2025届广东省中山中山纪念中学高三高考适应性测试（二）英语试题（含答案）

第第页2025届广东省中山中山纪念中学高三高考适应性测试（二）英语试题一、ATheCommunityGardenProgram(CGP)engagesteenagersinenvironmentalconservationthroughhands-onactivitiestoempowerthemasenvironmentallyawarecitizens.Participantswillteamuptoplantvegetables,maintaingreenspaces,andlearnsustainablepractices.RequirementsforParticipation-Age&Commitment:Opentostudentsaged12-18.Aminimumof15weeklytwo-hoursessionsisrequired.-Materials:Bringgardeninggloves,reusablewaterbottles,andweather-appropriateclothing.Toolsandtrainingareprovided.-Tasks:Activitiesincludesoilpreparation,composting(堆肥),plantingnativespecies,andorganizingcommunityworkshopsonsustainability.RegistrationProcess1.Sign-Up:Submitanonlineformindicatingyourinterestandavailability.2.Orientation:AttendawelcomesessiononthefirstSaturdayoftheterm.3.Confirmation:ParticipantsreceiveaconfirmationemailwithauniqueIDafterpassingabriefenvironmentalawarenessquiz.KeyReminders-Registrationdoesnotguaranteeplacementduetolimitedslots(名额)。-Participantsmustcompleteafinalreflectionreportandpresenttheirprojectoutcomesatacommunityevent.Benefits-Earnacertificaterecognizedbylocalenvironmentalorganizations.-Developpracticalskillsingardeningandteamwork.-Contributetourbanbiodiversityandcommunitywell-being.1．WhatisthefocusoftheCGP?A．Gardeningskills. B．Environmentalresearch.C．Eco-consciousresponsibility. D．Communityteamevents.2．WhatisrequiredforCGPparticipants?A．Beingover18yearsold. B．Beinginforatleast15hours.C．Bringingsomegardeningtools. D．Arranginggreenworkshops.3．Whatcanwelearnabouttheregistration?A．Apaperapplicationformshouldbesubmitted.B．Acceptancedependsongettingthroughaquiz.C．Everyapplicantwillautomaticallygetaplacement.D．Formercontributiontourbanbiodiversityisessential.二、BMyfingerstrembledasIsignedthepre-medicalapplicationform.Thewatercolorbrushesonmydeskstaredbackatmelikeabandonedfriends.I'mLora,an18-year-oldwhosecretlydrewbraindiagramsonnapkinswhileclassmatesdrewcartoons."Artfeedsthesoulbutstarvesthebody,"Momalwayssaid.Herwordshauntedmeasmybiologytextbooksslowlyburiedmydrawingpads.Thencametheschoolcareerfairthatchangedeverything.Dr.EleanorWhitmanfromHarvardaskedustolistour"hiddenskills".MyhandshookasIwrote"observingdetails"—somethingI'dlearnedfrompaintingflowerpetals."That'smedicalresearch'smostneededskill!"sheexclaimed,sharinghowastudentturnedmicrobiologynotesintotextbookillustrations.Mylabpartnerwhispered,"Rememberourphotosynthesis(光合作用)comic?"Forthefirsttime,mytwoworldsdidn'tfeelsoseparate.Therealsurprisecameduringhospitalvolunteering.Watchingsurgeries,Inoticedsomething—thesteadyhandsofdoctorsremindedmeofmybrushwork.Whenaboystruggledtodescribehispain,Idrewafire-breathingdragononhiscast."Youmademedicinespeak,"thenursesaid.Slowly,mydrawingpadsfilledwithcellsthatlookedlikecolored-glassartandX-raysarrangedlikeabstractpaintings.Mr.Dawson,ourcareercounselor,helpedconnectthesedots.Onhiswhiteboard,mymedicalknowledgeandartskillsoverlappedinabrightyellowcirclelabeled"MedicalIllustration".HeshowedmejoblistingsIneverknewexisted—graphicdesignersforscienceapps,3Dmodelersforanatomy(解剖)classes."Your‘impractical'skillmakesyoustandout,"hesaid,pointingtomydragondrawingnowusedinpainmanagementworkshops.Today,mymicroscopeandpaintbrushessharethesamedesk.Thesamehandsthatoncehesitatedbetweenthemnowcreate3Dmodelsofvirusesforvaccineeducation.SometimesIteachyoungpatientstodrawtheirfeelingsinsteadofdescribingthem.Mystoryisn'taboutheartandrealitycancelingeachotherout—theyjustmultiplypossibilities.4．WhatcanbeinferredaboutLorafromparagraph1?A．Shehadgivenupthehobbyofdrawing.B．Shewasexcitedaboutstudyingmedicine.C．Shefelttornbetweenartandmedicalstudy.D．Sheregrettednotpracticingpaintingearlier.5．Dr.EleanorthoughtofLora's"hiddenskills"as______.A．aplus. B．aleisure. C．adistraction. D．aburden.6．HowdidLora'shospitalexperienceinfluenceher?A．Ithelpeddevelophersurgicalskills.B．Itdirectedhertowarddoctortraining.C．Itboostedherenthusiasmforabstractart.D．Itconvincedherofart'sroleinhealthcare.7．Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A．Followthebeatentracktosuccess.B．Apictureisworthathousandwords.C．Don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket.D．Twostringstoyourbowlighttheway.三、CWhydoweyawn(打哈欠)?Thisstrangethingpeopledowhentheyfeeltiredorboredisactuallypuzzling.Yawningcanbeincrediblyeasyto"catch"—whenyouseeotherpeopleyawning,youmayoftenfindyourselfwantingtoyawn,too.Evenreadingaboutyawningcanmakeyouyawn.AndrewGallup,ayawnexpertfromtheStateUniversityofNewYorkPolytechnicInstitute,explainsthatanaturalyawnhasnothingtodowithboostingoxygenlevels.Instead,itmaymakeyoufeelmoreawakeandseemstobecausedbyrisesinbraintemperature.Onestudy,fromBaylorUniversity,suggeststhatcatchingayawnisallaboutempathy(共情)—theabilitytofeeltheemotionsofothers.Thestudyshowsthatpeoplewhostruggletoempathizewithothersarelesslikelytofindayawncatching.It'snotjusthumanswhoyawn,though.Scientistshavestudiedthebehaviourinchimps(黑猩猩),wolves,sheep,seaanimalsandpetdogs.Doanimalsfeelempathytoo?AstudyoflionsinSouthAfricafoundthatafteryawning,theywouldsynchronizetheirmovements.Thisshowsthatagapingmouthcouldbeawayforthebigcatstofeeleachother'sfeelings,whichisparticularlyimportantforhighlysocialspeciessuchaslions.Bycopyingeachother,yawningmayactuallyincreasetheawarenessofagroupasawhole.Gallupsaysthatthisbehaviourmighthavedevelopedtokeepgroupsofhumanssafe.Seeingapersonyawningmightthereforecauseanobservertopaymoreattention.Gallupconductedastudytotestthistheory.Heshowedanumberofpeoplepicturesofsnakes,whichareseenasathreat,andfrogs,whicharenot,beforeandaftertheyhadwatchedavideoofothersyawning.Whilewatchingthevideodidn'taffecttheirabilitytospotthenon-threateningfrogs,theyweremuchbetteratspottingthreateningsnakesafterwatchingothersyawn.Sothenexttimesomeoneyawns,don'tassumeit'sbecausethey'rebored.Ayawncanmeanmanythings,fromshowingempathytocommunicatingwithothers,orevenprotectingthemfromdanger.8．WhatisthefindingoftheBaylorUniversitystudy?A．Peoplecanbuildempathywiththehelpofyawning.B．Naturalyawningmainlyhelpsincreaseoxygenlevels.C．Peoplewithlowempathyarelesslikelytocatchayawn.D．Yawningcancausebraintemperaturetorisesignificantly.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"synchronizetheirmovements"inparagraph3mean?A．Performactionsinharmony. B．Runindifferentdirections.C．Copyeachother'semotions. D．Moveupanddownrandomly.10．WhatcanweinferaboutyawningfromGallup'sstudy?A．Itcouldreduceourcapacitytomaintainattention.B．Itmayhelpimproveourabilitytorecognizethreats.C．Itcanmakeuslesssensitivetonon-threateningitems.D．Itmightgetustobemoreawareofoursurroundings.11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toexplainthephenomenonofyawning.B．Tocompareyawninginhumansandanimals.C．Todescribetheculturalsignificanceofyawning.D．Toexploreimpactsofyawningonsocialbehaviour.四、DIfyourin-boxiscurrentlyreportingunreadmessagesinthehundredsorthousands,youmighthaveahardtimebelievingthenews:e-mailisonthedecline.Atfirstthought,thatmightseemtobethecase.Theincominggeneration,afterall,doesn'tdoe-mail.Oh,theymighthaveanaccount.Theyuseitonlyaswewoulduseafaxmachine:asameanstocommunicatewithold-schoolfolksliketheirparentsortofulfillthesign-uprequirementsofWebsites.Theyrarelycheckit,though.Today'sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,moreconcentrated,moreefficient.Theygowithoutthesalutation(称呼语)andthesignoff(签收);wealreadyknowthe"to"and"from."Manycorporationsaremovingtomessagingnetworksforexactlythatreason:moresignal,lessnoiseandlesstime.Thistrendisfurtherevidencethatstore-and-forwardsystemssuchase-mailandvoicemailareoutdated.Insteadofmyleavingyoualengthymessagethatyoupickuplater,Icannowsendyouaneasily-readmessagethatyoucanread—andrespondto—onthego.Thecomingofthemobileeraisresponsibleforthedeclineofe-mail.Instantwrittenmessagesbringgreatconvincetopeople.Theycandealwiththemataboutanytime:beforeamovie,inataxi,waitingforlunch.Andbecausethesemessagesareverybrief,they'resuitableforsmartphonetyping.Doesthismeane-mailisonitswaytothedustbinofdigitalhistory?Notnecessarily.E-mailstillhascertainadvantages.Ontheotherhand,tweetsandtextsfeelephemeral—youreadthem,thenthey'regone,intoanendlessstring,e-mailstillfeelslikesomethingyouhaveandthatyoucanfile,searchandreturntolater.It'seasytoimaginethatitwillcontinuetofeelmoreappropriateforformalcommunications:agreements,importantnews,longerexplanations.So,e-mailwon'tgoawaycompletely.Remember,we'vebeenthroughatransition(过度)likethisnotsolongago:whene-mailwasontherise,peoplesaidthatpostalmailwasdead.That'snothowitworks.Postalmailfounditssmallermarket,andsowille-mail.Newtechnologyrarelyreplacesoldonecompletely;itjustaddsnewalternatives.12．Whatwouldtheincominggenerationliketodowiththeire-mailaccounts?A．Checkbankaccounts. B．Sendlongmessages.C．Fillinsomeforms. D．Communicatewiththeircolleagues.13．Whichofthefollowingismainlydiscussedinparagraphs3and4?A．Thepossiblereasonsbehindthedeclineofe-mailB．ThelikesanddislikesoftheyounggenerationC．Therapiddevelopmentofe-communicationchannelsD．Evidenceabouttheuncertainfutureofeasily-consumedmessages14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ephemeral"inparagraph5mean?A．Automatically-sending. B．Randomly-written.C．Hardly-recognized. D．Shortly-appearing.15．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．It'stooearlytodeterminethedeclineofe-mail.B．E-mailhasreasonstoexistwithitsownadvantages.C．E-mail,justlikepostalmailhascometoitsend.D．Weshouldfeelsorryforthedeclineofe-mail.五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。Procrastination(拖延症)canbeawayofavoidingnegativeemotionsassociatedwithatask.Thesecouldbeguiltfromworkingonsomethingthatisn't"worthit",orfrustrationfromworkingonsomething.Certainpersonalitytraitslikeperfectionismoratendencytothinkaboutunhelpfulthingscanalsocontributetoprocrastination.16．Herearewaystostopprocrastinationandovercomeit.Setdailygoals.Everydayshouldbealittlebitmoresuccessfulthanthedaybefore.Setyourselfsmalldailygoalstoguideyoutowardyourlargerandmoreaspirationalgoals.Forexample,ifyourgoalistowriteabook,setadailygoalofwritingasinglepage.17．Theyalsoprovideasmallrewardforcompletingthem,andtheyprovideasenseofprogressthatcanfeelverysatisfyingandmotivating.18．.Tryyourbesttocreateanenvironmentthatencouragesandcultivatesyourwork.Themostproductivepeopleinhistoryhavealwaysbeenthosewhohavesomemethodofriddingthemselvesofexcessanxietyandstress.Studiessuggestthatincreasedmentalclarityhasbeenshowntoimprovealmosteveryaspectofproductivity.19．.Stoptheprocrastinatinghabit.Peopleprocrastinatefordifferentreasons.Somefinditoverwhelmingtodealwithsignificantlifechallengesorsignificantlifechanges.Procrastinationcanoftenbeawayofcopingwiththesechallengesbygivingthema"later"date.20．.Onceyouunderstandwhyyouprocrastinate,youcantakestepstoovercomeit.A.MakeYourTaskMoreEnjoyable.B.EstablishanEnvironmentthatNurturesWork.C.Forexample,listeningtomusicorreadingabookcanhelpclearyourmind.D.Itcanalsobeduetolowenergy,lackofambition,andsometimes,evenlaziness.E.Dailygoalscanhelpreduceprocrastinationbecausetheyareclearandeasytosee.F.Bysettingsmallgoals,youcangraduallybuildupyourconfidenceandmotivation.G.Thekeyistoidentifytherootcauseofyourprocrastination,sothatyoucanaddressithead-on.六、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AstemperaturesrisethroughoutChina,farmershavelaunchedthespringplowingseason,anessentialpartofthecountry'sagriculturalcalendar.Springplowing,knownaschungenginChinese,21．(set)thefoundationfortheyear'sgrainproduction.IntheNorthChinaPlain,22．wheatisamajorcrop,farmershavebeenbusypreparingthesoil,carefullytestedandcertifiedbylocalagriculturalstations,23．agoodharvest.Meanwhile,insouthernprovinces,farmersaretransplantingyoungplantsintowaterloggedfields.Recently,Chineseauthoritieshave24．(steady)promotedthedevelopmentofnew-qualityproductiveforcesinagriculture,targetingsmartagricultureasatechnologicalbreakthroughtoenhanceefficiencyinfarming.OnegoodexampleisHenan's"Central-ChinaAgriculturalValley"project,which25．(equip)withmonitoringstationsandsatellites.Itconstantlycollectsdatarelatedtograingrowth26．sendsittoananalyticsystem,providingtimely27．(guide)forfarmers.TheChineseareholdingfirmlyonto28．(they)ricebowlsandbehindthis,agriculturaltechnologyisplayinganincreasinglyimportantrole.Technologicalcontributionsnowrepresent29．notable60%ofagriculturalgrowthin2023.SongLili,aresearcherwiththeChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,toldXinhua."With30．(limit)farmland,innovationisvitaltoensurestablegrainproduction."七、第一节（满分15分）31．假定你是李华，你看到《中国日报》"印象中国"英文作品征集的信息，请给交换生Susan写一封邮件，向她推荐这个活动。内容包括：1.活动简介；2.鼓励参加。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearSusan,Ihavesomeexcitingnewstosharewithyou.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍社区花园项目（CGP），该项目通过实践活动让青少年参与环境保护，培养其环保意识。文中说明了参与该项目的要求（年龄与投入时间、所需材料、任务内容）、注册流程（报名、参加迎新会、通过测试后确认）、关键提醒（名额有限、需完成最终反思报告并在社区活动展示项目成果）以及参与该项目可获得的益处（获得当地环保组织认可的证书、培养园艺与团队合作等实用技能、为城市生物多样性和社区福祉做贡献）。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"TheCommunityGardenProgram(CGP)engagesteenagersinenvironmentalconservationthroughhands-onactivitiestoempowerthemasenvironmentallyawarecitizens.Participantswillteamuptoplantvegetables,maintaingreenspaces,andlearnsustainablepractices."社区花园计划（CGP）通过动手活动让青少年参与环境保护，使他们成为具有环保意识的公民。参与者将组队种植蔬菜，维护绿地，并学习可持续发展的做法。可知，CGP的重点是生态责任。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据RequirementsforParticipation部分中的"-Tasks:Activitiesincludesoilpreparation,composting(堆肥),plantingnativespecies,andorganizingcommunityworkshopsonsustainability."-任务：活动包括准备土壤，堆肥，种植本地物种，组织可持续发展社区讲习班。可知，CGP参与者需要组织可持续发展社区讲习班。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据RegistrationProcess部分中的"3.Confirmation:ParticipantsreceiveaconfirmationemailwithauniqueIDafterpassingabriefenvironmentalawarenessquiz."确认：参与者在通过一个简短的环保意识测试后，会收到一封带有唯一ID的确认邮件。可知，接受与否取决于能否通过测试。故选B。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lora如何将看似不相关的艺术技能与医学追求相结合，最终找到自己独特职业道路的故事。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。

4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"‘Artfeedsthesoulbutstarvesthebody,'Momalwayssaid.Herwordshauntedmeasmybiologytextbooksslowlyburiedmydrawingpads.""艺术滋养灵魂，但会饿肚子"妈妈总是这么说。当我的生物课本慢慢把我的画本掩埋时，她的话萦绕在我心头。可知，Lora在艺术和医学学习之间难以抉择，感到很纠结。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Dr.EleanorWhitmanfromHarvardaskedustolistour‘hiddenskills'.MyhandshookasIwrote‘observingdetails'—somethingI'dlearnedfrompaintingflowerpetals.‘That'smedicalresearch'smostneededskill!'sheexclaimed,sharinghowastudentturnedmicrobiologynotesintotextbookillustrations."哈佛大学的埃莉诺·惠特曼博士让我们列出自己的"隐藏技能"。当我写下"观察细节"时，我的手在颤抖——这是我从画花瓣中学到的。"这是医学研究最需要的技能！"她大声说道，并分享了一个学生如何将微生物学笔记变成教科书插图的故事。可知，Dr.Eleanor认为Lora的"隐藏技能"是一个优势。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Watchingsurgeries,Inoticedsomething—thesteadyhandsofdoctorsremindedmeofmybrushwork.Whenaboystruggledtodescribehispain,Idrewafire-breathingdragononhiscast.‘Youmademedicinespeak,'thenursesaid."在观看手术时，我注意到了一些事情——医生稳定的手让我想起了我的绘画技巧。当一个男孩难以描述他的疼痛时，我在他的石膏上画了一条喷火的龙。护士说："你让医学有了声音"。可推知，Lora在医院的经历让她确信艺术在医疗保健中有作用。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Today,mymicroscopeandpaintbrushessharethesamedesk.Thesamehandsthatoncehesitatedbetweenthemnowcreate3Dmodelsofvirusesforvaccineeducation.SometimesIteachyoungpatientstodrawtheirfeelingsinsteadofdescribingthem.Mystoryisn'taboutheartandrealitycancelingeachotherout—theyjustmultiplypossibilities."如今，我的显微镜和画笔共用一张桌子。曾经在它们之间犹豫不决的手，现在为疫苗教育制作病毒的3D模型。有时我教年轻的病人画出他们的感受，而不是描述它们。我的故事不是关于内心和现实相互抵消——它们只是增加了可能性。可知，本文传达了拥有两种技能（艺术和医学知识）可以照亮人生道路，带来更多可能性的信息。所以本文传达了"双管齐下，照亮道路"。故选D。【答案】8．C9．A10．B11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了人为什么会打哈欠这一有趣现象。打哈欠看似简单，实则令人费解，且具有传染性。纽约州立大学理工学院的打哈欠专家安德鲁·加洛普解释，自然打哈欠与提高氧气水平无关，可能与提升清醒度及大脑温度升高有关；贝勒大学的一项研究表明，打哈欠的传染性源于共情能力。此外，打哈欠并非人类特有，黑猩猩、狼、羊、海洋动物和宠物狗等动物也会打哈欠，南非狮子打哈欠后会同步动作，表明打哈欠可能是动物感受彼此情绪的方式，对高度社会化的物种尤为重要，还能提高群体整体意识。加洛普认为这种行为可能是为了保障人类群体安全，其研究显示观看他人打哈欠后，人们能更好地发现威胁。所以，打哈欠意义多样，不只是因为无聊。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Thestudyshowsthatpeoplewhostruggletoempathizewithothersarelesslikelytofindayawncatching."这项研究表明，难以与他人产生共情的人不太容易被别人的哈欠"传染"。可知，贝勒大学的研究发现共情能力低的人不太容易被别人的哈欠"传染"。故选C。9．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Thisshowsthatagapingmouthcouldbeawayforthebigcatstofeeleachother'sfeelings,whichisparticularlyimportantforhighlysocialspeciessuchaslions."这表明张大嘴巴可能是这些大型猫科动物感受彼此情感的一种方式，这对狮子等高度群居的物种尤为重要。可知，狮子也会感受彼此情感，会跟着张大嘴巴打哈欠，所以"AstudyoflionsinSouthAfricafoundthatafteryawning,theywouldsynchronizetheirmovements."一项对南非狮子的研究发现，在打哈欠后，它们会……，中划线部分是指有狮子打哈欠后，其它狮子也会做出同样的动作，"协调一致地执行动作"，与"erformactionsinharmony."意思一致。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Heshowedanumberofpeoplepicturesofsnakes,whichareseenasathreat,andfrogs,whicharenot,beforeandaftertheyhadwatchedavideoofothersyawning.Whilewatchingthevideodidn'taffecttheirabilitytospotthenonthreateningfrogs,theyweremuchbetteratspottingthreateningsnakesafterwatchingothersyawn."他让一些人在观看他人打哈欠的视频前后分别看被视为威胁的蛇和不被视为威胁的青蛙的图片。观看视频并没有影响他们发现无威胁的青蛙的能力，但在观看他人打哈欠的视频后，他们发现有威胁的蛇的能力大大提高了。可知，从加尔洛普的研究可以推断出打哈欠可能有助于提高我们识别威胁的能力。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Whydoweyawn(打哈欠)?Thisstrangethingpeopledowhentheyfeeltiredorboredisactuallypuzzling."我们为什么会打哈欠？人们在感到疲倦或无聊时做的这个奇怪的动作实际上令人费解；以及后文对打哈欠原因、动物打哈欠情况和打哈欠作用的介绍可知，本文的目的是解释打哈欠这一现象。故选A。【答案】12．C13．A14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了电子邮件使用量下降的现象，分析其背后的原因，并指出电子邮件不会完全消失。随着新一代人更倾向于使用短信、Facebook和Twitter消息等即时电子通讯方式，电子邮件被认为已过时，因为这些即时通讯更直接、高效。移动时代的到来使得即时书面信息给人们带来极大便利，人们可在任何时间处理简短且适合智能手机输入的信息。然而，电子邮件仍有特定优势，比如适合正式交流，可存档、搜索和回看。就像电子邮件兴起时邮政邮件并未消失一样，电子邮件也会找到自己的小市场，新技术很少会完全取代旧技术，只是增加了新的选择。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Theyuseitonlyaswewoulduseafaxmachine:asameanstocommunicatewithold-schoolfolksliketheirparentsortofulfillthesign-uprequirementsofWebsites."他们使用它就像我们使用传真机：作为一种与老派人士例如他们父母的沟通方式，或者填写网站的一些注册要求。可知，新一代人可能使用电子邮件来和老派人士交流，或者填写一些表格。故选C。13．段落大意题。根据第三段中的"Today'sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,moreconcentrated,moreefficient."今天的即时电子备忘录——如短信，Facebook和推特消息——更直接、更集中、更高效；"Thistrendisfurtherevidencethatstore-and-forwardsystemssuchase-mailandvoicemailareoutdated."这种趋势进一步证明了诸如电子邮件和语音邮件之类的储存转发系统已经过时了；以及第四段中的"Thecomingofthemobileeraisresponsibleforthedeclineofe-mail."移动时代的到来是电子邮件衰败的原因。可知，这两段主要陈述了电子邮件衰败背后可能的原因。故选A。14．词义猜测题。根据第五段中的"Ontheotherhand,tweetsandtextsfeelephemeral—youreadthem,thenthey'regone,intoanendlessstring,e-mailstillfeelslikesomethingyouhaveandthatyoucanfile,searchandreturntolater."另一方面推特和短信感觉ephemeral——你读了它们，然后它们消失了，变成了无穷无尽的字符串，而电子邮件给人的感觉仍然是你拥有的东西，你可以归档、搜索并可以稍后返回。结合句意可知，和电子邮件相比推特和短信是短暂的，它们很快会消失。可推知划线词ephemeral的意思是"短暂存在"，故选D。15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"It'seasytoimaginethatitwillcontinuetofeelmoreappropriateforformalcommunications:agreements,importantnews,longerexplanations."很容易想象，它会继续让人觉得适合使用于正式沟通：协议、重要新闻、更长的解释；以及最后一段"So,e-mailwon'tgoawaycompletely.Remember,we'vebeenthroughatransition(过度)likethisnotsolongago:whene-mailwasontherise,peoplesaidthatpostalmailwasdead.That'snothowitworks.Postalmailfounditssmallermarket,andsowille-mail.Newtechnologyrarelyreplacesoldonecompletely;itjustaddsnewalternatives."所以，电子邮件不会完全消失。记住，我们前不久才经历形同的情况：当电子邮件崛起时，人们说邮政邮件时代会过去。但事情不是这样的。邮政邮件找到了它较小的市场，电子邮件也一样。新的技术很少完全取代旧的，它只是添加了新的选择。可推知，电子邮件有它自身的优势，它的存在是有理由的。故选B。【答案】16．D；17．E；18．B；19．C；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拖延症产生的原因，并给出克服拖延症的方法。拖延症可能是为避免与任务相关的负面情绪，完美主义等特定性格特质也会导致拖延。为克服拖延症，可设定每日小目标，以此引导实现更大目标，还能带来成就感与动力；要营造鼓励工作、减轻焦虑压力的环境，提升心理清晰度以提高效率；此外，要弄清自身拖延原因，进而采取措施克服拖延习惯。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Procrastination(拖延症)canbeawayofavoidingnegativeemotionsassociatedwithatask.Thesecouldbeguiltfromworkingonsomethingthatisn't‘worthit',orfrustrationfromworkingonsomething.Certainpersonalitytraitslikeperfectionismoratendencytothinkaboutunhelpfulthingscanalsocontributetoprocrastination."拖延症可能是一种避免与任务相关的负面情绪的方式。这些情绪可能是在做一些"不值得"的事情时产生的内疚感，或者是在做一些事情时产生的挫败感。某些性格特质，如完美主义或倾向于思考无益之事，也可能导致拖延症。可推知，此处应补充其他导致拖延的因素。D.Itcanalsobeduetolowenergy,lackofambition,andsometimes,evenlaziness."也可能是由于精力不足、缺乏抱负，有时甚至是懒惰。"承接上文，符合语境，故选D。17．根据空前"Setyourselfsmalldailygoalstoguideyoutowardyourlargerandmoreaspirationalgoals.Forexample,ifyourgoalistowriteabook,setadailygoalofwritingasinglepage.(为自己设定小的每日目标，以引导你朝着更大、更有抱负的目标前进。例如，如果你的目标是写一本书，设定每天写一页的目标)"可知，选项承接上文说明设定目标的作用以及原因。故E选项"每日目标可以帮助减少拖延症，因为它们清晰易懂"符合语境。故选E。18．根据下文"Tryyourbesttocreateanenvironmentthatencouragesandcultivatesyourwork."尽力营造一个鼓励和促进你工作的环境。可知，该段围绕营造利于工作的环境展开。B.EstablishanEnvironmentthatNurturesWork."建立一个有利于工作的环境"符合语境，为本段的主旨句。故选B。19．根据空前"Studiessuggestthatincreasedmentalclarityhasbeenshowntoimprovealmosteveryaspectofproductivity."研究表明，思维清晰度的提高几乎能改善工作效率的各个方面。可知，此处承接上文，举例说明如何提高思维清晰度。C.Forexample,listeningtomusicorreadingabookcanhelpclearyourmind."例如，听音乐或看书可以帮助你理清思路"符合语境。故选C。20．根据空前"Peopleprocrastinatefordifferentreasons.Somefinditoverwhelmingtodealwithsignificantlifechallengesorsignificantlifechanges.Procrastinationcanoftenbeawayofcopingwiththesechallengesbygivingthema‘later'date."人们拖延的原因各不相同。有些人发现应对重大的生活挑战或重大的生活变化让人难以承受。拖延常常是一种通过将这些挑战推迟到"以后"来应对它们的方式；以及空后"Onceyouunderstandwhyyouprocrastinate,youcantakestepstoovercomeit."一旦你明白自己为什么拖延，你就可以采取措施克服它。可知，上文说人们拖延有不同原因，后文说一旦明白为什么拖延就能采取措施克服它，所以此处应是说关键是找出拖延症的根本原因，以便直面解决。G.Thekeyistoidentifytherootcauseofyourprocrastination,sothatyoucanaddressithead-on."关键是要找出拖延症的根本原因，这样你才能正面解决它"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。【答案】21．sets；22．where；23．for；24．steadily；25．isequipped；26．and；27．guidance；28．their；29．a；30．limited【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着中国气温上升，农民开启春耕季，春耕为全年粮食生产奠定基础。中国北方和南方农民分别开展不同的农事活动。同时，中国官方稳步推动农业新质生产力发展，以智慧农业为技术突破口提升农耕效率，如河南"中原农谷"项目借助监测站和卫星收集数据为农民提供指导。农业科技在保障中国粮食安全中发挥越来越重要的作用，在耕地有限的情况下，创新对稳定粮食生产至关重要。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，主谓一致，定语从句，介词，副词，连词，名词，代词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。21．句意：Springplowing(春耕)，在中国被称为"春耕"，为全年的粮食生产奠定了基础。set"设置"，是句子的谓语，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为Springplowing，和谓语动词set之间为主动关系，所以应用一般现在时的主动语态，谓语动词用三单形式。故填sets。22．句意：在华北平原，小麦是主要作物，农民们一直在忙着准备土壤，这些土壤都经过了当地农业站的仔细测试和认证，以期获得好收成。wheatisamajorc