中国地质大学（北京）《医学英语翻译》2025-2026学年第一学期期末试卷(B卷)

站名：站名：年级专业：姓名：学号：凡年级专业、姓名、学号错写、漏写或字迹不清者，成绩按零分记。…………密………………封………………线…………第1页，共1页中国地质大学（北京）《医学英语翻译》2025-2026学年第一学期期末试卷(B卷)注意事项:1.请考生在下列横线上填写姓名、学号和年级专业。2.请仔细阅读各种题目的回答要求，在规定的位置填写答案。3.不要在试卷上乱写乱画，不要在装订线内填写无关的内容。4.考试时间120分钟专业学号姓名题号一二三四五六七八总分统分人复查人得分得分评分人一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1.Theterm"atherosclerosis"referstothethickeningandhardeningofthearteriesduetotheaccumulationofplaque.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Itisacommoncauseofheartdiseaseandstroke.B.Itischaracterizedbythebuildupofcholesterolandothersubstancesinthearterywalls.C.Itismorecommoninindividualswithafamilyhistoryofheartdisease.D.Itcanbereversedwithlifestylechangesandmedication.2.Inthecontextofmedicalimaging,theterm"ultrasound"refersto:A.Atypeofradiationthatcanpassthroughthebodytocreateimages.B.Aprocedurethatinvolvesinsertingacatheterintoanarterytotakepicturesoftheheart.C.Atechniquethatusesmagneticfieldsandradiowavestocreatedetailedimagesofthebody'sinternalstructures.D.Adiagnostictestthatmeasurestheelectricalactivityoftheheart.3.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofappendicitis?A.PersistentcoughandfeverB.AbdominalpainthatworsenswithmovementC.DiarrheaandvomitingD.Shortnessofbreathandchestpain4.Theprocessbywhichthebodyeliminateswasteproductsthroughtheurineiscalled:A.HemolysisB.PeristalsisC.ExcretionD.Absorption5.Whichofthefollowingisariskfactorfordevelopingdiabetes?A.RegularphysicalactivityB.AdiethighinfiberC.AfamilyhistoryofdiabetesD.Asedentarylifestyle二、多项选择题（每题2分，共20分）6.ThefollowingareallexamplesofmedicaldevicesEXCEPT:A.StethoscopeB.MRImachineC.ComputerD.Scalpel7.ThefollowingareallfunctionsoftheliverEXCEPT:A.ProducingbileB.MetabolizingcarbohydratesC.FilteringbloodD.Producinginsulin8.ThefollowingareallsymptomsofasthmaEXCEPT:A.WheezingB.ShortnessofbreathC.CoughingD.Fatigue9.ThefollowingareallmethodsofcontraceptionEXCEPT:A.BirthcontrolpillsB.CondomsC.VasectomyD.Abstinence10.ThefollowingareallcomponentsofahealthydietEXCEPT:A.FruitsandvegetablesB.GrainsC.SaturatedfatsD.Leanproteins三、判断题（每题1分，共10分）11.Thehumanbodyhasfourmaintypesofbloodcells:redbloodcells,whitebloodcells,platelets,andplasma.(T/F)12.Theheartisthelargestorganinthehumanbody.(T/F)13.Afeverisanormalresponseofthebodytoinfectionandisusuallyasignofahealthyimmunesystem.(T/F)14.Thebrainislocatedinthechestcavity.(T/F)15.Thekidneysareresponsibleforfilteringwasteproductsfromthebloodandproducingurine.(T/F)16.Avaccineisasubstancethatstimulatestheimmunesystemtoproduceimmunitytoaspecificdisease.(T/F)17.Thenervoussystemisresponsibleforregulatingbodytemperature.(T/F)18.Thehumanbodyhastwokidneys,oneoneachsideofthespine.(T/F)19.Theliveristhelargestinternalorganinthehumanbody.(T/F)20.Thelungsareresponsibleforremovingcarbondioxidefromthebloodandoxygenatingtheblood.(T/F)四、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）21.Define"atherosclerosis"andexplainitssignificanceincardiovascularhealth.22.Explainthefunctionoftheliverinthehumanbodyanddescribehowitaidsindigestion.23.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisanditsimportancetotheenvironment.24.Define"immunization"andexplainhowvaccinesworktopreventinfectiousdiseases.25.Explaintheconceptof"geneticinheritance"anditsroleindetermininganindividual'straits.五、简答题（每题6分，共18分）26.Brieflyexplainthedifferencebetweena"symptom"anda"sign"inmedicine.27.Describetheroleofthenervoussysteminregulatingbodytemperature.28.Explaintheprocessofcellularrespirationanditssignificancetothebody.六、案例分析题（1题，满分12分）29.A45-year-oldmalepatientpresentstotheemergencydepartmentwithachiefcomplaintofchestpainthatradiatestohisleftarm.Hehasahistoryofhypertensionandhyperlipidemia.Thepatientreportsthatthepainisworsewithexertionandrelievedwithrest.Onexamination,thepatienthasabloodpressureof180/100mmHg,heartrateof100bpm,andthepainisdescribedasasevere,crushingse