2026年高考英语终极冲刺：压轴题06 阅读理解CD篇（环境与保护类）（原卷版）

3/17压轴题06阅读理解C、D篇命题预测分析近年高考英语阅读理解C、D篇命题规律，环境与保护类是必考核心压轴题材，选材多来自Nature、Science、国家地理、环保组织报告、高校生态研究，聚焦生态保护、气候变化、污染治理、物种恢复、可持续发展、城市生态、新能源、循环经济。文章科学性强、数据密集、逻辑严谨，长难句与专业术语较多，侧重考查细节定位、逻辑推理、观点态度、主旨概括。2026年高考仍会重点考查，命题更贴近碳中和、生物多样性、城市绿色、人与自然共生、环保科技，强调责任意识与科学思维。高频考法推理判断题标题归纳题细节理解题词义猜测题主旨大意题观点态度/写作意图题环境与保护类基本规律及解题要领高考环境类阅读多无标题，结构清晰、论证严谨，一般分为四部分：首段：引出环境问题、生态现象、保护行动、科研发现。背景/现状：介绍问题成因、破坏程度、危机现状、人类影响。主干：阐述研究数据、保护措施、治理方案、正反效果、专家观点。结尾：总结保护意义、未来展望、行动呼吁、生态启示。二、环境与保护类解题技巧1.抓语篇结构，快速把握大意用略读法速读首尾段+各段首尾句，圈出核心词：environment/conservation/habitat/ecosystem/climate/pollution。环境类常见行文逻辑：问题对策型：环境危机→原因分析→解决方案→效果评价研究发现型：新观察→实验数据→结论意义→保护建议生态介绍型：物种/栖息地→生存现状→适应机制→保护价值2.定位标志词，精准破解细节与推理优先定位：地名、物种名、数据年份、研究机构、环保项目名称。长难句处理：先抓主句主干，剥离定语、状语、插入语，理清因果与条件。答案原则：原文同义替换、客观概括，不加入主观环保立场臆断。3.重点关注因果、措施与影响环境类必考三大方向：原因：humanactivity/urbanization/deforestation/pollution/climatechange措施：restore/protect/recycle/regulate/passiverestoration/ecotourism影响：threaten/survive/recover/decline/collapse/benefit4.紧盯转折与对比，锁定命题重点高频逻辑词：however/but/yet/while/incontrast/instead/despite转折后常是真实危机、有效方案、作者真正态度，为必考点。5.熟悉选项设置规律，快速排除干扰正确选项：符合科学事实、概括全面、原文信息同义改写。干扰项：夸大危机（用worst/destroy/extinct绝对化）张冠李戴（把A措施的效果安到B措施）无中生有（原文未提的解决方案）以偏概全（用局部数据代替整体主旨）6.标题归纳技巧（环境类专用）必须包含核心对象：forest/ocean/animal/habitat/planet/ecosystem突出保护、恢复、危机、可持续常见格式：保护对象+危机/措施/希望/未来06环境与保护类1.（2026·广东省大湾区·一模）IftheAmazonforestistodisappear,AltamirainBrazilisthetownwherethatendcouldbeforeseen.Duringtheregion’sdevelopment,aroadwascutthroughtheheartoftheforest,markinganeraofwidespreaddestructionthatremadetheAmazon.Altamirathusbecameknowninlocalmediaasthe“championofdeforestation.”NowBrazilianofficialsthinkthisexpansivetowncanalsobethesiteoftheforest’srebirth.Thisyear,thegovernmentsetouttotestaquestionthatuntilnowhaslargelybeenlefttoresearchers:Ifleftalone,cantheAmazonforestrestoreitself?Totestthisassumption,officialsclosedoffadegradedparceloflandandleased(租赁)ittoaprivatecarboncreditcompanytosafeguardandrestore.“Someofthetaskswillbedonebyplantingtrees.ButmostoftherestorationjobwillbelefttoMotherNature.It’scalledpassiverestoration.Thisisopeninganewmodelthatmaybeappliedacrossthestate,”saidGovernorBarbalho.ThesearchforsolutionsintheAmazoncouldn’tbemoreurgent.Ratesofdeforestationhavebeendroppingsincethegovernmentmadefightingenvironmentalcrimeapriority,butthedestructionhasn’tstopped.Nearly6,300squarekilometerswerelostlastyear,bringingtheecosystemclosertowhatscientistswarnisatippingpoint,whentheAmazonisnolongerabletomaintainitsownrainyecosystem.Evidenceofitsarrivalisspringingup:driedriverbeds,forestfires,punishingdroughts,andincreasedtreedeath.Scientistshavepredictedtheforestcouldexperienceabroadecologicalcollapseby2050,when10—47%ofitwillbeexposedtovariousdisturbancesthatcouldactivateunexpectedecosystemchanges.Butotherresearchhasalsoprovidedcauseforhope.DespitethedelicatenatureoftheAmazon’secosystem,theforesthasalsodemonstratedaremarkablecapacityforrecovery.Arecentstudyshowedthatroughly72,000squarekilometersofdestroyedforestarealreadyinanadvancedstageofnaturalrecovery.1.WhatdoweknowaboutAltamirafromparagraph1?A.ItreshapedtheAmazonarea. B.Itsawtherebirthoftheforest.C.Itbenefitedfromthenewroad. D.Itheadedtheforestdestruction.2.Whatisthecorebeliefbehindpassiverestoration?A.Natureknowstherightway. B.Companiesmakebetterguardians.C.Tree-plantingisaquickerfix. D.Ahands-offgovernmentisthekey.3.WhatmakesitcriticaltorestoretheAmazonrainforest?A.Deforestationratesareever-rising. B.Therainyecosystemhascollapsed.C.Apointofnoreturnisapproaching. D.Springhasbroughtlotsofdisasters.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CanPrivateCompaniesHelp? B.CanPassiveRestorationLast?C.CanAltamiraStopDeforestation? D.CanAmazonAvoidDisappearing?2.（2026·河北·一模）DeepinaprotectednaturereserveinNorthernGuatemala’sSierradelLacandónNationalPark,shadefromthetreesandalightwindfromtheUsumacintaRiverofferpeoplerelieffromtheheat.HereintheMayaBiosphereReserve,therearenotonlythousandsofspecies,includingtheRamónandCopaltreesprovidingshade,butalsoRomarioRamírez,oneofthemanyhumanswholiveinthepark.Ramírezisatourguide;heknowsthisforestanditscreatureslikethebackofhishand.Butguidingtouriststhroughtheparkisjustpartofhiswork.Nearly20thousandpeoplelivewithinthispark,almostallofwhomplayaroleincaringfortheforest.Forestfiresarethelargestthreattothereserve.Setmostlybyoutsiders,thefiresareusuallyintendedtocleartheforesttoexpandcattleandsoyfarms.Whilethefiresarestartedbyhumans,theirintensityandabilitytospreadaremadeworsebyclimatechange.Inresponse,everyoneinthiscommunityistrainedtouseanumberoftoolstodiscouragethefires,includingcamerasandothersimilarequipment,whicharealsousedtomonitorbiodiversity.Accordingtoareport,collectivelytheyhavereduced369,000tonsofCO₂emissionsandprotected870speciesofwildlifebetween2012and2014.Tokeepvisitorsengaged,guidesleadhikeswithinthejungleandexcursions(远足)toancientsites.Sustainabletouristprograms,orecotourism,havebecomeincreasinglypopularasawaytohelptheremotecommunitybecomeself-sufficient.Inthismodel,everyvisitfromatravelerdirectlytranslatesintogreatercapacitytopreservetheforest.ThelocaltourismcommissioninthissmallNorthernGuatemalancommunityhopestoguardtheareabyinvitingtouriststothinkaboutthereserveasmorethanasitetovisitandtoseehowtheyliveanddevelopasacommunity.5.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinparagraph1?A.Manandnaturecoexistclosely.B.Biodiversityisvitaltotheforest.C.Thelocalsrelyonnaturetolive.D.Thereserveispopularwithtourists.6.Whydoestheauthorciteareportinparagraph3?A.Toshowrisksofwidespreadforestfires.B.Toproveeffectivenessoffireprevention.C.Topraisetheuseofdevicestotacklefires.D.Torevealthereasonfordiscouragingfires.7.Whatcantourists’engagementwiththesitebring?A.Morepotentialforecotourism.B.Moreinsightintoancientlife.C.Morecollaborationontheeconomy.D.Moresupportforlocalprotection.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GuidedTours,GuardedForestB.FireThreats,LocalResponsesC.LocalGuides,GlobalVisitorsD.AncientForest,ModernGuardians3.（2026·湖北·一模）Theglobalshifttorenewableenergyisgreatlyincreasingdemandforcriticalmineralsandmetals,includinglithium,copperandrareearthelements.Overthepastfiveyears,themarketfortheseenergytransitionmineralshasdoubled.By2040,demandforsuchmineralsincleanenergytechnologiesisexpectedtogrowtwotofourtimes.Althoughtheenergytransitionrequiresmoremining,thetotalamountofmaterialsneededforafullygreenenergysystemby2040ismuchlowerthanthatforafossil-fuelbasedsystem.Fossilfuelsareburnedcontinuouslyandcannotberecycled.Incontrast,criticalmineralsareusedinlong-lastingequipmentandcanberecycledattheendoftheirservicelife.Itishighlyimportanttominethesemetalsresponsibly.Copperisonemetalwhosedemandwillrisesharply.Underthe1.5°Cclimategoal,annualcopperdemandisprojectedtogrowfrom25milliontonnesnowto55.1milliontonnesin2050.Newsupplysourcesmustbedevelopedtoclosethisgap.Fortunately,knownreservesofmanycriticalmineralsaregeographicallywidespread.Copper,forexample,isdistributedacrossChile,Peru,China,theUnitedStatesandothernations.Inthenearfuture,productionwillstilldependontraditionalminingcountries,becauseopeninganewmineusuallytakesmorethan10years.However,processingcapacitycanbediversifiedmorequickly.TheUSandtheEUarebuildingpartnershipstostrengthensupplychains.Mining,however,bringsseriousenvironmentalandsocialrisks.Itcandamageecosystems,consumelargeamountsofwaterandproduceharmfulwaste.SomeminingactivitiesalsoaffectlocalcommunitiesandIndigenousPeoples’lands.Morethan50percentofthemetalsneededfortheenergytransitioncomefromorneartheseareas.Tosolvetheseproblems,responsibleminingisnecessary.Companiesneedstrongmanagementandclearcommunicationwithlocalcommunities.TheyshouldalsofollowinternationalstandardssuchasTowardsSustainableMining,IRMAandCopperMark.Thesesystemsaimtoimproveenvironmentalprotection,safetyandcommunityrelations.Metaluserscanhelpbymakingsupplychainsmoretransparentandsupportingrecyclingandnewtechnologies.Withjointefforts,theenergytransitioncanbebothsustainableandfairtolocalcommunities.9.Whatistheadvantageofcriticalmineralsoverfossilfuels?A.Theyareeasiertoexploreandextract. B.Theycanberecycledafteruse.C.Theycostlesstoproduce. D.Theyareusedinlargerquantities.10.Whyisitdifficulttoincreasecoppersupplyquickly?A.Knownreservesarerunningout. B.Demandisgrowingtooslowly.C.Buildinganewminetakesalongtime. D.Manycountriesrefusetoexportcopper.11.Whatproblemdoesminingbringaccordingtothepassage?A.Itraisesthepriceofrenewableenergy. B.Itreducestheefficiencyofpowersystems.C.Itslowsdowntechnologicaldevelopment. D.Itharmstheenvironmentandlocalcommunities.12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ACriticalMineralsfortheEnergyTransition. B.WaystoRecycleUsedMetalsEffectively.C.GlobalSupplyChainsofRenewableEnergy. D.EnvironmentalRisksofMiningIndustry.4.（2026·广东汕头·一模）Theconceptof“CarbonNeutrality”hasmovedfromboardroomstolivingrooms.In2026,agrassrootsmovementcalled“Project30”challengedhouseholdstoreducetheircarbonfootprintby30%withinayear.Theresults,publishedintheJournalofSustainableLiving,weresurprising.Researchersfoundthatthemosteffectivefactorwasn’taccesstoexpensivesolarpanels,but“behavioralnudging.”Familieswhoreceivedweeklyfeedbackontheirenergyusageviaasmarthomeappreducedconsumptionsignificantlymorethanthosewhosimplyownedenergy-efficientappliances.PsychologistDr.HelenReidexplains:“Peopleoftensufferfrom‘invisibilitybias.’Ifyoucan’tseetheelectricityflowing,youdon’tthinkaboutwastingit.Makingdatavisiblecreatesaccountability.”However,thestudyalsohighlightedthe“ReboundEffect.”Someparticipants,proudoftheirreducedelectricitybills,offsettheirsavingsbytakinglong-haulflights,negatingtheirpreviousefforts.“Sustainabilityisholistic,”warnsDr.Reid.“Youcan’tgreenwashyourwaytocarbonneutralitybyfocusingonjustoneaspectofyourlife.”13.Whatwasthekeyfindingof“Project30”?A.Expensivetechnologyisnecessaryforcarbonreduction.BBehavioralfeedbackismoreeffectivethanhardwarealone.C.Mosthouseholdscannotreducetheircarbonfootprint.D.Carbonneutralityisanimpossiblegoal.14.WhatdoesDr.Reidmeanby“invisibilitybias”?A.Peopleareblindtotheeffectsofclimatechange.B.Peopletendtoignoreresourcestheycannotphysicallysee.C.Energy-efficientappliancesareoftenhiddeninhomes.D.Smartappsarenotvisibleenoughtousers.15.Whatisthe“ReboundEffect”asdescribedinthetext?A.Whenpeopleincreasetheirenergyuseafterbuyingnewappliances.B.Wheneffortsinoneareaarecanceledoutbynegativeactionselsewhere.C.Whencarbonreductionprojectsfailduetolackoffunding.D.Whenpeoplebecometooreliantontechnology.16.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A.Onlythewealthycanachievecarbonneutrality.B.Technologyalonecansolvetheclimatecrisis.C.Sustainablelivingrequiresawarenessandholisticlifestylechanges.D.Governmentpoliciesaretheonlysolutiontocarbonemissions.5.（2026·山西晋城·一模）ThestreetsofSouthProvidencearelinedwithapartmentbuildingsandconcretesidewalks.ButalongPearlStreet,onelotstandsout.It’sgreen,withnearly270treespackedintoa1,000-square-footlot.OfficiallycalledthePearlStreetGarden,itcontainsatinyforestinthemiddleoftheurbanarea,offeringasharpcontrasttothesurroundinghardsurfacesandtraffic.Thepocketforestsadheretothe“Miyawakimethod”developedinthe1970s,whichcallsforplantingawidevarietyoflocaltreesinlargenumbersandinverytightquarters.Withplantspackedclosetogether,theybothcollaborateandcompeteforresources,racingtoreachthesunfirst.ResearchshowsforestsgrownusingtheMiyawakimethodgrowtentimesfasterthanatraditionallandscapeplanting,allowingenvironmentalbenefitstoappearinarelativelyshorttime.“Thisisn’thabitatrestorationonthescalethatisneededintermsoftheworld,”saidJaeqHall,directorofspecialprojectsatGroundworkRhodeIsland,“butitisareallygreatway,especiallyinacity,forpeopletobecomeinclosetouchwithbiodiversity.”A2022studyfoundRhodeIslandcontains139squaremilesofasphalt(柏油),concrete,andotherhardsurfaces,amountingto13percentofitslandarea.Suchconditionslimitaccesstogreenspaceandreducethenaturalcoolingandair-cleaningeffectsthattreescanprovide.“We’retryingreallyhardtogobackintothoseplacesthathavebeenaggressivelypavedoverandworkinlittlebitsofnaturetobringthosebenefitstomorepeople,”Hallsaid.“Projectslikethisreceivedabigboostinfundingfromthegovernment.Itwasahistoricmoment,”shesaid,addingthatcontinuedsupportisneededifmicroforestsaretoplayalastingroleinmakingcitieshealthierandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.17.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“adhereto”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Followclosely, B.Resultin. C.Differfrom. D.Improvegradually.18.Whyaremicroforestsvaluableincities?A.Theyconservebiodiversity. B.Theyaddressairpollution.C.Theybeautifytheenvironment. D.Theyconnectpeoplewithnature.19.WhatdoesHallintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Deliveracomplaint. B.Soundawarning. C.Makeanappeal. D.Giveanexplanation.20.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StreetGardens:FamousTourSpotsB.MiyawakiMethod:ANewPlantingWayC.Microforests:GreenGiftstoUrbanAreasD.JacqHall:AProtectorofUrbanForests6.（2026·北京延庆·一模）Fewpeoplecanbetterrepresentpeople’swonderatthenaturalworldthanSirDavidAttenborough,atelevisionpresenterinhisnineties.Inrecentyears,SirDavidhasbeencampaigningpassionatelyforanendtotheplasticthathisfilmcrewsfindscatteredacrosstheplanet.“Theplasticinouroceansoughtnevertohavegotthereinthefirstplace,”hesaid.“Muchofitperhapsoughtnottohaveevenbeenmanufacturedatall.”Thefirststatementisreasonable,butthesecondisnot—foritdisregardstheextraordinarybenefitsthatplastics,andtheindustrywhichproducesthem,haveprovidedbothtohumansandtotheenvironment.Althoughthedrawbacksoftheworld’srelianceonplasticsarealltooapparent,thebenefitstheyprovide,intheformofreducingwasteandcost,arealltooeasilyoverlooked.Whilebeinglighter,moredurable,andcheaperandeasiertomanufacture,plasticshavemadepossiblearangeofnewmaterials.Thesematerialshavebecomevitalineverythingfrombuildingtocarmakingtoconsumerelectronics.Plasticshavealsoeasedtheworld’srelianceonoldermaterials,andonthelivingbeingsfromwhichmanyofthemcame.Thereareperhaps10mpianosintheworld.Ifalltheirwhitekeysweremadeofivory,howmanyelephantswouldremain?Justasthebenefitsofplasticsareoftenunseen,however,soaresomepotentialharms.Thesightofplasticwasteruiningbeautifulnaturalareasandharmingwildlifeusedtobeoneofthebiggestcomplaintsagainstplastics.Nowconcernsgrowoverwhathappenswhentheybreakupintomicroscopicfragmentsinvisibletothenakedeye.Inthepastdecadesuch“microplastics”havebeenfoundinfoodchains,inhumanbrainsandevenintheapparentlyuntouchedsnowofAntarctica.Beingdetectabledoesnotmakesomethingdangerous.Itmightonlyshowhowgoodourinstrumentsinuseare.Totacklethepollution,thebestapproachisnottobanplastics,buttomanagethemmorecarefully.Betterrecyclingtechnologies,nowunderdevelopment,areonepartoftheanswer.Theproportionofplasticswhichendupbeingrecycledhasdoubledinthepasttwodecades,butitisstillonly9%.Thisisnotbecausepeopledonotcareabouttheplanet,butbecauserecyclingisharderandmorecostlythanmostpeoplerealise.Greateruseshouldthereforebemadeoflandfill.Whenproperlymanagedandwellmonitored,thisisfarlessenvironmentallyruinousthanoftenbelieved,andcanbesimplerandmoreeffectivethanineffectiverecycling.Incinerators(焚烧),whichgenerateenergyandcapturecarbon,thoughunpopular,areausefuloptiontoo.Regardingplastics,thebenefitsareverymuchgreaterthanmostpeoplewillallow—andsoisthepotentialformanagingthecosts.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disregards”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Ignores. B.Emphasizes. C.Minimizes. D.Uncovers.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutplasticsfromthepassage?A.Theirmainuseisforpackaging.B.Theycontributetowildlifeprotection.C.Theirpotentialharmsarestillunnoticed.D.Theyarenotdangerousforbeingdetectable.23.Aboutplasticpollutionmanagement,theauthoris________.A.infavorofimprovedmanagementB.supportiveofacompletebanonplasticsC.contentthatlandfillistheeffectivesolutionD.optimisticthatrecyclingwillsolvetheproblem24.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Microplasticsposehiddenthreatstoecosystemsandhumans.B.Plasticsneedurgentsolutionsforsevereenvironmentalharm.C.ThebenefitsofPlasticfaroutweighdrawbacksdespitechallenges.D.Effectivewastemanagementiscentraltoreducingplasticpollution.7.（2026·安徽马鞍山·一模）EversincetheUS-basedNationalBiscuitCompanylaunchedthefirstbrandedconsumerpackagein1899—puttingitsUneedasodacrackers(苏打饼干)inpaperinsideacardboardbox—brandshaveseenpackagingasamarketingtool.Fromthe1950sonwards,ascompaniesincreasinglyswitchedtousingplastic,competitionintensifiedandpackagingbecamethebestwaytosignaladistinctidentity.Butasbrandsaddedagrowingvarietyofpigments(色素),materials,andothercomplexities,thealreadyunstableeconomicsofplasticsrecyclingcollapsed.Just10percentofplasticpackagingisrecycledglobally.Meanwhile,reusablepackagingremainslimited.Standardizationcoulddramaticallyimprovethings.Ifproductcategoriesfolloweduniformguidelinesforplastictype,color,labelsandglues,recyclerscouldcheaplyrecoverfarmorematerials.Thiscouldfinallymakerecyclingeconomicallypracticalandhelpachievethedreamof“circularity”,inwhichanewforbottleismadefromanoldone.Thecaseforstandardizedreusesystemsisequallypersuasive.Today,thefewbrandsexperimentingwithreusemostlyusedifferentcontainers.Theseneedindividualreturnpointsalongsidecustomwashingequipmentandqualitychecks,whichincreaseexpenseandcomplexitywhilereducingconvenience.Reusesystemsbasedonstandardizedpackagingandsharedinfrastructure(基础设施)couldcapture40percentofthemarket,comparedwith2percentunderanon-standardizedapproach,accordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation.Admittedly,itishardtoimaginerivalslikeProcter&GambleandUnilevervoluntarilyagreeingtoputtheirshampoointhesame-coloredbottles.Butasdatamountsaboutthebillionsofdollarslosteachyearfromsingle-useplasticsthatareburnedorlandfilled—andresearchrevealsmoreaboutthehealthriskslinkedtothousandsofpoorlystudiedchemicalsinplastics—brandsmayfindtheircornerishardertodefend.Legally,itcouldbearguedthatthedamagecausedbycustompackagingoutweighsanyharmscausedtobrandsfromstandardizedcontainers.Similarplasticbottleswon’tsolveeverything,ofcourse.Butsuchchangesincreasinglylooklikegoodbusinesssense.Withoutthem,trulycircularpackagingremainsadistantdream.25.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueatthebeginningofthetext?A.Byanalyzingfigures. B.Bydefiningaconcept. C.Bytellingthehistory. D.Bymakingcomparisons.26.Whatbenefitcouldreusesystemsinfromstandardizedpackaging?A.Expandingthemarketshare. B.Increasingthecomplexity.C.Boostingtheconsumerappeal. D.Winningeconomicsupport.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthebrandsmentionedinparagraph5?A.Theyspendsomuchinrecycling. B.Theyfacemultiplepressures.C.Theyworkinclosecollaboration. D.Theyfollowthefashionclosely.28.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SolutionstoPlasticWaste B.CostsofPlasticProductionC.CarefulDesign,RegularCustomer D.SharedDesign,CyclicFuture8.（2026·山东青岛·一模）Risewiththesunandrestatsunset—hiswasthewayoflifeforourancestors.Thankstoartificiallight,whichimprovesvisibilityatnight,wecanenjoyamuchsafersocietyandaround-the-clockproductivity.Forwildlife,however,studieshaveshownitdisturbsanimals’naturalsleepcycles,affectsamphibian(两栖类的)reproductionandthrowsmigratingbirdsoffcourse.NewresearchinFrontiersinPlantScienceinvestigatedhowartificiallightimpactsplant-insectrelationships.ResearchersfromChineseAcademyofSciencesnoticedtreeleavesincitiestypicallyshowedfewersignsofinsectdamagethanthoseoutsideofcities,sotheyanalyzed5,500leafsamplesfromtwotreespeciesthroughoutBeijing.Researchersfoundmoreartificiallightinagivenareameanttougherleaves.Andthetoughertheleaf,thelessevidenceofhungryinsects.Theydon’tfullyunderstandwhy,butassumethattreesunderartificiallightatnightmightbeextendingtheirphotosynthesis(光合作用)time.“Plantsdistributetheirlimitedresources,suchasnutrients,waterandenergy,amongvariousfunctionslikegrowth,reproductionanddefense,dependingontheenvironment.Lightcanaffecthowplantsuseresources,”saysEllenCieraad,aplantecologistfromNewZealand.“Sinceplantsuselightforgrowth,artificialnightlightcouldbeunnaturallyincreasingthetimetreesspendonphotosynthesis,allocatingmoreresourcestochemicalcompoundsthatmakeleavestougher.”Changesinplants,andininteractionsbetweenplantsandanimals,cansignificantlyimpacttheentireurbanecosystem.Herbivorousinsects,whichrelyonleavesforfood,maystruggletosurvive,thusbreakingthefoodchain.Fewerherbivorousinsectscouldleadtodeclinesinpredatorslikebirds,affectingbiodiversity.Insectsalsoactaspollinators(传粉媒介)andeatdyingplants,supportinghealthysoilandplantlifethatbenefithumans,asplantsprovideshadeandreduceheattrappedincities.Movingforward,researchersarecommittedtorefiningtheirdiscovery,aimingtoguidepeopletotakecorrespondingactions.Theywillcooperatewithurbanplannerstotakeeffectivemeasures,likeapplyingspecialdevicestolights,toestablishpracticalguidelinesforcitiestobalancelightingandecologicalhealth.29.Whatinfluencedoesartificiallightbringaccordingtothetext?A.Ithardenstreeleaves.B.Itshortensanimals’sleephours.C.Itlightsupbirds’migratingroutes.D.Itincreasesamphibianreproductionrates.30.WhyisEllenCieraadquotedinparagraph3?A.Toraiseaconcern.B.Tointroduceaconcept.C.Tosupportanassumption.D.Toclarifyamisunderstanding.31.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthephenomenoninparagraph4?A.Timehealsallwounds.B.Naturealwaysfindsaway.C.Achainisasstrongasitsweakestlink.D.Asmallmovemayaffectthebiggerpicture.32.Whatwillthefollowingresearchprobablyfocuson?A.Enhancingsoilquality.B.Improvingurbanbiodiversity.C.Selectingplantspeciesincities.D.Reducingimpactsofnighttimelight.9.（2026·广东华侨港澳台·一模）Yesterday,attheNationalTrust’sPurbeckHeathsnaturereserve,fourbeaverswerereleasedfromcratesandcrawledintoLittleSea,a33-hectare(81-acre)lake—thefirsttobelegallyreleasedinEnglandaftera400-yearabsenceandafighttoreturnthemtothelandscape.Thetrustsaysthisistheperfecthabitatforthemtoroamfree,withnofencedenclosures,fulloflakesandwatercoursesforthebeavers(海狸)tomaketheirhome.Thetrusthaspermissiontorelease25onthepeninsula(半岛)butisstartingwithfourandthenmakingmorereleasesincomingyearsifthisonegoeswell.Untilabout20yearsago,therodent(啮齿动物)hadbeenextinctinBritainforfourcenturies,havingbeenhuntedforitsfur,meatandscentoil.Butinrecentyears,beavershavebeenreturningtoourwaterwaysvialicensedreleasesintoenclosuresandsomeillegalreleases.Thereareanestimated500inthewildinEngland.Lastweek,thegovernmentannouncedthat,withalicense,itisnowlegalforconservationists(自然保护主义者)toreleasebeaversintothewild,withnoenclosuresnecessary.“Theproblemwithenclosuresistheyareonlyreallyashort-termsolution,asafteracoupleofyearsthebeavershaveneedtomaketheirownterritories,andthere’snospaceforthemtogo.”saidDavidBrown,theNationalTrust’snaturedirectoratPurbeck.Conservationistshavebeencampaigningforthereturnofthebeaverfordecadesbecauseitisakeystonespecies,whosepresenceallowsothercreaturestothrive.Thisisbecausebeaverscreatecomplexwetlandhabitatsbydiggingchannelsandpoolsandconstructingleakydams.Theirdamsalsofilterpollution,helpingtocleanuprivers,andcanpreventfloodingaswellasdrought.Thetrusthasworkedwithlocalfarmersandlandownerstoensurethebeaversdonotcauseunwanteddisruption.Purbeckhopesitwillspuryear-roundnaturetourismaspeoplecometoseethebeaversandthehabitattheycreate.“Wehavebeenseeingashiftawayfrombucket-and-spadetourismtonaturetourism,andthatismoresustainable,”Brownsaid.Thenatureminister,MaryCreagh,wastheretowatchtherelease.Shesaid:“Iamthrilledthat,afterbeinghuntedtoextinctioncenturiesago,wildbeaversarefinallyheretostay.Todayisanimportantmilestonefornationalnaturerecovery.”33.Whatisthecurrentpl