英语试卷-江苏省常州市2025-2026学年第一学期高三年级期末质量调研(127-129)

常州市第一学期高三期末质量调研英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题15分，满分75分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。1.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydowhenbored?A.Sheruns.B.Sheplaysbasketball.C.Shedoesthehousecleaning.2.Whatisthemandescribingtothewoman?A.Anaturalprocess. B.Ahistoricevent. C.Apersonalexperience.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthepieceofclothing?A.Itlooksbeautifulontheman.B.Therearesomemistakesonit.C.Itfitsthewomanwell.4.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Shedoesn’thaveenoughschoolsupplies.B.Theexamwillbetoodifficult.C.Shehasn’tstudiedenough.5.Whathasthemanprobablybeentryingtodo?A.Watchanewshow.B.Reviewanewshow.C.Remendanewshow.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Theworriesaboutgettingold.B.Theconcernsabouttakingadrivingtest.C.Theagelimitfordrivers.7.Whydidn’tthewomantakeherdrivingtestinher20s?A.Shewasn’tpatient. B.Shewasn’tconfident. C.Shewasn’tinterested.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemainchallengefortheman?A.Findingbands.B.Choosingmusic.C.Confirmingtheeventlocation.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Talktothenearbyuniversity.B.Studyatauniversity.C.Runinthepark.10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthehospital. B.Atarestaurant. C.Inthestadium.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Decoratorandhouseowner. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Friends.12.Whatcolordoesthemansuggest?A.Aplaincolor. B.Alightcolor. C.Adarkcolor.13.Whatmightthewomandoaboutdecoratinghernewplace?A.Hireahomedesigner.B.Changethedecorationstyle.C.Getinspirationfrommagazines.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Upgradehispackage.B.CancelhisTVsubscription.C.Keephiscurrentpackage.15.HowmuchwillitcosttogetthePremiumPackageandequipmentnow?A.Fiftydollars. B.Sixtydollars. C.Sixtyfivedollars.16.WhatdoesthePremiumPackageoffer?A.Extramovies. B.ExtraTVseries. C.Replayingfunctions.17.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Watchafilm. B.Sendoverdetails. C.Readtheinformation.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthemandoing?A.Guidingaracingexperiencetour.B.Broadcastingaracingpetition.C.Teachingpeoplehowtodocarracing.19.Whatwilltheaudiencebedoingatnoon?A.Checkingoutthecontrolcenter.B.SittingintheVIPstands.C.Warminguptheircars.20.Howdoesthespeakerfeel?A.Excited. B.Nervous. C.Curious.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADefinitionandCharacteristicsClassicalmusicreferstoalongstandingtraditionofmusicrootedinthetraditionsofEurope.Itischaracterizedbyitsplexity,formalstructure,andtheuseofnotationtoguideperformance.Unlikepopularorfolkmusic,classicalmusicofteninvolvespositionsthatrequireahighleveloftechnicalskillfromperformers.HistoricalConClassicalmusichasitsrootsintheMiddleAges(approximatelyAD)andhasevolvedthroughseveraldistinctperiods,includingtheRenaissance,Baroque,Classical,Romantic,andModerneras.KeyPeriods●RenaissancePeriod()isdistinguishedbypolyphonic(复调的)uresandhumanisticmusicalexpressions,withrepresentativeposersincludingThomasTallis,JosquindesPrezandClaudioMonteverdi.●BaroqueEra()ismarkedbysplendidmusicalforms,withposerslikeJohannSebastianBachandGeorgeFridericHandel.●ClassicalPeriod()isdefinedbyclarityandbalance,withfamousfiguressuchasJosephHaydn,WolfgangAmadeusMozart,andLudwigvanBeethoven,oftenreferredtoasthe“VienneseClassicalSchool”.●RomanticPeriod()focusesonemotionalexpressionandindividualism,featuringposerslikeFranzSchubertandJohannesBrahms.●20thCenturyandBeyondsawtheemergenceofvariousstyles,includingModernismandImpressionism,withinfluentialposerslikeIgorStravinskyandClaudeDebussy.InfluenceandLegacyClassicalmusichassignificantlyinfluencedmanymodernmusicgenresandcontinuestobeavitalpartofculturalandintellectuallife.Itsemphasisonformalpositionandexpressivedepthhasshapednotonlythedevelopmentofmusicbutalsobroaderartisticandculturalmovementsthroughouthistory.Insummary,classicalmusicisarichanddiversetraditionthathasevolvedovercenturies,characterizedbyitsformalstructureandexpressivedepth,makingitacornerstoneofWesternmusicalheritage.21.WhatdoweknowabouttheRenaissanceperiod?A.ItoriginatesinEurope.B.Itistheshortestperiod.C.ItcrossesovertheMiddleAges.D.Itfeaturesemotionandindividualism.22.Whosemusicmostprobablydisplaysclearandbalancedstructures?A.BachandHandel. B.HaydnandMozart.C.BeethovenandDebussy. D.SchubertandBrahms.23.WhichofthefollowingaboutClassicalmusicistrueaccordingtotheauthor?A.Ithaslastedover2000years.B.Itcanbebothformalandinformal.C.Itismorepopularthanmodernmusic.D.Ithasalonglastingculturalsignificance.BItallbeganatanunusualengineeringclasswherenonengineerswerechallengedtobineartandsciencetohelptheworld.Twostudents—JuliaSilvermanandJessicaMatthews—decidedtogiveitatry.Thepairdiscussedissuesfacedbymanypeoplearoundtheworldtoseewhichtheycouldhelpsolve.Accesstocheapelectricitywasonethatcametomindrightaway.That’swhenJulia,whousedtoplaylotsofsportsinhighschool,hadasuddenidea:whatiftheywereabletocapture(捕获)someoftheenergythatisgeneratedwhenpeopleplaysports?Maybetheycouldturnitintoelectricity.Givenitspopularityamongbothyoungandoldallovertheworld,soccerseemedtobethenaturalchoice,andtheballtheperfectthingtodoitwith!Theytriedtheirideasoutfirstbystickingashaketochargeflashlighttheyhadboughtinsideasmall,hollowball.Thentheykickeditaroundtoseeiftheflashlightwouldpickupthecharge(电荷).Theversiontheyproducedafterthatwasanimprovedone.Amechanisminsidetheballcapturedtheenergycreatedastheballmoved,whichcouldthenbeturnedintoelectricity.TheymadeanumberoftheseballswhichweretestedbydelightedkidsattheWorldCupSoccerChampionships.Justunder150gheavierthanaregulationsoccerball,theSoccketfootballhadthecapacitytostoreenoughenergytopowerupasmalllampforthreehoursfollowingjust30minutesofplay.TheythenworkedonthefirstSoccketfootballtobeproducedinlargenumbers.Thelatestmodelissaidoseventimesmoreenergyefficientthantheoriginal.AndtheSoccketisnottheironlyideahavingsucceededwiththeSoccket,theyhavemanysimilarideasbiningfunandfunction.Ofcourse,theyplantodevelopthese.AsSilvermansays:“Justbecausewegetolderdoesn’tmeanwehavetostopplaying,andjustbecauseweneedimportantthingsinlife,likeelectricity,doesn’tmeanwecan’thavefunproducingthem.”24.Theunusualengineeringclassmentionedinthefirstparagraph______.A.isrelatedtosoccerB.isdesignedforelectricalengineersC.admitsnonengineerssolongastheylovesportsD.encourageslearningtosolverealworldproblems25.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthisarticle?A.Toexplainhowtochargesoccerballswithelectricity.B.Tointroduceanamazinginventionwithsoccerballs.C.Todiscusstheglobalshortageofelectricity.D.Toshowhowsoccerchangestwostudents’life.26.WhatdoweknowabouttheSoccketfootball?A.Itcanflashwhenkickedaround.B.Itisbeingusedinprofessionalsoccermatches.C.Itisthebinedproductofloveandimagination.D.Itiscreatedtoturnelectricalenergyintootherenergy.27.WhydoestheauthorquoteSilvermanattheendofthepassage?A.TopraiseJuliaandJessica’scontributiontotheworld.B.ToexplainthefunctionofJuliaandJessica’sproduct.C.TohighlightJuliaandJessica’spersonalcharacterofhelpfulness.D.TodemonstratethephilosophybehindJuliaandJessica’spractice.CUntilrecently,scientiststhoughtanimals’mindwaslimitedtoassociativememories:recollectionsoftherelationshipsbetweenexperiencesorevents,butnottheepisodicmemories(情景化记忆)oftheexperienceitself.Butinrecentyears,researchconductedbyMiklósiandhiscolleagueClaudiaFugazzahasshakentheideathatdogsarerestrictedtosuchPavlovian(巴甫洛夫式的)recall.In2016theyconfirmed,bywayofanexperimentinwhichtheyaskeddogstoimitateactionsmodeledbyahumanminutesearlier,thatthedogsdidrememberspecificelementsofwhatthey’dexperienced.Infollowupexperiments,dogsrepeatedtheirownactionslongaftertheyfirstperformedthem,afindingthataddedaselffocusedlayertotheirepisodicmemories.Theirthoughtsdidn’tjustcontainamessofseparatedetails,butwereintegratedtogetherbyasenseofself.Asforcats,testsofwhethertheyreturnedtocontainerswheretheywerepreviouslyfedlendscientificsupporttotheirversionofepisodicmemory.“Catmemoryisprobablyverymuchlikedogmemory,”saysMiklósi.Still,henotesthatthiskindofreminiscence(回忆)mightdifferfromourown.Humanscanreflectontheirmemoriesinnatural,selfdirectedways:Humanscanthinkaboutthefirstconcerttheyeverattended,withoutneedingtoseethetickettoremindthemofit.Howcatsanddogsguidetheirownrecall—iftheyneedreminderstoactivateit—isamystery.It’salsolessclearhowourfurrypanionsrelivetheirdistantmemories.Oursplaylikeamovieinourmind’seye,whichfits,ascontemporaryhumansareavisuallyengagedspecies.Butcatsanddogsarefarmorereliantonothersenses,especiallysmell.Couldtheirrecalletogetherassmellsratherthanimages?Twostudies—ofdogsinadarkroomfindingfamiliarobjectswiththeirnoses,andofkittensrecognizingtheirmothersbysmellafteryearsofseparation—suggestasmuch.28.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedifferencesbetweenhumanmemoryandanimalmemory.B.Newresearchmethodsusedtotestepisodicmemoryinanimals.C.Theimportantroleofsmellinthememoryoffurrypanions.D.Newresearchfindingsaboutthememoryabilitiesofdogsandcats.29.WhatcanweknowfromMiklósiandFugazza’s2016experiment?A.DogscancarryoutPavlovianrecalleffectively.B.Dogscanrememberspecificdetailsofpastexperiences.C.Dogsneedhumanreminderstorecalltheirownpastactions.D.Dogs’memoriesarepletelydifferentfromhumanmemories.30.Whatmysterydoscientistsstillneedtosolveaboutanimalmemory?A.Whethercatsanddogshaveassociativememories.B.Whethercatsanddogsrelyonsmelltomemorize.C.Howcatsanddogsreflectontheirmemories.D.Howcatsanddogsusereminderstorelivememories.31.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttosayinthelastparagraph?A.Dogshavesimilarepisodicmemorytocats.B.Humanstendtorelivememoriesthroughimages.C.Catsanddogsmostprobablymemorizebysmell.D.Itisunclearhowhumansmemorizebetterthananimals.DCognitive(认知的)offloading,theactofdelegatingmentalworkernaltools,shouldconcernanyonewhovaluestheirownintelligence.Whengiventhechoicebetweenthinkingthroughaproblemorlettingtechnologyhandleit,willwechoosethetool,evenwhenwe’reperfectlycapableofsucceedingonourown?SamGilbertnoticedinhisexperimentssomethinghecalls“reminderbias.”Thisisthetendencytouseexternalmemoryaidsevenwhenyourownmemorywouldserveyoubetter.Participantschosetosetdigitalremindersfortaskstheycouldeasilyrememberunaided.Evenwhenofferedmoneytoencouragepeopletorelyontheirownmemory,theystillcouldn’tovereit.Therootreasonseemstobethatpeopleunderestimatetheirowncognitiveabilities.Theythinkthey’llforget,sotheysetareminder.Theythinktheycan’tsolvetheproblem,sotheyaskAI.Overtime,byconsistentlychoosingernaltool,theyneverexercisetheinternalcapability.Iftheproblemwerelimitedtomemory,itmightnotmattermuch.Afterall,what’stheproblemwithsettingareminderonyourphone?Butresearchsuggeststhecognitivecosendfarbeyondrememberingappointments.NathanielBarrclaimedthatindividualswhoscorelowerontheCognitiveReflectionTestshowgreatersmartphonedependencewhenobtaininginformation.Thesearepeoplewho,whenfacedwithaproblem,instinctively(本能地)reachforthequickestsolution.AIhasn’tcreatedthistendency.Humanshaveoftenpreferredmentalshortcuts.ButAIhasremovednearlyalldifficulties.Youdon’thavetogotoalibraryoreventypeasearchquestion.Youjustask,andtheanswerappears,exactlyasyouneedit.MyconcernisthatpeoplemaybeginusingAIinwaysthatpreventthedevelopmentofanalyticalskills.ForacollegestudentwhoconsistentlyusesAItoworkthroughproblems,Iquestionwhetherthey’rebuildingtheneuralinfrastructure(神经基础结构)tohandlesimilarproblemsindependentlylaterinlife.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delegating”mostprobablymean?A.Assigning. B.paring. C.Applying. D.Linking.33.WhydidparticipantsinGilbert’sexperimentsetunnecessarydigitalreminders?A.Theylackedconfidenceintheirownmemory.B.Theywerenotofferedenoughmoney.C.Theywerepoorincognitiveabilities.D.Theyneverexercisedtheirinternalcapability.34.TheauthormentionstheCognitiveReflectionTesttoshow______.A.peoplerelytoomuchonsmartphonesB.AIworksbetterthanhumanmemoryC.reminderbiascausesharmtomorethanjustmemoryD.smartphonesarethequickestsolutiontomanyproblems35.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A.CognitiveOffloading:TheCauseofAIRelianceB.HowExternalAidsLikeAIEnhanceReminderBiasC.ExternalToolsorInternalTool,WhichCausesMoreHarmD.OverrelianceonExternalAIToolsMayWeakenCognitiveAbilities第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125,分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Alotofparentsthinkkidswanttospendalltheirtimeonsocialmedia,andthat’swhyit’ssohardtotakeaway.Buthere’sthetruth:__36__Thereasontheycan’tdecidenottousetheseappsforthemselvesisbecausethey’reafraidofmissingoutonsocialopportunities,sincesomanyyoungpeoplemaintaintheirfriendshipsontheseplatforms.Ifparentsallmadethesamedecisionnottoletourkidsusesocialmedia,we’dsolvetheproblemforthem.Evenifonlysomeparentsrestricttheirkids’use,itwillbeenoughtoforceteenstofindotherwaysofmunicating.WhenItalktoparentsandteachersaboutthis,Iliketostartbytellingthemabouta2023studyinwhichcollegestudentswereaskedhowmuchmoneyresearcherswouldhavetopaythemnottousesocialmediaaccountsforamonth.__37__Actually,theaverageamounttheywantedwas$50,andthemedian(中位数),$30,wasevenlower.Thentheresearchersaskedthestudentshowmuchthey’dhavetopaythemtodeactivatetheiraccountsiftheirfriendsdidthesamething.Theansweris:__38__Noaudiencememberofminehasevercorrectlyguessedtheresult.Insituationslikethis,ourjobasparentsistostepinandhelpourkids.Ifparentsalltoldourkidsthey’renotallowedtousesocialmediauntilthey’re16yearsold,noneofthemwouldfacethedilemma(窘境)oflosingsocialopportunitiesinthefirstplace.Evenifonlyafewoftheirfriendsdon’thavesocialmedia,theywon’tbepariahs(被遗弃的人).__39__Insteadofseeingpicturesofthepartiestowhichtheyweren’tinvitedonsocialapps,theycouldwiththeirfriendsonflip(老式翻盖)phonestomakeplans—orcallandchat.__40__Insteadoffollowingthepolishedversionsofoneanother’slives,theycouldgettogetherinpersonandtalkabouthowthey’rereallydoing.A.Kidswillprobablyworryaboutit.B.Ourresponsibilityhereisnodifferent.C.Manyteenagersrecognizethatsocialmediaisunhealthy.D.Thestudentswerewillingtopaytheresearcherstomakethishappen.E.Sotalktotheparentsofyourkids’friendsandgetthemtodothesamething.F.Myaudiencetypicallyguessesthatthestudentsdemandedtensofthousandsofdollars.G.Chatgroupswithpeoplekidsknowareagoodalternativetoconversationsonsocialapps.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eightyearsago,theninmymid40s,Ioverheardanoldermanaskayounggirl:“Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?”Shecheerfullylisteda(n)__41__rangeofdreams:vet,painter,putercoder.Ilistenedwith__42__,butsoonitchangedintounease.Shestillhadtimetobeeanyofthosethings.Yetatmyage,noonewasaskingmethatquestionanymore.Moreimportantly,Ihad__43__askingmyselfthatquestion.Thatconversationstayedinmymind,andIwokeupmorningstillfeeling__44__.Therearemanyreasonsmidlifeoftengets__45__asaperiodof“crisis,”sittingatthebottomofaUshapedcurve(曲线)oflifehappiness,but“asyoubegintostopmakingdecisions,itwon’tbelongbeforeyouhave__46__actuallymakingdecisions,”oneresearchersaid.Idecidedto__47__.A(n)__48__Googlesearchof“Whatarethehardestthingsyoucando”ledmetoobstaclecourseracing(OCR,障碍赛).Growingupasaskinnykid,Ihadalwayswantedtobe__49__.Inreality,though,Iwasmostlypickedlastforteamsand__50__thebench.OCRbecamemyanswertotheolderman’squestion.Forthelastsixyears,I’ve__51__almosteverydaytobeesomethingIalwayswantedtobeasalittlegirlbutneverthought__52__.Asapetitiveathlete,I’veracedmorethan50timesand__53__ofteninmyagegroup.Nothinginmyyoungeryears__54__Icoulddevelopsuchabilities.However,bydrawingontheperspective(思维方式),experienceandwisdomInowpossessasanadult,Imadeithappen.Your__55__maydifferfrommine,butyou,too,canbringittolife.41.A.familiar B.creative C.annoying D.impressive42.A.admiration B.relief C.regret D.pride43.A.delayed B.stopped C.risked D.finished44.A.unsettled B.wronged C.mitted D.inspired45.A.mistaken B.labeled C.confirmed D.selected46.A.advantage B.opportunity C.difficulty D.danger47.A.quit B.seek C.act D.learn48.A.routine B.frightening C.unexpected D.random49.A.energetic B.athletic C.realistic D.romantic50.A.warmed B.repaired C.cheered D.watched51.A.operated B.trained C.peted D.worked52.A.simple B.reliable C.possible D.sustainable53.A.medaled B.struggled C.coached D.exercised54.A.opposed B.insisted C.denied D.suggested55.A.age B.problem C.ambition D.condition第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lithiumion(锂离子)batteriesarefoundineverythingfromsmartphonestocars.Whiletheyaregenerallyverysafeifstoredandchargedcorrectly,56.__________usandsofdocumentedcasesofthem56.__________(catch)firesometimeswithdeadlyconsequences.Researchersallovertheworld57.__________(work)tosolvetheproblembydevelopingsaferbatteries,forexamplebyreplacingtheliquidelectrolyt(电解质)withamorefireresistantsolidorgel.However,suchsolutionsrequiresignificantchangestocurrentproductionlines,abarrier58.__________widespreadadoption.Now,ateamofresearchersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKonghasproposedachangeinlithiumionbatterydesign59.__________couldrapidlyintegrateintocurrentmanufacturingmethods,because60.__________60_(simple)involvesswappingchemicalsiningelectrolytesolution.Themethod61.__________(detail)earlierthisyearinastudyledbyYueSun,nowapostdoctoralfellowatVirginiaTech:“Ithinkthemostdifficultthingforpeopletorealizeaboutbatteriesisthat62.__________youtrytomaximizeperformance,sometimesyoureducesafety,“shesaid,explainingthatincreasingperformance63.__________(require)afocusonchemicalreactionsthathappenatroomtemperature,whileincreasingsafetyfocusesonreactionsthathappenathightemperatures.“Sowecameupwithanidea64.__________(break)thistradeoffbydesign