【2026春】初中英语新人教版八年级下册全册重点知识（单词+短语+句子）

1【重点单词】2.programv.编写程序n.程序；(=programme)节目；项目→programmern.程序设计员→express...tosb.向某人表达……→expressionn.表情；表示；表达方式4.instructorn.教练；指导者→instructv.指导5.scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌的→bescared→bescaredtodosth.不敢做某事6.fearn.&v.害怕；担忧→infear害怕地；担忧地→withoutfear无惧地8.singleadj.单个的；单身的→n.单程票；单曲9.returnn.&v.回来；归还→returntosp.返回某地10.dealn.交易；协议v.(dealt,dealt11.managev.完成(困难的事);管理→managetodosth.设法做成某事→v.合理地利用/安排(金钱、时间等)→practisekungfu练功夫→pushsb.todosth.督促某人做某事→反义词为pull(拉)→reducewaste/pollution减少浪费/污染→dealwithstress应对压力→n.重读；重音17.Italianadj.意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的n.意大利人；意大利语18.programmern.程序设计员19.allowv.使……成为可→allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事→allowdoingsth.允许做某事→thesenseofsight/hearing视/听觉224.teenageadj.青少年的→teenagern.青少年25.postcardn.明信片26.ratheradv.相当；更准确地说27.foreignadj.外国的；国外的→foreignern.外国人28.suggestionn.建议；提议→makeasuggestion提建议→takeone's30.inspirev.激励；鼓舞32.surprisinglyadv.出人意料地；惊人地→surprisingadj.令人惊讶的33.stagen.舞台；阶段→onstage在舞台上34.importantlyadv.重要地→importantadj.重要的【重点短语】2.docalligraphy练习书法4.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事14.havefun玩得开心33.Iwenttothesp体力类爱好(如打网球或练瑜伽)能帮助我们保持健康。6.Hestartedprogrammingwhenhewasten,a8.Oneofthepeoplewhoinspiresmethemost1.ourselvespron.我们自己→byourselves独自；靠自己→enjoyourselves玩得开心2.soreadj.疼痛的；酸痛的→sorethroat喉咙痛3.pressv.压；按；挤；推→pressthebutton按按钮→pressuren.压力4.dentistn.牙科医生→gotothedentist看牙医7.avoidv.避免；防止→avoiddoingsth.避免做某事8.gasn.气体；燃气9.achen.&v.疼痛11.carelessadj.不小心的；粗心的→carelesslyadv.粗心地→carefuladj.小心；谨慎12.runnyadj.流鼻涕的；流眼泪的14.sufferv.受苦；遭受→sufferingn.痛苦；苦难15.testn.&v.检查；测验→takeatest参加考试17.medicinen.药；医学→takemedicine吃药→medicaladj.医学的18.descriptionn.描写；形容→detaileddescription详细描述→describev.描述419.patientn.病人adj.有耐心的→bepatientwithsb.对某人有耐心→patiencen.耐心20.illnessn.疾病22.clearadj.清晰的；清楚的v.清理→adj.23.painn.疼痛；痛苦→inpain处于痛苦中→painfuladj.疼痛的；令人痛苦的24.environmentn.环境→naturalenvironment自然→protecttheenvironment保护环境→environmentaladj.有关环境的→crossingn.十字路口26.themselvespro27.happilyadv.快乐地；高兴地→happyadj.快乐的28.burnv.(burnt,burnt)燃烧；着火→burnout燃尽；精疲力竭29.throwv.(threw,thrown)猛动身体(部位);扔；抛31.aidn.&v.帮助；援助→firstaid急救32.safetyn.安全；安全处所→safetybelt安全带33.tonightadv.在今晚n.今夜；今晚→seeyoutonight今晚见34.sadlyadv.伤心地；令人遗憾35.smoken.烟v.吸烟；冒烟36.luckilyadv.幸运地→luckyadj.幸运的→luckn.运气37.badlyadv.(worse,worst)严重地→badlyinjured严重受伤38.harmn.&v.伤害；损害→doharmto对……有害→harmfuladj.有→beharmfulto对……有害39.pilln.药丸；药片→takeapill服药v.说谎41.hitv.(hit,hit)碰撞；击；打n.打；击；击中42.shockn.震惊；令人震惊的事v.使震惊43.bleedv.(bled,bled)流血；出血→bleedtodeath流血而死44.checkv.检查；查明n.检查；调查45.nervouslyadv.紧张不安地→nervousadj.紧张的58.turnon接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开9.noway不可能；没门15.liedown平躺；平卧2.WhenItriedtogetoutofbed,Ialmost2.shockedadj.震惊的→beshockedat对…→shockv.使震惊n.震惊→leave/let..alone不打扰；不惊动5.angern.怒火→angryadj.生气的→advisedoingsth.建议做某事→advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事7.hurtfuladj.伤感情的8.presentn.礼物→birthdaypresent生日礼物6→adj.现存的；出席9.standardn.标准；水平adj.标准的→uptostandard达到标准12.pressuren.压力→underpressure在压力下；承受着(急于完成某事的)压力→putpressureonsb.(todosth.)强迫/促使/劝说某人(做某事)→entrancen.入口；进入20.everybodypron.每人；所有人→keyplayer关键人物22.decisionn.决定23.scoren.得分；比分→abitof一点儿27.repeatv.重复28.thoughconj.虽然；尽管→joyn.欢乐；喜悦30.thankfuladj.感谢的；感激的→bethankfulfor感谢……31.negativeadj.否定的；消→schoolbullying校园霸凌33.behavev.表现；举止得体→behaveoneself举止得体→differentadj.不同的7→physicaladj.物理学的；身体的→returntonormal恢复正常38.madadj.发狂的；疯的→gomad发疯39.meanadj.刻薄的；吝啬的→meanv.意思是；打算40.deepadj.深的；有……深的→deeplyadv.很；非常；极其42.remainv.继续存在；保持不变【重点短语】5.onpurpose故意；有意地6.reducebyhalf减少一半16.kickoneself(因干了蠢事等18.proudof为……感到骄傲19.aswell也；又21.pulltogether齐心协力；通力合作23.shoutatsb.冲某人喊叫26.passaway去世(委婉说法)27.notonlybutalso..不但……而且……1.Ifyoudidsomething86.Althoughyoupushedtheirplayer,itwasjustanaccident.9.YouencouragedmeandmadesciencelessoUnit4TheWondersofNature1.wondern.奇观；惊叹v.琢磨；想知道；感到诧异→wonderaboutsth.琢磨某事→wonderatsth.对……感到诧异→nowonder难怪→wonderfuladj.精彩的；绝妙的→belowzero零下3.leveln.高度；水平；程度4.surfacen.表面；表层6.researchv.&n.研究；调查→do/carryoutresearch进行研究→researchern.研究者；调查者→反义词：usualadj.通常的；寻常的→usuallyadv.通常→unusuallyadv.不寻常地；意想不到地8.bottomn.底部；最下部→atthebottomof在……底部→反义词：topn.顶部9.developmentn.发展；壮大→developv.发展；开发；养成→developingadj.发展中的910.desertn.沙漠；荒原→易混词：dessertn.甜点→survivorn.幸存者；生还者→onconditionthat在……条件下；如果17.degreen.度；度数；程度→n.学位→bachelor'sdegree→master'sdegree硕士学位18.changeableadj.可能变化的；易变的；常变的→changev.&n.改变；变化19.deathn.死亡；毁灭；破灭→deadadj.死的；无生命的→deadlyadj.20.aboveprep.在(或向)……上面；超过adv.在(或向)上面；在(或向)高处；超过→aboveaverage高于平均水平21.shouldern.肩膀；肩部22.successfullyadv.成功地；顺利地→successfullydosth.=succeedindoing→succeedv.成功→takearisk(ofsth./doingsth.)冒险(做某事)→outofcuriosit25.explorern.探险者；勘探者→explorationn.探索；勘探→simpleadj.简单的；单纯的27.riskyadj.有危险(或风险)的28.southernadj.南部的；向南的→travelv.&n.旅行31.naturaladj.自然的；天然的；天生的n.有天赋的人→beanaturalats→naturen.自然；天性32.coastn.海岸；海滨→coastline海岸线→includingprep.包括……在内34.sandn.沙子35.aliveadj.活着；在世；有活力→bealivewith充满……2.bytheway顺便说一下3.byallmeans无论如何；务必4.squarekilometre平方千米7.dealwith应对；处理8.maketheclimb进行攀登11.forthefirsttime首次；第4.Tomostpeople,MountQomolangmaisoneofthegreatestwondersoftheworld.对大多数人而言，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。登山者们一点点地向上攀爬，最终成功越过了第二台阶。7.Ifyoudivedee2.floodn.水灾；洪水v.泛滥；淹没→warnsb.aboutst4.waven.波浪；波；挥手v.挥手；挥舞5.interviewn.采访；面试v.采访；对(某人)进行面试→intervieween.被面试者6.possiblyadv.可能；或许→assoonaspossible尽快7.reportn.&v.汇报；报道→newsreports新闻报道→reportern.记者→intheneighbourhood9.nearlyadv.几乎；差不多；将近10.troublen.苦恼；困难v.使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦→relationn.关系13.preparationn.准备(工作);预备→finalpreparations最后的准备→preparev.准备14.powern.电力供应；能量；力量→powerfuladj.强壮的15.soundlyadv.(睡觉)酣畅地；18.hidev.(hid,hidden19.worstadj.&adv.最坏(的);最糟(的)→bad(原级)20.refusev.拒绝；退却→refusetodosth.拒绝做某事22.thankfullyadv.幸亏；感激地→thankfuladj.感激的23.knowledgen.知识；学问→knowledgeof关于……的知识24.thinkingn.思考；想法→thinkv.思考27.volunteern.志愿者；自告奋勇者v.自愿做；义务做→volunteerwork志愿工作→voluntaryadj.自愿的28.terriblyadv.非常糟地；非常→terribleadj.糟糕的30.reviewv.复习；回顾；复查n.回顾；审查→abookreview书评→reviewern.评论者31.suddenadj.突然的；骤然的→suddenlyadv.突然32.thundern.雷；雷声v.打雷；发出雷鸣般响声33.usualadj.通常的；寻常的→usuallyadv.通常35.unluckyadj.不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的→luckn.运气7.wakeup醒来10.bythetime到……的时候5.Luckily,wecoveredo6.Whatwereyoudoingwhileitwassnowingheavily?下大雪时你在做什么?8.Hejumpedintoactionrightawayandrushedtogetpeopleoffthebeach.他立即9.Peoplewerescream11.Bythetimethebuscame,Iwascold1.shakev.与(某人)握手；摇动→n.摇动；颤动；奶昔→astrawberryshake→kisssb.goodbye/goodnight亲吻某人道别/道晚安→givesb.akiss给某3.hugv.&n.拥抱→hugsb.tightly紧紧地抱住某人→反义词commonadj.常见的；通常的→tablemanners餐桌礼仪8.properadj.恰当的；正确的→goodandproper完全地；彻底地9.servingadj.分菜用的n.一份食物→niceadj.令人愉快的；宜人的13.blousen.(女式)衬衫或短上衣14.privateadj.→aprivatejet私人飞机15.whetherconj.是否17.unsafeadj.不安全的；危险的→反义词safeadj.安全的18.improperadj.不合适的→improperbehaviour不当行为19.jeansn.牛仔裤→marrysth.up(将两个事物、人或部分)结合，匹配→marrysb.off把某人嫁给；为某人娶亲21.congratulatev.祝贺→congratulationn.(usuallypl.)祝贺→traditionaladj.传统的；习俗的24.secondlyadv.第二；其次25.thirdlyadv26.correctlyadv.正确地；得体地→correctadj.正确的；恰当的27.receivev.收到29.falseadj.错误的；不真实的→反义词trueadj.确实的30.cheern.欢呼v.庆祝→agreatcheer→cheeron(赛跑、比赛等中)以喝彩声鼓励，为(某人)加油31.cheersinterj.再见；干杯2.situp坐直3.keep…off使不碰到；使避开4.servingchopsticks公筷5.be/getusedto习惯于7.goalongway帮助很大8.inone'sforties四4.Ifyougetconfused,watchwhateveryoneelse5.InJapan,webowassoonaswemeetateacher.在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。6.Theyhelpedmetolearnmoreabout8.Fourth,it'sbestnottoaskpersonalquestionsunlessyouknowthepersonquite1.attackv.&n.攻击；进攻→attacksb.withs→n.(疾病的)发作aheartattack心脏病发作→historicalfigu→stealsth.from...从……偷走某物→stealone'sheart博得某人的欢心5.punishv.惩罚；处罚→punishsb.bydoingsth.通过→punishmentn.惩罚→untilrecently直到最近→recentadj.近来的；新近的7.lostadj.迷路的；丢失的；失去的→belostinsth.全神贯注于；沉浸于8.recommendv.推荐；建议→recommend...tosb.向某人推荐……10.literaryadj.文学的；文学上的→literaturen.文学；文学作品11.lockv.用锁锁上n.锁12.unlockv.开……的锁；发现；揭开→unlockthedoor打开门锁hideAfromB把A藏起来不让B看见14.nobodypron.没有人；谁也不→n.小人物；无足轻重的人→statementn.陈述；说明17.weakadj.虚弱的；(能力)弱的→beweakinsth.不善于某事→secretadj.秘密的；保密的n.秘密19.provev.证明；证实；显示是→过去式及过去分词proved,proved或proved,proven→provethat...证明……→takeeffect开始起作用；生效21.readern.读者；简易读物→afastreader读书快的人22.considerv.认为；仔细考虑→Itisconsideredthat.人们认为……23.enemyn.敌人24.recommendationn.推荐；提议→accept/rejectarecommendation接受/拒绝一项建议25.basicadj.基本的；初步的→basiclifeskills基本生活技能→basicsn.(pl.)基本因素→doubtsb./sth.怀疑某人/某事→doubtthat...怀疑……..→beindoubt不肯定；不确定27.introductionn.介绍；序言；采用→abriefintroduction简介→introductionofsb.对某人的介绍→introducev.介绍introduceAtoB把A介绍给B2.sciencefiction科幻小说(或影片等)3.getlost迷路4.hearof听说；得知6.lockup锁好(建筑物的)门8.daybyday一天天；逐日9.intime来得及；及时—Yes,Ihave.I'veread.../No,Ihaven't.是的，我读过。我读过……·不，我没读过。读完刘易斯·卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。5.—Haveyoudecidedona—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.是的，我选好了。/不，我还没选好。6.—HasPetereverhe—I'vejustfinishedTheRomancenovelsofalltime.9.Heisunhappyandweakbecauseheha2.elderlyadj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的→theelderly老年人(复数概念)→elderlypeople老年人→oldadj.年老的→organizev.组织；安排→organizedadj.有组织的；4.providev.提供；给予→providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物5.ownern.主人；物主→theownerofsth.某物的主人→ownv.拥有；承认6.donat