冀教版八年级上英语各单元知识点归纳

冀教版八年级上英语各单元知识点归纳亲爱的同学们，八年级上册的英语学习是承上启下的关键时期。这份知识点归纳旨在帮助大家系统梳理各单元核心内容，夯实基础，提升综合运用能力。请结合课本和课堂笔记，将这些知识点融会贯通，学以致用。Unit1MeandMyClass本单元围绕“自我与班级”展开，重点在于介绍个人情况、描述他人特征以及初步的人际交往。重点词汇*形容词：new,happy,excited,friendly,kind,helpful,hard-working,good,nice,strong,weak(反义词),tall,short(反义词),young,old(多义词),big,small(反义词)*动词：meet,know,like,love,help,study,learn,think,speak,tell,make(friends)*名词：class,classmate,friend,teacher,student,school,name,age,birthday,hobby,family*代词：I,me,my,we,us,our,you,your,he,him,his,she,her,her,they,them,their*疑问词：who,what,how,where,when核心句型1.Hello!/Hi!Mynameis.../I'm...2.Nicetomeetyou./Gladtomeetyou.3.Thisis...(介绍他人)4.What'syourname?/Howoldareyou?/Whereareyoufrom?5.Ilike...(名词/动词-ing形式)./Myhobbyis...6.He/Sheis...(描述外貌或性格)7.He/Shelikes...(第三人称单数)8.Whatdoeshe/shelooklike?(询问外貌)9.Whatishe/shelike?(询问性格品质)语法焦点*be动词的一般现在时：am,is,are的用法。*Iam,Youare,He/She/Itis.We/You/Theyare.*否定句：在be动词后加not。*一般疑问句：将be动词提到句首。*物主代词：my,your,his,her,its,our,their(形容词性物主代词，后接名词)。*人称代词：主格(I,you,he...)和宾格(me,you,him...)的基本用法。交际用语*初次见面的问候与回应。*介绍自己和他人。*询问和谈论个人基本信息及爱好。Unit2MyFavouriteSchoolSubject本单元聚焦于“学校生活与学科喜好”，学习如何谈论学校科目、课程安排以及表达喜好。重点词汇*动词：like,love,enjoy,prefer,hate,study,learn,have(class),start,finish,begin*名词：subject,lesson,class,school,day,week,time,favourite,reason,interest,book,homework,test,exam*形容词：favourite,interesting,boring,easy,difficult,hard,useful,important,fun*副词：very,too,so,really,often,usually,sometimes核心句型1.What'syourfavouritesubject?/Myfavouritesubjectis.../Ilike...best.2.Whydoyoulike...?/Becauseit's...(interesting/useful/etc.).3.Whatsubjectsdoyouhave?/Wehave...4.Whendoyouhave...?/Wehave...onMonday(s)/Tuesday(s)...5.Ithink...iseasy/difficult.6.Doyoulike...?/Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.7.Iprefer...(to...)(比起...我更喜欢...)8.Howmanylessonsdoyouhaveeveryday?语法焦点*一般现在时（行为动词）：*主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es(如：likes,studies,has)。*否定句和疑问句借助助动词do/does。*频度副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,never的用法及位置。*特殊疑问句：Howmany...?Why...?When...?交际用语*询问和表达对学科的喜好及原因。*谈论学校课程和时间安排。*表达对事物的看法（有趣、无聊等）。Unit3FamiliesCelebrateTogether本单元主题是“家庭与节日”，学习谈论家庭成员、家庭活动以及不同节日的习俗。重点词汇*家庭成员：father,dad,mother,mum,parent,parents,brother,sister,son,daughter,grandfather,grandma,grandmother,grandpa,grandparent,grandparents,uncle,aunt,cousin,family*节日名称：SpringFestival,LanternFestival,DragonBoatFestival,Mid-AutumnFestival,Christmas,Thanksgiving,NewYear'sDay,birthday*动词：celebrate,gettogether,have(dinner/party),eat,drink,make,cook,give,receive,send,say,wish,decorate,visit,love,help*名词：festival,holiday,dinner,party,gift,present,food,cake,dumpling,mooncake,zongzi,tradition,custom,happiness,joy*形容词：happy,wonderful,special,important,favourite,traditional核心句型1.Whoishe/she?/He's/She'smy...2.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?/Thereare...peopleinmyfamily.3.Whatdoyouusuallydofor...(festival)?/Weusually...4.Wegettogetherandhaveabigdinner.5.Peopleeat...onthisday.6.Doyoucelebrate...?/Yes,wedo./No,wedon't.7.Happy...!/Merry...!语法焦点*Therebe句型：表示“某地有某物/某人”。*Thereis+单数名词/不可数名词。*Thereare+复数名词。*一般疑问句：Is/Arethere...?*否定句：Thereisn't/aren't...*一般现在时的用法巩固：描述经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，特别是节日习俗。*名词复数：不规则变化(如：child-children,man-men,woman-women)。交际用语*谈论家庭成员和家庭生活。*询问和描述节日习俗和庆祝活动。*节日祝福。Unit4MyFavouriteFood本单元围绕“食物与健康饮食”展开，学习各类食物名称、点餐用语以及讨论饮食习惯。重点词汇*食物名称：rice,noodles,dumplings,hamburger,bread,cake,egg,milk,juice,water,tea,coffee,meat,chicken,fish,pork,beef,vegetable,tomato,potato,carrot,cabbage,onion,fruit,apple,banana,orange,pear,grape,watermelon*动词：like,love,enjoy,want,wouldlike,have,eat,drink,make,cook,buy,order,need*名词：food,drink,meal,breakfast,lunch,supper,dinner,snack,fruit,vegetable,meat,drink,restaurant,menu,dish,taste*形容词：delicious,tasty,nice,good,sweet,sour,salty,bitter,hot,cold,healthy,unhealthy,fresh,favourite*量词：abowlof,aplateof,aglassof,acupof,apieceof核心句型1.What'syourfavouritefood/drink?/Myfavouritefood/drinkis...2.Ilike...(food)verymuch./Idon'tlike...3.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?/Yes,please./No,thanks.4.Whatwouldyoulike?/I'dlike...(abowlofnoodles...)5.Helpyourselfto...6.It'sdelicious./Ittastesgood.7.Weshouldeatmorevegetablesandfruit.8.Howmuchisit?(询问价格，不可数名词)/Howmany...doyouwant?(询问数量，可数名词)语法焦点*可数名词与不可数名词：*可数名词有单复数形式，可被a/an,many,some,few修饰。*不可数名词没有复数形式，可被some,much,alittle修饰，常用“a+量词+of”结构。*情态动词"wouldlike"：表示委婉的请求或意愿，相当于"want"，但语气更客气。*I'dlike(toeat).../Wouldyoulike...?*如何询问和表达食物数量：Howmany...?(可数)/Howmuch...?(不可数)交际用语*谈论喜爱的食物和饮料。*在餐厅点餐或接受款待时的常用表达。*表达对食物的评价。*讨论健康饮食。Unit5GoingShopping本单元主题是“购物”，学习如何询问价格、尺寸、颜色，以及表达购物意愿和喜好。重点词汇*衣物名称：clothes,coat,jacket,shirt,T-shirt,sweater,dress,skirt,pants,trousers,shoes,socks,hat,cap,scarf,glove,uniform*购物相关：shop,store,supermarket,market,goshopping,buy,sell,price,money,yuan,dollar,size,colour/color,style,tryon,lookat,take,need,want*形容词：cheap,expensive,dear,new,old,big,small,long,short,red,blue,yellow,green,black,white,favourite,beautiful,nice,good*疑问词：howmuch,whatcolour,whatsize*动词：look,see,try,take,buy,cost,spend核心句型1.CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/I'mlookingfor...2.Whatcolour/sizewouldyoulike?/I'dlike...(red/sizeM...)3.Howmuchisit?/Howmucharethey?/It's...yuan./They're...yuan.4.It'stooexpensive./That'scheap.5.CanItryit/themon?/Sure.Hereyouare.6.I'lltakeit/them.7.Doyouhaveanyothercolours/sizes?语法焦点*特殊疑问句"Howmuch...?"：用于询问价格或不可数名词的数量。*指示代词this,that,these,those：*this/that指代单数名词或不可数名词。*these/those指代复数名词。*回答时常用it代替this/that，用they代替these/those。*情态动词"can"：表示能力或许可。CanI...?(我可以...吗?)交际用语*商店购物时的常用对话（店员与顾客）。*询问价格、颜色、尺寸。*表达购买意愿。Unit6MyHobbies本单元探讨“兴趣爱好”，学习如何谈论自己和他人的兴趣爱好、业余活动以及能力。重点词汇*名词：hobby,interest,time,sport,game,music,book,TV,film,movie,photo,picture,stamp,club*形容词：interesting,fun,boring,difficult,easy,good,great,favourite*副词：well,verymuch,alot核心句型1.What'syourhobby?/Myhobbyis.../Ilike...(doingsth.)2.Doyoulike...(doingsth.)?/Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.3.He/Shelikes...(doingsth.).(注意第三人称单数)4.Ienjoy...(doingsth.).5.Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourfreetime?6.Canyou...(swim/sing...)?/Yes,Ican./No,Ican't./Ican...alittle./Ican...verywell.7.It'sinteresting/fun.语法焦点*动词-ing形式：*作宾语：likedoingsth.,enjoydoingsth.,lovedoingsth.*作表语：Myhobbyisswimming.*情态动词"can"：表示能力。*肯定句：主语+can+动词原形.*否定句：主语+can't+动词原形.*一般疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形?*一般现在时中第三人称单数的用法：当主语是he/she/it或单数名词时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式(likes,does,plays等)。交际用语*询问和表达兴趣爱好。*谈论业余活动。*询问和表达能力。Unit7SchoolLife本单元继续深入“学校生活”，拓展到学校设施、校规、校园活动以及日常作息。重点词汇*校园活动：havelessons,haveclasses,haveameeting,haveasportsmeeting,playgames,domorningexercises,singsongs,drawpictures,readbooks,cleantheclassroom*校规与日常：rule,must,mustn't,should,shouldn't,early,late,ontime,intime,quiet,noisy,clean,dirty,listentotheteacher,handinhomework,wearschooluniform*动词：arrive,start,begin,finish,end,have,do,make,listen,speak,read,write,clean,keep,wear,follow*名词：time,day,morning,afternoon,evening,break,lunchbreak,homework,activity,meeting,exam,test,sport核心句型1.Whattimedoesschoolstart/finish?/Schoolstartsat...andfinishesat...2.Wehave...lessonsinthemorning/afternoon.3.Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?4.Youmust/mustn't...(followtherules)5.Weshould/shouldn't...6.Don'tbelateforschool./Bequietinthelibrary.7.Thereisalibrary/aplaygroundinourschool.语法焦点*情态动词"must"/"mustn't"/"should"/"shouldn't"：*must(必须)/mustn't(禁止，不允许)*should(应该)/shouldn't(不应该)*祈使句：表示命令、请求、劝告等。*