Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 单元测试题习题

Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld单元测试题

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37・5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

BabbePslanguage-learningappis50percentoffforalimitedtime

Thoughyou'relikelynottotraveltheworldatthemoment,youcanstillplanfor

yournexttripbylearningthelocallanguageofyourdreamdestination.Andyoucan

learnfastandhavefundoingitwithBabbelwhilethelanguage-learningappis50

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Babbelhostsover10,000hoursofhigh-qualityeducationonline,whichmeans

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Thesystem's15-minutelessonscanfiteasilyintoalunchbreakorbestacked（累计）

togetherforablockoftime-andthepersonalizationdoesn'tstopthere.You’llget

servedwithcustomizedreviewsessionstoreinforcewhatyou'velearned.

Ifyou'rethetypeofpersonwhogetsdistracted（注意力分散的）,youMlwantto

takeadvantageoftheofflinemodeBabbeloffers.Likemostapps,youcanaccessit

onanyofyourdevices,butitalsoworksinofflinemodesoyoucanaccessallthe

courses,lessons,andreviewswithouttheattractionofInstagramnotifications（通知）

andemails.

BabbelhostseverythingfromGermantoNorwegiandialectsinits14-language

library,withspecialregionalfocuseslikeSpanishforSpainversusSpanishforLatin

America.You'llreallygetthepronunciationdownwithBabbePsuniquespeech

recognitiontechnologywhileyoulearnreal-lifetopicsyou'Hactuallyusein

conversation.

StartlearningthelocallanguagefbryournextvacationspotwhileBabbePs

subscriptions（用户费）are50percentoff,totalingjust$200.

21.WhatcanlearnerswhotakeBabbePsonlinelessonsdo?

A.Choosetheirfavoriteteachers.

B.Settimeforclasswithteachers.

C.Learnfor15minuteseachlesson.

D.Followappointedpkmsforreviews.

22.WhatisspecialaboutBabbel'sofflinemode?

A.Itisespeciallysuitableforbeginners.

B.Itbenefitsthosewhoneedregularreviews.

C.ItisacheaperwayforlearnerstouseBabbel.

D.Itoffersthesamelearningmaterialsasonlinemode.

23.WhatcanlearnersgetaccesstoonBabbel?

A.Traveltips.

R.Nativedialects.

C.14librariesoflanguages.

D.Knowledgeofmakingspeeches.

B

HaroldE.VarmusisafamousAmericanscientist,whowontheNobelPrizein

PhysiologyorMedicinealongwithJ.MichaelBishopin1989forthediscoveryofthe

cellularoriginofretroviraloncogenes（逆转录病毒致癌基因的细胞学起源）.

Varmuswasbornin1939inOceanside,NewYork.Hismotherwasasocial

serviceworker,andhisfatherwasaphysician.HegraduatedfromFreeportHigh

SchoolinFreeportin1957.Asayoungsterhewasdeeplyinterestedinliteratureand

writing,andplannedforanacademic（学术的）careerinliterature.Followingthis

dream,heearnedanMAdegreeinEnglishatHarvardUniversityin1962.

However,hechangedhismindanddecidedlostudymudiuiiiu.Thuruibrche

appliedtotheHarvardMedicalSchoolbutwasrefusedtwiceandeventuallyendedup

attheColumbiaUniversityCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsin1962.

VarmusservedatthePublicHealthServiceattheNationalInstitutesofHealth

（NIH）in1968.In1970,hebeganposldoctoral（博士后的）researchinBishop'slabat

theUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco（UCSF）,andperformedoncogene

researchwithBishop.HebecameafacultymemberatUCSFin1972andaprofessor

in1979until1984,whenhebecameanAmericanCancerSocietyResearchProfessor.

In1993,hewasappointed(任命)asDirectoroftheNIHandin2009,was

appointedasamemberofthePresident'sCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceand

Technology.In2()10,PresidentObamaappointedhimastheDirectoroftheNational

CancerInstitute.In2015VarmusjoinedtheMeyerCancerCenterofWeillCornell

MedicineastheLewisThomasUniversityProfessorofMedicine.

Varmushaswonseveralawards,includingtheAlbertLaskerBasicMedical

ResearchAward,1982,AlfredP.Sloan,Jr.Prize,1984,DoubleHelixMedal,2011

andGlennT.SeaborgMedalin2012.

24.WhatwastheteenageVarmus'dream?

A.Makingastudyofliterature.

B.Beingadoctorlikehisfather.

C.Takingoverhisfamilybusiness.

D.Becomingamedicalschoolteacher.

25.Whywas1962animportantyeartoVarmus?

A.Hechangedhismajor.

B.Herefusedhisfamily'soffer.

C.HechoseBishopashisteacher.

D.HeleftforHarvardMedicalSchool.

26.WhendidVarmusbegintostudywhatwouldwinhimtheNobelPrize?

A.In1968.

B.In1970.

C.In1972.

D.In1979.

27.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlyshowus?

A.Varmushasfoundanewfieldofstudy.

B.Varmushasbecometiredofpolitics.

C.Varmushasmadegreatdiscoveries.

D.Varmushasbeengreatlyvalued.

c

SometimeswhenI'minarelaxedsocialsituation,Itryaddingsomething

interestingbyspeakingofmysalary（工资），mid-conversation.Mostofmyfriends

makemorethanIdo.Butitmakesmethinkalottowatchothersforcedtoconsider

ourcomparativelifestylesandwonderwhetherI'mdrunkorshowingoff.

HereintheUnitedStates,itisconsideredrudetodirectlyapproachmattersof

finance.AWellsFargosurveyfoundthatAmericansfinditmoredifficulttotalk

aboutmoneythanaboutdeathorpolitics.Butthatisn'lnecessarilythecaseelsewhere

intheworld.InChina,Vietnam,Israelandmanyothercultures,theopendiscussion

ofmoneyispartofeverydayconversation.

WhilehavingafreerideinRomaniayearsago,Iwasaskedbythedriverabout

myearnings.AtthetimeIwasapart-timepizzadeliveryhoybackintheStates,and

thesalarieswemadewereaboutthesame—apittance."PoorRomania!,,hesaid.

Everyoneheknewwaspoor,and,tohim,thenumberreflectednothingmorethanthe

sadstaleoftheeconomyinEasternEurope.

Sowhy,inAmerica,issalarytiedtoself-worth?Theamountofmoneyweearn

hasnothingtodowithourcapacityforcompassion（司情）orhumor,orevenour

workethic（职业道德）.

Beingopenaboutmoneycanhavepracticalvalue.Awhileback,whenIfound

myselfinaholeandfinallysharedmysituationwithmyolderbrother（whoteaches

personalfinance）,hehelpedsetmeupwithaplantogetmymoneyinorder.

Similarly,whenwediscussoursalarieswithourcoworkers,everyoneisinabelter

positionfornegotiating（谈判）.Paytransparency（透明度）intheworkplacecaneven

helpcunipaniusavoidunfairgapsinsalariesandinuruascworkers'spirits.

Ifwecanbefreefromtheshameconnectedwithourconversationsaboutmoney,

westandtogetadeeperunderstandingofoneanotherashumanbeings.Plus,aren't

youjustdyingtoknowwhatyourneighbor'svacationhouseintheFloridaKeysis

goingfor?

28.Whatisothers'attitudetotheauthor'sbehavior?

A.1heylaughatit.

B.Theyareangryaboutit.

C.Theyareconfusedaboutit.

D.Theyshowlittleinterestinit.

29.Whatdocstheauthorwanttosayaboutdiscussingsalariesinparagraphs2and3?

A.Itisrelatedtopoliteness.

B.Itshouldbeanormalpartoflife.

C.Itcanreflectone'ssocialposition.

D.Itshowswhetheroneisopen-minded.

30.Whatisoneadvantageofbeingopenaboutmoney?

A.Peoplecangetfairtreatment.

B.Peoplecangetovertheirshyness.

C.Peoplecanknowthemselvesbetter.

D.Peoplecanhavearealisticplanforlife.

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Ondollarsandsense

B.Onthevalueofdollars

C.Ishavingdollarsaheadache?

D.Doestalkingdollarshurtyou?

D

Overthepast40years,theimprovedairqualitydemandedbytheUnitedStates'

CleanAirActhassavedthelivesofabout1.5billionbirdsacrossthecountry,

accordingtoastudypublishedlastweek.Thattotalisequaltoaboutonefifthofall

birdsflyinginUSskiestoday,reportsSaraTabinforForbes.

Inllicstudy,IvanRudik,anecoiioinislalCornellUniversity,andhiscolleagues

lookedintotherelationshipbetweenbirdpopulationsandairpollutionbycomparing

birdobservationsrecordedusingthecitizenscienceprogrameBirdwith

measurementsofground-levelairpollutionandthepoliciesaimedatlimitingharmful

emissions（排放）.

Theteamfocusedtheirattentiononairpollutioncausedbyozone（臭氧）.Ozone

gasclosertothegroundisharmfultobreathe.Cars,powerplantsandheavyindustry

arcsomeofthemainhuman-causedsourcesofground-levelozonepollution.

Theteamhasfoundthatsignificantground-levelozonepollutionwasstrongly

connectedwithdecreasesinbirdnumbersintheUS."Becauseflightissophysically

demanding,it'snotsurprisingthatozonepollutioncandirectlyharmbirds—

especiallysmallmigratory（迁徙的）species,“AmandaRodewald,co-authorofthe

study,tellsForbes.<€Atthesametime,ozonecancauseindirecthannbydamaging

planthealthandreducingnumbersoftheinsectsthatbirdseat.Whenbirdscan't

accesshigh-qualityhabitatorfoodresources,theyarelesslikelytosurviveor

reproducesucccssfully.v

AccordingtoForhes,concentrationsofozoneintheloweratmospherefellhy

abouttenpercentbetween1980and2018,largelyduetoenvironmentalregulations

（条例）liketheCleanAirAct.Itmaynotbesurprisingthatthebiggestlocaldropsin

airpollutioncameintheplaceswiththestrictestregulations,andit'sareminderthat

policycandosignificantgoodifcarriedoutproperly.

Thestudy'sbiggestcaveatisthatitcan'tdefinitelyprovethatdecreasesin

groundlevelozonepollutioncausedbirdpopulationstodobetterincertainregions,

becauseotherfactorsmayhavebeeninplay.However,RudiktellsForbesthatthe

consistencyofthenegativecorrelation（负相关的一致性）betweenozonepollution

andbirdnumbersacrossawidevarietyoflocationsmakeshimmoreconfidentabout

suggestingacausalconnection（因果关系）.

32.Howdidtheresearchersmakethestudy?

A.Byrucordiiigbirdpopulations.

B.Byobservinglevelsofozonepollution.

C.Bymakingacomparisonofdifferentdata.

D.Bydevelopingacitizenscienceprogram.

33.Whatdidtheresearchersfindout?

A.Ozonepollutionbecameincreasinglyserious.

B.Ozonepollutionaffectedhumans'adaptability.

C.Ozonepollutionchangedbirds1migratorypaths.

D.Ozonepollutioncausedbirdpopulationstofall.

34.Whatdoesparagraph5stress?

A.Thewishforstricterregulations.

B.Theconcernsaboutozonepollution.

C.Theeffectivenessofenvironmentalpolicies.

D.Theconcentrationsofozoneintheatmosphere.

35.Whatcantheunderlinedword“caveat”inthelastparagraphbereplacedby?

A.Risk.

B.Limitation.

C.Change.

D.Reason.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

Dr.BethA.Brownwasanastrophysicist（天体物理学家），whoworkedatthe

GoddardSpaceFlightCenter.

BrownwasbornonJuly15,1969,inRoanoke,Virginia.36Shewenttoscience

fairsinelementaryschoolandjuniorhigh.ShegrewupwatchingStarTrek,Star

Wars,andshowsinvolvinganythingaboutouterspace.

37WhileatHoward,shewasinvolvedinthemarchingbandandoftentookpart

insummerinternships（实习期）attheGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,whereshegot

researchexperience.

Afterlearningofherinlvrcslinbcuomiuganasliouaul,oneofherprofessors

encouragedhertoresearchtherequirementstobecomeanastronautandbeinouter

space.Shediscoveredthathernear-sightedvision（视力）wouldhurtherchancesof

becominganastronaut.38

ShegraduatedasatopstudentfromHoward,receivingaB.S.inastrophysicsin

1991andremainingattheuniversityforanotheryearinthephysicsgraduate

program.Althatpoint,shethendecidedtoattendIheUniversityofMichigan,

enteringthedoctoralprogramintheDepartmentofAstronomy.39

Afterreceivingherdoctorate,BrownreturnedtoGoddardasaNationalAcademy

ofSciences/NationalResearchCouncilpostdoctoralresearchassociate.Inthat

position,shecontinuedherthesis（论文）workonX-rayemissionfromgalaxies1星

系）.40Sheworkedwithinthecenter'sNationalSpaceScienceDataCenter

（NSSDC）,whichisapartoftheSpaceScienceDataOperationsOffice.Shealsoco­

authoredseveralarticlesontheCrabNebulaandX-rayemissionfromearlytype

galaxies.Dr.BelhA.BrowndiedonOctober5,2008.

A.Brownwasoneofthoseblackwomen.

B.However,Browndidnotgiveupherdreams.

C.RrownattendedHowardUniversityinWashington,D.C.

D.Shehadaninterestinastronomyandsciencefromanearlyage.

E.BrownwasthefirstblackwomantoreceiveaPh.D.fromthedepartment.

F.Sheisrememberedasoneofthepioneeringscientistsinastrophysicsaltheagency.

G.Whenthepost-docpositionended,shewashiredbyGoddardtoworkasan

astrophysicist.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D|H|个选项中选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项。

JimKupperownstheworld'slargestprivatecollectionoftravelclocks.

Jimisa71-ycar-oldOregonianwholovesto41sucond-haiidshops.In2007,he

founda1950stravelclockfor$5.uItjustlookedreally42Jhesays.“Theface,the

hands,theshiningnumbers.^^

Hewas_43_andsoonbeganbuyingvintage（古旧而优质的）travelclocks

he_44^andliked.Heevenhasanumberof45second-handshopemployeeskeeping

theireyesopenfbrnewpiecesonhisbehalf.

“Thebesttravelclocksaretheonesthatpeoplehavethrowninadrawer

and46about,“heexplains.Buteveniftheywere47,Jimisatravelclockmiracle

worker!Hisworkshopisahospitalforilltimekeepers.

“Ascrewdriver（螺丝刀）isallyoureallyneed—buta48one,“helaughs.

Ashiscollectiongrowsbythehour,thebigquestioniswheredoeshe49all

theseclocks?Jimdecidedtobuildontohishouseaclock50.

It'sopenonlyforprivatetoursandhehasyetto_5J_avisitor.uEverybody*s

pretty52、becausenobody'severseenanythingquitelikeit,“hesays."Thevisitors

saythatthemuseumisjustfantastic.”

“I53travelclocksareareallyfantasticpieceofhistory,Jimsays."Probably

halfofmyclockswouldhave54inthegarbageifIhadn'tcleanedand55them.I

don'tthrowanyaway.”

41.A.workinB.frequentC.liveinD.open

42.A.naturalB.similarC.strangeD.fancy

43.A.controlledB.influencedC.attractedD.selected

44.A.foundB.borrowedC.rememberedD.repaired

45.A.politeB.famousC.honestD.friendly

46.A.forgottenB.talkedC.thoughtD.known

47.A.pickedupB.thrownawayC.paidforD.handedout

48.A.regularB.majorC.minuteD.new

49.A.collectB.putC.useD.buy

50.A.museumB.shopC.factoryD.company

51.A.helpB.inviteC.refuseD.bore

52.A.uoiifidculB.ainazudC.uonccniudD.ciubanasscd

53.A.thinkB.doubtC.wonderD.promise

54.A.startedB.endedupC.changedD.goneback

55.A.fixedB.soldC.decoratedD.shared

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Youngchildrenare56.(natural)fullofquestionsabouttheworld

aroundthem.Itfollows,therefore,thatweshouldtakeadvantageofthisnatural

curiosityandstartchannelingtheirenthusiasm(热情)forscientificdiscoveryasearly

57.possible.

Researchsuggeststhatbytheageof7,mostchildrenhavedevelopedeithera

positive58.negativeattitudetowardsscienceeducation59.will

remainentrenched(牢固).Soduringthiskeydevelopmentalphase(阶段)，wecan

establishapositiveapproachtoscienceeducationthatwillslaywith60.

(they)wellintothefuture.

Eventheverysimplestactivitiescanintroducechildrentoscientificconcepts(概

念)andimprovescientificthinking.By61.(direct)theirnaturalcuriosity,

earlychildhoodeducatorscanhelpchildrenbegintomakesenseoftheworld,and

gainsomeunderstandingofhow62.(thing)work.Scienceeducation

activitiesprovidechildrenwithopportunities63.(develop)andpractice

manydifferentskills.Theseincludecommunicationskills,teamworkskills,aswellas

reasoningandproblem-solvingskills.

Althoughit*sreally64.(value)forchildrentogainsomescientific

understandingalongtheway,findingthe'right'answer65.(be)notyour

mostimportantgoal;themaingoalsaretochanneltheircuriosity,andtodeveloptheir

investigative(调查研究的)skills.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华，是某国际中学的学生会主席。学校计划举办校园科学节，

请你写一则通知，刊登在校英文网站上，内容包括：

1.举办的时间；

2.活动的内容；

3.鼓励同学积极参与。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

第二节（满分25分）

Ifyouarelikemanystudents,yourtimeislimitedsoitisimportanttogetthe

mosteducationalvalueoutofthetimeyouhave.Speedoflearningisnottheonly

importantfactor,however.Becominganeffectiveandefficientstudentisnot

somethingthathappensovernight,butputtingafewofthesetipsintodailypractice

canhelpyougetmoreoutofyourstudytime.

Oneusefulwaytobecomeamoreeffectivelearneristosimplykeeplearning.In

onearticlepublishedinMature,itwasreportedthatpeoplewholearnedhowtojuggle

（方i杂耍）increasedtheamountofgraymatter（脑灰质）,whichisassociatedwith

visualmemory.Whentheseindividualsstoppedpracticingtheirnewskill,thisgray

matterdisappeared.So,ifyouarelearninganewlanguage,itisimportanttokeep

practicingthelanguageinordertomaintaintheimprovementyouhaveachieved.If

youwantthenewinformationyoujustlearnedtostayput,keeppracticingand

rehearsing（默诵）it.

Anotheroneofthebestwaystolearnistofocusonlearninginmorethanone

way.Finddifferentwaystorehearsetheinformation.Thismightinvolvedescribing

whatyoulearnedtoafriend,takingnotes,ordrawingamindmap.Bylearningin

moreIhanoneway,yourefurtherstrengtheningtheknowledgeinyourmind.

AccordingtoresearcherJudyWillis,uThemoreregionsofthebrainthatstoredata

aboutasubject,themoreiulciuoniicclioiithereis.Andihibiulcrcoiiiiccliouofdata

meanswehavelearned,ratherthanjustmemorized.”

Whileitmayseemthatspendingmoretimestudyingisoneofthebestwaysof

effectivelearning,researchhasprovedthattakingtestsactuallyhelpsyoubetter

rememberwhatyou'velearned,evenifitisn'tcoveredbythetests.Thestudyshowed

thatstudentswhostudiedandwerethentestedhadbetterlong-termrecallofthe

materials,evenofinformationthatwasnotcoveredbythetests.Studentswhohad

extratimetostudybutwerenottestedhadsignificantlylowerrecallofthematerials.

选做题

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

NewresearchsuggestsatypeofMediterraneanseagrassnaturallyreducesplastic

pollution,reportsDonnaI.uforNewScientist.Thestudy,publishedinthejournal

ScientificReports,estimatesthatbedsofthistypeofseagrass,calledPosidonia

Oceanica（波西多尼亚海草）,maycollectupto867millionbitsofplasticinthe

Mediterraneaneveryyear.

Theseaplantsachievethissomewhatbyaccident,accordingtoAgenceFrance-

Presse（AFP）.WhenleavesofPosidoniaOceanicafallorbreakoff,theirfibers（纤维）

canformtangled（缠结的）massescalledNeptuneballs,whichcantrapsmallpieces

ofplasticandthenwashashoreduringstorms.

Around8milliontonsofplasticendupintheworld'soceanseveryyear,

accordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,enoughtoaccount

for80percentofalloceanrubbish.Intheocean,plasticstakemanyyearstobreak

downandharmmorethan800speciesinmanyways,accordingtoa2016United

Nationsicporl.PlasticscantraplifeintheoceanorcudupinIlieslomaclisofaniinals

largeandsmall.Sincetheseplasticpiecesareindigestible（难消化的）,theycanbuild

upandcausedeaths.

Theworld'sgrowingawarenessofoceanplasticpollutionhasledtosome

multimilliondollareffortstophysicallyremoveit,but,alleastalongthecoast,this

newresearchsuggestsseagrasscouldbeapowerfulandlow-costfriendinthefight

againstoceanplastic.

Tolesttheplant'spowertotrapthepieces,theresearchersjudgedtheamountof

theplasticcollectedinseagrassonfourbeachesontheSpanishislandofMallorca

between2018and2019.Halfofthe42samples（样本）ofseagrasscontainedbitsof

plastic,withupto613individualpiecesperkilogram,theresearchersreport.Though

only17percentofthe198Neptuneballscontainedplastics,theonesthatdidhadalot

一eachkilogramofseaballcontainedcloseto1,500pieces.

ThoughtheresearchersfocusedonthebeachedNeptuneballs,theycan'tbesure

ifthat'swheretheyendup."Wedon'tknowwheretheytravel,MsaidSanchez-Vidal,

anoceanbiologistattheUniversityofBarcelonaandthestudy*sleadauthor.uWe

onlyknowthatsomeofthemarcbeachedduringstorms.”

Sanchez-Vidalsaidthatherteam'sfindingssuggestprotectingtheseunderwater

seagrasscouldprovidesignificantreductionsincoastaloceanplasticsinadditionto

otherbenefitsincludingtakingincarbondioxideandprovidinghabitatforfishes.

1.WhatisspecialaboutPosidoniaOceanica?

A.Itbreaksdownplasticseasily.

B.Itisanaturalremoverofplastics.

C.ItattractsNeptuneballstoplastics.

D.Itmakesplasticsfloatonthesurface.

2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thecausesofoceanplasticpollution.

B.Someconcernforoceanplasticpollution.

C.Somepredictionsofoceanplasticpollution.

D.Theseriousnessofoceanplasticpollution.

3.Whaldidihcicscarulicrsfailtolearn?

A.WhatuseNeptuneballshave.

B.HowNeptuneballsareformed.

C.WheresomeNeptuneballsgo.

D.WhyNeptunebailsappearonthebeach.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.lbuncovermoreaboutunderwaterplants.

B.ToshowtheimportanceofPosidoniaOceanica.

C.Tostressthenecessityofreducingoceanplastics.

D.TosharetheplanforthenextstudyonPosidoniaOceanica.

参考答案

（听力略）

21-25CDBAA26-30BDCBA

31-35DCDCB36-40DCBEG

41-45BDCAD46-50ABCBA51-55DBABA

56.naturally57.as58.or59.that/which

60.them61.directing62.things63.todevelop

64.valuable65.is

写作

第一节

Onepossibleversion:

Notice

TheannualschoolScienceFestivaliscoming!Thegrandopeningceremonyof

thefestivalwillbeheldintheschoolhallat9:00a.m.nextFriday.

Manydifferentactivitieswillbeorganizedduringthefestival.Somefamous

professorswillbeinvitedtogiveuslecturesonscienceandtechnology.Wewillalso

organizetheScienceFairwhereyoucanlearnthelatestscientificdevelopmentand

alsoexperiencethelatestinventions.

TheScienceFestivalwilllastfbraweekandwearelookingforwardtoyour

pailiuipalion!

TheStudents'Union

第二节

Onepossibleversion:

Becominganeffectivestudentisnotaneasyorovernightprocessbutyoucan

makeitbyfollowingthesetips.（要点1）First,keeplearningnewthingsand

practicingtheknowledgeyouhavemastered.（要点2）Second,learninmultipleways

toenhancetheknowledgeandskillsyou'velearned.（要点3）What'smore,usetesting

asaneffectivewaytoimproveyourlearning.（要点4）

部分解析

阅读

第一节

A篇

主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习

本文是应用文。文章是关于Babbel的语言学习应用程序的广告。

21.Co细节理解题。根据第二段中的Thesystem's15-minutclessonscanfiteasily

intoalunchbreak可知，在线学习者可以每节课学习15分钟。

22.De细节理解题c根据第二段中的butitalsoworksinofflinemodesoyoncan

accessallthecourses,lessons,andreviews可知，线下学习模式提供与线上模式同

样的学习资源。

23.Bo细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的BabbelhostseverythingfromGerman

toNorwegiandialects以及You'llreallygetthepronunciationdownwithBabbcl's

uniquespeechrecognitiontechnology可知，该应任程序的发音兼备独特的语音识

别技术，学习者可以学到很地道的方言。

B篇

主题语境：人与社会——社会

本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国科学家、1989年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的获奖

者之一HaroldE.VarmuSo

24.Ao细节理解题。根据第二段中的Asayoungsterhewasdeeplyinterestedin

lilcraluruandwriting,andplannedfoianauadumiuuaicerinlilcralurc.Followinglliis

dream...in1962可知，十几岁时的Varmus梦想开启文学学术生涯。

25.Ao细节理解题。根据第三段中的hechangedhismindanddecidedtostudy

medicine以及eventuallyendedupattheColumbiaUniversityCollegeofPhysicians

andSurgeonsin1962可知，在1962年，Varmus改变了主意想学医，于是进入

哥伦比亚大学医师和外科医生学院学习。

26.Bo细节理解题。根据第一段中的wontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyor

Medicine...thediscoveryofthecellularoriginofretroviraloncogenes以及第四段中

的In1970,hebeganpostdoctoralresearchinBishop'slab...performedoncogene

researchwithBishop可知，在1970年Varmus开始研究致癌基因,而正是因为

这项研究他获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

27.Do推理判断题。根据第五段中提到的hewasappointedas、appointedhim

as>Varmusjoined...as以及相应的职位可知，该段主要告诉我们Varmus担任

过的职位，表明他很受重用。

C篇

主题语境：人与社会——社会

本文是议论文。许多美国人不愿意谈论他们的薪酬，作者认为他们没有必要避

讳自己的经济状况，谈论收入状况也有现实意义C

28.Co推理判断题。根据第一段中的towatchothersforcedtoconsiderour

comparativelifestylesandwonderwhetherI'mdrunkorshowingoff可知，其他人

不能理解作者为什么要谈论自己的工资情况。

29.Bo推理判断题。第二段中作者把美国人对谈论金钱的态度与其他一些国家

的人作了对比。第三段中作者结合自己的经历说明罗马尼亚人对谈论收入的态

度，在他们看来收入只是反映经济状况。故可推断，作者在这两段主要想表明

谈论个人收入情况应该是生活的一部分，再正常不过了。

30.Ao细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Beingopenaboutmoneycanhave

practicalvalue以及whenwediscussoursalarieswithourcoworkers...avoidunfair

gapsinsalariesandincreaseworkers'spirits可知，对金钱持开放态度会让人们避

免在薪水上受到不公正的待遇。本段中的inahole意为“陷入绝境，没有钱工

31.Do标题归纳题。作者结合自己在美国和在罗马尼亚的经历，通过对比美国

人和其他国家的人对谈论收入的态度，论述了谈论收入与自尊、同情心、幽默

感，甚至职业道德都无关，但它可以帮助人们避免受到不公正的薪金待遇，还

能增进人与人之间的相互理解。故可推断，D项“谈钱伤人吗？”作标题最能体

现文章主旨。standiodoslh.意为“很可能做某事，goforslh.在本文中意为“被卖

掉“，例如：Wewon'tletthehousegoforlessthan$20,000.

D篇

主题语境：人与自然——环境保护

本文是说明文。研究发现，美国“清洁空气法案''实施以来，空气质量得到很大改

善，拯救了约15亿只鸟的生命。

32.Co细节理解题。根据第二段中的bycomparingbirdobservationsrecorded

usingthecitizenscienceprogrameBirdwithmeasurementsofground-levelair

pollutionandthepoliciesaimedatlimitingharmfulemi