中考英语二轮语法专项复习课件简单句及句子种类

简单句及句子种类知识点简单句的基本句型1.五种基本句型句子结构说明例句主语＋系动词＋表语

谓语动词为系动词，系动词后可直接跟名词、代词或形容词作表语

LiLei

is

anurse.

He

looks

unhappytoday.句子结构说明例句主语＋谓语(不及物动词)(＋状语)谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思，其后不能直接加宾语，但可接状语进行修饰Theboy

runseveryday.句子结构说明例句主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语谓语动词是及物动词，后跟动作的承受者才能表达完整的意思Theboy

reads

abook.主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语(人)＋直接宾语(物)He

gavemeanicepen.句子结构说明例句主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语该句型的两种作用：①说明宾语的特点、身份等；②通过感官知道宾语做了某事或让宾语去完成某个动作

We

madehimourmonitor.

I

sawhimgoout.2.存现句(therebe句型)(1)用法therebe句型表示“某处有某人(或某物)”，be动词的形式要与最靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”，且有时态变化。结构例句肯定句Therebe＋主语＋地点/时间状语．

Therewasabirdinthetreejustnow.

Therearetwoboysandagirlunderthetree.否定句Therebe＋not/no＋主语＋地点/时间状语．

Therearenopicturesonthewall.

Therearen'tanypicturesonthewall.结构例句一般疑问句Be＋there＋主语＋地点/时间状语？—Isthereanywaterinthebottle?—Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.肯定回答：Yes,therebe.否定回答：No,therebenot.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词/词组＋主语＋be＋there＋地点/时间状语？—Howmanybooksarethereonthetable?—Thereare30.(2)therebe与have的区别区别例句含义不同therebe表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物Therewasaconcertinthehallyesterday.have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物Shehasthreecars.结构不同Therebe＋主语＋地点/时间状语．Therearesomechildreninthegarden.主语＋have/has＋sb./sth.Hehasabrotherandasister.(

)1.(2025龙东地区)There____noyogurtandnotomatoesontheshoppinglist.Weneedtoadd____tothesalad.A.is;them B.are;them C.are;it(

)2.(2025白银改编)Look!There____anotebookandthreekeysonthedesk.A.is B.was C.are(

)3.

(2025长春改编)There____someflowersinmyroom.Ioftenwaterthem.A.is B.are C.wasAAB知识点疑问句1．一般疑问句结构例句Be＋主语＋其他？—Isheateacher?—Yes,heis./No,heisn't.情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？—Canyoudrawpictures?—Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.结构例句助动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？—Doeshelikeplayingbasketball?—Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.答语：Yes，主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词./No，主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋not.2．特殊疑问句结构例子疑问代词who询问身份

which询问可供选择的对象what询问内容、职业或身份

whose询问所属关系疑问副词when询问时间

why询问原因where询问地点和位置

how询问方式或情况结构例子疑问词组howlong多长(提问时间段或物体的长度)howoften多久一次(提问频率)howfar多远(提问距离)

howold多大(提问年龄)howsoon多久以后(提问“in＋一段时间”)howmany多少(提问可数名词的数量)howmuch多少(提问不可数名词的数量或价格)

whattime什么时候(提问时间)whatcolor什么颜色(提问颜色)3．选择疑问句

结构例句一般疑问句＋or＋另一选择项？Areyouateacherorastudent？特殊疑问句，选择项＋or＋另一选择项？Whichpendoyoulike,theblueoneortheblackone？(

)4.

(2025白银)—____arethetrousers?—20pounds.A.Howmany

B.Howlong C.Howfar D.HowmuchD(

)5.(2025遂宁)—Excuseme,sir.____isitfromheretothetrainstation?—Oh,it'sabouttenminutes'walk.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howoften D.Howfar(

)6.(2025成都)—____isthesportscenterclosedtoday?—Here'sanotice.Let'shavealook.A.Why B.How C.WhetherDA知识点祈使句1．祈使句的概念用于表达请求、命令、叮嘱、警告、劝告等的句子。谓语动词用原形，没有人称、时态和数的变化。2．祈使句的结构类型肯定结构否定结构Do型(Please＋)动词原形(＋宾语)＋其他．如：Pleasesitdown.Don't/Never＋动词原形＋其他．如：Neverplayinthestreet.Be型Be＋表语(名词或形容词)＋其他．如：Beagoodboy！Don't＋be＋表语(名词或形容词)＋其他．如：Don'tbelateagain.类型肯定结构否定结构Let型Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他．如：Letmehelpyou.Don'tlet＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他．＝Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他．如：Don'tlethimgo.＝Lethimnotgo.其他—No＋名词/动名词(＋其他)．如：Noswimming！3．祈使句的用法用法例句祈使句的回答，用一般将来时—Don'tplaywiththeseknivesinthekitchen.—Sorry,Iwon'tdothatagain.祈使句，and/or＋陈述句(表结果)，可与含if引导的条件状语从句进行转换Readmorebooks,andyouwillimproveyourreadingskills.＝Ifyoureadmorebooks,youwillimproveyourreadingskills.(

)7.(2025广元)—Mike,____suchaloudnoiseintheroom.Yoursisterissleeping.—OK,Dad.Iwon'tdothatagain.A.making B.tomake C.don'tmake D.make(

)8.(2025长春改编)___,Tutu,oryouwillbelateforclass.Onlytwominutesleft.A.Hurryup B.Tohurryup C.HurryingupCA知识点感叹句1．感叹句的概念感叹句用于表达惊异、喜悦、气愤等强烈的情绪，一般由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。2．感叹句的结构引导词结构例句what引导(中心词为名词)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！Whatalovelygirlsheis！What＋形容词＋可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)！Whattalltreestheyare！What＋形容词＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！Whatgreatprogressshehasmade！引导词结构例句how引导(中心词为形容词/副词)How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语)！Howdeliciousthefoodis！/Howquicklyhehasfinishedthereport！How＋形容词＋a/an/the＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！Howheavyabag(itis)！How＋主语＋谓语！Howtimeflies！【速记口诀】感叹句，并不难，what、how放句前；强调名词用what，其余用how很简单。(

)9.(2025云南改编)___kindboyMikeis!Healwayshelpshisclassmateswithmath.A.How B.What C.Whata(

)10.

(2025凉山州)—Look!Thestudentsarelearningpapercuttingintheclub.—Wow!____interestingitis.A.How B.What C.WhatanCA(

)11.(2024遂宁)—Hi,guys!Ourteamwonthefirstplaceinthetabletennismatch.—____excitingnewsitis!Wearesohappyaboutit.A.What

B.How C.Whatan D.HowanA基础过关一、选择填空(

)1.(2025成都三模)—Eva,____isyourhomefromChengduPeople'sPark?—It'sabouttenminutes'walk.A.howlong B.howfar C.howsoonB(

)2.(2025广元模拟)—TheAIDeepSeekcanhelppeoplesearchforinformation,drawpicturesandsoon.—____amazingtoolitis!A.What B.How C.Whatan D.Howan(

)3.(2025广元模拟)—____haveyoubeeninGuangyuan?—Forabout3years.A.Howmuch B.Howsoon C.Howlong D.HowfarCC(

)4.(2025乐山二模)___greatfunitistohaveafive－dayholiday!A.What B.Whata C.How(

)5.(2025广元模拟)Hurryup!____youwillbelateforschool.A.But B.Or C.Though D.SoAB二、单词填空1.

(2025泸州)Mycoachalwayssays,”B______inyourteammembersandyou'llplaybettertogether.”2.

(2024自贡)Becarefulwiththeknifewhilecooking,anddon'tc__yourfingers.3.Don'tloseheart,son.There__(be)alwaysawayout.4.Idon'thaveavolleyball,butmybrotherJim____(do)．5.Whengivensomethingyoudon'twanttoeat,just______(refuse)politely.elieveutisdoesrefuse6.IknowneitherthetwinsistersnorJim__________(play)suchexcitinggamesbefore.7._____

terriblythewindisblowing!I'mafraidwehavetoputoffthegamesontheplayground.hasplayedHow三、小语篇特训(一)Nowadays,socialmediaisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople'slife.1.____

commonitistoseepeopleusesocialmedianearlyeverywhereallthetime!Infact,socialmediaaddiction(瘾)isarealthingandmanyofushaveit.And2.____canyoudotobeatyoursocialmediaaddiction?3.______difficultquestionitmaybe!Trytoturnoffthenotification(通知)ofsocialmediaplatforms(平台),4.__theymaydrawyourattentionandinfluenceyourplan.Maybe,5._________

alsomanyotherwaystoavoidsocialmediaaddiction.Findabetteroneplease.HowwhatWhataorthereare校正说明：个别印次的学用图书参考答案中，此题答案“thereare”误写成“therebe”，改正同教用。如与教用相同，则不改。(二)Oneday,Iwantedmyfathertogetsomefruitforme.SoIsaidtomyfather,”Dad,1.____

here！”Whenmydadheardme,hecameoverrightaway.However,mymomsaidtome,”2._____sayitthatway.Sayitmorepolitely.”“Ididn'twantto，”Ireplied.”Ifyoudon'tsayitpolitely,then3.____watchingTVfromnowon！”mymomsaidangrily.comeDon'tstop4._____

sadIwaswhenIheardthis!Thenmymomsaid,”5.__youwantotherstobepolitetoyou?Ifso,youshouldbepolitetoothers,too.”Indeed,weshouldbepolite,6.__

itmightmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.HowDoor能力提升四、短文填空(2024广元)Itwasnineonacoldwinternight.Ihurriedtogohomefromworkonmybike.WhileIwaswaitingforthegreenlightbythesideoftheroad,1.__oldmanwavedandwalkedtowardsme.Ifeltalittlenervous.Hesaid2.______(slow),”Excuseme,Couldyoupleasehelpme？”Ilookedathimupanddown.Helookedaboutseventyyearsold.Hetookouttenyuanan