2026年高考英语终极冲刺：清单07 文化教育和科技环境（抢分清单）（解析版）

自然环境和保护自然环境和保护115个1.agriculturen.[U]农业；农学(agriculturaladj.农业的；耕种的；农学(上)的)2.awfuladj.糟糕的；恶劣的；讨厌的;非常的，很多的;可怕的；骇人听闻的3.backwardadj.向后的；落后的4.climaten.[C]&[U]气候；气候区;[C]风气；环境气氛5.continentn.大洲6.cornn.[U]谷物；玉米7.dampadj.有湿气的；潮湿的n.[U]潮湿；湿气8.deepadj.深的;(声音)低沉的；(颜色)深的(反light);(程度)深的；深奥的;深陷的；专注的adv.在深处；深深地(deepenvt.&vi.(使)变深；加深)9.desertn.[C]&[U]沙漠；荒原vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃(abandon)(感觉、品质、技艺等)背离；舍弃(desertedadj.被舍弃的；被遗弃的；无人居住的)10.districtn.[C]区；行政区；地区11.droughtn.[C]&[U]干旱；旱灾12.environmentn.[U](与the连用)生态环境；自然环境;[C]&[U]生活环境；外界(environmentaladj.环境的；环保的;environmentallyadv.有关环境地；在环境方面地)13.externaladj.外(面)的；外部的14.frostn.[U]霜；霜冻15.herbn.[C]药草；香草16.hikevi.徒步旅行n.[C]徒步旅行17.junglen.[C]&[U]丛林；密林18.looseadj.松的；宽松的[反tight]；自由的；不严谨的vt.松开；释放(looselyadv.松散地；粗略地)19.mineraln.[C]矿物adj.矿物的；含矿物的20.oiln.油，石油21.rawadj.未煮过的；生的；[常用于名词前]未加工过的22.saltn.[U]盐vt.用盐腌制adj.(只用于名词前)咸的；含盐的23.shallowadj.浅的；肤浅的24.staten.状态；情况；国家；领土；州vt.陈述；说明(statementn.[C]声明；陈述25.transformvt.使改变；使变形；使改观(transformationn.转化；转换；变形)26.tripn.[C]旅行；出行vi.绊倒27.valleyn.[C]山谷；溪谷；流域28.volcanon.[C]火山29.windyadj.多风的；风大的30.acidn.[C]&[U]酸；酸性物质adj.酸的；酸性的31.billn.[C]账单；节目单；法案；议案；(美)钞票；纸币32.boilvt.&vi.沸腾，煮沸;vi.发33.cheapadj.便宜的；廉价的；低档的(cheaplyadv.廉价地)34.civilisation(civilization)n.[C]&[U]文明35.commercialadj.商业的；营利性的36.complexadj.复杂的；复合的n.建筑群37.contraryadj.相反的；相对的n.相反；反面；对立面38.deern.[C][单复数同形]鹿39.divisionn.[C]&[U]分；分开；分配；分裂；分歧[U]除法40.farmern.[C]农民；农场主41.floodn.[C]洪水；水灾;[C]大批；大量v.vt.&vi.(使)淹没；(使)泛滥vi.(洪水般地)涌进；涌入(floodedadj.被洪水淹没的;floodingn.[U]水灾；洪水泛滥)42.gardenn.[C](花、菜、果)园；庭园；[常用复数]公园(gardenern.[C]园丁;gardeningn.[U]园艺(学)43.giraffen.[C]长颈鹿44.integratevi.&vt.(使)结合；(使)合并(integratedadj.各部分密切协调的；综合的)45.itemn.[C]①项目②一件商品/物品③一条/一则(新闻)46.lambn.[C]羔羊；小羊；[U]羔羊肉47.massiveadj.大而重的；大规模的48.mushroomn.蘑菇vi.快速涌现，迅速发展49.nestn.巢，窝，巢穴50.parkingn.[U]停车；停车场地51.perhapsadv.也许；大概52.producevt.产生；引起;生产；创作;生育;监制；制作(电影、戏剧等)n.[U](总称)产品；(尤指)农产品53.recentlyadv.近来；最近54.relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖55.restorevt.恢复；修复56.assistantn.[C]助手；助理；店员adj.助理的，辅助的，副的(assistv.(正式用语)帮助；协助;assistancen.帮助；协助；援助)57.buttonn.[C]纽扣；按钮v.扣(纽扣)58.collectionn.(故事、诗歌、音乐等的)集子；专辑;募捐；募集的钱;收集；采集;一群(人)，一堆(东西)59.conceptn.[C]概念；观念；思想60.depressvt.[正式用语]按；压；推下;使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉;使萧条；削弱(depressedadj.抑郁的；沮丧的;depressingadj.令人沮丧的;depressionn.[C]&[U]沮丧；消沉；抑郁(症)；[C]不景气；萧条期)61.eruptvi.(火山、喷泉等)喷发；(战争、感情等)爆发；突然发生62.explorev.vi.&vt.探测；探索vt.探讨；探究63.falseadj.假的；不真实的；不正确的(反true)；人造的(artificial)64.greyadj.灰色的；(毛发)灰白的；昏暗的；苍白的65.investmentn.[U]投资；[C]投资额；投资物66.liquidn.[C]&[U]液体adj.液体的67.messn.[常用复数]①杂乱；脏乱②困境；麻烦；混乱vt.弄脏；麻烦；弄乱68.stationn.车站②站；所；台；局vt.使驻扎；派驻69.technologyn.[C]&[U]科技；技术(technologicaladj.科技的；技术的)70.tidyadj.整齐的vt.&vi.收拾；整理71.urgentadj.急迫的；迫切的；紧急的(urgentlyadv.迫切地；紧急地;urgencyn.紧急；催促；紧急的事)72.thirstyadj.口渴的；缺水的；干旱的；渴望的；渴求的73.appointmentn.[C]约会；约定；预约;[C]&[U]任命；任职；职位(appointvt.约定，指定，确定；任命，委任;appointedadj.约定的，指定的)74.basinn.[C]盆；盆地75.circusn.[C]马戏团76.damagen.[U]损害；损坏；损失vt.损害；损坏77.dominatevi.&vt.支配；控制vt.(山、塔等)高耸于；俯视78.estaten.①[C]庄园；种植园②[C][正式用语]大片私有土地③[C]&[U](常用单数)个人财产；(尤指)遗产79.exitn.[C]出口；通道；安全门;常用单数]退场；退出vi.&vt.离开；退出(电脑程序)；退场80.flowvi.(液体、气体、电等)流动；流出;流逝；流畅；流淌n.[C]&[U]流；流动81.habitatn.[C]&[U](动物)栖息地；(植物)生长地82.insectn.[C]昆虫；虫83.leafn.(pl.leaves)叶子；(纸)页，张84.magicn.[U]魔法；魔术魔力；魅力adj.魔法的；魔术的;魔力的；不可思议的85.naturaladj.大自然的，天然的;自然的，正常的;天生的(naturallyadv.自然地，当然地，天生地)86.pinkadj.粉红色的n.[U]粉红色87.pollutionn.[U]污染；污染物88.resourcen.[C]资源；物力；财力89.rollvt.&vi.使滚动；转动卷起来n.[C]卷；名单90.sailn.[C]&[U]帆;航程；航行vt.&vi.航行(于)；驾驶(船)；起航91.sharkn.[C]鲨鱼92.stadiumn.[C](pl.stadia/stadiums)体育场93.stylen.[C]&[U](文学/艺术/音乐/建筑等的)风格；文体;方式；作风;款式；流行式样;[U]风度；气派94.sweatern.[C]厚运动衫；毛衣95.runvi.&vt.跑；赛跑；流动；(使)运转；运行；操作vt.管理；经营；变成；成为vi.参加竞选n.跑；跑步;态势；趋势96.supposevt.认为；猜想;假定；假设;[表示婉转提建议或勉强同意]我看，要我说(supposingconj.假如；如果)97.accusevt.指责；控告；指控98.awareadj.意识到的；察觉到的99.cattlen.牛100.conversationn.[C]&[U]谈话；会谈101.creaturen.[C]生物；动物；人102.dirtyadj.脏的；卑鄙的103.ecologyn.[U]生态；生态学104.fingern.[C]手指；指状物vt.用手指碰触，抚摸105.generationn.[C]&[U]代；一代人;[U]产生106.harmfuladj.有害的107.landscapen.[C]风景；风景画108.mistn.[C]&[U]薄雾；雾霭(mistyadj.多雾的；模糊的)109.productn.[C]&[U]产品；制品;[C]产物；结果(productiveadj.多产的；富有成效的)110.separateadj.单独的；分开的；不同的vt.&vi.(使)分离；(使)分开vt.区分；分清;把……隔开vi.分居(separatelyadv.分别地；独立地)111.smogn.[C]&[U]烟雾；雾霾112.thundern.[U]雷；雷声；雷鸣般的响声vi.打雷；发出雷鸣般的声音113.variousadj.不同的；各种各样的(variouslyadv.各种各样地)114.weedn.[C]杂草115.airlinen.[C]航空公司例题1(2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I卷)英语真题B)Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother'sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.24.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A.Ninthgraders. B.Students'parents.C.Modernwriters. D.Fictionalcharacters.25.Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime. B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion. D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A.Mixed. B.Amazing C.Similar. D.Disturbing.27.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述九年级写作课上，教师通过调整教学方式，让学生从最初写作表现不佳到创作出优秀作品，并领悟写作能连接人心、传递人性的意义。24.D细节理解题。由第一段中的"mystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople"及”acowboy..amodern-dayJuliet"可知，这些人物是学生创作的角色，即虚构人物(fictionalcharacters)，故选D顶。25.D推理判断题。由第二段末句“writing,inandofitself,simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant”可知，学生认为写作本身不重要，即缺乏写作兴趣导致表现不佳，故选D项。26.B词义猜测题。由第三段末句"turnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart"可知，学生提交的长篇故事质量极高且情感动人，故“staggering“在此处意为“惊人的”(amazing)，故选B项。27.A主旨大意题。由末段”|walkedintoclassbelieving..demonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome”及全文教师认知转变的过程可知，作者通过教学实践获得对写作本质的新认知，体现“教学相长”(Teachingislearning)，故选A项。重点词汇1.________v.拒绝接受2.________v.包含3.________adj.多种多样的4.________v.表明5________________被理解为……6________________本身，本质上7________________给某人留下……印象8________________呈现9________________上交10________________一种的方式11________________最终收获12________________设身处地，换位思考熟词生义1.subject熟义：主题，话题；文章义：n.________派生词1.statev.陈述→________n.陈述2.necessaryadj.必要的→________n.必要性3.persuadev.劝说→________adj.有说服力的4.assignv.分派，布置→________n.(学生的)作业合成词1.heart+break=heartbreakn.________________2.work+shop=workshopn.________________3.year+book=yearbookn.________________【答案】重点单词：1.reject2.contain3.diverse4.demonstrate5beinterpretedas6inandofitself7strikesb.as8takeon9turnin10ameansof11walkawaywith12.putusinanother’sskin熟词生义:描述对象派生词：1.statement2.necessity.persuasive4.assignment合成词：1.心碎2.研讨会,研习班3.学校年刊一.阅读理解AUNICEFislaunchingtheYouthClimateActionChallenge2026,invitingyoutomakeyourvoiceheard,drivepositivechange,andwinexcitingrewards!Here’severythingyouneedtoknowtojoin:1.Eligibility(资格)Opentostudentsworldwideaged13-18(asofMay1,2026).Participationformat:Teamsof2-4students(noagerestrictionwithinthe13-18range).Individualparticipationisonlyallowedforstudentsaged13-14(noteamrequired).2.KeyTimelineRegistration(February1—April15):Completeonlineregistrationwithpersonal/teaminfo(schoolname,age,contactdetails).Submission(March1—May1):Uploadpodcasts(播客)totheofficialplatform;submita100-wordEnglishsummaryofthepodcastcontent.3.PodcastGuidelinesDuration:2-5minutes(submissionsshorterthan2minutesorlongerthan5minuteswillbedisqualified).Language:English(withoptionalEnglishsubtitlesforclarity).Contentfocus:Introduceaspecificlocalclimateissue(e.g.airpollution,waterscarcity,deforestation)withreal-lifeexamplesordata.Proposecreativeandworkablesolutions(individual,community,orschool-levelactions).Format:MP3orWAVformat;backgroundmusicisallowedbutmustnotovershadowthespeaker’svoice.4.RewardsTop10teams/individuals:A$500projectfundtocarryouttheirproposedclimateactionintheircommunity.One-on-onementor(导师)supportfromUNICEFclimateexpertsfor3months.TheirpodcastswillbefeaturedonUNICEF’sglobalyouthplatform,reachingaudiencesworldwide.Top50shortlisted(入围的)teams/individuals:OfficialUNICEFcertificationofparticipation.FreeaccesstoUNICEF’sclimateeducationonlinecourses.Formoredetailsortoregister,visittheofficialwebsite:.1.Whatisthemaximumageforstudentstoparticipateinthechallengealone?A.13. B.14. C.16. D.18.2.Whichofthefollowingisaqualifiedpodcast?A.OnewithChinesesubtitles. B.Oneaboutlocalpollution.C.Oneofmorethan5minutes. D.Oneaboutbackgroundmusic.3.WhatisonlyawardedtoaTop10winner?A.Adonationtohis/hercommunity. B.Freecoursesonclimatechange.C.Professionalmentorguidance. D.UNICEF-issuedparticipationcertification.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍联合国儿童基金会2026年青年气候行动挑战赛的参赛资格、时间、播客要求及获奖奖励等报名参赛信息。1.细节理解题。根据1.Eligibility(资格)部分中的“Individualparticipationisonlyallowedforstudentsaged13-14(noteamrequired).(仅允许13-14岁的学生单独参赛（无需组队）。)”可知，单独参加该挑战赛的学生最大年龄为14岁。故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据3.PodcastGuidelines部分中的“Contentfocus:Introduceaspecificlocalclimateissue(e.g.airpollution,waterscarcity,deforestation)withreal-lifeexamplesordata.(内容重点：结合现实案例或数据介绍一个具体的当地气候问题（如空气污染、水资源短缺、森林砍伐）。)”可知，关于当地污染的播客是符合参赛要求的。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据4.Rewards部分中的“Top10teams/individuals:One-on-onementorsupportfromUNICEFclimateexpertsfor3months.(前十名团队/个人：将获得联合国儿童基金会气候专家为期3个月的一对一导师指导。)”以及Top50shortlistedteams/individuals部分中的“OfficialUNICEFcertificationofparticipation.FreeaccesstoUNICEF’sclimateeducationonlinecourses.(获得联合国儿童基金会官方参赛认证，免费学习联合国儿童基金会的气候教育在线课程。)”可知，专业的导师指导是仅授予前十名获奖者的奖励。故选C项。BCouldyouimaginebeingableto“feel”theimagesonyourscreen?UCSBresearchershavemadethissci-fi-likeideaareality.They’vedevelopedadisplaywherepixels(像素)physicallyriseoffthesurfacewhenactivatedbylaserlight(激光).Evenourmostadvancedscreenstodayhavealimitation:they’reflat.Weneverquitefeelwhatwesee.In2021,UCSBprofessorYonVisellinvestigatedthisveryquestion:couldlightbemadetocreateasensationthatcouldbefeltthroughtouch?Hesawabreakthroughinlate2022.Asinglepixelroseupwardunderaflashoflaserlight,sendingapulse(脉冲)thatwasverymuchnoticeabletoProfessorVisell’sfingertips.Attheheartofthisinventionaretinypixels,whicharetinycellsbuiltwithathinfilmstretchedaboveasmallaircavity(腔).Whenaquickpulseoflaserlighthitsapixel,thefilmheatsup,causingthetrappedairtoexpand,makingthesurfaceswellupwardinjust2to100milliseconds,byaboutamillimeter(0.04inch).Asasightedperson,itdoesinitiallyfeellikesomethingnewandunusual.ButthemoreIthinkaboutit,themoreitfeelslikeitcouldhavethemostsignificantbenefittopeoplewhoexploretheworldthroughtouch.Thisbeginstolooklikeasortof“animatedBraille(动画盲文)”andtellsastoryinreal-time.Itcouldmakedigitallearningfasterandricherforblindusers.Touchandsighthavealwayslivedinseparatedigitalworlds.Weinputwithtouch,andconsumeoutputswithsight.Withthisnewinvention,thisseparationmayjustbenarrowing.AstheUCSBresearchersputit,somedaysoon,anythingyousee,youmayalsofeel.4.Whatmakesthenewdisplaydifferentfromthescreenstoday?A.Itsendsoutlaserlight. B.Itspixelscanexpandupward.C.Itrisesofffingertips. D.Itspulsesareunnoticeable.5.Whichaspectoftheinventionistalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Itsworkingprinciple. B.Itsdailyapplication.C.Itsobviousadvantages. D.Itspotentialchallenges.6.Whowillbenefitmostfromthenewdisplayaccordingtotheauthor?A.UCSBresearchers. B.Adventuroussightedpeople.C.Thevisuallydisabled. D.Thedigitalenthusiasts.7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheinventioninthelastparagraph?A.Itmayhelpreplacesightwithtouch. B.Itmayseparateinputfromoutput.C.Itmayhelpfeelwhatisusuallyseen. D.Itmayenlargegapsbetweensenses.【答案】4.B5.A6..C7.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新发明，这种发明可能会让人们感受到平时看到的东西。4.细节理解题。根据第一段“They’vedevelopedadisplaywherepixels(像素)physicallyriseoffthesurfacewhenactivatedbylaserlight(激光).(他们开发了一种显示屏，当像素被激光激活时，会从表面物理凸起)”以及第二段“Evenourmostadvancedscreenstodayhavealimitation:they’reflat.(即使是我们今天最先进的屏幕也有一个局限性：它们是平面的)”可知，新显示屏与如今屏幕的不同之处在于它的像素可以向上凸起。故选B项。5.主旨大意题。根据第四段“Whenaquickpulseoflaserlighthitsapixel,thefilmheatsup,causingthetrappedairtoexpand,makingthesurfaceswellupwardinjust2to100milliseconds,byaboutamillimeter(0.04inch).(当一束快速的激光脉冲击中一个像素时，薄膜会升温被困的空气膨胀，使表面在2到100毫秒内向上膨胀约1毫米(0.04英寸))”可知，本段详细介绍了新型像素的结构，以及激光照射后，薄膜加热、空气膨胀、表面隆起的完整工作流程，核心是阐述该发明的工作原理。故选A项。6.细节理解题。根据第五段“ButthemoreIthinkaboutit,themoreitfeelslikeitcouldhavethemostsignificantbenefittopeoplewhoexploretheworldthroughtouch.Thisbeginstolooklikeasortof“animatedBraille(动画盲文)”andtellsastoryinreal-time.Itcouldmakedigitallearningfasterandricherforblindusers.(但我想得越多，就越觉得它对通过触摸探索世界的人来说可能有最大的好处。这开始看起来像一种“动画盲文”，并实时告诉一个故事。它可以使盲人用户的数字学习更快、更丰富)”可知，视障人士将从这种新显示屏中获益最多。故选C项。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Withthisnewinvention,thisseparationmayjustbenarrowing.AstheUCSBresearchersputit,somedaysoon,anythingyousee,youmayalsofeel.(有了这项新发明，这种分离可能正在缩小。正如加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的研究人员所说，不久的将来，你看到的任何东西，都可能感受到)”可知，这项发明能让人触摸到平常只能看到的东西。故选C项。二.阅读理解七选五Ourconversationsdefineusandshapeusasindividuals.___1___Justasanexpertsays,“Thequalityofourconversationsisdirectlytiedtoourpersonalhappiness,andtooursocialandprofessionalsuccess.”Whileissueslikenutritionhavebecomeapublichealthpriority,weknowverylittleabouttheextraordinaryhumancapacity-conversationalabilities.___2___Westruggletoengageindialoguewithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromus.Weforgettolistentootherswhentheyspeak,whichisthebedrockofempathyandcooperation.Wegiveimproperresponseswithoutknowingit.Forthisreason,weurgentlyneedtomakeconversationalliteracyamatterofpublicinterest.Thisskillenablesustobemorereflectiveandawareofthepowerofeverydayconversation.Italsohelpsustoidentifyandavoidharmfulconversations.___3___Whenwehaveareal,face-to-faceconversationandgiveourfullattention,somethingspecialhappens.___4___Weunconsciouslycopymovementsandcoordinatewithoneanother.Researchalsoshowsthatourbrainscanbecomesynchronised(同步)duringmeaningfulconversations.Thedeepertheconversation,thestrongerthisconnectionbecomes.Youcanstartbuildingconversationalliteracytoday.___5___Engaginginagenuineconversationwillhaveahugeimpactonthesuccessanddevelopment—bothpersonalandprofessional—oftheyoungestmembersofthefamily.A.Ourbodiesnaturallyadjusttoeachother.B.Everydayconversationcomesverynaturaltous.C.Consequently,oursocialrelationshipwillimprove.D.Theycancreateordestroyoursocialrelationships.E.Thisenablesustobetterrecognizeandexpressfeelings.F.Manyofusdonotunderstandhowtohandleatoughconversation.G.Youcantryhavingfamilydinnertalkswithoutmobilephonesinsight.【答案】1D2.F3.C4.A5.G【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对话深刻影响个人与社交，而当下人们普遍缺乏对话能力。因此我们需培养对话素养，它能优化社交，而真诚的面对面交流更能拉近彼此距离。1.前文“Ourconversationsdefineusandshapeusasindividuals.(我们的交流定义并塑造了我们作为个体的特质和性格。)”指出对话塑造个体，后文提及对话质量与幸福、成功相关。D项“Theycancreateordestroyoursocialrelationships.(它们能创造也能摧毁我们的社交关系。)”中they指代conversations，承接上文对话的重要影响，逻辑连贯。故选D项。2.后文“Westruggletoengageindialoguewithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromus.Weforgettolistentootherswhentheyspeak,whichisthebedrockofempathyandcooperation.Wegiveimproperresponseswithoutknowingit.(我们很难与与自己不同的人进行对话。当我们别人讲话时，我们往往会忘记倾听，而这正是同理心和合作的基础。我们会在不知情的情况下给出不当的回答。)”列举了人们在对话中遇到的诸多问题（难以与不同的人交流、不会倾听等），F项“Manyofusdonotunderstandhowtohandleatoughconversation.(我们中的许多人并不知道如何处理棘手的对话。)”总起本段，引出下文的具体问题。故选F项。3.上文“Forthisreason,weurgentlyneedtomakeconversationalliteracyamatterofpublicinterest.Thisskillenablesustobemorereflectiveandawareofthepowerofeverydayconversation.Italsohelpsustoidentifyandavoidharmfulconversations.(因此，我们迫切需要将交流素养提升为公众关注的议题。这种技能使我们能够更加深思熟虑，并意识到日常交流的力量。它还能帮助我们识别并避免有害的对话。)”本段阐述对话素养带来的益处，C项“Consequently,oursocialrelationshipwillimprove.(因此，我们的社交关系将会得到改善。)”承接前文“避免有害对话”，进一步说明对话素养的积极结果。故选C项。4.后文“Weunconsciouslycopymovementsandcoordinatewithoneanother.(我们会不自觉地模仿动作并相互协调。)”提到“无意识模仿动作、彼此配合”，A项“Ourbodiesnaturallyadjusttoeachother.(我们的身体会自然而然地适应彼此。)”与肢体动作同步的语境高度契合，符合语境。故选A项。5.前文“Youcanstartbuildingconversationalliteracytoday.(您今天就可以开始培养对话能力了。)”建议开始培养对话素养，后文“Engaginginagenuineconversationwillhaveahugeimpactonthesuccessanddevelopment—bothpersonalandprofessional—oftheyoungestmembersofthefamily.(进行一场真诚的对话会对家庭中最年幼成员的个人发展和职业发展产生巨大的影响。)”强调家庭对话的意义，G项“Youcantryhavingfamilydinnertalkswithoutmobilephonesinsight.(你可以尝试在家庭聚餐时不要让手机出现在视线范围内进行交流。)”给出具体可行的做法，衔接上下文。故选G项。三.完形填空OgnjenKrnetiéisaranger(护林员)intheprotectedareaoftheGradacRiverGorge(峡谷)andamemberoftheGradacEnvironmentalSociety.HehasspentdecadesmakingsurethatGradac___1___thatway.Hegrewupinafamilythatprotectednaturebeforeitevenbecameaprofession.Thisfamilytraditionofresponsibleuseofnatureand___2___forestandwaterledOgnjentothejobhedoestoday—

heisthemanwhomakessuretheGradacRiverwillkeep___3___forhischildrentoenjoy.Inrecentyears,Gradachasfallenvictimtoitsown___4___.Whenmoreandmorepeoplebeganto___5___natureescapesnearcities,thegorgehasexperiencedtheentryof___6___intoitsprotectedareas:unauthorizedcamping,firesstartedwhereitis___7___,andswimmingspotscrowdedwithbathers.Despiteall___8___,thelocalcommunityremains___9___tothevisionofkeepingGradaccleanandlifeful.Theproject“NaturalMeasuresforEcologicalGradac”ispartofthecommunity’seffortto___10___thevariouschallengestheriverfaceswithsmart,nature-basedsolutions.ForOgnjenKrnetiéandlocalresidentslivingnearGradac,eachofthese___11___ismorethantypicalnatureconservation—itisawayto___12___apartoftheiridentityandfamilytradition.Itisalsoa(n)___13___forthechildrenwhorunalongtheshoresofGradactodaytobringtheirown___14___tothesamerivertomorrow,underthesamewillowtrees,and___15___say,“Youknowyoucandrinkthewaterstraightfromtheriverhere.”1.A.works B.forms C.stays D.stretches2.A.gettingonwith B.makinguseof C.keepingcontactwith D.takingcareof3.A.clean B.quiet C.calm D.colourful4.A.pollution B.responsibilities C.popularity D.location5.A.avoid B.seek C.permit D.change6.A.visitors B.animals C.opponents D.victims7.A.admired B.prohibited C.expected D.ignored8.A.disasters B.efforts C.difficulties D.possibilities9.A.addicted B.opposed C.exposed D.committed10.A.address B.analyze C.create D.record11.A.challenges B.measures C.traditions D.barriers12.A.preserve B.illustrate C.integrate D.adapt13.A.routine B.opportunity C.alternative D.way14A.workmates B.parents C.friends D.children15.A.willingly B.gently C.proudly D.simply【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.C5.B6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A11.B12.A13.B14.D15.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了护林员OgnjenKrnetić和当地社区为保护Gradac河峡谷生态环境所做的努力，这对他们而言也是传承身份与家族传统的方式。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他花了几十年时间确保Gradac河峡谷保持原样。A.works工作；B.forms形成；C.stays保持；D.stretches伸展。根据前文“OgnjenKrnetiéisaranger(护林员)intheprotectedareaoftheGradacRiverGorge(峡谷)”和“Hehasspentdecadesmakingsure”可知，OgnjenKrnetić是护林员，所以一直在确保这片区域“保持”原来的状态。故选C项。2.考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种负责任地利用自然、爱护森林和水资源的家族传统，让Ognjen走上了如今的工作岗位——他要确保Gradac河保持清澈，供他的孩子们享用。A.gettingonwith与……相处；B.makinguseof利用；C.keepingcontactwith与……保持联系；D.takingcareof照顾，爱护。根据前文“Hegrewupinafamilythatprotectednature”和“Thisfamilytraditionofresponsibleuseofnature”可推知，OgnjenKrnetié一家在保护自然，有着“爱护”森林和水资源的传统。故选D项。3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种负责任地利用自然、爱护森林和水资源的家族传统，让Ognjen走上了如今的工作岗位——他要确保Gradac河保持清澈，供他的孩子们享用。A.clean干净的，清澈的；B.quiet安静的；C.calm平静的；D.colourful多彩的。根据后文“forhischildrentoenjoy”和文章最后“say,“Youknowyoucandrinkthewaterstraightfromtheriverhere.””可知，这里是要确保河水保持清澈“干净”，才能供孩子们享用。故选A项。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：近年来，Gradac河峡谷成了自身受欢迎的“受害者”。A.pollution污染；B.responsibilities责任；C.popularity受欢迎，名气；D.location位置。根据后文“Whenmoreandmorepeoplebeganto________natureescapesnearcities”可知，越来越多的人前来，说明这里变得“受欢迎”，而这也带来了问题。故选C项。5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当越来越多的人开始在城市附近寻找自然去处时，峡谷的保护区出现了不速之客：未经许可的露营、在禁止区域生火，以及挤满游泳者的游泳点。A.avoid避免；B.seek寻找；C.permit允许；D.change改变。根据后文“natureescapesnearcities”可知，人们是在“寻找”城市附近的自然去处。故选B项。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当越来越多的人开始在城市附近寻找自然去处时，峡谷的保护区出现了不速之客：未经许可的露营、在禁止区域生火，以及挤满游泳者的游泳点。A.visitors游客；B.animals动物；C.opponents反对者；D.victims受害者。根据前文“Whenmoreandmorepeoplebeganto________

natureescapesnearcities”和后文“unauthorizedcamping,firesstartedwhereitis________,andswimmingspotscrowdedwithbathers”可知，这些都是前来的“游客”带来的问题。故选A项。7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当越来越多的人开始在城市附近寻找自然去处时，峡谷的保护区出现了不速之客：未经许可的露营、在禁止区域生火，以及挤满游泳者的游泳点。A.admired受赞赏的；B.prohibited被禁止的；C.expected预期的；D.ignored被忽视的。根据前文“unauthorizedcamping”以及“firesstartedwhereitis”可推知，这些人在未经许可的地方露营，在“禁止”生火的地方生火。故选B项。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临所有这些困难，当地社区仍然致力于保持Gradac河峡谷干净、充满生机的愿景。A.disasters灾难；B.efforts努力；C.difficulties困难；D.possibilities可能性。根据前文提到的“unauthorizedcamping,firesstartedwhereitis________,andswimmingspotscrowdedwithbathers”可知，这些都是当地面临的“困难”。故选C项。9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临所有这些困难，当地社区仍然致力于保持Gradac河峡谷干净、充满生机的愿景。A.addicted上瘾的；B.opposed反对的；C.exposed暴露的；D.committed坚定的，致力于。根据前文“Despite”和后文“tothevisionofkeepingGradaccleanandlifeful.Theproject“NaturalMeasuresforEcologicalGradac”ispartofthecommunity’seffort”可知，前后文有转折关系，尽管面临诸多困难，但社区仍“致力于”保持河峡谷的愿景，并采取了实际行动；becommittedto意为“致力于”。故选D项。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Gradac河生态自然措施”项目是社区努力的一部分，旨在用聪明的、基于自然的解决方案应对河流面临的各种挑战。A.address处理，应对；B.analyze分析；C.create创造；D.record记录。根据前文“Theproject“NaturalMeasuresforEcologicalGradac”ispartofthecommunity’seffort”和后文“thevariouschallengestheriverfaceswithsmart,nature-basedsolutions”可知，Gradac河生态自然措施项目是为了“应对”挑战。故选A项。11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于OgnjenKrnetić和住在Gradac河附近的当地居民来说，这些措施中的每一项都不仅仅是典型的自然保护——这是一种保存他们身份和家族传统一部分的方式。A.challenges挑战；B.measures措施；C.traditions传统；D.barriers障碍。根据前文“Theproject“NaturalMeasuresforEcologicalGradac”ispartofthecommunity’seffort”和“withsmart,nature-basedsolutions”可知，这里指这些保护“措施”。故选B项。12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于OgnjenKrnetić和住在Gradac河附近的当地居民来说，这些措施中的每一项都不仅仅是典型的自然保护——这是一种保存他们身份和家族传统一部分的方式。A.preserve保存，保留；B.illustrate说明；C.integrate整合；D.adapt适应。根据后文“apartoftheiridentityandfamilytradition”可知，这些措施也是“保存”身份和家族传统的方式。故选A项。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个机会，让如今沿着Gradac河岸边奔跑的孩子们，将来能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河，在同样的柳树下，自豪地说：“你知道吗，这里的河水可以直接喝。”A.routine常规；B.opportunity机会；C.alternative选择；D.way方式。根据后文“forthechildrenwhorunalongtheshoresofGradactodaytobringtheirown________tothesamerivertomorrow”可知，这是给今天的孩子们的一个传承的“机会”，让他们以后能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河。故选B项。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个机会，让如今沿着Gradac河岸边奔跑的孩子们，将来能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河，在同样的柳树下，自豪地说：“你知道吗，这里的河水可以直接喝。”A.workmates同事；B.parents父母；C.friends朋友；D.children孩子。根据前文“bringtheirown”可知，这里指今天的孩子们长大后带着自己的“孩子”来。故选D项。15.考查副词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个机会，让如今沿着Gradac河岸边奔跑的孩子们，将来能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河，在同样的柳树下，自豪地说：“你知道吗，这里的河水可以直接喝。”A.willingly愿意地；B.gently温柔地；C.proudly自豪地；D.simply简单地。根据前文“say,“Youknowyoucandrinkthewaterstraightfromtheriverhere.””可知，能拥有这样干净的河水，值得在自己孩子面前“自豪地”炫耀。故选C项。四.语法填空AtthePandaPalaceinTamanSafariIndonesia,30-year-oldNuraenKartikawasbusyholdingherlivelydaughter,whoran___1___(excited)aroundtheareaafterseeingpandas,theiconicanimalsnative___2___China.ItwasthefirsttimeforKartikatoseepandasupclose,asshehadonlywatchedtheminonlinevideosbefore.Yet,hervisitturnedouttobemorethanjustanencounterwiththe___3___(adore)creatures;itwasalsoaculturalexperience.ThePandaPalaceisoneofthemostpopularattractionsinTamanSafariIndonesia.___4___(design)withablend(融合)ofnaturallandscapeandChinesearchitecturalaesthetics,thecomplexfeaturescurvedroofs,redpillars,andbeautifuldecorations___5___reflectclassicalChinesestyle.ThePandaPalace___6___(it)isuniquelydesignedtoshowcasethebeautyoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.Informativeboardsaboutpandasandtheirhabitat___7___(display)inbothIndonesianandChinese,alongsidephotosanddrawingsoffamousChineselandmarkssuchastheGreatWallandtheTempleofHeaven,___8___(give)visitorsthefeelingofbeingtransportedtoChina.For