考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷473

考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷473

一、阅读(补全短文)(本题共16题，每题1.0分，共

16分。)

|A]Somearchaeologicalsiteshavealwaysbeeneasilyobservable—forexample,(he

ParthenoninAthens,Greece;ihepyramidsofGizainEgypt;andthemegalithsof

StonehengeinsouthernEngland.Butthesesitesareexceptionstothenorm.Most

archaeologicalsiteshavebeenlocatedbymeansofcarefulsearching,whilemanyothers

havebeendiscoveredbyaccident.OlduvaiGorge,anearlyhominidsiteinTanzania,was

foundbyabutterflyhunterwholiterallyfellintoitsdeepvalleyin1911.Thousandsof

AztecartifactscametolightduringthediggingoftheMexicoCitysubwayinthe1970s.

[B]Inanothercase,AmericanarchaeologistsReneMillionandGeorgeCowgillspent

yearssystematicallymappingtheentirecityofTeotihuacanintheValleyofMexiconear

whatisnowMexicoCityatitspeakaroundAD600,thiscitywasoneofthelargest

humansettlementsintheworld.Theresearchersmappednotonlythecity'svastand

ornateceremonialareas,but"sohundredsofsimplerapartmentcomplexeswhere

commonpeoplelived.|C]Howdoarchaeologistsknowwheretofindwhattheyare

lookingforwhenthereisnothingvisibleon(hesurfaceoftheground?Typically,they

surveyandsample(maketestexcavationson)largeareasofterraintodeterminewhere

excavationwillyieldusefulinformation.Surveysandtestsampleshavealsobecome

importantforunderstanding(helargerlandscapesthatcontainarchaeologicalsites.

[D]Surveyscancoverasinglelargesettlementorentirelandscapes.Inonecase,many

researchersworkingaroundtheancientMayacityofCopan,Honduras,havelocated

hundredsofsmallruralvillagesandindividualdwellingsbyusingaerialphotographsand

bymakingsurveysonfoot.Theresultingsettlementmapsshowhowthedistributionand

densityoftheruralpopulationaroundthecitychangeddramaticallybetweenAD500and

850,whenCopancollapsed.[E]Tofindtheirsites,archaeologiststodayrelyheavilyon

systematicsurveymethodsar.davarietyofhigh-tcchnologytoolsandtechniques.

Airbornetechnologies,suchasdifferenttypesofradarandphotographicequipment

carriedbyairplanesorspacecraft,allowarchaeologiststolearnaboutwhatliesbeneath

(hegroundwithoutdigging.Aerialsurveyslocategeneralareasofinterestorlarger

buriedfeatures,suchasancientbuildingsorfields.[F]Mos(archaeologicalsites,

however,arediscoveredbyarchaeologistswhohavesetouttolookforthem.Such

searchescanlakeyears.BritisharchaeologistHowardCarterknewthatthe(ombofthe

EgyptianpharaohTutankhamumexistedfrominformationfoundinothersites.Carter

siftedthroughrubbleintheValleyoftheKingsforsevenyearsbeforehelocatedthe

tombin1922.Inthelate1800sBritisharchaeologistSirArthurEvanscombedantique

dealers'storesinAthens,Greece.Hewassearchingfortingengravedsealsattributedto

theancientMycenaeanculturethatdominatedGreecefromthe1400sto1200sBC.

Evans'sinterpretationsofthoseengravingseventuallyledthemtofindtheMinoanpalace

a(Knossos(Knosos),ontheislandofCrete,in1900.[G]Groundsurveysallow

archaeologiststopinpointtheplaceswheredigswillbesuccessful.Mostgroundsurxeys

involvealotofwalking,lookingforsurfacecluessuchassmallfragmentsofpottery.

Theyoftenincludeacertainamountofdiggingtotestforburiedmaterialsatselected

pointsacrossalandscape.Archaeologistsalsomaylocateburiedremainsbyusingsuch

technologiesasgroundradar,magnetic-fieldrecording,andmetaldetectors.

Archaeologistscommonlyusecomputerstomapsitesandthelandscapesaroundsites.

Twoandthree-dimensionalmapsarehelpfultoolsinplanningexcavations,illustrating

howsiteslook,andpresentingtheresultsofarchaeologicalresearch.Order:

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章一共七段，第二段和第四段已经给出，首段空缺。首段应当是一

个提纲挈领式的开始，能够引出文章后面内容或者概括文章内容。浏览各段主要

内容，发现除了已经给定的A项、E项之外，C项最适合作为首段，很明显C项

引出了文章的主题，暗示考生文章主要讲的是考古学家发现遗址常用的两种方

法.因此本题选择C项作为首段。

2、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本题需要确定笫三段。第二段A项的开头句为Somearchaeological

siteshavealwaysbeeneasilyobservable（一些遗址总是很容易被发现）。浏览浏览剩下

的B、D、F、G项，发现F项的开头句为Mostarchaeologicalsites,however,arc

discoveredbyarchaeologistswhohavesetouttolookfor[hem（不过大部分遗址还是被

那些专门寻找它们的考古学家发现的），与A项内容形成转折。因此，本题选择F

项作为第三段。

3、

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本题需要确定第五段。浏览剩下的B、D、G项，发现G项开头为

Groundsurveys,结合段中Archaeologistsalsomaylocateburiedremainsbyusing

suchtechnologiesas…可知G项主要讲发现遗址的一些科技手段。而已经给定的第

四段E项第一句便是段落主旨句，段中还出现了Airbornetechnologies,Aerial

surveys等。因此G项与E项的内容是一脉相承的，可以确定第五段是G项。

4、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题需要确定第六段。只剩下B、D两个备选项了，因此相对来说容

易些。浏览发现B项开头有Inanothercase,而D项第二句开头是Inonecase,很

明显B项排在D项之后。因此本题选择D项作为第六段。

5、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题需要确定第七段。B项开头Inanothercase,正好与第七段D项

Inonecase相照应，因此选B项。

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,"ADinneratPoplarWalk"broughttearstoDickens'seyes

whenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,

whichappearedunderthepenname"Boz"inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhima

modestreputation.|B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerally

knowntoday,securedDickens'sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,

andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.[CISoon

afterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryin

monthlyinsiallmenis,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbyiheihen-famousanisi

RobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristic

confidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour'spicturesillustratehisownstory

instead.Afterthefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrecta

drawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,

wentintohisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickens

andhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel.ThePosthumous

PapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837andwasfirstpublished

inbookformin1837.[DICharlcsDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomany

people,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocial

reformer,Dickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethe

panoramaofEnglishsociety.(E)Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison,Dickensgota

betterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.Hetaughthimselfshorthandtogetonevenbetter

joblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime,

Dickens,whohadareporter'seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhimespecially

anythingcomicoradd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.[FJDickenswas

borninPortsmouth,onEnglandssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritish

Navypayoffice—arespectableposition,butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternal

grandparents,astewardandahousekeeper,possessedevenlessstatus,havingbeen

servants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dickens'smothersupposedly

camefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickens'sbirth,hismother's

fatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily'sincreasing

povertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage1?toworkinWarren'sBlackingWarehouse,

ashoe-polishingfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas"theyoung

gentleman."Hisfatherwas(henimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather's

imprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens'sgreatestwoundand

becamehisdeepsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughthey

providetheacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.[G|AfterPickwick,Dickensplunged

intoableakerworld.InOlivei'Twist,hetracesanorphan'sprogressfromtheworkhouse

tothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthe

darknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.Thepopularityofthesenovels

consolidatedDickensasanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.

回一E2.3.1匕1J一国一H

6、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：根据题目说明，B、D选项位置已知，并且D项是作为首段出现。D

项介绍了狄更斯的身份地位，F项开头部分也是对于狄更斯出身的介绍，根据常

理推断，讲述其出生地的内容应该在文章开篇的前两段提到，并且之后的内容介

绍了其父母、家庭信息，也能构成语义的衔接，故选F。

7、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：F项后半段大量提到了狄更斯父亲被判入狱的事情以及对其后期小说

写作的影响，观察剩下的几个选项，E项的段首提到了soonafterhisfather's

releasefromprison,Dickensgota…，「是该选项可以和P项的内容构成最大衔

接，故选E。

8、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：观察E项末句，该句提到狄更斯对于生活的视角，并能根据生活内

容来创作，把创作内容提交给杂志，其H」submittedshortsketchestoobscure

magazines和A项的首句Thefirstpublishedsketch"ADinneratPoplarWork”能够连

贯衔接，故选A。

9、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该题可以根据A项的最后一句或B项的段首句来进行判断，B项首

句提到了特指的therunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,再观察剩下的选项，C

项的末句提到了Thecomicnovel»ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClubs...,

可以构成衔接，故选C。

10、

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据排除法，还剩下G项，并且B项末句提到的Pickwick也能和G

项开头的afterPickwick构成衔接，故选G。

[A]YoumayhavetoimpressthecompanyHRrepresentativesaswell.HRrepsare

typicallytrainedtoaskveryspecificandpersonalquestions,likewhatsalaryyouexpect

andwhatyou'vemadeinthepast.Theymightaskyouaboutyourimpressionsof(he

companyand(hepeoplewhointerviewedyou.Theymightalsoaskifyouhaveother

offers.Ifso,chancesaregoodthattheyarewillingtocompeteforyou.Butifyousay

(hatyouhaveotheroffers,bepreparedtobackitupwiththewho,wha(andwhen,

becausetheymightchallengeyou.TheHRrepsarealsothepeoplewhowillconductor

arrangereferenceandbackgroundchecks.Theymighthavethefinalsay.[B|Besides

management,youmightalsointerviewwithoneormoreofyourfuturecoworkers.

Regardlessofthequestionstheyask,whattheymostreallywanttoknowishowwell

you'llfitintothetCciiii,ifyou'llcauseliiummoreworkinslcacufless,andiflliuyshould

feelthreatenedbyyou.Whenanswering,beeagerenoughtoshowthatyouarcagood

(earnplayerandwillpullyourload,butnotsoeagerastoappeartobeaback-stabbing

ladderclimber![C]Alwaysresearchacompanybeforeyouinterview,andrememberthat

attire,bodylanguageandmannerscount,bigtime.Trytoavoidcommonmistakes.You

maythinkthatthisiscommonsense,butcrazystuffreallyhappens![D]Jobinterviewing

isoneofthemostpopularcareertopicsontheWeb.Butnocareeradvisorcantellyou

exactlywhattosayduringajobinterview.Interviewsarejusttooup-closeandpersonal

forthat.Aboutthebestthatcareeradvisorscando,istogiveyousometipsaboutthe

typicalquestionstoexpect,soyoucanpracticeanswering(hemaheadoftime.But,while

(herearemanycannedinterviewquestions,(herearefewcannedanswers.Therestisup

toyou.[E]Bepreparedtoattendasecondinterviewa(thesamecompany,andmaybe

evenathirdorfourth.Ifyou'recalledbackformoreinterviews,itmeansthatthey're

interestedinyou.But,itdoesn'tmeanyou'reashooin.Mostlikely,theyarenarr