山东省淄博某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省淄博某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题第一部分：听力(略)第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStudyAbroadAdventureforHighSchoolStudents—ApplyNow!Areyouahighschoolstudentdreamingofexploringtheworldwhilestudying?Our2026StudyAbroadProgramisheretomakeithappen!Designedforstudentsaged15—18,thisprogramoffersauniqueopportunitytostudyintheUSA,UK,Canada,orAustraliafor3months(semester)or6months(fullacademicyear).WhyChooseUs?●LivewithaHostFamily:Experiencedailylifeinanewculture.●AttendLocalSchools:Studyalongsideinternationalpeers.●CulturalActivities:Explorefamouslandmarks,attendfestivals,andmore!●24/7Support:Frompre-departureorientation(培训)toemergencyassistance,we’vegotyoucovered.ProgramFees:●3-MonthProgram:$8,500(includesaccommodation,schoolfees,andactivities).●6-MonthProgram:$15,000(includesaccommodation,schoolfees,andactivities).Scholarshipsavailableforoutstandingstudents!2026ProgramSchedule:ActivityDateDetailsApplicationDeadlineMarch31,2026Submityourapplicationonline.Pre-DepartureOrientationMay15-16,2026Learnaboutyourhostcountryandculture.ProgramStartAugust25,2026Flytoyourhostcountry!CulturalExcursion(远足)WeekOctober12-18,2026Explorefamouslandmarks.ProgramEndNovember25,2026(3months)Returnhomewithunforgettablememories!February25,2027(6months)HowtoApply:Visitourwebsiteatorcallusat+1-800-555-1234.Spacesarelimited—applytoday!1.Whichofthefollowingisincludedintheprogram?A.Livingintheschool.B.Gettinghelpatanytime.C.VisitinglandmarksinNewZealand.D.Introducingthecultureofyourcountry.2.WhatistohappeninthemiddleofOctober,2026?A.Theprogramwillbeended.B.Somelandmarkswillbevisited.C.Membersoftheprogramwillmeetforthefirsttime.D.Thecultureofthehostcountrywillbelearntabout.3.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Todiscussthechallengesofstudyingabroad.B.Tocomparestudyprogramsindifferentcountries.C.Toexplainthebenefitsoflivingwithahostfamily.D.Topromoteastudyabroadprogramforhighschoolstudents.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个面向15至18岁高中生的2026年出国留学项目，包括项目内容、费用、日程安排以及申请方式等。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“WhyChooseUs?”部分中的“●24/7Support:Frompre-departureorientationtoemergencyassistance,we’vegotyoucovered.(●一天24小时一周7天不间断支持：从出发前的培训到紧急援助，我们都为你提供保障)”可知，该项目随时提供帮助。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“2026ProgramSchedule”部分表格中的“Activity:CulturalExcursionWeek;Date:October12-18,2026;Details:Explorefamouslandmarks.(活动：文化远足周；日期：2026年10月12日至18日；详情：探索著名地标)”可知，2026年10月中旬将参观一些地标。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“StudyAbroadAdventureforHighSchoolStudents—ApplyNow!(高中生出国留学冒险——立即申请!)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要是为了推广一个针对高中生的出国留学项目。故选D项。B20-year-oldEdgarMcGregordecidedtovisithislocalpark,EatonCanyon,dayinanddayouttopickupasmuchlitterashecouldfitintwobuckets(提桶).Now,over589daysand19,000Twitterfollowerslater,heismorepassionate(热爱的)thaneverabouthistasktosavetheplanet!EdgarfoundoutthatLosAngeleswouldbethehostofthe2028SummerOlympicGames.Knowingthestateofthenationalforestatthetime,hefearedthatitsgroundsthatwerefulloflitterwouldmakethecitya“globalembarrassment,”sohedecidedtomakecleaningituphisnewpassionproject.Astimewenton,hebegandocumentinghisprogressonTwitter.Soon,hebeganencouragingotherstostartparkcleanupprojectsoftheirown.AspartofsouthernCalifornia’sAngelesNationalForest,EatonCanyoncanseequiteabitofdailyfoottraffic.Ononeparticularlybusyday,Edgarspentfivehourspickinguplitterandcameawaywithover1,000poundsofrubbish.Rainorshine,Edgarheadedovertocarryouthistask.Heworkedthroughconditionslikesnowstorms,arecordheatwave,andevenaforestfireontheoppositesideofthepark.Themorehedid,themoretreasureshediscovered.InadditiontoalotofoldiPhonesandcans,Edgarcollectedenoughrecyclablestoearnaround30dollarseveryfewweeks,whichhewoulddonatetononprofits.Recently,Edgarbegannoticingthatthetop-litteredareasinhisparkwerebecomingfewandfarbetween.Atonepoint,hespentfourhoursmovingaroundtheparkandonlyreturnedwithtwobuckets.EdgarplanstoreturntoEatonCanyontwoorthreetimesaweektokeepupwiththemaintenance,butheisexcitedtostartexpandinghisreachtonewlocations.Thoughherealizesthisdoesn’tmeanhisjourneyiscomplete,heisexcitedtohavealreadyachievedsomuch!4.Whyisthe2028SummerOlympicGamesmentioned?A.TodescribewhatmadeEdgarfamous.B.ToexplainwhyEdgarlovedLosAngeles.C.TointroducewhatinspiredEdgartostarthisproject.D.TodiscusswhyEdgarstartedexploringthenationalforest.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEdgar?A.Determinedandcaring.B.Creativeandinfluential.C.Talentedandproductive.D.Adventurousandsociable.6.WhatisEdgar’snextplan?A.Encouragingotherstojoininhiscleanup.B.MakingajourneytocleanEatonCanyon.C.Cleaningupotherpartsofthenationalforest.D.Returningtotheparkshehasalreadycleaned.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aherofortheenvironment. B.Awayofdealingwithlitter.C.Alocaldevelopmentproject. D.Ahugepersonalachievement.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了20岁的EdgarMcGregor如何受到洛杉矶将举办2028年夏季奥运会的启发，开始了他的公园清理项目，并通过社交媒体Twitter记录和鼓励更多人参与，最终对环境做出了积极的贡献。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“EdgarfoundoutthatLosAngeleswouldbethehostofthe2028SummerOlympicGames.Knowingthestateofthenationalforestatthetime,hefearedthatitsgroundsthatwerefulloflitterwouldmakethecitya'globalembarrassment,'sohedecidedtomakecleaningituphisnewpassionproject(Edgar发现洛杉矶将是2028年夏季奥运会的主办城市。考虑到当时国家森林的状况，他担心满是垃圾的地面会让这座城市成为“全球的尴尬”，所以他决定把清理垃圾作为自己的新爱好项目)”可知，提到2028年夏季奥运会是为了介绍激发Edgar开始他的项目的原因。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据原文第四段“Rainorshine,Edgarheadedovertocarryouthistask.Heworkedthroughconditionslikesnowstorms,arecordheatwave,andevenaforestfireontheoppositesideofthepark.(无论晴雨，Edgar都会去执行他的任务。他在暴风雪、创纪录的热浪，甚至是公园另一侧的森林大火等条件下工作)”以及第五段第一句“Themorehedid,themoretreasureshediscovered.InadditiontoalotofoldiPhonesandcans,Edgarcollectedenoughrecyclablestoearnaround30dollarseveryfewweeks,whichhewoulddonatetononprofits(他做的越多，发现的宝藏就越多。除了很多旧iPhone和罐头，Edgar还收集了足够的可回收物品，每几周就能赚30美元左右，他会捐给非营利组织)”可知，Edgar不管什么天气都坚持捡垃圾，并且会把通过捡垃圾赚到的钱捐给慈善机构，可以推理出Edgar是一个有决心的、关心他人的人。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“EdgarplanstoreturntoEatonCanyontwoorthreetimesaweektokeepupwiththemaintenance,butheisexcitedtostartexpandinghisreachtonewlocations(埃德加计划每周回EatonCanyon两到三次以保持维护，但他也很兴奋地开始将他的影响力扩展到新的地点)”可知，埃德加的下一步计划是清理国家森林的其他部分。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“20-year-oldEdgarMcGregordecidedtovisithislocalpark,EatonCanyon,dayinanddayouttopickupasmuchlitterashecouldfitintwobuckets.Now,over589daysand19,000Twitterfollowerslater,heismorepassionatethaneverabouthistasktosavetheplanet!(20岁的EdgarMcGregor决定每天去当地的EatonCanyon公园捡尽可能多的垃圾，能装满两个提桶。如今，589天过去了，Twitter上有了19000名粉丝，他对拯救地球的任务比以往任何时候都更有热情)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了一个环保英雄的故事。故选A项。CSincethefirstastronautsspenttimeinspace,scientistshaveknownthatspacetravelaffectsthehumanbodyinstrangeways.Muscleandbonemassdecreaseandtheriskofconditionsusuallyassociatedwitholdage,suchascancersandcataracts(白内障),ticksup.Whythehumanbodyshoulddeclinefasterinspaceisstilllargelyamystery,butonethatresearchersaredealingwithincreasingurgencyascivilianspacetravelbecomesmorefeasible.InarecentstudythatinvolvedsendingmusclesamplestotheInternationalSpaceStation,some250milesaboveEarth,researchersfromStanfordMedicinefoundthatthelackofgravityinspaceimpairsthenormalregenerativeabilityofmuscle.Thesamplesweregrownfrommusclecellsdonatedbyhealthyvolunteerstoresemblethebundledstructureofmusclefibres.Theyspentsevendaysgrowinginspace,thenfrozenuntiltheirreturntoEarth.Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉减少症),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.Bothindicatedashifttowardmorefattyacidmetabolism(脂肪酸代谢)andagreatertendencytowardcelldeath.Theimpairedregenerationcouldcontributetowhyastronauts’musclesweakenevenwithregularexercise.“Microgravityisalmostlikeanaccelerateddisease-formingplatformandenvironment,”saidNganHuang,PhD,seniorauthorofthestudypublishedrecentlyinStemCellReports.“It’simportanttounderstandhowmicrogravityisaffectingdifferenttissuesinthebody,withmusclebeingoneofthemostessentialonesbecauseofhowmuchofitwehaveinourbodies.”Huang’steamalsotesteddrugsthatpartiallypreventedtheseimpairmentsinthemusclesamples,whichcouldbenefitspacetravellersandEarth-boundseniors—perhapsevenseniorspacetravellersalike.Ultimately,Huang,whoisalsoaprincipalinvestigatorattheVeteransAffairsPaloAltoHealthCareSystemhopestofindwaystoenhancemuscleregenerationtohealseveremuscleinjuries,likethosemanySoldiersinjuredduringwars.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinparagraph2?A.Difficulttocomplete.B.Lawfultoconduct.C.Expensivetoattempt.D.Possibletoachieve.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemusclesamplesintherecentstudy?A.Theydevelopedsarcopeniaafteraweekinspace.B.Theywerecollecteddirectlyfromvolunteers’muscles.C.Theymayfailtofunctionproperlyafterreturningfromspace.D.Theywerefrozenduetothefreezingtemperaturesinmicrogravity.10.Whyismicrogravitydescribedasan“accelerateddisease-formingplatform”?A.Itstopsmusclefromrecoveringafterinjury.B.Itreproduceslong-termconditionsinashortertime.C.Itaffectsastronautswithpre-existingconditionsonly.D.Itspeedsupcancerandcataractsdevelopmentinastronauts.11.WhatisHuanglikelytofocusoninfutureresearch?A.Provingspacetraveladvancesaginginastronauts.B.Investigatingmicrogravity’simpactonmusclestructure.C.Creatingwaystoboostmuscleregenerationincriticalinjuries.D.Designingexercisestopreventmusclelossduringspacetravel.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家发现太空的微重力环境会损害肌肉的正常再生能力，而这种症状和老年人的肌肉所患症状有相似性。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据“researchersaredealingwithincreasingurgencyascivilianspacetravelbecomesmorefeasible(随着民用太空旅行变得更加feasible，研究人员正在处理越来越紧迫的问题)”并结合常识可知，民用太空旅行变得越来越可行，所以研究人员才处理与太空旅行有关的紧迫问题，feasible意为“可行的”，与D项“可能实现的”意思一致。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉减少症),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.(研究人员发现，在微重力环境（国际空间站上的重力约为地球重力的0.1%）下一周的肌肉与患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间存在显著相似之处，肌肉减少症是一种数十年来发展的肌肉萎缩症状)”可知，在微重力环境下一周的肌肉和患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间有明显的相似之处，由此可推测出，肌肉样品从太空回来之后可能无法像正常肌肉一样运转。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉减少症),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.(研究人员发现，在微重力环境（国际空间站上的重力约为地球重力的0.1%）下度过一周的肌肉与患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间存在显著相似之处，肌肉减少症是一种数十年来发展的肌肉萎缩症状)”可知，在微重力环境下一周的肌肉与老年人在数十年里萎缩的肌肉之间有明显相似之处，由此可推测出，微重力能够在较短时间里让慢性病产生，所以被称为加速疾病形成的平台。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ultimately,Huang,whoisalsoaprincipalinvestigatorattheVeteransAffairsPaloAltoHealthCareSystemhopestofindwaystoenhancemuscleregenerationtohealseveremuscleinjuries,likethosemanySoldiersinjuredduringwars.(最终，黄也是帕洛阿托退伍军人事务医疗保健系统的首席研究员，她希望找到促进肌肉再生的方法来治疗严重的肌肉损伤，例如许多在战争中受伤的士兵)”可推知，黄在未来可能专注于寻找方法来促进严重受损的肌肉再生。故选C。DInastimulatinginterviewwiththephilosopherDanielDennettinLivingonEarth,DennettsharedthatCharlesDarwinandAlanTuringmightmakethesamediscovery.Darwinshowedhowyoucangettheappearanceofpurposeanddesignoutofblindprocessesofnaturalselection.AndTuringsaidthatanycomputableproblemcanbecomputedbyamachinewithoutunderstanding.Thehostthenvoicedaconcern:asAladvances,machineswillcometolordoverus.Dennettacknowledgesthere’satakeoverriskbutclaimsit’smisunderstood.Theriskisnotthatmachineswillbecomeautonomousrulersoutthatwewilldependtoomuchonmachines.ThemainissuewithAIisnotintelligencebutautonomy.Attheendoftheday,eventhesmartestcomputersareourtools,andtheirintentionsareours.Or,totheextentthatwecanspeakoftheirintentionsatall.Theintentionofaself-drivingcartoavoidanobstacle,forexample,iswhatit’sdesignedfor.Ourgrowingdependenceontechnologiesdoesn’tmeanwearelosingournaturalautonomyinquitethissense.Ourneedsremainbutitisalossofautonomy.Evenautomechanicsthesedaysrelyoncomputersand,intheeraofself-drivingcars,willanyofusstillknowhowtodrive?Thinkwhatwouldhappenifwelostelectricity?We’dbethrownbackintothe19thcentury,asDennettsays.Butthingswouldbeworseaswelackknow-howthatmadeitpossibleforourancestorstolivewellintheoldendays.Thetruthis,we’vebeentechnologicalsinceourdawnasaspecies.Wefirstfoundourselvesinthearchaeologicalrecordwherewesawagreatexpositionoftools,technologies,art-makingandlanguage.Inasense,beinghumanmeansbeinglikeacyborg,whichisatechnologicalextensionofournaturalselves.Thissuggeststhatatanytimeinourdevelopment,alarge-scalebreakdowninthetechnologicalsystemwouldspellnotexactlyourdoom,butourcompletereorganization.Perhapswhatmakesourcurrentdilemmaunprecedented(史无前例的)isthefactthatwearesocloselynetworked.WhenthelibraryofAlexandriaburneddown,booksandknowledgewerelost.Butinaworldwherelibrariesarereplacedbytheironlineversions,itisn’tunimaginablethateverylibrarycouldbesimplydeleted.Whathappenstousthen?12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightDennettmostlikelyagreewith?A.AImightbeoverlyreliedon.B.AIdoesn’thavecomprehension.C.AI’sdevelopmentisbounded.D.AI’sevolutionresemblesnaturalselection.13.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestmatchestheideaof“know-how”inparagraph4?A.Ascholarstudiesthetheoryofnaturalselection.B.Anoblemanhiresservantstodoallthehousework.C.Afarmerbuildsatablebyhandusingtraditionaltools.D.Aworkeroperatesamachinefollowingpresetinstructions.14.Whydidtheauthormentionlibrariesinparagraph6?A.Toshowthetechnologicalstability.B.Toprovethetechnologicalsafeguard.C.Toemphasizethetechnologicalweakness.D.Toillustratethetechnologicaltransformation.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IstheConcernArtificialIntelligenceorAutonomy?B.HowwillTechnologyBreakdownChangeOurLives?C.WillArtificialAutonomyThreatenHumanity’sExistence?D.HowdoestheHuman-TechnologyRelationshipDevelop?【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了AI自主性与人类依赖AI所潜在的风险及影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dennettacknowledgesthere’satakeoverriskbutclaimsit’smisunderstood.Theriskisnotthatmachineswillbecomeautonomousrulersoutthatwewilldependtoomuchonmachines.(丹尼特承认存在（人工智能）接管的风险，但认为这种风险被误解了。风险并非机器会成为自主统治者，而是我们会过度依赖机器。)”可知，丹尼特认为风险在于人类对AI的过度依赖。故选A。【13题详析】词句推测题。根据第四段中“Evenautomechanicsthesedaysrelyoncomputersand,intheeraofself-drivingcars,willanyofusstillknowhowtodrive?Thinkwhatwouldhappenifwelostelectricity?We’dbethrownbackintothe19thcentury,asDennettsays.Butthingswouldbeworseaswelackknow-howthatmadeitpossibleforourancestorstolivewellintheoldendays.(如今，就连汽车修理工都要依赖电脑；而到了自动驾驶汽车时代，我们中还会有人知道怎么开车吗？试想一下，如果停电了会发生什么？正如丹尼特所说，我们会一下子回到19世纪。但情况会更糟，因为我们缺乏祖先们在过去能安稳生活所依赖的know-how)”可推知，“know-how”指祖先在过去能良好生活所具备的能力，即实际操作技能，选项C“一位农民用传统工具手工制作桌子”体现了手工操作的实际技能。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中“WhenthelibraryofAlexandriaburneddown,booksandknowledgewerelost.Butinaworldwherelibrariesarereplacedbytheironlineversions,itisn’tunimaginablethateverylibrarycouldbesimplydeleted.(当亚历山大图书馆被烧毁时，书籍和知识都丢失了。但在一个图书馆被其在线版本取代的世界里，不难想象每个图书馆都可能被简单地删除)”可知，作者对比了亚历山大图书馆烧毁（仅部分知识丢失）与在线图书馆可能被一键删除（全部知识丢失）的情况，以此强调当下技术存在易被彻底破坏的弱点。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。文章开篇提及人们对人工智能“掌控人类”的担忧，随后丹尼特指出核心风险是人类过度依赖机器，接着围绕“人工智能的问题不在于智能而在于自主性”展开，还讨论了人类与技术的关系及技术弱点。选项A“IstheConcernArtificialIntelligenceorAutonomy?(担忧的焦点是人工智能，还是自主性？)”精准概括了文章围绕“对人工智能的担忧实质是对自主性相关问题的担忧”这一核心，符合主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Breakingbadnewsisneveraneasytask.____16____Therefore,understandinghowtobreakbadnewseffectivelyisessential.Beforeyoubreakbadnews,itisimportanttooffercomforttotheperson,ifappropriate.Maketheconnectionbetweentheidentificationoftheemotionsandthecause,andmakeitcleartotherecipientthatyougettheconnection.Dothisbyacknowledgingtheirresponse,suchas“Icanseethatyou’rereallyupsetandangry.”or“____17____”Itisequallycrucialtoensurethatthesettingisbothcomfortableandprivate.Avoidbreakingbadnewsinpublic,wherethepersonmayfeelexposedandunabletoprocesstheiremotions.____18____Turnoffanydistractingdevicesandconsiderhavingasupportivethirdpersonpresentifappropriate.____19____Thisallowsyoutoavoidrepetitionandtailoryourmessageaccordingtotheseverityandpersonalrelevanceofthenews—whetheritinvolvesthelossofapet,ajob,orafamilymember.Finally,breakingbadnewsshouldnotendwiththedeliveryitself.____20____Helpthepersonconsiderwhatstepstotakenext,whetherit’splanningamemorialorexploringnewopportunities.Offerspecificassistance,suchasaccompanyingthemsomewhereorexplainingwhatwillhappennext.Byfollowingthesesteps,youcanbreakbadnewsinawaythatreducesdistressandhelpstherecipientbegintocope.A.Thisisclearlyaterribleshock.B.Haveaclearplanforfollow-upsupport.C.Iamsorrytotellyouwhathashappened.D.Trytodeterminewhatthepersonalreadyknows.E.Chooseyourwordstoavoiddiscomfortandprivacyinvasion.F.Instead,chooseaquietplacewithminimalchanceofinterruption.G.Butbreakingitatthewrongtimeorinthewrongwaycanbeevenworse.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.D20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地传达坏消息。【16题详析】上文“Breakingbadnewsisneveraneasytask.(传达坏消息从来都不是一件容易的事。)”表明了传达坏消息的难度。下文“Therefore,understandinghowtobreakbadnewseffectivelyisessential.(因此，了解如何有效地传达坏消息是至关重要的。)”强调了了解如何有效传达坏消息的重要性。由此可知，空处应该是一个转折句，引出下文要讨论的内容，即虽然传达坏消息很难，但如果在错误的时间或以错误的方式传达，情况可能会更糟。选项G“但在错误的时间或以错误的方式传达坏消息可能会更糟”符合语境，与上文形成转折，与下文形成因果关系。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Maketheconnectionbetweentheidentificationoftheemotionsandthecause,andmakeitcleartotherecipientthatyougettheconnection.Dothisbyacknowledgingtheirresponse,suchas“Icanseethatyou’rereallyupsetandangry.”(将情绪的识别与原因联系起来，并让接受者清楚你理解这种联系。通过承认他们的反应来做到这一点，比如“我能看出你真的很沮丧和生气。”)”描述了如何通过承认对方的反应来建立联系，并给出了一个例子。由此可知，空处应该是一个与上文例子相似的句子，用于进一步说明如何承认对方的反应。选项A“这显然是一个可怕的打击”符合语境，与上文例子形成并列关系，都是对对方反应的承认和描述。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Avoidbreakingbadnewsinpublic,wherethepersonmayfeelexposedandunabletoprocesstheiremotions.(避免在公共场合传达坏消息，因为在那里，这个人可能会感到暴露，无法处理自己的情绪。)”强调了避免在公共场合传达坏消息的重要性。下文“Turnoffanydistractingdevicesandconsiderhavingasupportivethirdpersonpresentifappropriate.(关掉任何分散注意力的设备，并在适当的情况下考虑让一个支持性的第三者在场。)”给出了在传达坏消息时应该采取的一些具体措施。由此可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，引出下文要讨论的传达坏消息的合适场所和措施。选项F“相反，选择一个安静的地方，尽量减少被打断的机会”符合语境，与上文形成对比，强调了选择合适场所的重要性，并与下文措施形成呼应。故选F。【19题详析】下文“Thisallowsyoutoavoidrepetitionandtailoryourmessageaccordingtotheseverityandpersonalrelevanceofthenews—whetheritinvolvesthelossofapet,ajob,orafamilymember.(这可以让你避免重复，并根据消息的严重程度和个人相关性来调整你的信息——无论它涉及失去宠物、工作还是家庭成员”，这句话描述了根据消息的严重程度和个人相关性来调整信息的好处。)”可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要讨论的内容的句子，即要弄清楚对方已经知道了什么，以便根据消息的严重程度和个人相关性来调整信息。选项D“试着弄清楚这个人已经知道了什么”符合语境，与下文形成呼应。故选D。【20题详析】上文“Finally,breakingbadnewsshouldnotendwiththedeliveryitself.(最后，传达坏消息不应该以传达本身结束。)”强调了传达坏消息后还需要进行后续的支持和帮助。下文“Helpthepersonconsiderwhatstepstotakenext,whetherit’splanningamemorialorexploringnewopportunities.Offerspecificassistance,suchasaccompanyingthemsomewhereorexplainingwhatwillhappennext.(帮助这个人考虑下一步要采取什么措施，无论是计划纪念活动还是探索新的机会。提供具体的帮助，比如陪他们去某个地方或解释接下来会发生什么。)”给出了传达坏消息后应该采取的具体措施。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要讨论的后续支持和帮助的句子。选项B“对后续支持要有明确的计划”符合语境，与上文形成呼应，强调了后续支持和帮助的重要性，并与下文措施形成对应关系。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AwomanwhohatedherbodyhassharedanimportantmessageonInstagramabouthowexercisehasgreatlychangedher.Ithasimprovednotonlyherbuildbutalsoher___21___.InavideoclipsharedbyCheryl,she___22___thedifferencebetween“wantingtoloseweighttolookgood”and“losingweighttofeelgood”.Thevideoshowcasesher22-poundweight-lossjourney,whichhasbeenfarfrom___23___.ShetoldNewsweekaboutthedocumentedhighsandlows,which___24___morethan1.1millionviewsonline.Shesaid:“Iwantedtoshowtherealisticsideofa(n)___25___weightlosswhilesendingoutamessagethatthemindsetshiftisthemostpowerfulpartofthejourney.”BeforestartingherexerciseplanandhealthiereatinginMay,Cherylfeltinsecureand___26___confidence.Thisledhertoadopta“mindovermatter(物质)”approachasshecontinuesto___27___fivetosixtimesperweek,evenwhenshedoesn'twantto.“Ididfeelburntoutattimes,buteverytimeIlayinbedandthoughtabout___28___thegym,IalwaysthoughtbacktothetimeswhenIwasoverweightandunattractive,”CheryltoldNewsweek.“It'sawfultobeunwanted.”Thevideosincludeherpreparingsalad,eggs,andvegetables;walkingwithasmileonherfacetothegym;and___29___weights.“Iusedto____30____goingtothegym,butnow,itislikemysafehaven.WhetherIamsadorangry,Ikindofjustletallmy____31____outatthegym.”Cherylsaid.“Ifeelamazing.Ilearnedtoenjoytheprocessof____32____mybodyandcreatingahealthylifestyle,”Cheryladded.Sofar,Cherylhasreceivedaseaof____33____onlineonthevideothathasmorethan76,000likes.“It’sincredible.Your____34____,devotion,determinationandpatience____35____!Keepitup,”saidoneuser.21.A.mindset B.efficiency C.performance D.tolerance22.A.inspects B.observes C.highlights D.appreciates23.A.possible B.realistic C.challenging D.easy24.A.exchanged B.gathered C.presented D.adopted25.A.healthy B.negative C.medical D.awful26.A.built B.restored C.lacked D.enhanced27.A.calmdown B.workout C.giveout D.breakdown28.A.skipping B.solving C.passing D.investigating29.A.throwing B.gaining C.lifting D.consuming30.A.regret B.fancy C.miss D.fear31.A.energies B.emotions C.motives D.spirits32.A.loving B.expanding C.continuing D.examining33.A.criticism B.support C.doubt D.advice34.A.kindness B.generosity C.self-control D.honesty35.A.ranout B.wornout C.showedoff D.paidoff【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了曾经厌恶自己身材的谢丽尔通过锻炼实现减肥，并在Instagram上分享自己的经历的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：锻炼不仅改善了她的体型，也改变了她的心态。A.mindset心态；B.efficiency效率；C.performance表现；D.tolerance容忍。根据下文“sendingoutamessagethatthemindsetshiftisthemostpowerfulpartofthejourney”可知，谢丽尔强调“心态转变”是减肥过程中最重要的部分，说明锻炼也改善了她的“心态”，故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在谢丽尔分享的一段视频中，她强调了“为变好看而减肥”和“为感觉良好而减肥”之间的区别。A.inspects检查；B.observes观察；C.highlights强调；D.appreciates欣赏。根据下文谢丽尔想要传递的“themindsetshiftisthemostpowerfulpart”这一核心观点以及视频主题可知，她在视频中“强调”了两种减肥理念的不同，故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：视频展示了她减重22磅的历程，这绝非易事。A.possible可能的；B.realistic现实的；C.challenging有挑战性的；D.easy容易的。根据下文“thedocumentedhighsandlows”以及“Ididfeelburntoutattimes”可知，减肥过程中有起有伏，她还曾感到疲惫不堪，说明这个过程“不容易”，故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向《新闻周刊》讲述了自己记录的起伏经历，这些经历在网上获得了超过110万的浏览量。A.exchanged交换；B.gathered获得，聚集；C.presented呈现；D.adopted采用。根据下文“morethan1.1millionviewsonline”可知，这里指视频“获得”了大量浏览量，故选B。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我想展示健康减肥的真实一面，同时传递一个信息：心态转变是这段旅程中最强大的部分。”A.healthy健康的；B.negative消极的；C.medical医疗的；D.awful糟糕的。根据下文“startingherexerciseplanandhealthiereating”可知，谢丽尔通过锻炼和健康饮食减肥，说明她展示的是“健康”减肥的过程，故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在五月份开始锻炼计划和健康饮食之前，谢丽尔感到不安且缺乏自信。A.built建立；B.restored恢复；C.lacked缺乏；D.enhanced增强。根据上文“Awomanwhohatedherbody”以及“feltinsecure”可知，谢丽尔当时厌恶自己的身材、感到不安，说明她“缺乏”自信，故选C。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这让她采取了“精神战胜物质”的方法，即使在不想动的时候，她仍然坚持每周锻炼五到六次。A.calmdown冷静；B.workout锻炼；C.giveout分发；D.breakdown抛锚，崩溃，分解。根据上文“exercisehasgreatlychangedher”以及“startingherexerciseplan”可知，这里指她每周“锻炼”五到六次，故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔告诉《新闻周刊》：“我有时确实感到筋疲力尽，但每次躺在床上想不去健身房时，我总会回想起自己超重且不好看的时候。”A.skipping跳过，不去做；B.solving解决；C.passing通过；D.investigating调查。根据上文“evenwhenshedoesn'twantto”以及下文“thoughtbacktothetimeswhenIwasoverweight”可知，她偶尔不想去锻炼，即“不去”健身房，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频内容包括她准备沙拉、鸡蛋和蔬菜；面带微笑走向健身房；以及举重。A.throwing扔；B.gaining获得；C.lifting举起；D.consuming消耗。根据上文“exerciseplan”以及健身场景可知，“liftingweights”是固定搭配，意为“举重”，是常见的健身项目，故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔说：“我以前很害怕去健身房，但现在它就像我的避风港。不管我是难过还是生气，我都能在健身房把所有情绪释放出来。”A.regret后悔；B.fancy喜爱；C.miss想念；D.fear害怕。根据下文“butnow,itislikemysafehaven”的转折可知，她以前和现在对健身房的态度相反，现在视其为避风港，以前则“害怕”去，故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔说：“我以前很害怕去健身房，但现在它就像我的避风港。不管我是难过还是生气，我都能在健身房把所有情绪释放出来。”A.energies精力；B.emotions情绪；C.motives动机；D.spirits精神。根据上文“WhetherIamsadorangry”可知，难过、生气都属于“情绪”，她在健身房释放这些情绪，故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔补充道：“我感觉棒极了。我学会了享受关爱自己身体、养成健康生活方式的过程。”A.loving关爱；B.expanding扩大；C.continuing继续；D.examining检查。根据上文她从厌恶自己身材到接受并通过健康方式改变自己并结合后文“creatingahealthylifestyle”可知，她学会了“关爱”自己的身体，故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，谢丽尔在这段获得超过7.6万个赞的视频下，收到了大量网友的支持。A.criticism批评；B.support支持；C.doubt怀疑；D.advice建议。根据下文“morethan76,000likes”以及网友评论“It'sincredible”以及“Keepitup”可知，她获得了网友的“支持”，故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位网友评论道：“太不可思议了。你的自制力、投入、决心和耐心都得到了回报！坚持下去！”A.kindness善良；B.generosity慷慨；C.self-control自制力；D.honesty诚实。根据上文“evenwhenshedoesn'twantto”仍坚持锻炼可知，这体现了她的“自制力”，故选C。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一位网友评论道：“太不可思议了。你的自制力、投入、决心和耐心都得到了回报！坚