【广东】2025年高考全国一卷英语高考真题文档版（含答案）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2025年度全国普通高校招生统一考试（全国一卷）英语学科总分150分，答题时间为120分钟。第一部分为听力测试（分为两节，合计30分）。第二板块：阅读理解（共分为两节，总分50分）第一部分（共15道题；每题2.5分，总分37.5分）请阅读以下短文，并从每道题提供的A、B、C、D四个选项中挑选出最正确的一项。AEco-friendlytransformationsofaircraft,railways,andmotorvehiclesGlobal$\text{CO}_2$emissionsaresignificantlydrivenbytheinternationalmovementofgoodsandpassengers.Inthecurrentglobalefforttoachievedecarbonization,thetransportationsectorpresentsauniquechallenge,asitcontributesapproximately25%ofallenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Thefollowingdataprovidesadetailedbreakdownofemissionsbytransportmodefortheyear2018.Transportationfuelsmustbemorethanjustenvironmentallyfriendly,affordable,andhigh-energy;theyalsoneedtobelightandsafefortransport.Differenttypesoftransporthavedistinctfuelrequirements.Whilemanychallengesremain,thefollowingaresomepotentialsolutionstohelpustransitiontogreenenergy.PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.CARS—BatteriesBatteriesareenergy-efficientandelectriccarscanplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.Newsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglecharge.TRAINS—ElectricitySometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelcellsHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucks,butmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.SHIPS—LiquidammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport,butitishardtoignite(点燃)andrequiresanengineredesign.AccordingtoKeithWipke,amechanicalengineerfromtheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,thecurrentglobalenergytransitionisimmense,andthescaleofrenewableenergyrequiredworldwideistrulystaggering.Projectionsindicatethattheglobaldemandforelectricitymayincreasebymorethantwofoldbytheyear2050.Luckily,variousanalysesindicatethatrenewableenergysourcesarecapableofmeetingthisdemand.Wipkeemphasizesthatwemustacceleratetheadvancementofgreenenergy,assertingthattherewillbesufficientdemandforallofit.1.In2018,whatwastheproportionofworldwidetransportemissionsattributedtoroadvehicles?A．11.6%

B．45.1%

C．74.5%

D．86.1%2.Whichtypeoftransportationcanbecomeenvironmentallyfriendlymoreeasily?A．飞机

B．卡车

C．火车

D．轮船3.AccordingtoWipke,whatistherecommendationconcerningthetransitionofenergy?A.Restrictingtheconsumptionoffuel.

B.Increasingthefocusonrenewableenergysources.C．提升能源利用效率。

D．降低电费支出，使电力更经济。BLastyear,inmyninth-gradewritingcourse,Iencounteredavarietyofcharacters:acowboywhorescuedhiscommunity,asternfatherwhoinsistedhissonachieveperfectgrades,andacontemporaryJulietwhopassedawayfromabrokenheartafterherparentsforbadeherfrombeingwiththeloveofherlife.Onseveraloccasions,Iquestionedhowmystudents,thecreatorsofthesefigures,possessedsuchaprofoundunderstandingoftheirsubjects.However,theirinitialessayassignmentpresentedadifferentsituation.Thepromptasked:"Whyiswritingimportant?"Themajorityofthestudentswrotelessthanafullpage,andveryfewincludedasentencethatfunctionedasaclearthesisstatement.Iwasstunnedbythis.Subsequently,Iunderstoodthattheissuelaywiththepromptitself.Whiletheymighthavewrittenextensivelyabouttheimportanceofcomputers,theactofwriting,inandofitself,didnotseemsignificanttothem.Thiswasaperceptionthatneededtobealtered.Withthebeginningofanewunit,Irequestedthateachstudentcomposeapersuasiveessayfocusingonahealth-relatedsubjectoftheirownchoosing.Onthisoccasion,thestudentsfoundthetasksignificantlymoreengaging.Forthesubsequenttwoassignments—aunitonpersonalnarrativesandaworkshopforcreativewriting—myonlyrequirementswerethattheworkadheretothespecificcharacteristicsofitsgenreandincludeaclearthesis.Theoutcomeswereastonishing.Thestudentsexploredawidearrayoftopicsandsubmittedstoriesrangingfrom10to20pages,featuringcharacterswhobothexpandedmyperspectiveanddeeplymovedme.Ienteredtheclassroomwiththeconvictionthatwritingservesasavitaltoolforcommunication.Yet,mystudentsrevealedamoreprofoundtruthtome.AsthefinalbellofJunesounded,Ileftcarryingayearbookbrimmingwithnotesthathighlightedthetruepowerofwriting:itscapacitytobridgethegapbetweenpeople,toallowustoexperiencelifefromanother'sperspective,andtoenlightenusontheessenceofbeinghuman.4.Whichindividualsarereferredtointheopeningpartofthefirstparagraph?A．九年级学生。B．学生的家长。C．当代作家。D．虚构人物。5.Whatwerethereasonsforthestudents'poorperformanceontheirinitialessay?A．时间分配不足，导致他们没有足够的时间。

B．由于词汇量匮乏，他们的表达能力非常有限。C.Theyfailedtocorrectlyunderstandthequestion.

D.Theyshowedverylittleinterestinthetopic.6.Inparagraph3,whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"staggering"?A．混合的。B．令人惊叹的。C．相似的。D．令人不安的。7.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'sexperiences?A．教学即学习。B．静水深流。C．知识就是力量。D．熟能生巧。CAlthoughtheremayhavebeenenhancementsinstreetsafetyoverthelastfewyears,researchontransportationindicatesadecreaseinthemobilityofpedestrians,particularlyregardingyoungchildren.Alargenumberofparentsclaimthatthevolumeoftrafficontheroadsistoohighfortheirchildrentowalktoschoolsecurely,andconsequently,theychoosetodrivetheminstead.荷兰作家ThaliaVerkade与MarcdeBrümmerstroet对此类事实深感困扰。在他们的新作《Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives》中，两人主张重新审视街道的定义及其在人们生活中所扮演的角色。Thenatureoflivingonurbanstreetsbegantoshiftseveraldecadesago.Entiredistrictsweredemolishedtofacilitatetheconstructionofmodernroadsystems,forcingchildrentofindotherplacestoplay.However,somelocalgroupsresistedthesechanges.ThemostnotableexampleisaCanadianjournalistwhorelocatedherfamilytoManhattanduringtheearly1950sandspearheadedamovementtopreventthedemolitionofanearbypark.Expressingherdeepconcernovertheplantoreplacethegreenspacewithahighway,JaneJacobsurgedthemayortoensureNewYorkremainedadignifiedplaceforresidentstolive,ratherthanmerelyaroutetodrivethrough.ComparablemovementsalsotookplaceinAustraliathroughoutthelate1960sand1970s.Despitetheprevalenceofthesecampaigns,thefactremainsthatmostWesterncitieswereentirelyrestructuredtoaccommodatetherequirementsofthemotorvehicle.Thevolumeofcarsontheroadshasgrownswiftly.InAustralia,therearecurrentlymorethantwentymillionvehiclesforapopulationofjustovertwenty-sixmillion,representingoneofthehighestratesofcarownershipglobally.Weallocatesignificantresourcestotheconstructionofroadsdesignedforspeed,yetweoftenoverlooktheactualexpensesinvolved.Dowetrulyunderstandthesocietalpricepaidwhenchildrenareunabletonavigatetheirownneighborhoodssafely?AstheauthorsofMovementsuggest,itisnecessarytoreconsiderourperspectiveonthestreetrightoutsideourhomes.8.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatphenomenonishighlightedbytheauthor?A.Acarisjammedontheroad.

B.Trafficcollisionshappenoften.C．人们步行减少，开车增加。

D．行人未能遵守交通规则。9.WhatwastheobjectiveoftheCanadianjournalistandtheotheractivists?A．确保城市的宜居性。B．推动文化多样性的发展。C．Provideassistancetofamiliesinneed.

D．Ensureexpresswaysareaccessible.10.Basedonthetext,whatcanbeconcludedregardingthecampaignsconductedinAustraliaduringthelate1960sandthe1970s?A.汽车的销售额因此得到了提升。

B.它们在很大程度上没起到预期效果。C．他们得到了政府的资助。

D．他们主张建设新的公园。11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthepassage?A．为何如此匆忙？B．接下来是什么？C．Wheretostay?

D．Whotoblame?D微塑料已成为全球范围内普遍存在的污染源。它们不仅沉积在深海之中，也出现在喜马拉雅山上；不仅被困在火山岩内，还充盈在海鸟的胃中，甚至在南极的新鲜积雪中被发现。如今，微塑料甚至在人体内部被检测到了。Recentstudiesindicatethatastraightforwardandinexpensivemethodcansubstantiallylowertheconcentrationofmicroplasticsintapwater:aprocessofboilingfollowedbyfiltering.AccordingtoastudyreleasedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,Chineseresearchersdiscoveredthatboilingtapwaterforfiveminutesandthenfilteringitoncecooledcaneliminate80percentormoreofthemicroplasticspresent.关键在于，该过程取决于水中是否含有足够的碳酸钙来捕捉塑料微粒。研究表明，当硬水中的碳酸钙含量达到300毫克时，通过煮沸可使塑料含量降低近90%。然而，在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样本中，煮沸仅能减少25%的塑料。此外，该研究并未涵盖所有类型的塑料，团队仅针对聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯和聚丙烯这三种常见类型进行了分析，而未研究此前在水中发现的其他化学物质，例如氯乙烯。Nevertheless,theseresultssuggestapossiblestrategyfordecreasingexposuretomicroplastics,achallengethatisgrowingmorecomplex.Previousresearchconductedbyscientistsearlierthisyearrevealedthatbottledwateractuallycontainsbetween10and1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanwaspreviouslyestimated.Researchersarecontinuingtoinvestigatetheexactlevelofharmcausedbymicroplastics,yetthecurrentfindingshavealreadysparkedapprehension.Accordingtotherecentstudy,boilingtapwatermayserveasaneffectivemethodtoreducetheingestionoftheseparticles.CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineerfromScotland'sUniversityofGlasgowwhodidnotparticipateinthestudy,informedNewScientistthatthemethodologyusedtoshowhowmicroplasticsarecapturedduringboilingwasimpressive.Shefurthersuggestedthateffortsshouldbedirectedtowardimprovingdrinkingwatertreatmentfacilitiestoensuremicroplasticsareeliminated.12.Intheopeningparagraph,inwhatwaydoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.通过引用专家的观点。

B.通过对某个概念进行定义。C．通过举例说明。D．通过提供统计数据。13.Whichfactorsinfluencetheefficiencyofcapturingmicroplasticsfromwater?A.水的硬度。

B.冷却时间的长短。C.过滤的频率。

D.水中塑料的种类。14.Inthefourthparagraph,whatistheauthor'spurposeinbringinguptheexampleofbottledwater?A.Thesignificanceofrecyclingplastics.

B.Theseriousnessofthemicroplasticissue.C.Therisksassociatedwiththeexcessiveuseofpurewater.

D.Thechallengesinvolvedinthepurificationofcontaminatedwater.15.WhatisthefocusofthesuggestionprovidedbyGauchotte-Lindsay?A．选取新的研究方法。B．后续研究的潜在方向。C．需要引入更多的研究人员。

D．研究结果的潜在应用。第二部分（共5道题；每题2.5分，总分12.5分）请阅读下列短文，并从后方的选项中挑选出最适合填入空格处的项。注意，选项中包含两个干扰项。一名无名英雄Lookingforashortrestbetweenyourcoursesorarefreshingboosttostartyourday?TheCollegeCafeoffersexactlythat,andmuchmore.16CatherineMurphyworksatacafe,wearingablackhatandagreenshirt.Sheisdiligentinensuringthateverycustomerreceivesthecorrectorder.Topreparethebeverages,shemovesconstantlybetweenthevariousmachines.17Whenhandingadrinktoacustomer,sheoffersasmileandasks,"Hello,howisyourday?"Despitethegrowingqueueofpeople,shecontinuestoengageinsincereconversationswithoutlettingtherushinterfere.Murphywakesupat4:45eachmorningandspendsthirtyminutescommutingtoensureshearrivesatworkpunctually."IdothisbecauseIenjoypreparingcoffeeforthestudents;Irealizeit'ssomethingtheyneedinthemorning,"Murphyexplained.Herexperiencesasawifeandmotherhaveshapedherintothepersonsheistoday,andshebelievesherpurposeistoserveothers.OnethingMurphymightbeunawareofisthathersmileiscontagious;itcansignificantlytransformastudent'sday,makingitmuchbrighterthanitwasbeforeencounteringher.JoannaWright,aseniormajoringinpoliticalscience,isacoffeeloverwhovisitsthecafeatleastsixdayseveryweek."Catherinealwayswearsahugesmile,whichconsistentlyputsmeinacheerfulmood,"Wrightremarked."Ilovemyjobatthecafe,"Murphyremarked.Sheisfullydeterminedtoremainthereandkeeppursuingtheworksheenjoys.A．Thiscafeshutsitsdoorsat9p.m.daily.B.Shehastwochildren,whoareeightandfouryearsold.C.Sheoccasionallyarrivesaheadofscheduletoprovidestudentswithearlyassistance.D.Oncetheorderiscomplete,sheannouncesthenamewrittenonthecup.E.Thiscafeprovidesnotonlybeveragesbutalsowarmsmiles.F.Startingherdaywithavisittothecafeputsherinagoodmoodandpreparesherforclass.G.Shehasbeenworkingherefor17yearsandcannotconceiveofworkinginanyotherplace.第三板块：语言文字运用（共分两节，总分30分）第一部分（共15道题；每题1分，总分15分）请阅读下列短文，并从每小题提供的A、B、C、D四个选项中挑选出最合适的一项。在一个八月的下午，我站在厨房里，凝视着一个自结婚以来就再未见过阳光的玻璃花瓶。MyspouseandIhadrecentlycompletedthesaleofourresidence,andwewereoccupiedwithclearingoutthecherishedhomewhereourfamilyhadlivedfor23years.Wehadalreadyselectedtheessentialbelongingstotakewithustoournewtowndwelling,givenawayvariousitems,andhiredastorageunitfortheobjectswedeemedsignificant.Consequently,thehouseremainedfilledwiththingsthat,althoughnotespeciallyvaluable,werenotsuitableforalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Iphotographedthevaseandlisteditonlinefor$10.Ireceivedafewmessages;onepersonrequestedmorephotos,whileanotheraskedforadiscount.Asthedaycametoanend,Idecidedtochangethepriceto$0andupdatedthepost.Iwrote:"Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwilllikeit."Almostimmediately,awomanrushedintomyhomeandleftjoyfullywiththevase.Icontinuedtopostmorefrequently.MydailyupdatesandtheresponsesIgotturnedintoacherishedbeaconoflightamidsttheturmoilofmyhome.EveryinteractionofferedanopportunitytoconnectwiththelandfillandbringjoytosomeoneImightnothaveencounteredotherwise.Iaminmyapartmenttoday,cherishingeverypersonwhosharesthissmallspacewithme.Ifindcomfortinthethoughtthat,somewherecloseby,someoneismissingsomethingthatwasunabletoaccompanyus.21．A．paintingover

B．lookingaround

C．emptyingout

D．pullingdown22．A.酒店B.办公室C.小屋D.公寓23．A．存放B．展示C．销售D．修理24．A．覆盖B．装饰C．填充D．配备25．A．传统的B．有价值的C．复杂的D．可忍受的26．A．费用B．照片C．收据D．模型27．A．move

B．pay

C．market

D．work28．A．警告B．请求C．描述D．回复29．A．困惑的B．感兴趣的C．失望的D．受到鼓舞的30．A．visitsB．reportsC．adviceD．money31．A．removeB．spareC．findD．check32．A．调查B．认可C．遭遇D．建议33．A.赠品B.帖子C.贡献D.财物34．A．joyB．partC．careD．time35．A．anticipatingB．appreciatingC．deliveringD．withdrawing第二部分（共10道题；每题1.5分，总分15分）请阅读下列短文，在空格处填入一个合适的单词，或将括号中的单词转换为正确形式。上海久事美术馆目前正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术作品均以围棋（英文为Go）为灵感。这项起源于中国的棋类活动已有4,000多年的历史。Goisoneofthefirstgamesbasedonabinarysystem.AccordingtoTuNingning,theexhibitioncurator,thewaytheblackandwhitepiecesmoveembodiesthefundamentalconceptsofEasternphilosophy.TustatesthattheexhibitionintegratesGoculture,state-of-the-arttechnology,andmodernart.Ourgoalisto38(present)therelativelyabstractnatureoftheGogameandAIwithinavisualframework,therebysparkingconversationswithexpressionism,conceptualart,andminimalistart.WangWei,aGoplayervisitingtheexhibition,explainsthateverymoveinaGogamemustalignwithalong-termobjective.Henotesthatyouattempttolureyouropponentintoatrap,compellingthemtofollowyour39(guide)untiltheyaredefeated.Sheaddsthatthepersonalitiesoftheplayers40(reveal)inthecourseofthegame,andtheweaknessesofoneareuncoveredbytheopponent.Adecentwinneralways41(try)todefeattheopponentby42nomorethanoneortwopointsasagestureofrespecttowardtheotherside.Tusaysthattheequilibriumbetweenthewhiteandblackpieces,theaestheticappealinthe43(strategy)positioningofthepieces,and44theflowofenergyaftereverymovemotivatedartiststoproduceoilpaintings,sculptures,45(digital)createdimages,andsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.SectionIVWriting(Consistingoftwoparts,total40points)第一部分（总分15分）46.假设你叫李华，你们班级的英语报计划增加一个新板块。外教Jenny提供了两个方案供同学们投票：Funatmyschool和GuesswhoIam。请给Jenny发送一封电子邮件，信中需涵盖以下内容：(1)由你决定；(2)请给出相应的理由。注意：(1)文章篇幅请控制在80词左右；(2)请遵循以下格式，在答题卡指定的区域内填写答案。亲爱的珍妮：IamquitefondofthesuggestiontoincorporateanewcolumnintoourEnglishnewspaper.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,李华第二部分（总分25分）47．请仔细阅读下文，结合文章主旨及提供的段落首句，续写两个段落，以完成一篇结构完整的短文。MywifeandIplannedtoinvitefamilyandfriendstoournewresidenceforasmallget-togetherinearlysummer.Whileshetookcareofpreparingplentyofsnacks,Iwasresponsiblefortidyingupthebackyard.Thechildrenhadampleroomtorunandplay.However,therewasonedetailIhadoverlooked:mybrotherdecidedtobringalonghisdog,Toby,ahigh-energy50-poundpup.Despitebeingfriendly,hecouldhaveeasilyknockedovermyyounggrandsonsandmysix-month-oldgranddaughter.Consequently,whenmybrotherarrived,IrequestedthathesuperviseTobyandkeephimoutdoors.Everythingwasproceedingaccordingtomyplan.Tobyspenthisenergysprintingacrossthebackyard,whichensuredthechildrenhadamplespace.However,followingdinner,theweathershiftedabruptly.Rainbegantofall,forcingeveryonetomoveinside.Itwasaclumsysituation.IwasreluctanttoletTobyroamfreelythroughoutthehouse,whilemybrotherwasdispleasedwiththeideaofdrivinghomewithadampdog.Intheend,mybrotherchosetodepartinsteadofinsistingonthematter.Severaldayswentbywithoutanywordfrommybrother.Isenthimamessage,hopinghewouldbewillingtomeetagain.Tomyastonishment,hisresponsewasablunt"Notachance."Itwasevidentthatheremainedupsetabouthowwehadsaidgoodbye.Afterall,Ihadessentiallylefthimwithnootheroption.Itoldmyselfthat,intime,hewouldmovepastit.Twomonthswentby.Mywifeadvisedmetoreachouttomybrother,butIrefused,believingthatheoughttobetheonetocallfirst.Nevertheless,Ifeltapersistentsenseofguilt.Iattemptedtoempathizewithmybrother'ssituation.Hewasstrugglingwithhealthproblems,andhiswifeofthirty-fiveyearshaddiedjustafewmonthsprior.Tobywashisonlysteadycompanion,theonewhoprovidedhimwiththestrengthtokeepgoing.注意:(1)续写部分的字数需控制在150词左右；(2)请参照以下格式，在答题卡指定区域填写答案。IcametorealizethatIwastheoneresponsibleforthemistake.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Carryingthebiscuitspreparedbymywife,Ireachedmybrother'shouse.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1.C

2.C

3.B【前言】本篇内容属于应用文体。文中重点分析了2018年度各类交通运输方式在温室气体排放中所占的比例，并探讨了包括汽车、飞机在内的多种交通工具在未来实现绿色燃料转型的具体路径。1．细节分析题。通过查阅图表中ROADVEHICLES栏目下的数据，可以看到ROAD(PASSENGER)为45.1%（道路客运）且ROAD(GOODS)为29.4%（道路货运）。将两者相加，可得道路车辆的总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%。由此可见，2018年全球交通排放中，道路车辆所占份额为74.5%。因此，正确选项为C。2．细节分析题。参考图表中TRAINSElectricity部分的描述：“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.”（部分火车已利用电线或轨道完成电气化，其余的则能以较为简便的方法转化为电力驱动）。由此可见，在各类交通工具中，火车实现绿色环保转型的难度较低。因此，正确选项为C。3．细节理解题。由文章末尾Wipke的话“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused.”（Wipke表示：我们需要加快绿色能源的开发，且这些能源将全部被利用起来）可以推断出，Wipke认为应当增加对可再生能源（即绿色能源）的投入。因此，正确答案为B项。4．D

5．D

6．B

7．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文中详细记录了作者在担任写作课教师期间，通过实际的教学过程，逐步领悟学生写作动力之源，并深刻体会到写作之真实意义的成长心路历程。4．细节分析题。通过阅读文章首段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightAs,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,whocreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.”（去年，在我教授的九年级写作课中，我遇到了一个拯救家乡的牛仔、一个要求儿子所有科目必须拿A的严父，以及一个在父母反对其初恋后心碎而亡的现代版朱丽叶。我多次在心中好奇，那些创造出这些人物的学生，是如何如此深刻地把握这些角色的）。由此可见，文中所述的牛仔、严父及现代版朱丽叶均是学生在写作练习中构思的虚构角色。因此，正确选项为D。5．推理判断题。参考文章第二段内容：“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant.”（大多数作文长度不到一页，且极少有文章包含能够被定义为论点的句子。这令我感到震惊。随后我发现，症结在于题目本身。尽管他们能就计算机的必要性大写特写，但对于“写作”这一主题，他们完全不感兴趣。）由此可以推断，学生在撰写首篇作文时效果不理想，其核心原因在于他们对写作这一议题缺乏兴趣。因此，正确选项为D。6．词义推断题。通过分析文章第三段中划线词后的内容：“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.”（学生们选择了各异的主题，提交的故事篇幅在10至20页之间，其中的角色不仅开阔了我的眼界，更深深打动了我），可以推断出，此处强调学生创作的故事内容充实且具有感染力，与他们先前的状态形成了鲜明对比。划线词staggering的意思是“令人惊叹的”或“惊人的”，这与B选项中的Amazing（惊人的）在语义上完全吻合。因此，正确答案为B。7．推理判断题。在通读全文后，重点分析文章末段内容：“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother'sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.”（起初，我进入教室时认为写作的核心价值在于其作为沟通手段的重要性。但学生们让我意识到了更深层的意义。六月终场铃响，我带着一本写满留言的年鉴离开，这些文字揭示了写作最震撼的力量：它能将人们联系在一起，引导我们设身处地地思考，并启迪我们关于人性真谛的认知。）结合全篇来看，作者在指导学生写作的过程中，自身也对写作的本质有了新的感悟，这种双向的影响过程正是“教学相长”的体现。因此，选项ATeachingislearning（教学相长）与文中作者通过教学获得认知升级的描述相契合。正确答案为A。8．C

9．A

10．B

11．A【导语】本篇文章属于议论文。作者重点探讨了西方城市在规划中过度依赖汽车导向，从而导致行人出行便捷度降低，特别是儿童步行机会大幅减少的现状。通过对历史实例的回顾与当前局势的剖析，文章旨在引导读者重新审视街道的功能定位，并强调提升城市宜居性的必要性。8．细节理解题。通过阅读文章首段内容可知：“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaytherestoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.”（尽管近些年街道的安全设施有所提升，但交通研究显示，行人的出行能力在下降，尤其是年幼的孩子。不少家长认为道路车辆过多，孩子无法安全地步行前往学校，因此选择开车送孩子。）由此可见，作者所描述的现象是步行人数在减少，而开车出行的人数在增加。因此，正确选项为C。9．推理判断题。依据文中第三段内容：Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampionNewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.（最著名的是，一名加拿大记者于20世纪50年代初将家人迁至曼哈顿，并主导了一场旨在保护当地公园免遭破坏的活动。JaneJacobs在表达对将公园改为高速公路计划的担忧时，敦促市长将纽约打造为一个宜居的城市，而非仅仅是一个快速通过的通道。）由此可以分析出，该加拿大记者及其他参与活动的人士目标是维护城市的宜居特质。因此，正确答案为A。10．推理判断题。参考文章倒数第二段的内容：“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.”（尽管相关运动开展得较为广泛，但事实是，绝大多数西方城市已完全根据汽车的需求进行了重新规划。道路上的车辆总数也在快速增长）。由此可以推断，在20世纪60年代末至70年代，澳大利亚开展的竞选活动并未能遏制汽车的普及与发展，其实际效果微乎其微。因此，正确选项为B。11．主旨大意题。通过阅读全文，特别是结合末段内容“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan'tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?（我们在旨在提升通行速度的道路建设上投入巨资，却忽略了真实的代价。当孩子们无法在社区内安全行走时，我们是否意识到社会整体所承受的损失？）”可以推断，文章旨在批判城市规划中过度追求交通效率而轻视行人需求的倾向。A项“WhytheRush?（为何如此匆忙？）”直接质疑了“rushthrough（快速通过）”的规划逻辑，与文章主旨高度一致，是最恰当的标题。因此，正确答案为A。12.C

13.A

14.B

15.D【导语】这是一篇说明文，旨在阐述一项旨在降低自来水中微塑料浓度的最新研究成果。目前，微塑料污染已在全球范围内扩散，甚至侵入了人体组织。中国科研团队的研究表明，通过将自来水煮沸五分钟，待其冷却后再进行过滤，能够大幅度减少水中的微塑料含量。尽管该研究尚未覆盖全部的塑料种类及化学成分，但它提供了一种可行的应对方案。苏格兰的一位环境工程师认为，该研究证实了煮沸处理的实际效果，并提议通过升级饮用水处理厂的设施来大规模推广这一方法。12．推理判断题。由文章首段内容可知，作者列举了微塑料存在于深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃部以及南极新雪中，甚至已进入人体内部（MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarththeyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.），旨在通过这些具体实例来揭示微塑料污染的严峻问题。因此，正确选项为C。13．细节理解题。由文章第二段所述内容可知：关键在于，该过程需要水中具备充足的碳酸钙以捕捉塑料微粒。研究数据显示，当硬水中的碳酸钙含量为300毫克时，通过煮沸可使塑料含量降低近90%；而对于碳酸钙含量不足60毫克的样本，煮沸仅能降低25%的塑料含量。由此可见，水的硬度是决定截留微塑料效果的关键因素。因此，正确选项为A。14．推理判断题。参考文章第四段内容：“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposureatataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.”（尽管如此，研究结果为减少微塑料接触提供了潜在的解决方向，而这项任务正变得愈发艰巨。科学家们在今年早些时候发现，即便是在瓶装水中，微塑料的含量也比最初的估计高出10至1000倍。）由此可以推论，作者通过提及瓶装水的例子，旨在强调微塑料污染问题的严峻程度。因此，正确选项为B。15．推理判断题。由文章末段内容可知，未参与该项研究的苏格兰格拉斯哥大学环境工程师CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay在接受《新科学家》杂志采访时表示，研究中关于煮沸过程中微塑料被截留的演示非常出色，并指出应当探讨通过升级饮用水处理设施来剔除微塑料。由此可以推断，CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay提出的关于升级饮用水处理厂的建议，实际上是该研究成果在现实中的一种潜在应用方向。因此，正确答案为D。16.E

17.D

18.C

19.F

20.G【导语】这是一篇叙事类文章。文中详细描写了大学咖啡馆的员工凯瑟琳·墨菲如何凭借热忱的微笑与真诚的服务，为校园里的学生们传递温暖，旨在刻画这位平凡岗位上英雄的感人形象。16．由文段中“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.”（课间想休息一下，或者早晨需要快速提神？大学咖啡馆能满足这些需求，且不仅限于此。）可知，文章开头介绍了咖啡馆的基本作用，随后的空格应进一步拓展其深层含义。E选项“Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.”（这家咖啡馆不仅供应饮品，还传递微笑。）利用“Notonly...also...”句式，在衔接“饮品”这一功能的同时，自然地引出下文关于墨菲微笑服务的核心内容，与上下文语境契合。因此，正确答案为E。17．结合前文提到的“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.”（她在机器间往返制作饮品）以及后文描述的“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,Hello,howisyourday?Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn'tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.”（当顾客接过饮品时，她微笑着询问对方今天过得如何；即便排队人数增加，她依然保持真诚的沟通），可以分析出，空格处应填入制作饮品之后、交付饮品之前的步骤。D选项“Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.”（完成订单后，她呼唤杯上的名字）中的“finishinganorder”与前文的“makethedrinks”相衔接，而“callsoutthename