考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷12

考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷12

一、阅读9翻译句子）（本题共30题，每题7.0分，共

30分。）

Therealheroineofthenovelstandsatoneremovetothenarrative.[Fl]On【hefaceof

il,readersaremorelikelytoempalhizewiih,andbecuriousaboutihemysleriousand

resourcefulslave.Sarah,whoformsonepoinlofanemotionaliriangle.Sarahisthe

propertyofManon,andcamewithhertoafailingLouisianasugarplantationonher

marriagetothegood-for-nothing,bullyingowner.ButManon'shusbandissoonstruckby

Sarah,andtheproofliesintheiridiotsmallson,Walter.However,thereaderisforcedto

secthingsthroughManon'seyes,notSarah's,andherconsciousnessisnotacomfortable

placetobe.Neverapleaseorathankyoupassesherlipswhentalkingtoslaves,though

mannersistheorderofthedayinwhitesociety.Manonisenormouslyattractedbyinter­

racialmarriage（fortheplaceandtime-lheearly19thcentury—suchaconcernwouldnot

beunusual,butinhercaseitseemspathological）.[F2]Walter,with“hisfather'scurly

redhairandgreeneyes,hismother'sgoldenskin,herfull,pushing-forwardlips”,isthe

objectofherespecialhatred,butshechattersonaboutallthe“dreadfulmixed-blooded'：

theobjectionable"yellow"People.BeyondManon'spolarizedvision,weglimpse"free

negros"andtheemergingblackmiddle-class.ToManon'sdisgust,suchpeopleactually

haveself-respect.InNewOrleansbuyingshoes,Manonistakenabackbythe

shopkeeper'slackofdesiredrespect.[F3]Mixedraceprostitutesacquiredtheaffections

ofmaleplantersbygivingthemsomethingmysterioustheirwivescannotoften:What

thatmightbe,andwhywivescan'tofferittoo,arcquestionsManoncan'tevenask,let

aloneanswer.Thefirstthirdofthebookexplorestheuneasyandunsustainablepeace

betweenManon,Sarahandthemanalwayscalledjust'myhusband"or"he".Againstthe

backgroundofviolentslaverevoltsandequallysavagerevenges,it'sclearthepeace

cannotlast.[F4]It'spartofthesubtletyofthisbookthatasthestorydevelopsandthe

inevitableexplosionoccurs,ourviewofallthecharactersswifUychanges.[F5]Sarah

turnsoutiodeserveallthesuspicionManondirectsalher;atthepointofdeathManon's

husbanddisplaysanadmirableloughnessandcourage;andManonherselfwins（he

reader'srelucianladmirationforherbravery、herendurance,andherlotallackofself-

pily.Perhapsthecruelestaspectofthissocietyisthewayitbreaksdownanddistorts

familyaffections.Aslave'sbabyisusuallysoldsoonafterbirth;Sarah'swould-be

husband,ifhewantsher,mustbuyher;andManonherself,afterall,isonlytheproperty

ofherhusband.

1、[Fl]

标准答案：表面上看，读者更容易对神秘而足智多谋的女奴莎拉产生同情和好奇，

因为她成为了三角恋爱关系中的一角。

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[F2]

标准答案：沃特继承了“他父亲红色的卷发和绿眼睛，他母亲金色的皮肤和丰满

的、向前凸起的嘴唇”，因此成了玛侬特别憎恨的对象，但是她仍然喋喋不休地谈

论着所有“可怕的混血”,讨厌的“黄种”人。

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[F3]

标准答案：异族的妓女们得到了男种植园主们的喜爱，因为她们可以提供妻子不能

给予的一些神秘的东西：那些东西到底是什么?为什么妻子不能给予?这都是玛侬提

不出来的问题，更别提回答了。

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、[F4]

标准答案：这本书的微妙之处在于随着故事情节的发展，当感情不可避免地突然爆

发时，我们对所有人物的看法突然都发生了改变。

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[F5]

标准答案：原来玛侬对莎拉的所有的怀疑都是有根据的；在死亡之际，玛侬的丈夫

表现出令人钦佩的坚强和勇气：而玛侬本人则赢得了读者对她的勇敢、坚忍和毫不

自怜的个性的由衷的钦佩。

知识点解析：暂无解析

[Fl]Materialculturereferstothetouchable,material"things—physicalobjectsthat

canbeseen*held,felt,used-thataculluieproduces.Examiningaculture'stoolsand

technologycantellusaboutthegroup'shistoryandwayoflife.Similarly,researchinto

thematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpustounderstandthemusic-culture.Themostvivid

bodyof"things"init,ofcourse,aremusicalinstruments.[F2]Wecanno」hearfor

ourselvestheactualsoundofanymusicalperformancebeforethe1870swhenihe

phonogiaphwasinvented、sowerelyoninstrumentsforimportantinfoimationabotn

music-cultuiesintheremotepastandtheirdevelopment.Herewehavetwokindsof

evidence:instrumentswellpreservedandinstrumentspicturedinart.Throughthestudy

ofinstruments,aswellaspaintings,writtendocuments,andsoon,wccanexplorethe

movementofmusicfromtheNearEasttoChinaoverathousandyearsago,orwecan

outlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentof

mostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra.Sheetmusicorprintedmusic,too,is

materialculture.Scholarsoncedefinedfolkmusic-culturesasthoseinwhichpeoplelearn

andsingmusicbyearratherthanfromprint,butresearchshowsmutualinfluenceamong

oralandwrittensourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,BritainandAmerica.

Printedversionslimitvarietybecausetheytendtostandardizeanysong,yetthey

stimulatepeopletocreatenewanddifferentsongs.【F3】Bisides,iheabilily【oread

musicnotationhasafar-reachingeffeclonmusiciansand,whenilbecomeswidespread,

onthemusic-cultureasawhole.Musicisdeep-rootedintheculturalbackgroundthat

fostersit.Wenowpaymoreandmoreattentiontotraditionalorethnicfeaturesinfolk

musicandarewillingtopreservethefolkmusicaswedowithmanytraditionalcultural

heritage.Musiciansallovertheworldarcbusywithrecordingclassicmusicintheir

countryforthesakeoftheiruniqueculture.[F4]Asalways、peeDle'saspirationwi!l

alwaysfocusontheirindividualityralherihanuniversalfealuresthalaresharedbyall

culturesalike.[F5]Onemoreimportantpartofmusic'smaterialcultureshouldbe

singledout:theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,

andtelevision,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandother

developments.Thisisallpartofthe"information-revolution",atwentiethcentury

phenomenonasimportantastheindustrialrevolutioninthenineteenth.Theseelectronic

mediaarenotjustlimitedtomodernnations;theyhaveaffectedmusic-culturesallover

theglobe.

6、[Fl]

标准答案：物质文化指的是那些可以触摸的、物质的“东西”，即某种文化产生的能

看到、摸到、感觉到和使用的自然物体。

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、[F2]

标准答案：在19世纪70年代留声机发明以前，我们自己听不到任何音乐表演的声

音，于是我们依赖乐器获得有关远古的音乐文化及其发展的重要信息。

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、[F3]

标准答案：而且，读乐谱的能力对音乐家有着深远的影响，当这种能力得到普及

时，它对整个音乐文化将产生深远的影响。

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[F4]

标准答案：一如既往的，人们总是渴望关注个性特色，而不是所有文化共有的普遍

特点。

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、[F5]

标准答案：音乐物质文化的一个更重要的部分应该被提出来，那就是电子媒体-

如收音机、唱片机、录音机、电视、未来能说会唱的计算机以及其他发明的影响。

知识点解析：暂无解析

Theauthorofsomefortynovels,anumberofplays,volumesofverse,historical,critical

andautobiographicalworks,aneditorandtranslator,JackLindsayisclearlyan

extraordinarilyprolificwriter—afactwhichcaneasilyobscurehisveryrealdistinction

insomeoftheareasintowhichhehasventured.[Fl]Hisco-editorshipofVisionin

Sydneyiniheearly1920s,forexample,isstillfeltlohaveimroducedasignificanlperiod

inAustralianculture、whilehisstudyofKickenswrittenin1930ishighlyregarded.But

ofallhisworkitisprobablythenoveltowhichhehasmadehismostsignificant

contribution.Since1916when,tousehisownwordsinFanfrolicoandafter,he"reached

bedrock,"LindsayhasmaintainedaconsistentMarxistviewpoint一[F2]andilisihis

viewpointwhichilnolhingelsehasguaranleedhisnovelsaminorbulcertainlynot

negligibleplaceinmodemBrilishliterature.Feelingthat"thehistoricalnovelisaform

thathasalimitlessfutureasafightingweaponandasaculturalinstrument",Lindsayfirst

attemptedtoformulatehisMarxistconvictionsinfictionmainlysetinthepast;

particularlyinhistrilogyinEnglishnovels—1929,LostBirthright,andMenofForty-

Eight(writtenin1919,theChartistandrevolutionaryuprisingsinEurope).[F3]

Basicallytheseworkssetout,wilhmostsuccessinthefirstvolume,tovivifythe

hisloricaliradilionsbehindEnglishSocialismandatlemDledlodemonslraieihalilstood,

inLindsay'swords,forthe"truecompletionofthenationaldestiny".[F4]Afterthe

warLindsaycontinuedtowritemainlyaboutthepresent—tryingwithvaryingdcgiccsof

success2comeloteimswiththeunradicalpoliticalrealitiesofpost-warEngland.

[F5]In[heseriesofnovelsknowncollectivelyas"TheBritishWar",andbeginning

withBetrayedSpringin1933,itseemedfirstasifhissolutionwassimplytoresort〔o

moreandmoreobviousauthorialmaniDulationandheavy-handeddidacticism.

Fortunately,however,fromRevoltoftheSons,thisprocesswasreversed,asLindsay

begantoshowanincreasingtendencytoignorepartysolutions,tofailindeedtogive

anythingbutthemostelementarypoliticalconsciousnesstohischaracters,sothatinhis

latest(andwhatappearstobehislast)contemporarynovel,ChoiceofTimes,hishero,

Colin,endsonanoteofdesperation:"Everythingmustbedifferent,Ican'tlivethisway

anylonger.ButhowcanIchangeit,how?"Tohiscreditasanartist,Lindsaydoesn't

givehimanyexplicitanswer.

Ik[Fl]

标准答案：例如：20世纪20年代杰克・林德萨与人合编的《悉尼生活》一直被认为

将澳大利亚文化引入了一个新的时期，而他1930年著的关于Kickens的著作也受

到了很高的评价。

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、[F2]

标准答案；如果没有其池因素的话，恰是这种世界观确保了杰克林德萨的小说在

现代英国文坛上拥有不大但是肯定不可忽视的地位。

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、[F3]

标准答案：随着第一部作品的巨大成功，这些作品基本上复苏了英国社会主义背后

的历史传统.并且试图证明它保持不变，用杰克・林德萨自己的话说，为了“民族命

运的真正圆满”。

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、[F4]

标准答案：战后，林德萨继续主要就当时的背景进行写作，试图以不同程度的成功

与战后英国非激进的政治现实达成妥协。

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、[F5]

标准答案：在他1993年以《背叛的春天》开始的《英国的路》这一系列小说集

中，看起来好像他的解决方法就是更多地依靠作家式的处理和笨拙的说教。

知识点解析：暂无解析

Islamiclawisaparticularlyinstructiveexampleof"sacredlawn.Islamiclawisa

phenomenonsodifferentfromallotherformsoflawnotwithstanding,ofcourse,a

considerableandinevitablenumberofcoincidenceswithoneortheotherofthemasfar

assubjectmatterandpositiveenactmentsareconcernedthatitsstudyisindispensablein

ordertoappreciateadequately(hefullrangeofpossiblelegalphenomena.[Fl]Even

ihetwoolherrepresentalivessacredlawihalarehistoricallyandgeographically

neareslloitJewishlawandRomanCalholiccanonlaw,areDerceptiblydifTerenl.Both

JewishlawandcanonlawaremoreuniformthanIslamiclaw.Thoughhistoricallythere

isadiscerniblebreakbetweenJewishlawofthesovereignstateofancientIsraelandof

theDiaspora(thedispersionofJewishpeopleaftertheconquestofIsrael),thespiritofthe

legalmatterinlaterpartsoftheOldTestamentisveryclosetothatoftheTalmud,oneof

theprimarycodificationsofJewishlawintheDiaspora.Islam,ontheotherhand,

representedaradicalbreakawayfromtheArabpaganismthatprecededit;Islamiclawis

theresultofanexamination,fromareligiousangle,oflegalsubjectmatterthatwasfar

fromuniform,comprisingasitdidthevariouscomponentsofthelawsofpreIslamic

Arabiaandnumerouslegalelementstakenoverfromthenon-Arabpeoplesofthe

conqueredterritories.[F2]Allthiswasunifiedbybeingsubjectedtothesamekindof

religiousscrutiny,theimpactofwhichvariedgreatly,beingalmostnonexistentinsome

fields,andinolhersoriginatingnovelinstilutions.[F3]Thiscentraldualityoflegal

subjectmatlerandleligiousnormisadditionalto【hevarielyoflegalethicalandiitual

rules[hatistypicalofsacredlaw.Initsrelationtothesecularstate,Islamiclawdiffered

frombothJewishandcanonlaw.[F4]Jewishlawwasbuttressedbyihecohesionofihe

community、「cinforccdbypressurefromoutside:itsrulesarcthedirectexpressionofthis

feelingofcohesion,lendinglowardiheaccommodationofdissent.CanonandIslamic

law,onthecontrary,weredominatedbythedualismofreligionandstate,wherethestate

wasnot,incontrastwithJudaism,analienpowerbutthepoliticalexpressionofthesame

religion.Buttheconflictbetweenstateandreligiontookdifferentforms;inChristianityit

appearedasthestruggleforpoliticalpoweronthepartofatightlyorganized

ecclesiasticalhierarchy,andcanonlawwasoneofitspoliticalweapons.Islamiclaw.on

theotherhand,wasneversupportedbyanyorganizedinstitution;consequentlythere

neverdevelopedanoverttrialofstrength.[F5]Theremerelyexisteddiscordance

belweenapplicationofihesacredlawandmanyofihe「egulationsframedbyIslamic

states;thisantagonismvariedaccordingIoplaceand[ime.

16、[Fl]

标准答案：即使是犹太法和罗马天主教教会法，这两个在历史上和地理上与它最接

近的法律，也明显与它不相同。

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、[F2]

标准答案：所有的这些因为都受到同样的宗教审查而统一起来，然而宗教审查的影

响却是不同的：在某些领域，它几乎是不存在的；而在另一些领域，它则主导了规

则和教条的制定。

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、[F3]

标准答案：神圣法律的特点除了法律和仪式的规定之外，还有法律和宗教的双重

性。

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、[F4]

标准答案：犹太法由社会的凝聚力支撑，由外部压力得到巩固：它的规定是凝聚感

的直接体现，趋向于包容不同意见。

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、[F5]

标准答案：神圣法律的运用与伊斯兰国家所制定的规定之间存在不一致；这种矛盾

的程度依地点和时间而不同。

知识点解析：暂无解析

[Fl]Americansnolongerexpeclpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwritings。

commandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift,nordo[heyaspire[osuchcommand

themselves.Inhislatestbook.DoingOurOwnThing:TheDegradationofLanguageand

MusicandWhyWcShould,Like,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialist

ofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureas

responsibleiorthedeclineofformalEnglish.Blamingthepermissive1960sisnothing

new,butthisisnotyetanothercriticismagainstthedeclineineducation.[F2]Mr.

McWhorter'sacademics/ecialilyislanguagehistoryandchange,andhesees〔hegiadual

disappearanceof"whom",forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregiettablethanthe

lossofihecase-endingsOldEnglish.[F3]Buiihecullaflheaulhenlicandihe

personal,“doingourownIhingJhasspellihedeaihofformalspeech,willing,poelryand

music.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpento

paperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughtto

capturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performative

genreistheonlyformthatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,

talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.Illustratedwithan

entertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighandlowculture,thetrendthatMr.

McWhorterdocumentsisunmistakable.Butitislessclear,totakethequestionofhis

subtitle,whyweshould,like,care.[F4]Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatall

varietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnonstandardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbe

powerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageo「dialectintheworldthatcannot

conveycomplexideas.Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwccannolongerthink

straightbecausewedonettalkproper.[F5]Russianshaveadeeplovefortheirown

languageandcarrylargechunksofmemorizedpoelryin[heirheads、whileIlalian

politicianstendtoelaboratespeechthatwouldseemold-fashionedtomostEnglish-

speakers.Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,

andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms—heisreallygrievingoverthelossof

somethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.WenowtakeourEnglish"onpaperplatesinstead

ofchina.**Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone.

21、[Fl]

标准答案：美国人已不再期待公众人物能在演讲或写作中运用技巧和文采来驾驭英

语，而公众人物自己也不再渴望这样。

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、[F2]

标准答案：麦荷特先生的学术专长是语言史和语言演变。举例来说，他认为

“whom”一词的逐渐消失是很自然的，并不比古英语中词格尾缀的消失更让人惋

惜。

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、[F3]

标准答案：然而，“做自己的事”这一对事务真实性和个人性的崇高信条，已经导致

了正式演讲、写作、诗歌及音乐的消失。

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、[F4]

标准答案：作为语言学家，麦荷特认为各种各样的人类语言，包括像黑人语言这样

的非标准语言，都具有强大的表达力——世上没有传达不了复杂思想的语言和方

君识点解析：暂无解析

25、[F5]

标准答案：俄罗斯人深彘自己的语言，并在脑海中存储了大量诗歌：而意大利的政

客们往往精心准备演讲，即使这在大多数讲英语的人们眼里已经过时。

知识点解析：暂无解析

Therehavebeenrumors.There'sbeengossip.AllHollywoodisshockedtolearnthat

CalistaFlockhart,starofFox'shitTVshowAllyMcBeal,issothin.Andweinthemedia

arefallingalloverourselvestryingtofigureoutwhetherFlockharthasaneating

disorder,especiallynowthatshehasdeniedit.WelkI'mnotplayingthegame.[Fl]If

theentertainmentindustryreallycaredaboutsendingthewiongmessageonbodyimage,

itwouldn'tneedsomanyslendercelebritiesinthefirstplace.Butthefactremainsthat2

millionAniericans-niostofthemwomenandgirls-dosufferfromeatingdisorders.

[F2]In[hemostextremecasestheyliterallystarvethemselvestodeath,andthosewho

survivearealgreaterriskofdevelopingbriltlebones,hfe-threateninginfections,kidney

damageandheartproblems.Fortunately,doctorshavelearnedalotoverthepastdecade

aboutwhatcauseseatingdisordersandhowtotreatthem.Thenumbersareshocking.

[F3]ApDroximately1in150leenagegirlsin(heU.S.fallsvictimloanorexia