项“However,recentstudiesshowthatcharactertraitsarealsopowerfulinfluences.(然而，近期研究表明性格特质也是强大