0079年自考专业(英语)综合英语(二)考试真题及答案8

0079年自考专业(英语)综合英语(二)考试练习题及答案8一、词汇与语法（一）词汇1.从下列各句四个选项中选出一个与句中划线部分含义最接近的答案。Theoldmanisveryfeeble.A.strongB.weakC.healthyD.energetic答案：B。“feeble”意为虚弱的，与“weak”意思相近。Shehasavividimagination.A.dullB.livelyC.vagueD.poor答案：B。“vivid”表示生动的、鲜明的，“lively”与之意思相符。Thenewpolicywillbebeneficialtotheeconomy.A.harmfulB.uselessC.helpfulD.indifferent答案：C。“beneficial”意为有益的，“helpful”与之同义。2.根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。He(work)inthisfactoryfortenyearsbeforehemovedtoanothercity.答案：hadworked。“fortenyears”表示一段时间，在他搬到另一个城市之前已经工作了十年，用过去完成时。Thebookisworth(read)again.答案：reading。“beworthdoing”是固定用法，表示值得做某事。Shewasmade(clean)theclassroomafterschool.答案：toclean。“bemadetodosth.”表示被迫做某事。（二）语法1.选择正确的语法结构完成下列句子。Idon'tknowifhetomorrow.Ifhe,Iwilltellyou.A.comes;comesB.willcome;comesC.comes;willcomeD.willcome;willcome答案：B。第一个“if”引导宾语从句，根据tomorrow可知用一般将来时；第二个“if”引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时。Theboybytheteacheryesterdaybecausehemadeamistake.A.waspunishedB.punishedC.hadpunishedD.hasbeenpunished答案：A。根据yesterday可知用一般过去时，且男孩是被惩罚，用被动语态。youyourhomeworkyet?A.Did;doB.Have;doneC.Are;doingD.Do;do答案：B。根据yet可知用现在完成时，结构为Have/Has+过去分词。2.用适当的连接词填空，使句子完整。IlikereadingbooksIcanlearnalotfromthem.答案：because。前后是因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句。Heisverytiredhehasbeenworkingallday.答案：because。解释他累的原因，用because。youdon'thurry,you'llbelateforschool.答案：If。引导条件状语从句，意思是如果你不快点，你上学就会迟到。二、阅读理解（一）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。Passage1IntheUnitedStates,itisnotcustomarytotelephonesomeoneveryearlyinthemorning.Ifyoutelephonehimearlyintheday,whileheisshavingorhavingbreakfast,thetimeofthecallshowsthatthematterisveryimportantandrequiresimmediateattention.Thesamemeaningisattachedtotelephonecallsmadeafter11:00p.m.Ifsomeonereceivesacallduringsleepinghours,heassumesit'samatteroflifeordeath.Thetimechosenforthecallcommunicatesitsimportance.Insociallife,timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.A.,gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregardediftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforethepartydate.Butthisisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasoftheworld,itmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvancebecauseplanswhicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.1.WhatdoesitmeanifyoucallsomeoneearlyinthemorningintheUnitedStates?答案：Thematterisveryimportantandrequiresimmediateattention.2.Whatdopeopleassumeiftheyreceiveacallduringsleepinghours?答案：It'samatteroflifeordeath.3.HowdoguestsintheU.S.A.feeliftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforethepartydate?答案：Theytendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregarded.4.Whymayitbeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvanceinotherareasoftheworld?答案：Planswhicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.Passage2ThefirstEnglishwindowwasjustanarrowopeninginthewall.Itwascutlong,sothatitwouldletinasmuchlightaspossible,andnarrow,tokeepoutthebadweather.However,theopeningwasalwaysveryhighuponthewallandatthattime,peoplewantedmorelightandairintheirhomes.So,theycutthewindowlargerandlower.Sometimes,theyevenmadetwowindowsjoinedtogether,thusmakingakindof“windowwall”.Astimewenton,thewindowwasfurtherimproved.Thewindowwasmadeofsmallpiecesofglassheldtogetherbyleadstrips.Thiswascalledaleadedwindow.Theglasswaspaintedindifferentcolors,usuallyredorblue.Theleadedwindowwasnotonlybeautifulbutalsokeptoutthewindandrainbetter.1.WhatwasthefirstEnglishwindowlike?答案：Itwasanarrowopeninginthewall,cutlongtoletinmuchlightandnarrowtokeepoutbadweather,andveryhighuponthewall.2.Whydidpeoplecutthewindowlargerandlower?答案：Theywantedmorelightandairintheirhomes.3.Whatwasaleadedwindowmadeof?答案：Itwasmadeofsmallpiecesofglassheldtogetherbyleadstrips.4.Whatweretheadvantagesofaleadedwindow?答案：Itwasbeautifulandkeptoutthewindandrainbetter.（二）阅读下列短文，然后选择正确答案。Passage3Themodernageisanageofelectricity.Peoplearesousedtoelectriclights,radio,televisions,andtelephonesthatitishardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutthem.Whenthereisapowerfailure,peoplegropeaboutinflickeringcandlelight,carshesitateinthestreetsbecausetherearenotrafficlightstoguidethem,andfoodspoilsinsilentrefrigerators.Yet,peoplebegantounderstandhowelectricityworksonlyalittlemorethantwocenturiesago.Naturehasapparentlybeenexperimentinginthisfieldformillionsofyears.Scientistsarediscoveringmoreandmorethatthelivingworldmayholdmanyinterestingsecretsofelectricitythatcouldbenefithumanity.Alllivingcellssendouttinypulsesofelectricity.Astheheartbeats,itsendsoutpulsesofelectricitythatcanbemeasuredandrecordedatthesurfaceofthebody.Whenthepulsesarerecorded,theyformanelectrocardiogram,whichadoctorcanstudytodeterminehowwelltheheartisworking.Thebrain,too,sendsoutbrainwavesofelectricity,whichcanberecordedinanelectroencephalogram.Theelectriccurrentsgeneratedbymostlivingcellsareextremelysmalloftensosmallthatsensitiveinstrumentsareneededtorecordthem.Butinsomeanimals,certainmusclecellshavebecomesospecializedaselectricalgeneratorsthattheydonotworkasmusclecellsatall.Whenlargenumbersofthesecellsarelinkedtogether,theeffectscanbeastonishing.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Electricityiswidelyusedinourdailylife.B.Peoplehavejustknownaboutelectricityfortwocenturies.C.Thelivingworldmayholdsecretsofelectricitybeneficialtohumanity.D.Alllivingcellssendouttinypulsesofelectricity.答案：C。文章主要讲了现代是电力时代，人们习惯了电带来的便利，同时提到人们对电的了解时间不长，且自然界中生物世界可能有很多关于电的秘密对人类有益，C选项概括最全面。2.Whathappenswhenthereisapowerfailure?A.Peoplelightcandles.B.Carsstopinthestreets.C.Foodgetsspoiled.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D。文中提到停电时人们在闪烁的烛光中摸索，汽车因没有交通灯指引在街道上犹豫，食物在无声的冰箱里变质，所以A、B、C选项都正确。3.Whatcananelectrocardiogramtelladoctor?A.Thebrainwavesofelectricity.B.Howwelltheheartisworking.C.Thepulsesofelectricityfromthebrain.D.Theworkingconditionofthemusclecells.答案：B。根据文中“Astheheartbeats,itsendsoutpulsesofelectricitythatcanbemeasuredandrecordedatthesurfaceofthebody.Whenthepulsesarerecorded,theyformanelectrocardiogram,whichadoctorcanstudytodeterminehowwelltheheartisworking.”可知，心电图能告诉医生心脏的工作情况。4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutelectricalgeneratorsinsomeanimals?A.Theyarethesameasmusclecells.B.Theyarenotasspecializedaselectricalgenerators.C.Theycangenerateelectricitywhenlinkedtogether.D.Theyworkasmusclecellsallthetime.答案：C。文中提到“Butinsomeanimals,certainmusclecellshavebecomesospecializedaselectricalgeneratorsthattheydonotworkasmusclecellsatall.Whenlargenumbersofthesecellsarelinkedtogether,theeffectscanbeastonishing.”说明一些动物的某些肌肉细胞可作为发电机，大量连接在一起时效果惊人。Passage4Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinidenticallythesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesassacredtexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualcircumstancesofthetimeandtheindividualchild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimorarousinghissadisticimpulses.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftenguiltyofcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Aggressive,destructive,sadisticimpulseseverychildhasand,onthewhole,theirsymbolicverbaldischargeseemstoberatherasafetyvalvethananincitementtoovertaction.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,well-authenticatedcasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,twoheadeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.,donotexist;andthat,insteadofindulginghisfantasiesinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughthowtoadapttorealitybystudyinghistoryandmechanics.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustconfess,sounsympatheticandpeculiarthatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonabroomstickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirenchantedgirlfriend.Nofairystoryeverclaimedtobeadescriptionoftheexternalworldandnosanechildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.1.Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis.A.repeatedwithoutanychangeB.treatedwithreverenceC.madesomechangesbytheparentD.setinthepresent答案：C。根据文中“Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualcircumstancesofthetimeandtheindividualchild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.”可知，父母对故事进行改进会更好。2.Accordingtothepassage,greatfearcantakeplaceinachildwhenthestoryis.A.inarealisticsettingB.heardforthefirsttimeC.repeatedtoooftenD.toldinadifferentway答案：B。文中提到“Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.”说明孩子第一次听故事时可能会产生极大恐惧。3.Theadvantageclaimedforrepeatingfairystoriestoyoungchildrenisthatit.A.makesthemlessfearfulB.developstheirpowerofmemoryC.makesthembelievethereisnothingtobeafraidofD.encouragesthemnottohavestrangebeliefs答案：A。由“Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.”可知，重复故事能让孩子不再那么恐惧。4.Theauthor'smentionofbroomsticksandtelephonesismeanttosuggestthat.A.fairystoriesarestillbeingmadeupB.thereissomemisunderstandingaboutfairytalesC.peopletrytomodernizeoldfairystoriesD.thereismoreconcernforchildren'sfearsnowadays答案：B。作者提到有些人反对童话故事，认为其不真实，作者用扫帚和电话的例子说明如果按照那些人的观点，世界会充满疯子，是为了表明对童话故事存在误解。三、完型填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空白处的最佳答案。Thefirstandsmallestunitthatcanbediscussedinrelationtolanguageistheword.Inspeaking,thechoiceofwordsis1theutmostimportance.Properselectionwilleliminateonesourceof2breakdowninthecommunicationcycle.Toooften,carelessuseofwords3ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.Thewordsusedbythespeakermay4unfavorablereactionsinthelistener5interferewithhiscomprehension;hence,thetransmissionreceptionsystembreaksdown.6,inaccurateorindefinitewordsmaymake7difficultforthelistenertounderstandthe8whichisbeingtransmittedtohim.Thespeakerwhodoesnothavespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe9toexplainordescribeina10thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.1.A.ofB.atC.forD.on答案：A。“oftheutmostimportance”表示“极其重要”，是固定搭配。2.A.inaccessibleB.timelyC.likelyD.invalid答案：C。根据语境，正确的词汇选择能消除交流中可能出现的故障，“likely”表示可能的，符合题意。3.A.encouragesB.preventsC.destroysD.offers答案：B。粗心用词会阻碍说话者和听者的思想交流，“prevents”表示阻止，符合语境。4.A.passoutB.takeawayC.backupD.stirup答案：D。说话者的用词可能会在听者中激起不好的反应，“stirup”表示激起。5.A.whoB.asC.whichD.what答案：C。这里用“which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词“reactions”。6.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.PreliminarilyD.Unexpectedly答案：A。上文说用词不当的问题，这里进一步说不准确或不明确的词的问题，用“Moreover”表示此外。7.A.thatB.itC.soD.this答案：B。“makeitdifficultforsb.todosth.”是固定结构，用“it”作形式宾语。8.A.speechB.senseC.messageD.meaning答案：C。这里指让听者理解传递给他的信息，“message”表示信息。9.A.obscureB.difficultC.impossibleD.unable答案：D。没有特定词汇的说话者可能无法解释或描述清楚，“beunabletodo”表示不能做某事。10.A.caseB.meansC.methodD.way答案：D。“inaway”表示以一种方式，符合语境。四、汉译英1.他努力学习以便能通过考试。答案：Hestudieshardsothathecanpasstheexam.2.她对音乐很感兴趣。答案：Sheisveryinterestedinmusic.3.他昨天给我打了个电话。答案：Hecalledmeyesterday.4.我们应该保护环境。答案：Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.5.这本书值得一读。答案：Thisbookisworthreading.五、写作（一）根据所给题目，用英语写一篇不少于150字的短文。MyHobbiesMyhobbiesplayanimportantpartinmylife.Oneofmyfavoritehobbiesisreading.Readingallowsmetoexploredifferentworldsandgainknowledge.Icanlosemyselfinthepagesofagoodbook,whetherit'sathrillingnoveloraninformativebiography.Itbroadensmyhorizonsandenrichesmymind.AnotherhobbyIenjoyispainting.Throughpainting,Icanexpressmyemotionsandcreativity.Usingcolorsandbrushes,Icancreatebeautifulpicturesthatrepresentmyinnerthoughts.It'saform