2020年下半年北京市医护英语水平考试METS听力考试真题练习及答案

2020年下半年北京市医护英语水平考试METS听力考试练习题练习及答案SectionAQuestions15Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearfiveshortconversations.Aftereachconversation,therewillbeaquestion.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.ListencarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Conversation1W:Doctor,I’vebeenfeelingdizzylately,especiallywhenIstandupquickly.M:Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?Anddoyouhaveahistoryofhighbloodpressureorotherheartrelatedissues?W:Itstartedabouttwoweeksago,andIdon'thaveahistoryofthoseproblems.Q:Whatisthewoman'smaincomplaint?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shefeelsdizzy.C.Shehasaheartproblem.D.Shehashighbloodpressure.Analysis:Thewomanclearlystatesthat“I’vebeenfeelingdizzylately,especiallywhenIstandupquickly”.Sothemaincomplaintisthatshefeelsdizzy.TheanswerisB.Conversation2M:Nurse,I'msupposedtotakemymedicinethreetimesaday,butIalwaysforgettheafternoondose.W:Youcansetanalarmonyourphoneforthattime.Also,trytoassociatetakingthemedicinewithanactivitylikehavinglunch.Q:Whatdoesthenursesuggesttohelptheman?A.Takethemedicinewithfood.B.Skiptheafternoondose.C.Setanalarmonthephoneandassociatewithanactivity.D.Doublethemorningdoseinstead.Analysis:Thenursesays“Youcansetanalarmonyourphoneforthattime.Also,trytoassociatetakingthemedicinewithanactivitylikehavinglunch”.SotheanswerisC.Conversation3W:Doctor,mychildhasafeverandarunnynose.WhatshouldIdo?M:Makesurethechilddrinksplentyoffluids.Youcanalsogivehimsomeoverthecounterfeverreducersaccordingtotheinstructionsonthepackage.Q:Whatdoesthedoctortellthemothertodo?A.Takethechildtothehospitalimmediately.B.Givethechildlessfood.C.Letthechilddrinkmorewaterandtakeproperfeverreducers.D.Justwaitforthesymptomstogoawaybythemselves.Analysis:Thedoctoradvises“Makesurethechilddrinksplentyoffluids.Youcanalsogivehimsomeoverthecounterfeverreducersaccordingtotheinstructionsonthepackage”.SotheanswerisC.Conversation4M:IthinkIhaveasprainedankle.Iwasplayingbasketballandtwistedit.W:WeneedtodoanXraytomakesuretherearenofractures.Thenwe'llputitinasplintandgiveyousomepainkillers.Q:Whatwillthedoctordofirst?A.Puttheankleinasplint.B.Givethemanpainkillers.C.DoanXray.D.Bandagetheankle.Analysis:Thedoctorsays“WeneedtodoanXraytomakesuretherearenofractures”.SothefirststepistodoanXray,andtheanswerisC.Conversation5W:I'mhavingtroublesleepingatnight.Ilieinbedforhoursbutcan'tfallasleep.M:Doyoudrinkalotofcoffeeorteaintheevening?Youshouldavoidstimulantsbeforebedtime.Also,establisharegularsleeproutine.Q:Whatisthedoctor'sadviceforthewoman'ssleepproblem?A.Drinkmorecoffeeintheevening.B.Takesleepingpillseverynight.C.Avoidstimulantsbeforebedtimeandestablisharegularsleeproutine.D.Readbooksinbeduntilshegetssleepy.Analysis:Thedoctorsays“Youshouldavoidstimulantsbeforebedtime.Also,establisharegularsleeproutine”.SotheanswerisC.SectionBQuestions610Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearalongconversation.Aftertheconversation,therewillbesomequestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.ListencarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ConversationW:Goodmorning,doctor.I'vebeenhavingthispaininmylowerbackforafewdays.M:Isee.Canyoutellmemoreaboutthepain?Isitasharppainoradullache?W:It'smoreofadullache,anditseemstogetworsewhenIstandforalongtime.M:Doyouhaveanyothersymptoms,likenumbnessinyourlegsordifficultyurinating?W:No,Idon'thaveanyofthosesymptoms.M:Haveyouhadanyrecentinjuriesorheavyphysicalactivities?W:Imovedsomeheavyfurniturelastweek.M:Thatcouldbethecause.Yourlowerbackmusclesmightbestrained.We'lldoaphysicalexaminationfirst.ThenI'llsuggestsometreatmentoptions.W:Okay,doctor.WhatkindoftreatmentcanIexpect?M:Forthefirstfewdays,youshouldrestasmuchaspossible.Applyahotcompresstothepainfulareaseveraltimesaday.Youcanalsotakesomeoverthecounterpainrelievers.Ifthepaindoesn'timproveinaweek,comebackandwe'llthinkaboutfurthertreatment.Question6Whatisthewoman'smainproblem?A.Asharppaininherupperback.B.Adullacheinherlowerback.C.Numbnessinherlegs.D.Difficultyurinating.Analysis:Thewomansays“I'vebeenhavingthispaininmylowerbackforafewdays”and“It'smoreofadullache”.Sothemainproblemisadullacheinherlowerback,andtheanswerisB.Question7Whatmakesthewoman'spainworse?A.Sittingforalongtime.B.Lyingdown.C.Standingforalongtime.D.Movingherlegs.Analysis:Thewomanstatesthat“itseemstogetworsewhenIstandforalongtime”.SotheanswerisC.Question8Whatmightbethecauseofthewoman'spain?A.Arecentillness.B.Movingheavyfurniture.C.Lackofexercise.D.Drinkingtoomuchcoffee.Analysis:Thewomansays“Imovedsomeheavyfurniturelastweek”andthedoctorsays“Thatcouldbethecause.Yourlowerbackmusclesmightbestrained”.SotheanswerisB.Question9Whatwillthedoctordofirst?A.Prescribestrongpainkillers.B.Doaphysicalexamination.C.OrderanXray.D.Referthewomantoaspecialist.Analysis:Thedoctorsays“We'lldoaphysicalexaminationfirst”.SotheanswerisB.Question10Whatistheinitialtreatmentsuggestionforthewoman?A.Domoreexerciseimmediately.B.Applyacoldcompresstothearea.C.Takealongdistancetrip.D.Rest,applyahotcompress,andtakeoverthecounterpainrelievers.Analysis:Thedoctoradvises“Forthefirstfewdays,youshouldrestasmuchaspossible.Applyahotcompresstothepainfulareaseveraltimesaday.Youcanalsotakesomeoverthecounterpainrelievers”.SotheanswerisD.SectionCQuestions1115Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Afterthepassage,therewillbesomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.ListencarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.PassageObesityhasbecomeamajorhealthproblemworldwide.IntheUnitedStates,morethanonethirdofadultsareobese.Obesityisdefinedashavingabodymassindex(BMI)of30orhigher.AhighBMIisoftenassociatedwithvarioushealthrisks,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,andhighbloodpressure.Thereareseveralfactorsthatcontributetoobesity.Oneofthemainfactorsisanunhealthydiet.Consumingtoomuchhighcalorie,processedfoodandsugarydrinkscanleadtoweightgain.Lackofphysicalactivityisanotherimportantfactor.ManypeoplehavesedentaryjobsandspendalotoftimesittinginfrontofcomputersorwatchingTV.Preventingobesityiscrucial.Abalanceddietisessential.Thismeanseatingplentyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andleanproteins,whilereducingtheintakeofsaturatedfats,transfats,andaddedsugars.Regularphysicalactivityisalsonecessary.Adultsshouldaimforatleast150minutesofmoderateintensityaerobicactivityperweek,suchasbriskwalkingorcycling.Question11WhatpercentageofadultsintheUnitedStatesareobese?A.Lessthanonethird.B.Onethird.C.Morethanonethird.D.Almosthalf.Analysis:Thepassagestatesthat“IntheUnitedStates,morethanonethirdofadultsareobese”.SotheanswerisC.Question12Howisobesitydefined?A.HavingaBMIof25orhigher.B.HavingaBMIof30orhigher.C.HavingaBMIbetween25and30.D.HavingaBMIlowerthan25.Analysis:Thepassagesays“Obesityisdefinedashavingabodymassindex(BMI)of30orhigher”.SotheanswerisB.Question13WhichofthefollowingisNOTahealthriskassociatedwithobesity?A.Heartdisease.B.Lungcancer.C.Diabetes.D.Highbloodpressure.Analysis:Thepassagementionsthat“AhighBMIisoftenassociatedwithvarioushealthrisks,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,andhighbloodpressure”.Lungcancerisnotmentionedasadirectriskassociatedwithobesity.SotheanswerisB.Question14Whatarethemainfactorscontributingtoobesity?A.Healthydietandregularexercise.B.Unhealthydietandlackofphysicalactivity.C.Geneticfactorsonly.D.Stressandlackofsleep.Analysis:Thepassagestates“Oneofthemainfactorsisanunhealthydiet”and“Lackofphysicalactivityisanotherimportantfactor”.SotheanswerisB.Question15Whatshouldadultsdotopreventobesityaccordingtothepassage?A.Eatmoreprocessedfood.B.Spendmoretimesitting.C.Consumemoresugarydrinks.D.Haveabalanceddietanddoregularphysicalactivity.Analysis:Thepassagesays“Abalanceddietisessential.Thismeanseatingplentyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andleanproteins,whilereducingtheintakeofsaturatedfats,transfats,andaddedsugars.Regularphysicalactivityisalsonecessary”.SotheanswerisD.SectionDQuestions1620Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassage.Somewordsorphrasesaremissing.Fillintheblankswiththeexactwordsorphrasesyouhear.PassageVaccinationisoneofthemosteffectivewaystopreventinfectiousdiseases.Vaccinesworkby(16)stimulatingtheimmunesystemtoproduceantibodiesagainstspecificpathogens.Whenapersonisvaccinated,asmall,weakened,orinactivatedformofthepathogenisintroducedintothebody.Thistriggerstheimmunesystemtorecognizethepathogenasforeignandstartproducingantibodies.Thedevelopmentofvaccinesisacomplexand(17)rigorousprocess.Itinvolvesextensiveresearch,testing,andclinicaltrials.Scientistsneedtoensurethatvaccinesaresafeand(18)effectivebeforetheycanbeapprovedforuse.Onceavaccineisapproved,itisdistributedtothepublic,andvaccinationprogramsarecarriedout.Vaccinationnotonlyprotectstheindividualwhoisvaccinatedbutalsohelpstocreate(19)herdimmunityinthecommunity.Herdimmunityoccurswhenalargepercentageofthepopulationisimmunetoaparticulardisease,eitherthroughvaccinationorpriorinfection.Thismakesitdifficultforthediseasetospread,protectingthosewhoareunabletobevaccinated,suchasinfants,theelderly,andpeoplewithweakenedimmunesystems.However,therearestillsomepeoplewhoare(20)hesitantaboutvaccination.Someconcernsarebasedonmisinformationormyths.Itisimportantforhealthcareproviderstoeducatethepublicaboutthebenefitsandsafetyofvaccinestoaddresstheseconcernsandincreasevaccinationrates.SectionEQuestions2125Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassage.Thenyouwillbegivenalistofstatements.Listentothepassageagainanddecidewhethereachstatementistrue(T)orfalse(F).PassageHospitalacquiredinfections,alsoknownasnosocomialinfections,areinfectionsthatpatientsgetwhiletheyareinthehospitalfortreatment.Theseinfectionscanbecausedbyavarietyofpathogens,includingbacteria,viruses,andfungi.Themostcommontypesofhospitalacquiredinfectionsincludeurinarytractinfections,surgicalsiteinfections,bloodstreaminfections,andpneumonia.Theseinfectionsnotonlyincreasethelengthofapatient'shospitalstaybutalsoposeasignificantthreattothepatient'shealth.Thereareseveralfactorsthatcontributetothespreadofhospitalacquiredinfections.Onefactorispoorhandhygieneamonghealthcareworkers.Ifhealthcareworkersdonotwashtheirhandsproperlybetweenpatientcontacts,theycaneasilytransmitpathogensfromonepatienttoanother.Anotherfactoristheuseofinvasivemedicaldevices,suchascathetersandventilators.Thesedevicescanprovideapathwayforpathogenstoenterthebody.Preventinghospitalacquiredinfectionsisatoppriorityinhealthcaresettings.Hospitalsshouldimplementstrictinfectioncontrolmeasures,suchasregularhandwashing,properdisinfectionofmedicalequipment,andisolat