2026中考英语：非谓语动词专项

2026中考英语：非谓语动词专项第一部分：核心考点提炼非谓语动词是指在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式。它有三种：动词不定式(todo)、动名词(V-ing)和分词(现在分词V-ing和过去分词V-ed)。一、动词不定式(todo)核心功能：作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和表语。1.作宾语常接不定式作宾语的动词：want,decide,hope,plan,agree,choose,learn,promise,refuse,manage等。例：Ihopetoseeyouagain.2.作宾语补足语常接不定式作宾补的动词：ask,tell,want,wish,encourage,advise,allow,invite,warn等。（注意：在let,make,have,see,hear,watch,feel等使役动词和感官动词后，要省略to。但变为被动语态时，to必须还原。）例：Myparentsalwaysencouragemetotrymybest./Isawhimcrossthestreet.(被动：Hewasseentocrossthestreet.)3.作目的状语表示行为的目的，可译为“为了...”。例：Hegotupearlytocatchthefirstbus.4.作定语放在被修饰的名词/代词之后，表示将要发生的动作。例：Ihavealotofhomeworktodotonight.5.作主语常用It's+adj.+todosth句型，it作形式主语。例：It'simportanttolearnEnglishwell.疑问词+不定式相当于一个名词短语，作宾语、主语等。例：Idon'tknowwhattodonext./Howtosolvetheproblemisthekey.二、动名词(V-ing)核心功能：作主语、宾语、表语和定语。1.作宾语a.动词宾语：常接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：enjoy,finish,practice,avoid,consider,imagine,miss,suggest,keep,mind等。例：Doyoumindopeningthewindow?b.介词宾语：放在介词后面作宾语。例：I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.(注意：这里的to是介词)常用短语：begoodat,beinterestedin,thankyoufor,beafraidof,insteadof等。2.作主语表示经常性、习惯性的动作。例：Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes.3.作表语说明主语的内容或性质。例：HisjobisteachingEnglish.三、分词(V-ing/V-ed)核心功能：作定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语。1.作定语现在分词(V-ing)：表示主动或正在进行，修饰物。例：asleepingbaby(一个正在睡觉的婴儿)过去分词(V-ed)：表示被动或已完成，修饰人。例：abrokenwindow(一扇被打破的窗户)2.作状语表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。例：Seeingtheteacher,thestudentsstoppedtalking.(时间状语，主动)例：Borninapoorfamily,hehadtoworkhard.(原因状语，被动)3.作宾语补足语感官动词/使役动词+宾语+现在分词(表主动进行)/过去分词(表被动完成)例：Iheardsomeonesingingnextdoor.(主动进行)例：Ineedtohavemyhaircut.(被动完成)4.作表语现在分词多表“令人...的”，修饰物；过去分词多表“感到...的”，修饰人。例：Themovieisexciting.(物)例：Iamexcitedaboutthemovie.(人)第二部分：专项分层练习Level1:基础巩固(单项选择)1.It'simportant______aforeignlanguage.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned2.Mymotheraskedme______TVtoomuch.A.nottowatchB.tonotwatchC.don'twatchD.notwatch3.—Wouldyoumind______thedoorforme?—Ofcoursenot.A.openB.toopenC.openingD.opened4.Thelittleboyisafraid______aloneatnight.A.ofgoingoutB.togooutC.goingoutD.AandB5.Isawhim______intotheroomjustnow.A.goB.goesC.wentD.togo6.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.I'llhaveit______tomorrow.A.repairedB.repairC.repairingD.torepair7.______toschool,Imetanoldfriendofmine.A.OnmywayB.InmywayC.OnthewayD.Intheway8.Thestoryisso______thatallthechildrenare______init.A.interesting;interestingB.interested;interestedC.interesting;interestedD.interested;interesting答案与解析：1.B(It's+adj.+todo)2.A(asksbnottodosth)3.C(minddoingsth)4.D(beafraidofdoing/beafraidtodo常可互换)5.A(seesbdosth,省略to)6.A(havesthdone让某事被做)7.A(Onmywaytoschool是固定短语，省略了Going)8.C(interesting修饰story,interested修饰children)Level2:能力提升(用所给词的正确形式填空)1.It'stoonoisy.Wouldyoupleasestop______(make)suchabignoise?2.Theteachertoldus______(notbe)lateforclassagain.3.I'msorryIforgot______(post)yourletter.I'lldoitthisafternoon.4.Hepromised______(help)mewithmymath.5.Thebookisworth______(read)asecondtime.6.Thegirl______(name)Lilyismybestfriend.7.______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.8.WhenIpassedby,Iheardher______(sing)anEnglishsong.答案与解析：1.making(stopdoing停止正在做的事)2.nottobe(tellsbnottodosth)3.topost(forgettodo忘记要做某事<未做>；forgetdoing忘记做过某事<已做>)4.tohelp(promisetodo)5.reading(beworthdoing)6.named(过去分词作定语，表被动“被叫做...”)7.Seen(过去分词作状语，表被动“被从山顶看”)8.singing(hearsbdoing听到某人正在做某事)Level3:综合运用(句子改写/翻译)1.改写句子：MydreamisthatIwillbecomeascientist.→Mydreamis______ascientist.2.改写句子：Becausehewasill,hedidn'tgotoschool.→______ill,hedidn'tgotoschool.3.汉译英：他足够大可以自己穿衣服了。→Heisoldenough______himself.4.汉译英：我爸爸花了一个小时修自行车。→Ittookmyfatheranhour______thebike.5.汉译英：看！有个男孩正在河里游泳。太危险了！→Look!Thereisaboy______intheriver.It'stoodangerous!答案与解析：1.tobecome(用不定式作表语)2.Being(用现在分词短语作原因状语，表主动)3.todress(enoughtodo)4.torepair(Ittakessbsometimetodosth)5.swimming(Therebe+sb+doing现在分词作定语修饰boy)第三部分：备考策略与易错点提醒一．牢记固定搭配：把常接todo和常接V-ing作宾语的动词分类记忆。1.只能接V-ing的动词：享受(enjoy)错过(miss)完成(finish)实践(practice)建议(suggest)避免(avoid)考虑(consider)保持(keep)想象(imagine)2.只能接todo的动词：决定(decide)希望(hope)计划(plan)拒绝(refuse)选择(choose)同意(agree)管理(manage)承诺(promise)二．注意意义迥异的词stoptodo(停下来去做另一件事)stopdoing(停止正在做的事)remember/forget/regrettodo(记得/忘记/遗憾要去做某事<未做>)remember/forget/regretdoing(记得/忘记/遗憾做过某事<已做>)trytodo(努力做某事)trydoing(尝试做某事)meantodo(打算做)meandoing(意味着)三．分析逻辑主语：在作状语时，分词的