丽江师范学院《环境工程专业英语》2025-2026学年第二学期期末试卷(A卷)

站名：站名：年级专业：姓名：学号：凡年级专业、姓名、学号错写、漏写或字迹不清者，成绩按零分记。…………密………………封………………线…………第1页，共1页丽江师范学院《环境工程专业英语》2025-2026学年第二学期期末试卷(A卷)注意事项:1.请考生在下列横线上填写姓名、学号和年级专业。2.请仔细阅读各种题目的回答要求，在规定的位置填写答案。3.不要在试卷上乱写乱画，不要在装订线内填写无关的内容。4.考试时间120分钟专业学号姓名题号一二三四五六七八总分统分人复查人得分得分评分人一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1.Theterm“eutrophication”referstotheprocessofabodyofwaterbecomingenrichedinnutrients,whichcanleadtoexcessiveplantgrowthandadecreaseinoxygenlevels.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofeutrophication?A.ExcessivenitrogenandphosphorusfromagriculturalrunoffB.NaturalprocessesofdecompositionC.TheintroductionofinvasivespeciesD.Increasedwaterflowandmixing2.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“biofilter”isusedtodescribeadevicethatremovespollutantsfromwaterorairbyusingbiologicalprocesses.Whichofthefollowingisakeyfactorintheeffectivenessofabiofilter?A.ThesizeofthebiofilterB.ThetemperatureofthewaterorairC.ThepresenceofacatalystD.ThepHlevelofthewaterorair3.Whichofthefollowingisaprimarymethodusedtotreatwastewaterinabiologicaltreatmentplant?A.CoagulationandflocculationB.PhysicalfiltrationC.AdsorptionD.Anaerobicdigestion4.Theterm“solidwaste”referstoanydiscardedmaterialthatisnotliquidorgas.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofsolidwaste?A.CarbondioxideemissionsB.SewageC.ConstructiondebrisD.Airpollution5.Inenvironmentalengineering,theconceptof“sustainabledevelopment”emphasizestheneedtomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Whichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleofsustainabledevelopment?A.TheefficientuseofresourcesB.ThereductionofwasteC.TheprotectionofbiodiversityD.Alloftheabove6.Theterm“ecosystemservices”referstothebenefitsthatecosystemsprovidetohumans.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanecosystemservice?A.TheprovisionoffoodB.TheregulationofclimateC.TheproductionofmedicinesD.Alloftheabove7.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“airpollution”referstothepresenceofharmfulsubstancesintheair.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsourceofairpollution?A.NaturaleventssuchasvolcaniceruptionsB.IndustrialemissionsC.TransportationD.Alloftheabove8.Theterm“waterquality”referstothephysical,chemical,andbiologicalcharacteristicsofwater.Whichofthefollowingisacommonindicatorofwaterquality?A.pHlevelB.DissolvedoxygenC.BacteriacountD.Alloftheabove9.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“landfill”referstoasitewherewasteisburied.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialenvironmentalconcernassociatedwithlandfills?A.ThereleaseofmethanegasB.ThecontaminationofgroundwaterC.ThegenerationofnoiseandodorsD.Alloftheabove10.Theterm“environmentalimpactassessment”referstoaprocessusedtoidentifyandevaluatethepotentialenvironmentaleffectsofaproject.Whichofthefollowingisakeystepinanenvironmentalimpactassessment?A.TheidentificationofpotentialimpactsB.TheevaluationofalternativesC.ThemitigationofadverseeffectsD.Alloftheabove11.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“remediation”referstotheprocessofcleaningupcontaminatedsites.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmethodusedinremediation?A.SoilvaporextractionB.BioremediationC.SoilwashingD.Alloftheabove12.Theterm“climatechange”referstolong-termshiftsintemperatureandweatherpatterns.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialconsequenceofclimatechange?A.IncreasedsealevelsB.MorefrequentandsevereweathereventsC.TheextinctionofspeciesD.Alloftheabove13.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“sustainableagriculture”referstofarmingpracticesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact.Whichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleofsustainableagriculture?A.TheuseoforganicfertilizersB.TheconservationofwaterresourcesC.ThereductionofchemicalinputsD.Alloftheabove14.Theterm“ecologicalfootprint”referstotheamountoflandandwaterrequiredtosupportanindividual’slifestyle.Whichofthefollowingisafactorthatcontributestoahighecologicalfootprint?A.TheconsumptionofmeatB.TheuseofpublictransportationC.TheuseofrenewableenergyD.Theconsumptionofelectronicdevices15.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“greenbuilding”referstobuildingsthataredesignedtominimizeenvironmentalimpact.Whichofthefollowingisakeyfeatureofagreenbuilding?A.TheuseofsustainablematerialsB.TheefficientuseofenergyC.ThereductionofwasteD.Alloftheabove16.Theterm“biodiversity”referstothevarietyoflifeonEarth.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialthreattobiodiversity?A.HabitatdestructionB.InvasivespeciesC.ClimatechangeD.Alloftheabove17.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“waste-to-energy”referstotheconversionofwasteintoenergy.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmethodusedinwaste-to-energyprocesses?A.IncinerationB.AnaerobicdigestionC.PyrolysisD.Alloftheabove18.Theterm“waterscarcity”referstothelackofaccessiblefreshwater.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialcauseofwaterscarcity?A.PopulationgrowthB.ClimatechangeC.TheinefficientuseofwaterD.Alloftheabove19.Inenvironmentalengineering,theterm“sustainabletransportation”referstotransportationsystemsthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact.Whichofthefollowingisakeyfeatureofsustainabletransportation?A.TheuseofelectricvehiclesB.ThepromotionofpublictransportationC.ThereductionoftrafficcongestionD.Alloftheabove20.Theterm“environmentaljustice”referstothefairtreatmentandinvolvementofallpeopleregardlessofrace,color,nationalorigin,orincomewithrespecttothedevelopment,implementation,andenforcementofenvironmentallaws,regulations,andpolicies.Whichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleofenvironmentaljustice?A.TheprotectionofhumanhealthB.ThereductionofenvironmentalhazardsC.TheequitabledistributionofenvironmentalbenefitsandburdensD.Alloftheabove二、多项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofphysicaltreatmentprocessesusedinwastewatertreatment?A.CoagulationandflocculationB.SedimentationC.FiltrationD.Adsorption2.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofbiologicaltreatmentprocessesusedinwastewatertreatment?A.AnaerobicdigestionB.AerobicdigestionC.BiofilmprocessesD.Fungaldecomposition3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofenvironmentalimpactassessmentmethods?A.LiteraturereviewB.FieldstudiesC.ModelingD.Publicparticipation4.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofsustainabledevelopmentgoals?A.NopovertyB.Goodhealthandwell-beingC.QualityeducationD.Cleanwaterandsanitation5.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofrenewableenergysources?A.SolarenergyB.WindenergyC.HydroelectricpowerD.Geothermalenergy6.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofnon-renewableenergysources?A.CoalB.OilC.NaturalgasD.Nuclearenergy7.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofecosystemservices?A.TheprovisionoffoodB.TheregulationofclimateC.TheproductionofmedicinesD.Theaestheticvalueofnature8.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofenvironmentalproblemsassociatedwithindustrialization?A.AirpollutionB.WaterpollutionC.SoilcontaminationD.Biodiversityloss9.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofenvironmentaljusticeissues?A.ThedisproportionateimpactofenvironmentalhazardsonminoritycommunitiesB.ThelackofaccesstocleanwaterandsanitationC.Thelackofparticipationinenvironmentaldecision-makingD.Theexposuretohazardouswaste10.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofsustainabletransportationpractices?A.TheuseofelectricvehiclesB.ThepromotionofpublictransportationC.ThedevelopmentofbikelanesD.Theimplementationofcongestionpricing三、判断题（每题1分，共10分）1.Theterm“eutrophication”referstotheprocessofab