2026年高考英语终极冲刺：清单01 冠词、介词和数词（抢分清单）（原卷版）

清单01冠词、介词与数词专题01冠词一、不定冠词a/an1.不定冠词a/an用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”,“a+most+形容词”表示“很……，非常……”，most在此不表示最高级含义，相当于very。Hemissesthegoldmedalinthehighjump，buthewillgetasecondchanceinthelongjump.他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。Foragreatmanymenandwomen，romancecanbeamostimportantpartofmarriage.对许多男人和女人来说，爱情是婚姻中非常重要的一部分。附录：1.抽象名词和物质名词在表示“概念”时，其前常用零冠词；但在表示具体的人或事物时变成了可数名词，需要与不定冠词连用，表示“一个、一种、一场、一阵”等。具有此用法的名词有物质名词——rain，snow，fog，wind，drink，coffee，beer，fire，paper等；抽象名词——success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，wonder，comfort，danger，shock等。2.有些不可数名词如knowledge，collection，understanding等后面加of时，前面需要用不定冠词。3.不定冠词常见的固定搭配。haveagiftfor有……的天赋getalift/ride搭便车payavisitto参观lendsbahand帮助某人asaresult因此atadistance离一段距离awasteof……的浪费be/goonadiet节食makealiving谋生asamatteroffact事实上inasense/way在某种意义上allofasudden突然haveaknowledgeof...“了解……”haveagoodunderstandingof...“对……有很好的了解”。二、定冠词the1.the+序数词表示“第……”；“the+most+多音节形容词”为多音节形容词的最高级形式，表示“最……”。It’sapitythathemissedthefirstprize.遗憾的是他错失了第一名。.ItisoneofthemostoriginalworksofimaginationintheEnglishlanguage.它是英语中最具原创性的想象作品之一。2.被演奏的西洋乐器前用the，但是球类、棋类之前却没有冠词。AsfarasIknow,helikesplayingthepianobutdoesn’tlikeplayingfootball.据我所知，他喜欢弹钢琴却不喜欢踢足球。3.用在表计量的名词前，如bythehour，bytheday，bythedozen，bythemeter等。但是如果是在抽象名词前，则不用冠词，如：byweight，bytime，bylength，bysize等。Igotpaidbytime.Tobeexact，Igotpaidbythehour.我按时间拿报酬，确切地说，我是按小时拿钱。附录：定冠词的常见固定搭配：atthemoment此刻；目前intheend最后，最终totellthetruth说实话ontheotherhand另一方面bytheway顺便说一下inthemiddleof在……中间atthesametime同时onthecontrary相反onthewhole总的来说inthedistance在远处tothepoint中肯；切题makethemost/bestof充分利用1.(2025年新课标Ⅰ卷)Goisoneof________earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.2.(2024•浙江1月高考)Then,whenyouuseonesection,________otherstaysfresh.3.(2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor________firsttime.一注意泛指还是特指如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。1.如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。2.如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。二注意固定搭配专题02介词和数词一、介词的省略1.当表示时间的词前有this，that，next，last，every，each，some，any，all等时，介词常省略。Wewatchedanexcitingfootballmatchlastweek.上周我们观看了一场激动人心的足球赛。2.表示时间的名词前有不定冠词，且不定冠词作“每一……”讲时，其前不用介词。Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.每天一个苹果，医生远离我。【易错提示】介词不可省略的问题1.在被动语态中，动词短语中的介词不能省略。2.当非谓语动词表示被动意义时，相关介词也不可省略。3.在定语从句中，当从句的谓语和先行词构成动宾关系且从句谓语为不及物动词时，必须加上介词。Thechildrenhavebeentakengoodcareofinthekindergarten.这些孩子在幼儿园里得到了很好的照顾。Theproblemiswellworthpayingattentionto.这个问题很值得关注。Thelibrarywhichweoftengotoisnotfarawayfromourschool.我们常去的那个图书馆距离我们学校不远。二、易错数词易错基数词thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十ninety九十易错序数词first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九eleventh第十一twelfth第十二易错使用(1)序数词在句中主要作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词。(2)序数词前有时加不定冠词，表示“又一、再一”，相当于another。(3)有时序数词作状语，不加冠词。Mondayistheseconddayofaweek.星期一是一周的第二天。Wouldyoulikeasecondcupoftea?你还想再来一杯茶吗？Hecameoutfirstinthecontest.他在比赛中获得第一名。附录：一些高频介词短语的固定搭配介词与名词构成的搭配at+名词ataloss不知所措；atthecostof以……的代价；atpeace处于和平状态；attheriskof冒……的危险；atwar处于战争状态；atthemercyof在……支配下；由……摆布atthesametime同时on+名词onexhibition/show/display在展出；onaccountof因为；onfire着火onaverage平均；一般地onsale出售；打折；onbehalfof代表；onholiday/vacation在度假onnoaccount/condition决不onthedecrease/increase在减少/在增加by+名词byaccident/chance偶然地;byhand手工;bymistake错误地;bytheday按天算bycoincidence碰巧;bynature天生地in+名词incash用现金付款;inchargeof掌管;indepth在深度上;inreturn作为回报;indetail详细地indanger(of)在危险中，垂危;inheight在高度上;inspiteof尽管;inlength在长度上inexchangefor作为交换;infavorof支持，赞成;innotime立刻;incaseof万一；如果；假使innoway决不;insupportof为支持……;inplaceof代替;inhonourof为向……表示敬意inpossessionof拥有，占有;inmemoryof为了纪念……;inadditionto另外outof+名词outoforder发生故障;outofbreath上气不接下气;outofsight看不见;outofcontrol失去控制outofthequestion不可能;outofdate过期;outofwork失业;outoftouch失去联系under+名词underattack遭到袭击;undertreatment在治疗中;underpressure/stress在压力下undercontrol处于控制之中;underrepair在修理中;underdiscussion在讨论中beyond+名词beyondcompare无与伦比;beyonddescription难以描述;beyondreach够不到beyondexpression/words难以表达；beyondrecognition难以辨认形容词与介词构成的搭配be+adj.+aboutbeanxiousabout为……忧虑；becuriousabout对……好奇；beparticularabout对……讲究/挑剔beworried/concernedabout对……担心be+adj.+atbeangryat因/对……生气;begoodat擅长;beastonishedat对……吃惊;bepresentat出席be+adj.+inbeabsorbedin专注于……;beactivein积极于……;bedressedin穿着……beengagedin忙于……;berichin富含……;beoccupiedin忙于……be+adj.+forbeeagerfor渴望……;befamousfor因……著名;befitfor适合，胜任……;bereadyfor准备好……;besorryfor对……感到抱歉;bepreparedfor为……做好准备be+adj.+frombeabsentfrom缺席;bedifferentfrom不同于;befarfrom远离;befreefrom不受……影响be+adj.+tobecloseto接近……；bedevotedto致力于……；beequalto等于……；胜任……；befamiliarto对……熟悉；befriendlyto对……友好；beharmfulto对……有害；bekindto对……友好；besimilarto与……相似；begratefulto对……心存感激be+adj.+ofbeawareof意识到……；befondof喜欢……；beproudof因……而自豪；beshortof缺乏……；becriticalof对……挑剔be+adj.+withbebusywith忙于……；befamiliarwith对……熟悉；becombinedwith与……结合；bepatientwith对……有耐心；bepopularwith受……欢迎；bepleasedwith对……感到满意；beangrywith(sb)对(某人)生气动词与介词构成的搭配“动词+sb.+of+sth.”结构accusesb.ofsth.指责/控告某人某事；curesb.ofsth.治好某人的某种疾病ridsb.ofsth.使某人摆脱某物；cheatsb.ofsth.骗走某人某物；remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事；robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物；warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人确信某事；suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人某事“动词+sb.+for+doingsth.”结构

blamesth.fordoingsth.指责某人做某事；scold/criticizesb.fordoingsth.批评某人做某事forgive/excuse/pardonsb.fordoingsth.原谅某人做某事；punishsb.fordoingsth.因做某事而惩罚某人；thanksb.fordoingsth.感谢某人做某事“动词+sb./sth.+from+(doing)sth.”结构prevent/stop/keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.阻止某人/物做某事protect/preserve/defend/sheltersb./sth.frombeingdone保护某人/物免于被……ban/prohibitsb./sth.fromdoingsth.禁止某人/物做某事其他常考accountfor占……(比例)；解释……(原因);actas充当；起作用;breakawayfrom脱离；逃离bringabout引起；导致；造成;callfor(去)接；需要；(公开)要求;carryout履行；实施；执行carrythrough帮助……渡过难关；成功完成；顺利实现;comeacross(偶然)遇见，碰见；发现cometoanend终止，结束;comeupwith提出;doharmto对……有害dowithout没有……也行；没有……而设法对付过去;endupwith以……结束getacross被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚;getaround传播；流传；各处走动getdownto开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事;getover解决；克服；控制getridof除去，去掉；免除，摆脱;getthrough正式通过；(用电话)接通，联系上；顺利通过(考试等)giveriseto使发生;givewayto屈服；退让；让步;goagainst违反；与……不符goinfor参加考试(或竞赛)；对某事物有兴趣，爱好;gothrough经历keepintouchwith与……保持联系;lookdownon/upon轻视；瞧不起;lookinto调查；审查makethebestof充分利用；尽力而为;bemadeupof由……组成;putupwith忍受，容忍seethrough看穿；识破;seeto照料；处理;setabout着手做;showaround/round领(某人)参观showoff炫耀；展示;takein吸入；理解，领会;takeon承担；呈现，具有;workout计算出；制定出其他固定搭配butfor要不是;insteadof代替;regardlessof不管，不顾;apartfrom除……之外upto直到；由……决定;accordingto根据;alongwith随着;togetherwith连同bymeansof用……办法；借助……;owingto因为介词省略(常和动词、名词或形容词搭配)spendsometime(in)doingsth.花费时间做某事;wastesometime(in)doingsth.浪费时间做某事havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.有困难做某事;bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事stop/prevent/keepsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事1.(2025天津高考第二次)Newmeasuresare________toimproveEnglishtranslationsinpublicplacesinChina.A.atrest B.inplace C.underpressure D.beyondreach2.(2024天津第一次)________focusingonwinningtheapprovalofothers,trytounderstandandacceptyourself.A.Becauseof B.Insteadof C.Forfearof D.Intermsof3.(2023天津第一次)DragonBoatFestivalisheld________QuYuan,awell-knownpoetinancientChina.A.inhonorof B.insearchofC.inthehopeof D.inthefaceof4.(2023天津第二次)Chinaisashiningexamplefortheglobalcommunitytofollow________developinggreenindustrytofightclimatechange.A.inadditionto B.inreturnforC.intermsof D.inagreementwith一分析句子成分如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。二记牢搭配1.注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用；2.注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with或without。时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.(2026届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模英语试题)Allthechangeswillleadto________betterNo.33HighSchool,________thatcansurpriseandinspireallthealumni.A.a,theone B.a,one C.the,one D.the,theone2.(2025-2026学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)Theemployeeyouhadbeenthinkinghighly________dishonestinhandlingthecompany’sdatasecurity.A.ofproving B.ofproved C.oftoprove D.ofbeingproved3.(2025-2026学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)Doyouknowwhatusetheymade________therecycledmaterials________buildalow-carboncommunitycenter?A.of;of B.of;to C.from;to D.to;of4.(2025-2026学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)Thecoach________thathisplayersshouldconcentratetheirattention________study.A.exchanged;onB.suggested;to C.recommended;on D.proposed;in5.(2026届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模英语试题)Whatiflaterinlifetheycometoadoorofopportunity,and________openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjuststareatitandwonder.A.inparallelwithB.insteadof C.inadditionto D.withregardto6.(2026年高考第二次模拟考试)Someexpertsthink,________genes,intelligencealsodependsonabalanceddiet,agoodeducationandanicehomeenvironment.A.insteadof B.exceptfor C.apartfrom D.farfrom7.(2026届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考冲刺练习)Expertsheldin-depthexchanges________protectingtheintangibleculturalheritageintheYellowRiverregionattheseminar.A.withrespectto B.inviewof C.intermsof D.inreturnfor8.(2026届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考冲刺练习)Muchtotheirreliefandsatisfaction,thecustomerwasrefunded________forthedefectiveproduct,asthestore’spromptactiondemonstratedtheircommitmenttocustomerservice.A.offthestage B.onthespot C.beyonddoubt D.withouthesitation二.语法填空1.(2026届河南信阳开学考)Fromsoaking,washing,boiling,bleaching(晒白)andpulping(把……化为纸浆)therawmaterialstoscreening,sunningandcutting,________singlesheetofpapertakesmorethantwoyearstomake.2.(2026届广东东莞月考)Theyoungscientistmade________remarkablediscoverythatcouldchangethewayweproduceenergy.3.(2026届广东东莞月考)As________universitystudent,youshouldknowwhatyouwantforyourfuturelifesothatyouhaveapurpose.4.(2026届河南信阳开学考)Chinesecivilization________itsthousandsofyearsofhistoryisjustlikeanoldman,remainingtoughandintelligent.5.(2026届东北三省哈尔滨师大附中等三校高三二模联考英语试卷)Whatmakesthemmeaningfulistheirsymbolicmeaningsofsuccessandprosperity,astheyrepresent________brightfutureand“achievingsuccess”whilerunningtowardnewhorizons.6.(2026届四川南充市高考适应性考试)Thefoamissostablethatitallowsforcomplicateddesignsonitssurface,________practiceknownaschabaixi—aprovincial-levelculturalheritageinFujianprovince.7.(2026届四川南充市高考适应性考试)Inthisfast-pacedera,thisancientartbreathesnewlife________ourbusylives,offeringapreciousmomentofpeaceinthechaosofmodernlife.8.(福建厦门市2026届3月高中毕业班模拟测试英语试卷)Also,thePlantPlanetProject________isexpectedtoenhanceglobalecologicalcapacityforbiodiversityconservationandcarbonneutrality,whiledevelopingnewframeworkforinternationalcollaborationonmajorscientificchallengesinplantscience.9.(2026年湖南常德市高三年级模拟考试英语试题)Byshiftingthebattleground________aweakerarea,thestrategynotonlyinterruptstheenemy’splansbutalsogainsatactical(战略的)advantagewithoutengagingindirectcombat.10.(2026年湖南常德市高三年级模拟考试英语试题)Thisstrategyprovides________valuableframeworkforaddressingchallengesindiversecontexts.11.(2026届河北盐山中学高三上学期二模英语试题)Theartofsealengraving(篆刻)isafoundationofChina’sfinearts.Ithasbeen________inseparablepartofclassicChineseart.12.(2026届河北盐山中学高三上学期二模英语试题)Eacheventchallengesparticipantstocompletedistancesrangingfivetofiftykilometers,withsomeintenselydemandingobstacles________dependingontheracecategory.13.(2026届海南海南中学等四校高三联考二模英语试题)AsNewYorkersenjoytheirfruityLuckinlattes(拿铁咖啡),fewofthemmightrealizethatthiscup’sjourneyacross________Pacifictellsastoryrichwithculturalexchange.时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.--Didyouenjoyyourselfyesterday?--Yes.Asyousaw,________partywentonin________mostpleasantatmosphere.A.the,a B.the,the C.a,the D.a,a2.________Chinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,________increasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.A.With;the B.As;the C.With;an D.As;an3.--Doyouknow________Smiths?--Yes,they’re________friendlyfamilynextdoor.A.the;a B./;a C.the;/ D./;the4.Myauntbought________18-dollarscarfyesterday,and________scarfismadeofsilk.A.a;the B.an;the C.a;an D.an;an5.Still,thechildrenremainedjoyful,andtheparentsweregratefulforthehelptheyreceived________thechallengingcircumstances.A.inspiteof B.dueto C.incaseof D.apartfrom6.Afterhavingthreeinterviews,Sarahwasanxiousbutremained________forthemarketingmanagerposition.A.inthedark B.intherunning C.ataloss D.onthespot7.Thelibraryislocated________thecornerofthestreet,________thepostofficeandthebank.A.at;between B.in;among C.on;beside D.to;near8.Thenewstadiumisnot________theoldoneintermsofseatingcapacity,butit’smuchmoremodern.A.ashalfbigasB.halfasbigasC.asbigashalfD.sobigashalf9.Thereare________peopleintheparkonweekends,and________ofthemareyoungcouples.A.thousandof;threefourth B.thousandsof;threefourthsC.thousandof;threefourths D.thousandsof;threefourth10.________ofthelandinthevillageisusedforplantingrice,andtherestisforvegetables.A.Threefifth B.Threefifths C.Thirdfive D.Thirdfifths二.单句语法填空1.Today,YunnancoffeeisoneofChina’skeyproductsshippedoverseas,________140,000tonsofbeansprod