高中英语选择性必修一Unit 4 复习要点

选择性必修一Unit4Bodylanguage复习要点 主题语境：人与社会人际沟通二、重点词汇：1.varyvi.(根据情况)变化;改变varyfrom...to...由……到……不等varywith随……变化varyin在……方面变化variousadj.不同的;各种各样的2.appropriateadj.合适的;恰当的beappropriateto/for适用于;合乎beappropriatetodosth做某事是合适的appropriatelyadv.适当地;合适地3.approvevi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过approveof(sb/one’s)doingsth赞同/同意(某人)做某事approvaln.赞成;同意;批准;通过getone’sapproval得到某人的同意4.witnessvt.当场看到;目击;见证n.目击者;证人witnesssth/that...目击……witnessto(doing)sth证实/证明(做)某事awitnessof/tosth……的目击者/见证人/证明/证据5.employvt.使用;应用;雇用employsbas...雇用某人任……(职位)employsbtodosth雇用某人做某事employoneselfin(doing)sth=beemployedin(doing)sth忙于做某事employern.雇主employeen.雇员;雇工;受雇者employmentn.雇用;使用;工作;职业6.differvi.相异;不同于differfrom不同于……;和……不同differin在……方面不同differwithsbon/about/oversth在某事上和某人有分歧/异议makeadifferenceto...对……有影响/起作用7.favourvt.较喜欢;选择;有利于n.帮助;恩惠;赞同favourdoingsth喜欢做某事asksbafavour请某人帮忙dosbafavour=doafavourforsb帮某人忙infavourof同意;支持;赞成inone’sfavour有利于某人;对……有利8.breakdown消除;分解;打破9.assessmentn.评价;评定assessvt.评估;评价beassessedas被评估为10.straightenup直起来;整理;收拾整齐11.bendvt.&vi.(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向12.revealvt.揭示;显示;露出revealthat...揭示……;透露……revealoneselfas/tobe显示自己是revealingadj.发人深省的13.clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清14.inotherwords换句话说;也就是说wordcomes/camethat...有消息传来说……inaword总之;简言之keepone’sword遵守诺言breakone’sword失信;不守诺言haveawordwith...与……谈一谈havewordswith...与……争吵15.occupyvt.占据;占用occupyoneselfwith/indoingsth忙于……;专心于……occupiedadj.忙于……的;使用中的beoccupied(in)doingsth忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth从事/忙于某事occupationn.占领;职业;工作16.distinguishvt.&vi.区分;辨别distinguishbetweenAandB区分A和Bdistinguish...from...把……与……区分开来distinguishoneselfas作为……而出名distinguishedadj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作为……而出名17.callon(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请calloff取消;停止callfor要求;呼吁;需要;去接(某人)callat拜访(某地)callup给……打电话;使想起18.bothervt.&vi.费心;麻烦;因……操心n.麻烦;不便bothertodo/doingsth操心/费心做某事bothersbwithsth用某事打扰某人bothersbtodosth麻烦某人做某事19.adjustvt.调整;调节vi.&vt.适应;(使)习惯adjust...to(doing)sth调整……以适应(做)某事adjustoneselfto使自己适应于……adjustmentn.调整;调节;适应makeanadjustmentto对……做出调整三、重点句型：1.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.2.Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.3.Whatdidthepoliceleadertellhisteambyusinggestures?4.Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested,bored,ordistracted,itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.四、重点语法：动词-ing形式作宾语和表语1.Iappreciateyourhelpingmeoutofthetrouble.2.Mybrotherinsistedonaccompanyingmetoschool.3.Herememberedbeingintroducedtothegirlataparty.UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AGettingcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguageisnosimpletask.Let’sbreakdownthestepstogetagoodunderstandingofwhatyourbodylanguageissaying.First,thecomputerneedstosee.So,itneedsacamera.Butacomputerdoesn’tseelikewedo,anditonlygetsastreamofdatafromthecamera.So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.Somepoorsoulshavetoteachacomputerwhatallofourdifferentbodypartslooklikeinlotsofdifferentlightingconditionsandlotsofdifferentbodytypes.Butunderstandingthatanimagecontainsanelbow,aknee,orafacedoesn’tdomuchgood.So,nowthecomputerispayingcloseattentiontoourfacesandourhands.Classifyingemotionsasbodylanguageandfacialexpressionsisliterallyinourgenes,soitcomesprettyeasily.Butcomputersneedtoseeatonofexamplesofanygivenkindofbodylanguage,thentobetoldwhatthatbodylanguageisormeans,andthentheycan,overtime,andwithmoreandmoreexamples,identifythatsameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.

IfI’maself-drivingcarapproachingacrosswalkandIseeanupheldhandinfrontofme,Icaninferthehumanwantsmetostopastheyintendtocrossthestreet.IfIinsteadseethatsamehumanusingthe“movealong”gesture,that’sastrongindicationthatthepersonwouldprefermetocontinueonmyjourneyinsteadofwaiting.Acarhasjustreadyourbodylanguage.1.Whatisthemostimportantforcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguage?A.Acamera.B.Astreamofdata.C.Software. D.Alightingcondition.2.Whyareemotionsdividedintobodylanguageandfacialexpressions?A.Toencouragepeopletoknowaboutgenes.B.Tomakecomputerswatchemotionsclosely.C.Tosavethetimeofanalysingatonofdata.D.Togetcomputerstorecognisethemeasily.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stance”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Attitude. B.Meaning.C.Behaviour. D.Expression.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowComputersReadBodyLanguageB.WhenSelf-drivingCarsWillBeBornC.WhyEmotionsAreofImportanceD.WhattheUnknownFutureHoldsBSilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneorthecomputer.It’snowbeingrevivedonmountainousCanaryIslandsandtheislandofLaGomera,wheretheusuallanguageisSpanish.TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.ItsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomera’svalleys.Inthepast,SilboGomerohasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,buttheislandersfeltembarrassedatthisformofcommunicationwhentheycameintocontactwiththeoutsideworldandmoderntechnology.Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandtheislandwasopentotourism.However,thegovernmentrealisedwhatwashappeninganddecidedtomakesurethatitwouldnotbelost.So,since1999SilboGomerohasbeenpartoftheschoolcurriculumandnowabout3,000Gomerochildrenspendatleast25minutesaweeklearningit.Thisisenoughtimeforthebasicstobelearned.ProbablyoriginatingintheAtlasMountainsofNorthAfrica,thelanguagewasbroughttotheislandbysettlers2,500yearsago.ItwasadaptedtoSpanishspeechpatterns,butusestonesratherthanvowelsandconsonants(辅音).Thesearewhistledatdifferentfrequencies(频率)toproduceover4,000words,makingproperconversationspossible.Theimportanceofthelanguageisgrowing.In2003theislandheldthefirstInternationalCongressofWhistledLanguages.ResearchisnowbeingcarriedoutinallplacestowhichGomeranshavetraditionallyemigrated(移居国外)andwhereformsofthelanguagesurvive.TheCanarygovernment’sHistoricalHeritageDepartmenthopestoattractoutsidesupportsothatitwillcontinue.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthedisappearingofSilboGomero?A.Thelimitedvocabulary.B.Thearrivalofmoderntechnology.C.Gomerans’traditionalemigration.D.Itscomplexspeechpatterns.6.WhatdoweknowaboutSilboGomero?A.ItoriginatedintheislandofLaGomero.B.ItwasadaptedtoEnglishspeechpattern.C.Itwasdevelopedforlong-distancecommunication.D.Ithasmorethan4,000wordsmadeupofvowelsandconsonants.7.InordertosaveSilboGomero,.

A.thelocalgovernmentprovidesfinancialhelpB.studentsspend25minutesdailylearningitC.theislandersbegintodoresearchwhereitoriginatedD.theislandersfrequentlyuseittocommunicatewiththeoutsideworld8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectculturalheritage.B.ToadvertiseforLaGomera.C.TopromotetheuseofSilboGomero.D.TointroducethedyinglanguageSilboGomero.Ⅱ.七选五Howto“Speed-read”BodyLanguageDuetothepandemic,socialdistancinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweinteractwitheachother,especiallywhenitcomestonon-verbalcommunication.Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainfortheforeseeablefuture.1Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe’rewearingmasks?Partoftheanswerliesinthequestionitself.Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople’sfaces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.Thisisespeciallyimportanttoday,sincewedoalotofsocialinteractingthroughvideoplatforms,whereweseeeachothermostlyfromthewaistup.2Herearesometipsonhowtospeed-readit.

TouchingtheneckIfpeoplearetouchingtheir“neckdimple”(thevisibleindentationatthemiddle-frontoftheirneck),itcouldmeanthey’redistressedorinsecure.3

Rubbingthechest4Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(orevenjustthefingers),itcanindicatediscomfortorconcern.Irecentlyfoundmyselfdoingthiswhendiscussingafamily-member’shealth.

TiltedheadHeadmovementscangoalongwaytowardsshowingwhetherornotsomeoneisfullyengaged,especiallyduringvideoconferencecalls.Aslightlytiltedheaddisplaysawarenessandattentiveness.5

SquintedeyesWeoftensquintoureyeswhenwe’retryingtofocusourvisiononsomethingthat’sfaraway.Butsquintedeyesandafurrowed“glabella”(thepartoftheforeheadaboveandbetweentheeyebrows)canalsobeasignofdisagreementorconfusion.A.Thisisanothersignofstressandanxiety.B.Ifyounoticesomeonedoingthis,trytocomfortthemoreasetheiranxiety.C.Wearingamaskisanormalpartofbeingaroundotherpeople.D.Theyshouldn’tshowfacialexpressionsorusebodylanguageinpublic.E.Bodylanguageisanoutwardreflectionofaperson’semotionalcondition.F.And,whencombinedwithafewnods,itcanshowapprovalofwhat’sbeingsaidorheard.G.Butwithnearlyhalfofthefacehidden,itcanbedifficulttotellwhatapersonisthinkingandfeeling.Ⅲ.完形填空Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwallsamong1.

Ihadorganizedandreorganizedan2withthedentistformonths.Ialsoconfirmedittwiceandcalledthedaybeforeto3allthepaperworkwouldbereadyfortheX-rays.

ThenIarrived.Itwasn’t4atall.TheladythereevenhadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.I5feltmybloodboil.Iwasgettingsomad.Ididn’tyellatherbutImayaswellhavebecausethe6Iwastalkingtoherwasnotnice.Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.Itwasnotagoodmoment.Thewholetimeshesmiledandwas7tome.

Onlywheneverythingwasfinally8wasInice.

Isatdowninthewaitingareaand9itall.HowcouldImakeitbetter?HowcouldImakeupformy10behaviouramomentago?Icouldn’t.IcouldgiftherachocolatebarIhadonme,butthisneededmorethanthat.Itneededanhonest11.AndthatwasexactlywhatIgave.

IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoherandtoldheritwaswrongofme.Sheaccepted.Againwitha12.Ithelpsmebethatwomanwhosmilesandforgivesso13.Idon’tgetitrighteverytime.IcanberudeandwhenIam,Ialmost14myselfforit.Iamnotthatperson,notanymore.YetIcontinuetogrowandcontinueto15.It’struethatsmilevanishedmyangerandopenedadoortounderstanding.

1.A.friends B.strangersC.patients D.relatives2.A.interview B.operationC.experiment D.appointment3.A.conclude B.approveC.ensure D.apply4.A.crowded B.readyC.open D.busy5.A.mildly B.roughlyC.privately D.immediately6.A.habitB.way C.accentD.tune7.A.rude B.attachedC.friendly D.devoted8.A.figured B.addedC.made D.sorted9.A.reflectedon B.workedatC.calledat D.wentthrough10.A.unnecessary B.impoliteC.impossible D.unfair11.A.comment B.promiseC.apology D.suggestion12.A.smile B.hopeC.doubt D.belief13.A.slowly B.easilyC.frequently D.tightly14.A.teachB.forgive C.hateD.see15.A.expand B.reactC.overcome D.learnⅣ.语法填空Eventhoughtheworstofthepandemicseemstobebehindus,videoconferencingappswillprobablyremaininourlives.Unfortunately,communicatingthiswaytendstoleavepeople1.(feel)wornout,and2.StanfordUniversitypaperhasexplainedexactlysomeofthesurprisingreasons.

Forone,videoconferencingshowstheclose-up3.(view)ofpeople’sfaces—peoplewhoallappeartobemakingprolonged(延长的)directeyecontactwithyoubecausethey4.(look)attheirscreens.Duringface-to-faceinteractions,thiskindofbodylanguage5.(mean)foreithercloserelationshipsorconflicts.6.youknowit’sjustabusinessmeetingorafriendlychat,anotherpartofyoumaystillunconsciouslyfindthosenonverbalsignalsnervous.7.(reduce)thissourceofpressure,switchtoaudio-onlymodeor8.(simple)shrinkthewindowsopeople’sheadsdon’tappearsolargeandclose.

Mostvideoconferencingsoftwarealsoshowsyouyourownvideoimage.Seeingyourimagemakesithardtoresistevaluatingyourself,9.isstressfulandoftenlowersyourmood.Thesolution10.thisoneissimple:Hidetheself-viewwindowandfocusinsteadonothersinthemeetingandthetopicofdiscussion.

参考答案UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.”可知,要让计算机理解人类的肢体语言,最重要的是软件。故选C项。2.D推理判断题。根据第三段“Butunderstandingthatanimageesprettyeasily.”以及第四段“Butcomputersneedtoseeaton...sameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.”可知,因为肘部、膝盖或一张脸的图像对计算机理解人类肢体语言并没有多大好处,所以计算机关注可以传达情绪的脸(面部表情)和手(肢体语言)。因此,把情绪被分为肢体语言和面部表情是为了让计算机识别它们背后的意义。故选D项。3.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的上下文“Butcomputers...sameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.”可知,计算机识别的是特定肢体语言背后的意义;通过越来越多肢体语言的例子,计算机可以识别出那种肢体语言情绪状况下相同或相似的意思。故画线词意思是“意义”。故选B项。4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段“Gettingcomputerstounderstand...whatyourbodylanguageissaying.”并结合全文内容可知,本文主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。A项“计算机是如何识别肢体语言的”最符合本文大意。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LaGomera岛上的口哨语SilboGomero。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandtheislandwasopentotourism.”可知,现代技术的到来是SilboGomero濒临消亡的原因。故选B项。6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ItsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomera’svalleys.”可知,SilboGomero被发明出来是为了进行远距离交流。故选C项。7.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.”可知,为了拯救SilboGomero,当地政府提供了财政援助。故选A项。8.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“SilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneorthecomputer.”以及文章内容可知,本文写作的目的是介绍LaGomera岛上濒临消亡的口哨语SilboGomero。故选D项。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。在疫情期间,社交距离极大地改变了我们在非语言交流方面的方式。对此文章给出了快速阅读肢体语言的建议。1.G上文“Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainfortheforeseeablefuture.”说明人们戴口罩时脸会被隐藏一半。下文“Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe’rewearingmasks?”说明,在脸被隐藏的情况下,我们仍旧要辨别人们所想。G项“但是,由于隐藏了近一半的脸,因此很难分辨出一个人的想法和感受”承上启下,符合语境。故选G项。2.E根据上文“Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople’sfaces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.”可知,在观察不到脸的同时,我们应注意观察人们的肢体语言,通过肢体语言来解读人们的心理。E项“肢体语言是一个人情绪状况的外在反映”承接上文。故选E项。3.B根据上文“Ifpeoplearetouchingtheir‘neckdimple’(thevisibleindentationatthemiddle-frontoftheirneck),itcouldmeanthey’redistressedorinsecure.”可知,一个人在感到焦虑或不安时会摸脖子的凹陷处。B项中的“this”指代触摸这个部位,而“尝试安慰他们或缓解他们的焦虑”是对此提出的建议,符合语境。故选B项。4.A根据下文“Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(orevenjustthefingers),itcanindicatediscomfortorconcern.”可知,本段落承接上段内容,介绍的是压力和焦虑的另一个迹象以及相应的建议。故选A项。5.F根据上文“Headmovementscan...displaysawarenessandattentiveness.”可知,上文说的是人们在专注时的头部动作。F项“当与一些点头结合时,它可以表示对所说或听到的内容的赞同”符合语境。故选F项。Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者某次去看牙医,去之前已经预约了,到了那里却发现牙医什么都没准备。作者很生气,但牙医却一直对作者微笑,这让作者很内疚,也让作者感受到了微笑的力量。1.Bfriend朋友;stranger陌生人;patient病人;relative亲戚。根据下文所提到的故事可知,此处指微笑能打破陌生人之间的隔阂。2.Dinterview采访;operation手术;experiment实验;appointment约定,约会。作者要去看病,所以应该是同医生提前有预约。3.Cconclude得出结论;approve赞同,支持;ensure确保;apply申请,应用。根据空前提到的“confirmedittwice”可知,作者确认了两次,所以打电话目的是确保一切准备好。4.Bcrowded拥挤的;ready准备好的;open开着的;busy忙碌的。根据后文,医生根本不知道作者在说什么,所以应该是一切没准备好。5.Dmildly温柔地;roughly粗鲁地;privately秘密地;immediately立即,马上。事情出乎了作者的意料,因此应该是作者立即就生气了。6.Bhabit习惯;way方式;accent口音;tune语调。作者在前文中说“没有冲医生吼叫”,但是自己又确实