考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷551

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷551

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共25题，每题7.0

分，共25分。）

BedwettingMillionsofkidsandteenagersfromeverypartoftheworldwetthebedevery

singlenight.It'ssocommonthatthereareprobablyotherkidsinyourclasswhodoit.

Mostkidsdon'ttelltheirfriends,soit'seasytofeelkindofalone,likeyoumightbethe

onlyoneonthewholeplanetwhowetsthebed.41Thefancynameforbedwettingis

nocturnalenuresis.Enuresisrunsinfamilies.Thismeansthatifyouurinate,orpee,while

youareasleep,there'sagoodchancethatacloserelativealsodiditwhenheorshev/asa

kid.42Themostimportantthingtorememberisthatnoonewetsthebedonpurpose.It

doesn'tmeanthatyou'relazyoraslob.43Forsomereason,kidswhowetthebedarenot

abletofeelthattheirbladderisfullanddon'twakeuptopccinthetoilet.Sometimesa

kidwhowetsthebedwillhavearealisticdreamthathe'sinthebathroompeeing-onlyto

wakeuplateranddiscoverhe'sallwet.Manykidswhowetthebedareverydeep

sleepers.44Somekidswhowetthebeddoiteverysinglenight.Otherswetsomenights

andaredryonother.Alotofkidssaythattheyseemtobedrierwhentheysleepata

friend'sorarelative'shouse.45Sothebrainmaybethinking,"Hey,you!Don'twet

someoneelse'sbed!"Thiscanhelpyoustaydryevenifyou'renotawareofit.A.The

goodnewsisthatalmostallkidswhowetthebedeventuallystop.B.Tryingtowakeup

someonewhowetsthebedisoftenliketryingtowakealog-theyjuststayasleep.C.It's

somethingyoucan'thelpdoing.D.Justlikeyoumayhaveinheritedyourmomsblue

eyesoryouruncle'slonglegs,youprobablyinheritedbedwetting,too.E.That'sbecause

kidswhoareanxiousaboutwettingthebedmaynotsleepmuchoronlyverylightly.F.

Butyouarenotalone.

1、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：文章第一段主要讲全世界每晚尿床的孩子不计其数，但大多数孩子对

自己尿床的事儿都闭口不言。因此你要是尿床的话，很容易感到你是独自一人.好

像全世界只有你一个人尿床。但事实并非如此。

2、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此段主要讲尿床在家族中遗传，也就是说，如果你有尿床的毛病，很

可能你的近亲中有人小的时候也尿床。因此说尿床是遗传所致。

3、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此句之前的两句话已经说明没有人会故意尿床，可见这是一件身不由

己的事情。

4、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：前一句讲，许多尿床的孩子都睡得很沉，因此接下来自然要说想叫醒

爱尿床的孩子是件很难的事。

5、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：前一句讲，许多尿床的孩子说.在朋友或者亲戚家中过夜时，他们似

乎不会尿床，接下来就应该讲明其原因。

Europeanregulatorshavecontributedtotheirbanks'decline,intwoways.First,theyare

specifyinghowmuchbankscanpayinbonusesrelativetobasepay.Second,theyare

tryingtoforcebankstoholdmorecapitalandtomakeiteasiertoallowthemtofailby,

forinstance,separatingtheirretaildepositsfromtheirwholesalebusinesses.Thefirst

approachisfoolish.ItwilldriveupthefixedcostsofEurope'sbanksandreducetheir

flexibilitytocutexpensesindownlurns（低迷时期）.Theywillthereforestruggleto

competeinAmericaorfast-growingAsianmarketswithforeignrivalsthathavethe

freedomtopaythegoingrate.Thesecondapproachissensible.SwitzerlandandBritain

aremakingprogressinendingtheimplicittaxpayersubsidythatsupportsbanksthatare

toobigtofail.ThecollapseofIreland'seconomyiswarningenoughofwhathappens

whengovernmentsfeelcompelledtohelpoutbanksthatweakentheireconomies.Some

Europeanbankersarguethatthecontinentneedsinvestment-bankingchampions.Yetitis

notobviousthatEuropeanfirmsortaxpayersgainfromhavingnationalbanksthatare

goodatpackagingandsellingAmericansubprimeloans（次级贷款）.Indeed,itis

AmericantaxpayersandinvestorswhoshouldworryaboutthedominanceofafewWall

Streetfirms.Theybearthemainriskoffuturebail-outs（紧急援助）.Theywouldbenefit

fromgreatercompetitionininvestmentbanking.IPOfeesarcmuchhigherinAmerica

thanelsewhere,mainlybecausethemarketisdominatedbyafewbiginvestmentbanks.

WallStreet'snewtitanssaytheyarealreadypenalisedbynewinternationalrulesthat

insisttheyhavesomewhatbiggercapitalbuffers（缓冲）thansmallerbanksbecausethey

poseagreaterrisktoeconomiesiftheyfail.Yetthehugeeconomiesofscaleandimplicit

subsidiesfrombeingtoobigtofailmorethanoffset（抵消）thecostofthebuffers.

Increasingthecapitalsurchargesforbigbankswoulddomorelorthestabilityofihe

financialsystemthanthethicketofDodd-Frankruleseverwill.Fiveyearsonfromthe

frighteningsummerof2008,America'sbigbanksareback,andthatisagoodthing.But

therearestillthingsthatcouldmakeWallStreetsafer.

6、Thefirstapproachisfoolishbecause.

A、itwilldoharmtoEurope'seconomy

B、itwillincreasethecostsofbanksinEurope

C、itwillcutdownthepayofEuropeanbankers

D、Europe'sbankshavetocompeteinglobalmarkets

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据Thefirst叩proachisfoolish定位到第二段首句。第二句即是答

案：ItwilldriveupthefixedcostsofEurope'sbanks…选项［B］与该句最接近,故选项

1B|为答案。而选项［A|和［C］均属于无中生有。选项［D］对应原文：Theywill

thereforestruggletocompeteinAmericaorfast—growingAsianmarkets…可见他们是

与美国和亚洲市场竞争，而不是选项［D］说的glob—almarkets,故选项［D］是错误

的。

7、SwitzerlandandBritainaremakingprogressin.

A、introducingmoreforeigncapital

helpingthebanksthathavegonebankrupt

C^competingwithAmericanandAsianbanks

D、squeezingallowancethatbackslargebanks

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据大写词SwitzerlandandBritain定位到第二段第四行：Switzerland

andBritainaremakingprogressinendingtheimplicittaxpayersubsidythatsupports

banksthataretoobigtofail.答案来源于原文makingprogressin之后的内容，即

“endingtheimplicittaxpayersubsidythatsup-portsbanksthataretoobigtofhil”一句。

四个选项中，与该句表述接近的是选项［D］。其中，squeezingallowancc=cnding

subsidy；backslargebanks=supportsbanksthataretoobigtofailo故该题答案为选项

［D］o

8、WhoshouldworryaboutthedominanceofafewWallStreetcorporations?

A、Europeanbankers.

Smallcompanies.

C、Americaninvestors.

D、Europeantaxpayers.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据dominanceofafewWallStreetcorporations定位到第三段中间部

分：Indeed,itisAmericantaxpayersandinvestorswhoshouldworryaboutthe

dominanceofafewWallStreetfinns.而中间有个itissb.who的强调句式,答案即

在中间，SAmericantaxpayersandinvestors<,而选预中唯有选项［C］是合适的，虽

然不完整，但是在四个选项中是最佳答案。

9、Comparedwithsmallbanks,largeroneshavebiggercapitalbuffersbecause.

A^theywillthreatentheeconomicsiftheygobankrupt

B、thegovernmentpaysmoreattentiontolargerbanks

C^largerbankshavemorefundthansmallerones

D^theycandomorefbrthecountry'seconomy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据smallbanks,capitalbuffers等词定位到第四段首句:...they

havesomewhatbiggercapitalbuffersthansmallerbanksbecausetheyposeagreaterrisk

toeconomiesiftheyfail.答案就在because后面，即theyposeagreaterriskto

economiesiftheyfail.与选项［A］表述相符。其中poseagreaterriskto

econoinies=threatentheeconomies：fail=gobankruptc综上所述,选项［A］为正确答

案。

10、Inthefollowingparagraph,theauthormay.

A、recalltheeconomicdepressionintheyear2008

B、discussthefactorsthatmakeeconomyturnaround

C^introduceAmerica'sbigbanksthatcomebacktolife

D、suggestthethingstodotopreventaneconomiccrisis

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该题问作者在接下来的一段中可能会讨论什么，所以我们定位到全文

最后一句来解题：ButtherearestillthingsthatcouldmakeWallStreetsafer.由此我

们可以推断：作者接下来可能会讨论让华尔街更安全的因素。四个选项中，［A］和

［C］这两项可以先排除。选项［B］“discussthefactorsthatmakeeconomyturnaround讨

论可以让经济好转的因素”与之前我们推断的“让华尔街更安全的因素”比较接近，

故该项为答案。而选项［D］的“preventaneconomiccrsis预防经济危机”无论从原文还

是常理都难以找到依据，故该题答案为选项［B］。

WhatMakesMetheWeightIAm?There'snoeasyanswertothisquestion.Yourgenetic

makeup,thephysicaltraitsthatgetpasseddowntoyoufromyourparents,playsabig

partindeterminingyoursizeandweight.41Butifyourparentsarcsmallerthanaverage,

youmaywanttorethinkthatprofessionalbasketballcareer!Thesamegoesforyourbody

type.Haveyoueverheardsomeonesayapersonis"bigboned'1?It'sawayofsayingthe

personhasalargeframe,orskeleton,bigbonesusuallyweightmorethansmallbones.42

Likeyourheightorbodytype,yourgeneshavealottosayaboutwhatyourweightwill

be.Butthat'sonlypartofthestory.Beingoverweightcanruninsomeone'sfamily,butit

maynotbebecauseoftheirgenes.43Andeventhoughsomekidsgainweightmore

easilythanothers,whentheycatrightandexercise,mostkidscanbeahealthyandhappy

weightthat'srightforthem.It'strue—thewayyoulivecanchangethewayyoulook.

Howmuchyouweightisabalancebetweenthecaloriesyoueatandthecaloriesyouuse.

44IfyouspendyourfreetimewatchingTV,yourbodywon'tuseasmanycaloriesasit

wouldifyouplayedbasketball,skated,orwentforawalk.Ifyouareinbalance,your

weightwillstayrightforyouasyougrow.Butifyoueatmoreandexerciseless,you

maybecomeoverweight.___45A.That'swhyit'spossiblefortwokidswiththesame

height,butdifferentweights,tobothbetherightweight.B.Ifyoueatmorecaloriesthan

yourbodyneedstouse,youwillgaintoomuchweight.C.Pooreatingandexercise

habitsalsoruninfamiliesandthismaybethereasonthemembersofafamilyare

overweight.D.However,manyoverweightpeoplehavedifficultyreachingtheirhealthy

bodyweight.E.Ontheotherhand,ifyoueatlessandexercisemore,youmaylose

weight.F.Ifbothyourparentsaretall,thereisagoodchanceyou'llbetall.

II、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：文章开头表明，一个人的基因构成，即父母遗传给他的特征，很大程

度上决定了他的身高和体重。接下来的句子应是对此论点的具体阐释：说明父母高

矮与你的关系。

12、

标准答案:A

知识点解析：前两句表明，人的骨骼有大小之分，而大骨骼通常比小骨骼要重，因

此才有可能出现这种现象，即身高相同、体重不同的两个孩子体重均正常。

13、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：前一句讲，身体超重有可能在家族中代代相传，但又不是基因遗传所

致，接下来的句子就应说明其原因。即不良的饮食习惯与运动习惯也代代相传，而

这正可能是家族成员普遍超重的原因。

14、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：前一句讲，一个人的体重体现的是所摄入热最与所消耗热量之间的平

衡。由此可以推断，摄入的热量如果超过了身体的需要，就会超重。

15、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：前一句讲，如果一个人吃得多而运动得少.就有可能超重。“反之亦

然”，即“吃得少而运动得多，体重就会减轻”，这显然应该是下一句所表达的意

思。

Aself-describedsocialistandformershopsteward,SirAlexwasanoddfitwiththe

centristMrBlair.YethewasmuchlessimpressedbyBlaifssuccessor,GordonBrown

thoughhewasalsoborninGlasgowandisalifelongfootballfan.NorcouldSirAlex

quarrelwithNewLabour'sembraceofthemarket.Englishfootballhasbecomethe

world'sbestbecauseitpaysthemost:theaverageweeklywageinthepremiershiprose

by1,500%between1992and2010.SirAlexwaswellrewarded,too;henamedhis

mansionFairfields,aftertheship-makingfactorywherehisfatheroncelaboured.Sir

Alex'ssuccesswasbasedonhisenthusiasticembraceofglobalisation,somethingtoo

manypeopleinLabourarestilluncomfortablewith.Heinheritedateamthatcontained

twoDanes,fourIrishmenand18Britons.Heleavesasquadwithplayersfromadozen

countries,includingSerbia,EcuadorandJapan.Inpublic-policyterms,Unitedrunsboth

asuperbdomesticeducationsystemandaliberalimmigrationpolicy.Thisisalesson

Labour'scurrentleader,EdMiliband,badlyneedstolearn-havingexpressedregret,ina

vaguebuttoe-curling（令人厌恶的）way,thathisNewLabourforebearsletsomany

foreignersin.Oddly,perhapsthepoliticianSirAlexmostresembleswasnotofLabourat

all;butratheritsToryfemale,MargaretThatcher.Heclaimedtodislikeher.Yettheyare

similar.Bothwonglobalsuccessesthroughacombinationofsimpletruthsandconstant

drive.Bothsharedaspirationandopportunity.BothmadeBritaingreat.SirAlexwould

nowdowelltoavoidLadyThatcher'sbiggestmistake:bylingeringatthesceneofhis

triumph.HeplanstostayonatUnitedasadirectorandperhapsinstructortohis

successor,DavidMoyes,anotherablemanagerandworking-classScot.Butsuch

arrangementrarelyworks.Itwouldbebetter,aftersuchagloriouscareer,ifheconceded

thatFergietimeisnowover.

16、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A、MrBlairisaconservativewhosupportsAlex'scareer.

B、GordonBrownisateammemberofSirAlex.

C>SirAlexhasenjoyedsubstantialreward.

D、SirAlexhasquarreledwithNewLabour.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：选项［A］对应原文：SirAlexwasanoddfitwiththecentristMr

Blair.原文提到MrBlair是中立派，而非保守党派。故该项错误。选项［B］对应原

文：HewasmuchlessimpressedbyBlair'ssuccessor,GordonBrown—thoughhewas

alsoborninGlasgowandisalifelongfootballfan.文章说到Gordon是Blair的继承

者，而非Alex的队员，故错误。［C］项对应原文：SirAlexwaswellrewarded,

too.故该选项是对的。［D］项对应原文：NorcouldSirAlexquarrelwith

NevvLabour^embraceofthemarket.Noi—词表否定，选项［D］与原文表述相反，故

错误c综上所述，本题答案为选项［Qc

17>Alex'smansionwasnamedafter.

A、thehousewherehewasborn

B、thefootballteamthatheleads

C、thefootballteamthathefavors

D、thefactorywherehisfatheronceworked

标准答案：D

知识点解析：考点在于第一段最后一句：...henamedhismansionFairfields,

aftertheship-makingfactorywherehisfatheroncelaboured.可见他的宅邸的命名是来

自他父亲工作过的造船厂，选项［D］是正确的。

18、Alex'ssuccessdependson.

A、hispersistenceinhiscareer

B、histeamandtheircollaboration

C^hisenthusiasminacceptingglobalization

D、hisinsistenceinmakinghisdreamcometrue

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据题干对应到第二段首句：SirAlex'ssuccesswasbasedonhis

ciilliusiasliucm—braceofglobalisaliou…答案很明显，为［C］项，|C］项是该句话的同

义转换。enthusiasticMSenthusiasm；embrace对应accept。而在文中未能找

到其余三项的对应内容，故错误。

19、MargaretThatcherandSirAlexshareallthesecommonpointsEXCEPT.

A、similarpersonality

B、worldwidetriumph

C^ambitionandchance

D、continuousendeavor

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目问的是Thatcher和Alex的共同点，体现在第三段的“Yettheyare

similar”这一转折句之后。之后的连续三个both体现了两者的共同点，其中global

success=worldwidetri—umph：constantdrive=continaousendeavor：aspirationand

opportunity=ambitionandchanceo故选项［A］未提及，选项［A］为答案。

20>Whatistheauthor'sattitudeonAlex'sdecisiontostayatUnited?

A^Completeagreement.

B、Slightobjection.

C、Warmwelcome.

D、Littleindifference.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干定位到文章尾段。前两句中的dowelltoavoidmistake,

triumph等词似乎都表明作者对亚历克斯的做法是赞成的。但观点态度题要特别注

意虚拟情态以及转折处，文章but之后才体现了作者的态度，关键词是rarely

works,ifheconceded以及isnowover,这些词都表明作者对于亚历克斯决定留在

曼联队是否定的。所以［A］和［0两项明显是错误的°作者的态度也并非选项［D］的

“有点冷漠”，而是选项［B］的“有点反对”。

HowOneSimpleMovementCanLetSliptheSecretsoftheMindBodylanguageIisthe

quiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itissaidthatourbodymovements

communicateabout50percentofwhatwereallymeanwhilewordsthemselvesonly

express7percent.So,whileyourmouthisclosed,justwhatisyourbodysaying...

Arms.41Ifyoukeepyourarmstothesidesofyourbodyorbehindyourback,this

suggestsyouarenotafraidoftakingonwhatevercomesyourway.42If

someoneupsetsyou,justcrossyourarmstoshowyou'reunhappy!Head.Whenyouwant

toappearcon