2026高考全国二指导卷英语（全国二卷01）（解析版）

2026年高考考前最后一卷（全国二卷）

高三英语·全解全析

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮

擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。

1．Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?

A．Sad.B．Moved.C．Worried.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Soyoureallyhadnoideaabouttonight?

W:No!Ithoughtitwasstrangethateveryonewassosecretive,butnowIrealizetheywereplanningsomething

specialformybirthday.I’mgonnacry!

2．Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?

A．Eatout.B．Ordertakeout.C．Cookathome.

【答案】C

【原文】W:I’mstarving!Shouldwecookorgettakeout?

M:Yourcall.Whatdoyouthink?

W:Mystomachsaystakeout,butmywalletsaysno.Let’scheckthefridge.

3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A．Homeownerandgardener.B．Acouple.C．Neighbors.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Jack,lookatthebushesinthegarden!They’regrowingwild.

M:Iknow,honey.Butourgardentoolsarebroken,soIneedtoborrowsomefromtheneighborsfirst.

4．WhereisUncleTonyprobably?

A．Atthehospital.B．Attheoffice.C．Athome.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Mom,shallwegotothehospitaltoseeUncleTonytoday?

W:I’mafraidnot.Hewasreleasedafteraphysicalexaminationandisdoingmuchbetternow.

M:That’sgreat!

W:Andhewillgobacktoworknextweek.

5．WhatisLilyoccupiedwithrecently?

A．Jobhunting.B．Agraduationceremony.C．Collegeapplications.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Lily,how’syourgraduationproject?

W:Actually,I’mbusywithjobapplications.

M:Anyinterviewslinedup?

W:Acouple!I’vebeenpracticingmyinterviewskills.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．Wheredidthespeakersfirstmeet?

A．Atameeting.B．Atawedding.C．Inaclinic.

7．Whatwillthemandonext?

A．Takethewomantoadoctor.

B．Hurrytohiscompany.

C．Fixthebike.

【答案】6．B7．A

【原文】M:Watchout!

W:Ouch!

M:Sosorryforknockingyouover.Areyouallright?Iwasrushingtoameeting.Mybiketiresuddenlywentflat,

andIlostcontrol.

W:IthinkI’mokay,justabitshaken.Wait...Didn’twemeetatAaron’sweddingreceptionlastweekend?

M:Smallworld!Anyway,sorryaboutyourankle.

W:It’sfine!GoaheadtoyourmeetingandIcanstandupbymyself.

M:Oh,mymeetingcanwait.We’dbetterheadtotheclinicrightaway.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8．WhatisthemainpurposeoftheinterviewforAnimalDreamland?

A．Tosharestoriesbehindthescenes.

B．Toshowitsmakingprocess.

C．Todiscussitskeymessages.

9．Whatistruecouragetotheman?

A．Doingrightinspiteoffear.

B．Havingnofearineverydaylife.

C．Knowingthenewmeaningoffear.

10．Whathelpsshapeaperson’strueself?

A．Thepursuitofperfection.

B．One’sfamilybackground.

C．Personalchoice.

【答案】8．C9．A10．C

【原文】W:Hi!We’refromtheVarietyShowinterviewteam.So,what’sthemessageyouwanttoconveytoyoung

audienceofAnimalDreamland?

M:Oh,it’ssimple.Youknow,life’sabitmessy,andweallmessup,butchangealwaysstartswithyou,notothers.

W:That’sgreat!Andmanyfanslovethelineaboutcourage.What’struecouragetoyou?

M:Courageisn’tnofear.It’sgoingforwhat’sright,evenwhenyou’rescaredinside.

W:Perfect!Andtheclassicline“anyonecanbeanything”—anynewmeaninghere?

M:Sure!It’snotaboutbeingperfect.It’syourchoice,notyourbackground,thatshapesyourtrueself.That’sthe

realheartofAnimalDreamland.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A．Thetopicoftheirgeographyproject.

B．Theresearchmethodsofgeography.

C．Thewaystopreservewetlands.

12．WhatdoesPeterthinkofthecurrentsituationofwetlands?

A．Confusing.B．Alarming.C．Promising.

13．AccordingtoRachel,whyarewetlandsimportant?

A．Theybringeconomicbenefits.

B．Theyofferfoodtofarmers.

C．Theyhelppurifywater.

【答案】11．A12．B13．C

【原文】M:Hi,Rachel.Anyideaforourgeographyproject?

W:Hi,Peter.I’dliketodosomethingonwetlands.Youknow,theyareaspecialhabitatforwildlife.

M:Icouldn’tagreemore.Unfortunately,moreandmorefarmersandcommercialdevelopersareoverusingthem,

endangeringalllivingthingsthere.

W:Soweneedtodiscusstheirimportanceinourassignment.

M:Whataspectsofimportancedoyouthinkweshouldcover?

W:Inmyopinion,wecanstartwithplantandwildlifehabitat,andthenexplaintheimportanceofwetlandsin

purifyingwater.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14．WhatdoesthemanthinkAIwillserveasinthefuture?

A．Anefficientassistant.

B．Aproductiveprojectleader.

C．Acomplextechnicalsystem.

15．WhatwillAIbeusedfor?

A．Trainingnewdoctors.

B．Designingcitytrafficrules.

C．Aidingmedicalimageanalysis.

16．Whatdoesthemanadviseyoungpeopletodo?

A．Becomeanexpert.B．Learnbydoing.C．Growinteams.

【答案】14．A15．C16．B

【原文】W:Today,we’rehonoredtohaveProfessorHuanghere.Asweknow,AIischangingeverything.Howdo

youseeitsroleinourdailylivesinfiveyears?

M:Thankyou.AIisbecomingthefoundationofthedigitalworld.Inthefuture,itwon’tjustbeanapp—it’llbea

partner.ImaginedoctorsusingAItoanalyzemedicalimagesinseconds,orcitiesusingAItomanagetrafficinreal

time.Itwillbeeverywhere,anditwillbeinvisible,workingquietlytoimproveefficiency.

W:Thatsoundstransformative!ManyyoungpeopleareexcitedaboutAIbutfinditcomplex.What’syouradvice

forthem?

M:Well,startwithcuriosity.Youdon’thavetobeanexpertrightaway.PlaywithAItoolsonline,trywriting

simplecodes,orjoinopen-sourceprojects.Thekeyistotryyourhandsatit.Thefieldisgrowingsofastand

there’sroomforeveryone.

W:Thankyouforsharing,ProfessorHuang.

M:Mypleasure.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewlydisplayedcopies?

A．Theyaretruetotheoriginal.

B．Theyarethesimplifiedversions.

C．Theyareinneedofpreservation.

18．WhatwastheinitialpurposeofcreatingtheYongleDadian?

A．TogatherallknownknowledgeofChina.

B．TorecordthehistoryoftheMingDynasty.

C．Toevaluateancienthistoryandphilosophy.

19．WhydoscholarscomparetheYongleDadiantoalibrary?

A．Toproveitssocialvalue.

B．Tohighlightitsrichcontent.

C．Toshowitsgrowingpopularity.

20．Whoisthespeaker?

A．Anartist.B．Avisitor.C．Aguide.

【答案】17．A18．A19．B20．C

【原文】Hello,everyone!WelcometotheNationalLibraryofChina!Beforeyouisasetofnewlyreproduced

editionoftheYongleDadian,buttheyarenotsimplecopies.TheyareproducedusingmodernhandmadeXuan

paperandhigh-qualitycolorprinting,whichcarefullypreservesthesize,weight,andhandwrittennotesofthe

originalvolumes.Asyouturnthepages,youarenotjustreadinghistory—you’rewitnessingtheactof

preservationitself.Morethan600yearsago,EmperorYongleoftheMingDynastyorderedthecreationofthe

YongleDadian.Hisgoalwasambitious:tocollectallknownknowledgeofChinaatthetimeintoonegreatwork.

TheYongleDadianbroughttogetherover7,000ancientclassics,coveringhistory,philosophyandsoon,fromthe

pre-QinperiodtotheearlyMingDynasty.Tohelpvisitorsunderstanditsscale,scholarsoftencomparetheYongle

Dadiantoalibraryofknowledge,carefullywrittenbyhandandboundintothousandsofvolumes.Nowlet’stakea

closerlook.

第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Comforting,healthy,speedyorfresh?Whatevertypeofrecipeyou’relookingfor,theFeastapphasgotyou

covered.Withacollectionof7,000recipes,it’syourgo-topartnerforayearofcooking.Beyonditsrecipelibrary,

Feastcomespackedwithsmart,uniquefeaturesdesignedtotakethestressoutofmakingnewdishes.

SmartSearch

Pastaandtomato,curryandvegan(素食),dinnerandquick—Ifyoufancycookingsomethingspecific,our

searchandsuggestedoptionscanhelpyoufindwhatyou’relookingforsuperquick.

CookMode

Whenyou’rereadytorollupyoursleeves,cookmodegivesyoustep-by-stepinstructionsandkeepsyour

screenlive.Ifcookmodeisn’tforyou,youcanalsoprintoutallyourfavoriterecipes.

RecipeCollections

Whetheryou’vediscoveredanewfavoriteinChefEbuehi’sselectionofsweettreats,orgotinspirationin

ChefSodha’svegantips,youcansavethoserecipestoyourcollections,readyforwhenyouwanttogiveitago.

ShoppingList

Needtoheadtotheshopsbeforeyoucookyourfavoriterecipe?Addingredientsfromanyrecipetoyour

shoppinglist,thencrossthemoffasyoushop.Needtoshareorclearit?Tapthethreedotsfromtheshoppinglist

andyou’resorted.

TheFeastappcomeswitha14-dayfreetrial-followingthetrial,newsubscriberspayjust£0.99fortheirfirst

month,thenthesubscriptionauto-renewsat£2.99permonthforallusers.Anannualsubscriptionispricedat

£28.94,andincludesa15%discountforsubscriberswhosignupnow.

21．WhichofthefollowingisafeatureoftheFeastapp?

A．Itdeliversingredientstousers’homes.B．Itoffersreal-timeguidancefromchefs.

C．Itspecificallytargetsfastfoodlovers.D．Itshowsusersdetailedcookingsteps.

22．Howmuchwillanewuserpayfora6-monthFeastappsubscription?

A．£12.30.B．£14.47.C．£15.94.D．£17.94.

23．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A．Tointroducepopularrecipes.B．Topromoteasmartapp.

C．Torecommendhealthydiets.D．Toadvertiseinstantfood.

【答案】21．D22．C23．B

【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Feast的智能烹饪应用程序，详细说明了其核心功

能、订阅价格及优惠信息。

21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withacollectionof7,000recipes,it’syourgo-topartnerforayearofcooking.

(拥有7000个食谱，它是你全年烹饪的首选伙伴。)”以及“CookMode”部分中“cookmodegivesyoustep-by-step

instructions(烹饪模式为你提供分步说明)”可知，该应用程序能向用户展示详细的烹饪步骤。故选D项。

22．细节理解题。根据价格部分“newsubscriberspayjust£0.99fortheirfirstmonth,thenthesubscription

auto-renewsat£2.99permonth(新用户第一个月仅需支付0.99英镑，之后订阅自动续费，每月2.99英镑)”可

知，一个新用户订阅6个月的总费用为：第一个月0.99英镑+后续5个月×2.99英镑/月=0.99+14.95=

15.94英镑。故选C项。

23．推理判断题。通读全文，文章开篇引出Feast应用能满足各种食谱需求，接着详细介绍了其智能搜索、

烹饪模式、食谱收藏和购物清单等独特功能，最后说明了订阅价格和优惠。整篇文章旨在详细介绍和推广

这款智能烹饪应用。故选B项。

B

ImprovingfitnesswasDionLeonard’sinspirationforstartingmarathonrecreationallytogetherwithhiswife

Lucja,andthenasracecompetitors.AfterfinishingsixthinaSouthAfricanrace,hetraveledtoChinatocompete

ina155-mileraceacrosstheGobiDesert.Onthefirstday,henoticedasmallstray(流浪的)dogwanderingaround

thecampsite,whereamusedcompetitorsfedherwiththeirownlimitedsupplies.Ondaytwo,Dionandthedog

tooksometimetowarmuptoeachother,andsheeventriedtochewhisrunningequipment.Dionsoonnamedher

Gobi.

Besideshavingcompletedaracerequiringremarkablephysicalstrengthtogether,theyalsoovercame

emotionallytryingcircumstanceswhentaskedwithsavingaseverelyworn-outcompetitor,ultimatelycostingthem

firstplaceintherace.Throughthickandthin,DionandGobisurvivedtogetherandhadnointentionsofparting

waysatthefinishline.DeterminedtoadoptGobiandtakeherbacktohishomeinScotland,Dionlauncheda

crowdfundingcampaignthatprovedwildlysuccessful.Helaterdonatedallextrafundstostraydogrescue

organizations.However,disasterstruck:GobiwentmissinginUrumqiwhileawaitinganofficialapprovaltoleave

China.

Despitethelanguagebarrierandthecity’s3millionpopulation,Dionimmediatelyflewbacktosearchfor

her.Bythen,theirheartwarmingstoryhadgainedinternationalmediacoverage,inspiringhundredsofChinese

volunteerstojoininhissearch.Thankfully,Gobiwasfound.Thereuniondidmorethanbringthembacktogether;

ithelpedpeopleofdifferentculturesgrowclosertogetheraswell.

ThepairnowlivehappilyinTucson.DionhaswrittenandpublishedbooksdocumentinghisandGobi’s

story—thechildren’sbooktellsavisualstorythroughGobi’seyeswhiletheadultbook(aNewYorkTimes

bestsellercalledFindingGobi)addressesthemessuchasDion’supbringingthatdrovehimnottoleaveGobi

behind.Thedifferentangleseducateabouteverythingfromthevalueofexercisetoanimalwelfaretoovercoming

obstacles.

24．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

A．DionquicklyformedabondwithGobi.

B．Theorganizersprovidedlimitedsupplies.

C．Gobiamusedrunnersbychewingequipment.

D．Dogswereencouragedtoaccompanyrunners.

25．WhydidDionlaunchacrowdfundingcampaign?

A．TofinancehissearchforGobi.

B．Tohelprescueotherstraydogs.

C．TocoverthecostofbringingGobibackhome.

D．ToobtainanapprovalforGobitoleaveChina.

26．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDion’sbooks?

A．Criticalandcross-cultural.B．Motivationalandtime-honored.

C．Innovativeandfantasy-rooted.D．Heartfeltandmulti-dimensional.

27．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A．Animalprotectionisalwaysontheway.

B．Afriendshipcangobeyondboundaries.

C．Travelingathousandmilesmakesaman.

D．Differencescanbebridgedwithjointefforts.

【答案】24．A25．C26．D27．B

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马拉松选手迪翁·伦纳德在中国戈壁沙漠比赛中偶遇并收养流浪狗戈

壁的感人故事，以及他们之间超越物种和文化的深厚友谊。

24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ondaytwo,Dionandthedogtooksometimetowarmuptoeachother,andshe

eventriedtochewhisrunningequipment.DionsoonnamedherGobi.(第二天，迪翁和这只狗花了一些时间来熟

悉彼此，她甚至试图咀嚼他的跑步装备。迪翁很快给她取名为戈壁)”可知，迪翁很快就和戈壁建立了感情联

系。故选A。

25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“DeterminedtoadoptGobiandtakeherbacktohishomeinScotland,Dion

launchedacrowdfundingcampaignthatprovedwildlysuccessful.(迪翁决心收养戈壁，并把她带回他在苏格兰的

家，他发起了一场众筹活动，取得了巨大的成功)”可知，迪翁发起众筹活动是为了支付带戈壁回家的费用。

故选C。

26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“DionhaswrittenandpublishedbooksdocumentinghisandGobi’sstory—the

children’sbooktellsavisualstorythroughGobi’seyeswhiletheadultbook(aNewYorkTimesbestsellercalled

FindingGobi)addressesthemessuchasDion’supbringingthatdrovehimnottoleaveGobibehind.Thedifferent

angleseducateabouteverythingfromthevalueofexercisetoanimalwelfaretoovercomingobstacles.(迪翁撰写并

出版了记录他和戈壁的故事的书籍——儿童读物通过戈壁的眼睛讲述了一个视觉故事，而成人读物（纽约

时报畅销书《寻找戈壁》）则涉及了迪翁的成长经历等主题，这些主题驱使他不会抛弃戈壁。不同的角度

涵盖了从锻炼的价值到动物福利再到克服障碍等方方面面)”可推知，迪翁的书是发自内心且多维度的。故选

D。

27．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Thedifferentangleseducateabouteverythingfromthevalue

ofexercisetoanimalwelfaretoovercomingobstacles.(不同的角度涵盖了从锻炼的价值到动物福利再到克服障

碍等方方面面)”可知，文章讲述了迪翁和戈壁在极端环境中结下的友谊，迪翁不惜一切代价寻找走失的戈壁，

以及他们的故事如何感动了不同文化背景的人们。他们的友谊跨越了物种和国界，因此B选项“Afriendship

cangobeyondboundaries.(友谊可以超越界限)”最符合文章主旨。故选B。

C

（改编题）Oursolarsystemispepperedwithlargerocks,calledasteroids.IfabigasteroidstrikesEarth,

therearemanypossibleoutcomes.Thespacerockcoulddropintotheoceanandnotharmanyone.Oritcouldwipe

outacity.Peoplehaveahardtimeunderstandingthechancesofanasteroidstrike.Soaresearchteamcalculated

thelikelihoodandcompareditwithotherevents—withsomesurprisingresults.

“AlargeormediumasteroidhittingEarthwouldbenoticedworldwide,”saysCarrieNugent,aplanetary

scientistatOlinCollege.Whilekillerasteroidshavehitbefore,suchastheonethatfinishedoffthedinosaurs66

millionyearsago,Nugentsaysasimilarsituationisnotexpectedtooccurinthefuture.“Wetrytoputthisevent,

whichisactuallyapreventableevent,incontextwithotherpreventableevents,”sheadds.

Usingacomputerprogram,Nugentandherteammodeledagroupofasteroidssimilartorealnear-Earth

objects(NEOs).TheyfedthemintoaprogramcalledJPLHorizons.Anyonecanusethatprogramtolookup

predictedlocationsforobjectsinthesolarsystem.Forthisproject,herteamdeterminedwhethereachmodeled

asteroidwouldcrosspathswithEarth.

Thatallowedtheteamtoestimatethefrequencyofasteroidsbiggerthan140metersacross,whichisaround

thesizeofalargeship,Nugentsays.AnasteroidofthissizewouldhitEarthroughlyevery11,000years.

However,thatnumberisstillhardtounderstand.SoNugentcomparedthechancesofanasteroidhitting

Earthwithothereventsthatpeoplemayexperienceasfollows.

One-In-XChanceEventHappenstoanIndividual,orthePlanet,OveraHumanLifetime

Booksandmoviesoftendescribeasteroidrun-insasunstoppableevents.“Thetruthisactuallyentirelythe

opposite,”shesays.NASA’sDARTMissionin2022hitanasteroidthatwasn’tindangerofhittingEarth.Thetest

changedtheasteroid’spath.Thisshowedthatpeoplemightbeabletoavoidsuchacrashoneday.So,it’simportant

todoresearch,suchasskysurveys,thatlocatetheseobjects.

28．WhatdoesNugentthinkofasteroidstrikesonEarthaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Theyarehardtoforecast.B.Theyrequireimmediateprevention.

C.Thereisnoneedtopanicaboutthem.D.Theywilldefinitelybringdisasters.

29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph4referto?

A.Computermodeling.B.Frequencycalculation.

C.Systemoperation.D.Projectevaluation.

30．Whicheventistheleastlikelytotakeplaceaccordingtothetext?

A.Coyoteattack.B.Elephantattack.

C.Carbonmonoxidepoisoning.D.Asteroidimpact.

31．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?

A.Tointroducedifferentwaysofasteroidresearch.

B.TopraiseNASA’sachievementsinasteroidstudy.

C.Toattractmediaattentiontoasteroidexploration.

D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofasteroidresearch.

【答案】28．C29．A30．A31．D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家CarrieNugent及其团队借助计算机模拟测算小行星撞击地球的概率，

并将其与日常事件对比，缓解公众对小行星撞击的过度恐慌；同时以NASA的成功试验为例，强调小行星

监测与研究的重要意义。

28.C推理判断题。根据第二段“Whilekillerasteroidshavehitbefore…Nugentsaysasimilarsituationisnot

expectedtooccurinthefuture.”可知，Nugent认为未来不会再发生类似恐龙灭绝的毁灭性小行星撞击事件，

因此人们不必为此恐慌。

29.A词句猜测题。根据第三段内容，研究团队利用计算机程序对近地小行星进行建模模拟，并判断其是否

会与地球相撞。第四段中“This”指代上文提到的**计算机模拟（computermodeling）**这一核心研究

方法，正是该方法让团队得以估算小行星撞击频率。

30.A细节理解题。根据文中概率数据：土狼袭击（1/1,000,000）、大象袭击（1/10,000）、一氧化碳中毒（1/100）、

小行星撞击（1/1,000）。概率数值越小，事件发生可能性越低，因此土狼袭击最不可能发生。

31.D推理判断题。最后一段先纠正大众对小行星撞击的错误认知，再以NASADART任务为例证明人类

可干预小行星轨道，最后用“Therefore,it’simportanttodoresearch…”点明核心：强调小行星相关研究的重

要性。故选D。

D

（创新题）IntheearlyhoursofMarch13,1964,KittyGenovesewasattackedviolentlynearherNewYork

apartmentdespiteneighborshearingherscreams.ThecasemadeheadlinesinTheNewYorkTimes,whichreported

that38witnessesheardtheattackbuttooknoaction.

Tofigureoutthereason,socialpsychologistsJohnDarleyandBibbLatanéconductedtwoclassic

experiments.Theirfirstexperimentshowedthatthemorebystanderstherewere,themoreanindividual’ssenseof

responsibilitydiffused—85%ofparticipantshelpedinaone-on-onesituation,whileonly31%didsoinagroupof

six.Intheirsecondsmokeexperiment,75%ofpeoplealonesoughthelpwhensmokefilledtheroom,butjust10%

didsowithpassivebystandersaround.

Theypointedoutthatthebystandereffectmainlyspringsfrompeople’sfailuretointerpretasituationasan

emergencyduetoothers’inaction.Thesecondreasonforthebystandereffectisthatwhenmultiplebystandersare

present,eachpersonfeelslesspersonalcommitmenttoact,astheyassumeothers(especiallythosewith

professionalskillslikedoctorsorpolice)willintervene.Thisphenomenonismorecommoninurbanareaswith

manystrangers,unlikeinsmallcommunitieswherepeoplefeelaclearsenseofresponsibilitytohelpothersthey

know.

RecentresearchhascastdoubtontheuniversalityofDarleyandLatané’sclassicbystandereffecttheory.

Usingreal-worldCCTVfootagefromthreepairsofculturallydiversecities—Lancaster,Amsterdam,andCape

Town—Dr.RichardPhilpotofLancasterUniversityandhisteamanalyzed212violentincidents.

Theirfindingsshowedthatbystandersintervenedin91%ofcases,andindirectcontradictiontotheoriginal

theory,thepresenceofmorebystandersactuallyincreasedthelikelihoodofintervention,withmultiplepeopleoften

steppingintogether.Theconsistenttypesofinterventionacrossdifferentcitiessuggestwearebornwiththewishto

helpothers,drivenbysocialconventionsandadesiretounderstand,protect,andassistothers.

32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diffused”‘inparagraph2mean?

A．Weakened.B．Shifted.C．Continued.D．Increased.

33．Thebystandereffectoccursprimarilybecausepeople_________.

A．areunwillingtohelpstrangers

B．areinfluencedbyurbanization

C．arediscouragedbyprofessionals

D．areunabletorecognizeanemergency

34．WhichstatementdoesPhilpotprobablyagreewith?

A．Protectingothersshouldbeadvocated.

B．Bystanderresponsesrelyoninterventiontypes.

C．Thetendencytohelpisrootedinhumannature.

D．Culturaldifferencesleadtothebystandereffect.

35．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．TheColdShoulderB．TheBlindEye

C．AWillingHeartD．AStillTongue

【答案】32．A33．D34．C35．B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍旁观者效应的经典理论与实验，以及最新研究对该理论的反驳，探

讨人们面对突发事件时的旁观现象。

32．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Theirfirstexperimentshowedthatthemorebystanderstherewere,themorean

individual’ssenseofresponsibilitydiffused—85%ofparticipantshelpedinaone-on-onesituation,whileonly

31%didsoinagroupofsix.(他们的第一个实验表明，旁观者越多，个人的责任感就越分散diffused——一对

一情境下有85%的参与者会提供帮助，而六人小组中仅有31%的人会这样做。)”可知，旁观者数量增加，

个人责任感随之降低，因此diffused意为“减弱、削弱”，与A项“Weakened”意思一致。故选A项。

33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theypointedoutthatthebystandereffectmainlyspringsfrompeople’sfailure

tointerpretasituationasanemergencyduetoothers’inaction.(他们指出，旁观者效应主要源于人们因他人的不

作为而无法将当下情况判定为紧急事件。)”可知，旁观者效应出现的主要原因是人们无法识别出紧急情况。

故选D项。

34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theconsistenttypesofinterventionacrossdifferentcitiessuggestweare

bornwiththewishtohelpothers,drivenbysocialconventionsandadesiretounderstand,protect,andassist

others.(不同城市中一致的干预行为表明，我们天生就拥有帮助他人的意愿，这受社会习俗以及理解、保护

和帮助他人的渴望所驱动。)”可知，菲尔波特认同帮助他人的倾向根植于人性之中。故选C项。

35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“KittyGenovesewasattackedviolentlynearherNewYork

apartmentdespiteneighborshearingherscreams.ThecasemadeheadlinesinTheNewYorkTimes,whichreported

that38witnessesheardtheattackbuttooknoaction.(基蒂·吉诺维斯在纽约公寓附近遭到暴力袭击，尽管邻居们

听到了她的尖叫。这起案件登上了《纽约时报》头条，报道称有38名目击者听到了袭击却没有采取任何行

动。)”以及后文对旁观者效应的阐释，文章核心围绕人们面对紧急事件视而不见、不予干预的现象展开，因

此“TheBlindEye(视而不见)”最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Oneearlymorning,asIwalkedaroundtheblock,afriend’s“hi”frommyphonenearlystoppedmeinmy

tracks.36Shetalkedmethroughalifeupdatefromtheoppositesideofthecountry.Itfeltlikethe

surpriseofanunexpectedletterbecausewenormallydidn’tcommunicatethatway.

Atthetime,Ionlysentvoicemessagesoccasionally.Stagefrightwouldkickin.IworriedthatI’dsaythe

wrongthing,orthatotherswouldexperiencethesamecringe(局促不安)uponhearingmyvoicethatIdo.37

Butrecently,I’vefoundmyselfrecallinghowmyfriend’svoicebrokethroughloneliness.Particularlyduring

aseasonthat’ssupposedtobeallaboutlove,Ithinkaboutallthewaysthatcanlook-specifically,howwereachout

andconnect.AsI’vesentmorerandomvoicemessagestolovedones,it’sbecomeobvioushowmuchIwaslonging

forthispointofconnectionwiththem.38There’salevelofclosenessthatcomeswiththiskindof

listening.

39Itallowsyoutotakeyourtimeandspeakwithoutthepressureofanimmediateresponse.You

canfillitwithlaughter,pauses,andtonethatatextmessagecan’tconvey.It’sasmallactofpresence,awaytosay,

“I’mthinkingofyou,andIwanttoconnectinawaythatfeelshuman.”

Inaworldwheresomuchofourcommunicationisquick,instrumental,andscreen-based,voicemessages

arearebellion(反抗).They’reachoicetobeunpolished,tobereal,andtoinvesttimeinsomeoneelse.40

It’sjustafriend’s“hi”inyourpocket,waitingforyoutohitplay.

A．Infact,I’malateadopterofvoicemessaging.

B．IfindcomfortintheirvoicesevenifIcan’tseetheirfaces.

C．ItwasthefirstvoicemessageIrememberclickingplayon.

D．Whenwereachout,wecanbetterunderstandothers’difficulties.

E．Sometimes,connectiondoesn’thavetobegrandtobemeaningful.

F．Ithinkbetterinwriting,I’dtellmyself,holdingontomytextmessages

G．Avoicemessageisaconsciouschoiceforthoughtful,heartfeltconnection.

【答案】36．C37．F38．B39．G40．E

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过回忆朋友发来的一条语音信息带来的温暖，反思了语音消息在快节

奏、屏幕化的现代沟通中，作为一种真实、人性化连接方式的价值。

36．根据上文“Oneearlymorning,asIwalkedaroundtheblock,afriend’s“hi”frommyphonenearlystoppedme

inmytracks.(一天清晨，当我漫步在小区里时，手机传来朋友的“hi”声差点让我停下脚步。)”可知，作者提

到了手机里朋友发来的“hi”，空格后描述了