河北省承德市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省承德市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANewenergyandrenewable(可再生的)energyarebothenvironment-friendlyenergysources.Theyareusedtocutdownourneedforcoal,oilandnaturalgasandreducetheharmfuleffectsofhumanactivitiesontheearth.However,therearesomekeydifferencesbetweenthetwo.Newenergyusuallyreferstocreativetechnologiesandmethodsthatarestillintheearlystagesofdevelopment,suchaswaveenergyorhydrogenfuelcells.Renewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andwaterpowerhavebeenaroundformuchlongerandaremorewidelyusedandacceptedasworkablesubstitutes(替代)fortraditionalenergysources.Bothtypesofenergyareimportantforagreenerfuture,butrenewableenergyismorewidelyusedandeasiertoget.QualityNewEnergyRenewableEnergySourceCanincludenon-renewablesourceslikenuclearenergyComesfromnaturalsourceslikesunlight,wind,andwaterEnvironmentalInfluenceMayhavedifferentenvironmentalinfluencesdependingonthesourceHaslowerenvironmentalinfluencescomparedtotraditionalenergysourcesSustainability(可持续性)MayormaynotbesustainableinthelongtermIsconsideredsustainableastheyarefromsourcesthatcannotbeusedupCostsCandifferdependingonthesourceandtechnologyusedHavebeenfallingovertimeastechnologyadvancesInaword,newenergyandrenewableenergyofferdifferentwaystobuildacleanerenergyfuture.Newenergytechnologiesprovidecreativesolutionstocutgreenhousegasemissions(排放)andimproveenergysafety,buttheyfacechallengesinmaterials,technologyandcosts.Renewableenergysourceslikesunlightandwindhaveprovedtrustworthy,cost-effectiveandeco-friendly.Sointhefuture,unitingbothtypeswillbenecessarytomeettherisingneedforcleanenergyanddealwithglobalwarming.1.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofnewenergy?A.Solarenergy. B.Waterpower. C.Waveenergy. D.Windpower.2.Whatisaqualityofrenewableenergy?A.Itscostshavebeenontherise. B.Itssourcesfacenolimit.C.Itsapplicationisfallingrapidly. D.Itsenvironmentalinfluencesarenotfixed.3.Whatmaythefutureofcleanenergybelike?A.Differenttypesofcleanenergywillbeused.B.Itwillbehighlydemandedduetolargerpopulations.C.Thefocuswillbeondevelopingmorecost-effectiveenergy.D.Therewillbeapreferencefornewenergytorenewableenergy.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍新能源和可再生能源的共性、关键区别、各自特点，以及未来两者结合发展的必要性。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Newenergyusuallyreferstocreativetechnologiesandmethodsthatarestillintheearlystagesofdevelopment,suchaswaveenergyorhydrogenfuelcells.(新能源通常指仍处于发展初期的创新性技术和方法，例如波浪能或氢燃料电池)”和“Renewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andwaterpowerhavebeenaroundformuchlonger(太阳能、风能和水能等可再生能源已经存在了更长的时间)”可知，波浪能是新能源，而太阳能、水能、风能均属于可再生能源。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中可再生能源的Sustainability可持续性一栏“Isconsideredsustainableastheyarefromsourcesthatcannotbeusedup(被认为是可持续的，因为它们来自不会被耗尽的资源)”可知，可再生能源的来源是无限的，不会被用完。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sointhefuture,unitingbothtypeswillbenecessarytomeettherisingneedforcleanenergyanddealwithglobalwarming.(因此，在未来，有必要将两者结合起来，以满足日益增长的清洁能源需求并应对全球变暖)”可知，未来清洁能源的发展将是结合新能源和可再生能源，即使用不同类型的清洁能源。故选A项。BThewildfiresinLosAngelesspreaduncontrollably.Unluckily,Charlotte’shomewasonitspath.Theheightmarkfromwhenshewasachildwasdrawnonthekitchenwall.Familymemoriesfilledeverycornerofthehouse.Herparents’weddingvideofromthe1990swasputawayinthebasement.Allthingsinthehouseweregone.“Itwasaprettyspecialanduniquehouse,”saysCharlotte,whoranawaywithherparents,heryoungersisterandtheirthreedogswhenthefirebrokeout.Afewdaysafterthefire,afriendsharedavideowithher.Inthevideo,LosAngelesartistHeberofferstocreatewatercolorpaintingsofpeople’shomesbeforetheywereburnedforfree.CharlottereachedouttoHeber,askingforapaintingofherchildhoodhome.“Iwantitasasurpriseformyparents,whoaresufferingsomuchrightnow,”Charlottesays.ShesentaphototoHeber,whocompletedapaintingofCharlotte’shomeinjustthreedays.CharlottesaysshewillforeverbethankfultoHeber.“Itmeanstheworld,”shesays.“We’reinasituationwherewehavenothing,andanythinglikethat,especiallypiecesthathonorthememoryofwhatthehousemeanttous.”Afterthewildfiresstarted,Heberthoughtaboutwaysshecouldcontribute.Afriendsentherapostbyanotherlocalartistofferingtodrawpeople’shomesforfree,andHeberfeltinspired(鼓舞).“Thiswillbemywaytohelppeople,”saidHeber.Shortlyaftershepostedherofferonsocialmedia,requestsstartedcomingin.Heberhascreatedmorethan25paintings.Sheisgladthatpeoplefindherpaintingsmeaningful,saying,“Hopefullyitinspiresotherstousetheirtalentstohelppeople.”4.WhatcanbeknownaboutCharlotte’shome?A.Itwaspulleddownforpathrepair. B.Itwasrepaintedbyheroldsister.C.Itwasfilledwithvariousvideos. D.Itwasburneddownbyfire.5.WhydidCharlotteaskHeberforapaintingofherhouse?A.Toenjoyclassicart. B.Torecoverhermemory.C.Toshareitwithherfriend. D.Tocheerupherparents.6.WheredidHeber’sinspirationcomefrom?A.Thepopularityofhervideos. B.Theexperiencesinherchildhood.C.Thebehaviorofalocalartist. D.Thehopetoshowherpaintingskills.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextmainlydeliver?A.Quickactioninthefaceofdisastersisnecessary.B.Artistsshouldbettertheirskillstomakecontributions.C.It’simportanttokeepmemoriesofone’schildhoodhome.D.Smallactsofkindnesscanbringwarmthtopeopleinneed.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述洛杉矶野火烧毁夏洛特家后，艺术家赫伯免费为受灾者绘制家园水彩画，用善意温暖受灾家庭的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ThewildfiresinLosAngelesspreaduncontrollably.Unluckily,Charlotte’shomewasonitspath.(洛杉矶的野火失控蔓延。不幸的是，夏洛特的家就在火势蔓延的路径上)”和“Allthingsinthehouseweregone.(房子里的所有东西都没了)”可知，夏洛特的家被大火烧毁了。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的““Iwantitasasurpriseformyparents,whoaresufferingsomuchrightnow,”Charlottesays.(夏洛特说：“我想把它当作一份惊喜，送给此刻正承受着巨大痛苦的父母。”)”可知，夏洛特向赫伯索要自己家的画，是为了让正在遭受痛苦的父母开心起来、振作起来。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Afriendsentherapostbyanotherlocalartistofferingtodrawpeople’shomesforfree,andHeberfeltinspired(鼓舞).(一位朋友给她发了另一位当地艺术家免费为人们画家园的帖子，赫伯受到了鼓舞)”可知，赫伯的灵感来自另一位当地艺术家免费为人们画家园的行为。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段中赫伯免费为夏洛特绘制家园水彩画、第四段中赫伯免费为他人绘制多于25幅家园画并希望用自己的才华帮助他人可知，文章主要传递的信息是：小小的善举也能给有需要的人带来温暖。故选D项。CMeaningfulconversationswithchildrencanbechallengingforaparent.ThebookHowtoTalkSoKidsWillListen&ListenSoKidsWillTalkbyAdeleFaberandElaineMazlishprovidesmuchadviceonimprovingrelationshipswithchildren.FaberandMazlishareknownfortheirsmartwaysofhelpingparentsandkidscommunicatebetter.Thebookhassixchapters(章节),eachaboutdifferentskillsthatcanhelpparentsdealwithcommonproblems.Theauthorsdiscussmanythingsparentsfacedaily,fromdealingwiththeirkids’badfeelingstosettingstrictbutkindrules.Oneofthebestthingsaboutthebookishowmuchitstressesunderstandingandsupportingkids’feelings.Theauthorssayaclearconnectionexistsbetweenhowkidsfeelandhowtheyact.Parentscancreateasafeenvironmentwhereparentsandkidscantrusteachotherandworktogetherbyrecognizingandunderstandingtheirfeelings.Thisisdifferentfromtheusualwaysofdealingwithproblemsinvolving(涉及)punishmentandthreats,whichoftenmakethingsworseinsteadofbetter.Thewritingstyleisclearandsimple,sopeoplecanquicklylearnandimplementtheskillsintheireverydaylives.Thetasksattheendofeachchaptermakeitevenmoreusefulbyencouragingreaderstotrytheskillsandlearnthembyheart.Everyonewhowantstoimprovetheircommunicationwithkidsshouldreadthisbook.Itsrespectfulandunderstandingmethodsstrengthenrelationshipsandimproveparenting.Itisahelpfultoolforparentsdealingwithstubbornchildrenortheemotionalupsanddownsofteenagers.Followingtheideasinthisbook,parentscanmaketheirhomesmorepeaceful,wherekidsfeelheardandunderstood.Thiscontributestoraisingconfident,respectful,andmentallysmartkids.Everyonewhowantstolearnhowtocommunicatewithchildreneffectivelymustreadthisfamousbook.8.WhatisFaberandMazlish’sbookmainlyabout?A.Practicalsuggestionsonbetterparenting. B.Creativestrategiesforremovingbadhabits.C.Waysforchildrentobecomemoreindependent. D.Communicationskillsforclearself-expression.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“implement”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Record. B.Compare. C.Recognize. D.Apply.10.Whatcanparentsexpecttogetbyfollowingtheideasinthebook?A.Moreopen-mindedkids. B.Apeacefulfamilyenvironment.C.Achancetomeetlike-mindedparents. D.Bettermanagementovertheiremotions.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torecommendabook. B.Tovoiceacommonfear.C.Topresentaninterestingfinding. D.Tooffersuggestionsonremovingstress.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《如何说孩子才会听，如何听孩子才肯说》这本书及其内容与作用。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThebookHowtoTalkSoKidsWillListen&ListenSoKidsWillTalkbyAdeleFaberandElaineMazlishprovidesmuchadviceonimprovingrelationshipswithchildren.(AdeleFaber和ElaineMazlish所著的《如何说孩子才会听，如何听孩子才肯说》一书提供了很多改善与孩子关系的建议)”以及第二段“Thebookhassixchapters(章节),eachaboutdifferentskillsthatcanhelpparentsdealwithcommonproblems.(这本书有六个章节，每个章节都讲述了不同的技能，可以帮助父母处理常见的问题)”可知，Faber和Mazlish的书主要是关于更好的育儿的实用建议。故选A。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Thewritingstyleisclearandsimple,sopeoplecanquicklylearnandimplementtheskillsintheireverydaylives.(写作风格清晰简单，所以人们可以很快学会并在日常生活中implement这些技能)”可知，这本书的写作风格清晰简单，所以人们可以快速学习并在日常生活中“运用”这些技能。由此可知，implement意为“运用”，与Apply意义相近。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Followingtheideasinthisbook,parentscanmaketheirhomesmorepeaceful,wherekidsfeelheardandunderstood.(遵循这本书中的理念，父母可以让他们的家更平静，让孩子们感到被倾听和理解)”可知，遵循书中的理念，父母可以营造一个平静的家庭环境。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThebookHowtoTalkSoKidsWillListen&ListenSoKidsWillTalkbyAdeleFaberandElaineMazlishprovidesmuchadviceonimprovingrelationshipswithchildren.(AdeleFaber和ElaineMazlish所著的《如何说孩子才会听，如何听孩子才肯说》一书提供了很多改善与孩子关系的建议)”以及最后一段“Everyonewhowantstolearnhowtocommunicatewithchildreneffectivelymustreadthisfamousbook.(每个想学习如何与孩子有效沟通的人都必须读这本著名的书)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本书。故选A。DSportutilityvehicles(SUVs)andothersimilarlarge-sizedcarsarecommonontheroadsacrosstheUK.Theymadeup63%ofnewcarsaleslastyear,upfrom12%in2010.Globally,thenumberisabout48%andshowsnosignofcomingdown.Carsaregettingbigger,andthatisaproblem.Themainharmfromcarsisroaddanger,pollutionandpeopledrivinginsteadofwalkingorcycling.Largerandheaviercarscausemoreseriousrisks.AstudylookedatwhathappenedwhenanSUVhitawalkingpersonorcyclist.Itfoundthatadultswere44%morelikelytodieifhitbyanSUVthanbyanormalcar.ItalsodiscoveredthatintheUS,10%ofwalkerandcyclistdeathsandseriousinjurieswouldbepreventedifSUVswerereplaced(代替)withsmallercars.Carsarealsogettingwider—atrend(趋势)knownas“carspreading”.Onaverage,newcarsinEuropegothalfacentimetrewidereachyearfrom2010to2024.Thereisonlysomuchroadspace,andmoreofitbeingtakenupbycarsmeansthereislessofitforpeoplecyclingorusingothertypesoftransportation.Ifmorepeoplewerewalkingandcycling,theirhealthwouldbemuchbetter.Socarsgettingbiggermeanspeoplearemissingoutonthatadvantage,too.Theextrasizeofthesecarsalsobringsmoreairpollution.AsSUVsareheavierthanothercars,theyneedmoreoiltorunandgiveoffmorepollution.AndevenelectricSUVscannothelpimproveairqualityaseffectivelyassmallerelectriccars.Ifwearegoingtohavesaferstreetsandcleanerair,weneedtoconsidertheseproblemswhenbuyingacar.Governmentsarealsoexpectedtodomoretobringthecostsofthesecarsintolinewiththeextradangerandpollutiontheycause.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudyinparagraph2?A.SUVsaremorelikelytocausedeaths.B.Normalcarscanavoidhittingwalkersandcyclists.C.ThelatestmodelsofSUVsonthemarketaresafer.D.Therearemoreandmorepeoplechoosingnottodrive.13.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Thesolutiontolimitedroadspace.B.Theharmfuleffectsofthecarspreadingtrend.C.ThereasonsforwidercarsbecomingmorepopularinEurope.D.Therelationshipbetweencarwidthandpeople’sphysicalhealth.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslargercars?A.Unconcerned. B.Mixed. C.Unsupportive. D.Appreciative.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheIncreasingPopularityofSUVs B.TheHiddenDangersofLargerCarsC.TheDevelopmentoftheCarIndustry D.TheCompetitionbetweenNormalandLargeCars【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕大型汽车(尤其是SUV)展开，介绍了其在全球及英国销量增长的现状，阐述了大型汽车在道路安全、占用空间、污染排放等方面带来的诸多隐患，同时呼吁个人购车时考虑这些问题，也希望政府采取措施管控大型汽车的相关成本以减少其危害。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“AstudylookedatwhathappenedwhenanSUVhitawalkingpersonorcyclist.Itfoundthatadultswere44%morelikelytodieifhitbyanSUVthanbyanormalcar.(一项研究考察了当一辆运动型多用途车（SUV）撞上行人或骑自行车者时的情况。研究发现，与被普通汽车撞到相比，被SUV撞到的成年人死亡的可能性要高出44%)”可知，研究表明SUV相比普通汽车，更有可能导致被撞者死亡。故选A。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Carsarealsogettingwider—atrend(趋势)knownas“carspreading”.Onaverage,newcarsinEuropegothalfacentimetrewidereachyearfrom2010to2024.Thereisonlysomuchroadspace,andmoreofitbeingtakenupbycarsmeansthereislessofitforpeoplecyclingorusingothertypesoftransportation.Ifmorepeoplewerewalkingandcycling,theirhealthwouldbemuchbetter.Socarsgettingbiggermeanspeoplearemissingoutonthatadvantage,too.Theextrasizeofthesecarsalsobringsmoreairpollution.AsSUVsareheavierthanothercars,theyneedmoreoiltorunandgiveoffmorepollution.AndevenelectricSUVscannothelpimproveairqualityaseffectivelyassmallerelectriccars.(汽车的车身尺寸也在不断加宽——这种现象被称为“汽车加宽化”。从2010年到2024年，欧洲的新车平均每年会加宽0.5厘米。道路空间是有限的，而汽车占用的更多空间意味着留给骑自行车或使用其他交通方式的人的空间就更少了。如果更多的人选择步行和骑自行车，他们的健康状况将会大大改善。因此，汽车变得更大意味着人们也失去了这一优势。这些汽车的额外尺寸还带来了更多的空气污染。由于SUV比其他汽车更重，它们需要更多的燃油来运行，并产生更多的污染。而且即使是电动SUV也无法像较小的电动汽车那样有效地改善空气质量)”可知，本段主要讲的是汽车变宽这一趋势的危害。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifwearegoingtohavesaferstreetsandcleanerair,weneedtoconsidertheseproblemswhenbuyingacar.Governmentsarealsoexpectedtodomoretobringthecostsofthesecarsintolinewiththeextradangerandpollutiontheycause.(如果我们想要拥有更安全的街道和更清洁的空气，那么在购买汽车时我们就需要考虑这些问题。同时，政府也应当采取更多措施，使这些汽车的成本与它们所带来的额外危险和污染相匹配)”以及作者详细阐述了大型汽车带来的道路安全风险、空间占用、污染加剧等问题，最后还呼吁人们购车时考虑这些问题，希望政府管控大型汽车的成本以匹配其造成的危害，由此可判断作者对大型汽车持不支持的态度。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sportutilityvehicles(SUVs)andothersimilarlarge-sizedcarsarecommonontheroadsacrosstheUK.Theymadeup63%ofnewcarsaleslastyear,upfrom12%in2010.Globally,thenumberisabout48%andshowsnosignofcomingdown.Carsaregettingbigger,andthatisaproblem.(在英国各地的公路上，运动型多用途车（SUV）以及其他类似的大型汽车十分常见。去年这类车辆占新车销量的63%，而2010年这一比例仅为12%。在全球范围内，这一比例约为48%，且没有下降的迹象。汽车正变得越来越大，这确实是个问题)”以及文章开篇点明汽车变大是个问题，随后从安全、空间、污染等方面详细论述大型汽车的潜在危害，最后提出应对建议，即全文围绕大型汽车的隐患展开，B项“大型汽车的潜在危害”最适合作为文章标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PhotographerMandyhasbeencreatingpicturesaboutwasteintheseasince2010.Asachild,shespentalotoftimeontheeastcoastcollectingdriftwoodandseaglass.____16____Shefoundacomputer,aTV,andsoon.Shehadtoaskwhatwasgoingonandwheretheycamefrom.Herphotographyprojectfocusesonman-madeclothing.Itbeganinarockpoolin2012,whereshefoundapiecethatlookedexactlylikeseaweed,brownandgreen,withmarkings.Pullingitout,shefounditwasactuallypolyester(聚酯纤维)fromaboutthe1970s.____17____Sherealizedthattheclothingwewereputtingonwasbecomingtheplasticsgoingintoourwaters.Onherwebsite,there’samapofalltheplaceswhereshediscoveredtheplastics.Itshowsthatit’snotjustcertainbeachescoveredinplastics.____18____Atthesametime,Mandystressedthatplasticswerenottheonlythingsleftonthebeachbychance.FromHalloweencostumestoschooluniforms,shefoundsomeclothingdatingbacktensofyears.“____19____Thatisbecausepeoplecan’tvisittheseplaces,andthescientificresearchmaynotbereadbythegeneralpublic,”shesaid.Thatthinkingledhertostartthephotographyproject,showinghowfastfashionproducesanumberofcheapclothingandpeopledon’twearitthatlong.“Infact,wedon’teventhinkaboutwhathappenstoourclothingafterwethrowitaway.”Whencompletingherproject,Mandypromisednottobuyanyclothesforayear.Shenowoftenreceivesemailsfromthosewhodothesameafterseeingherphotographywork.Evenifpeopledon’ttakethatstep,drawingattentiontotheproblemcanmakethembuyless.____20____A.It’sactuallyeverywhere.B.That’sabigwinforher.C.Theywillsoonbreakdown.D.Findingthischangedherlife.E.Shealsofoundotherthingswashedup.F.Ishouldpassonwhat’sgoingonasanartist.G.I’veneverthoughtwhatIdocouldmakeadifference.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.F20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了摄影师曼迪自2010年起创作海洋垃圾主题摄影作品的经历与初衷。【16题详析】根据上文“Asachild,shespentalotoftimeontheeastcoastcollectingdriftwoodandseaglass.(小时候，她花了很多时间在东海岸收集浮木和海玻璃)”以及下文“Shefoundacomputer,aTV,andsoon.(她发现了电脑、电视之类的东西)”可知，此空需要承接前文的海边捡拾行为，过渡到后文发现的各类非自然垃圾，体现其发现的垃圾种类的变化。E选项“Shealsofoundotherthingswashedup.(她还发现了被冲上岸的其他东西)”中的“also”衔接前文的捡拾行为，“otherthingswashedup”指代后文的电脑、电视等垃圾，自然衔接上下文，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详析】根据上文“Pullingitout,shefounditwasactuallypolyester(聚酯纤维)fromaboutthe1970s.(她把它捞出来后，发现那其实是上世纪70年代的聚酯纤维制品)”以及下文“Sherealizedthattheclothingwewereputtingonwasbecomingtheplasticsgoingintoourwaters.(她意识到，我们身上穿的衣物，正变成流入海洋的塑料垃圾)”可知，此空需要点明这次发现的重大影响，正是这次发现让她产生了后续的认知，进而开启相关摄影项目。D选项“Findingthischangedherlife.(这次发现改变了她的人生)”中的“Findingthis”指代前文发现聚酯纤维衣物垃圾的经历，精准衔接后文她的认知转变，体现这次发现的关键作用，符合语境。故选D项。【18题详析】根据上文“Itshowsthatit’snotjustcertainbeachescoveredinplastics.(这表明，并非只有特定的海滩被塑料垃圾覆盖)”可知，此空需要承接前文，进一步说明海洋塑料垃圾的分布特点，即分布范围并非局限，而是十分广泛。A选项“It’sactuallyeverywhere.(事实上，它无处不在)”中的“It”指代前文的“plastics”，直接承接“并非只有特定海滩有塑料垃圾”的观点，点明塑料垃圾遍布各处的分布现状，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详析】根据下文“Thatisbecausepeoplecan’tvisittheseplaces,andthescientificresearchmaynotbereadbythegeneralpublic,”shesaid.Thatthinkingledhertostartthephotographyproject(她表示：“这是因为人们无法去到这些地方，而相关的科学研究也可能不会被普通大众看到。”正是这个想法，让她开启了这个摄影项目)”可知，此空需要点明她开启摄影项目的初衷，即作为摄影师想要将海洋垃圾的现状传递给大众。F选项“Ishouldpassonwhat’sgoingonasanartist.(作为一名艺术家，我应该把当下的现状传递出去)”中的“asanartist”契合她摄影师的身份，“passonwhat’sgoingon”正是她开启摄影项目的核心初衷，后文的内容则是对该句的原因解释，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详析】根据上文“Shenowoftenreceivesemailsfromthosewhodothesameafterseeingherphotographywork.Evenifpeopledon’ttakethatstep,drawingattentiontotheproblemcanmakethembuyless.(如今，她经常收到一些人的邮件，这些人看了她的摄影作品后，也开始一年不买衣服。即便有人没有采取这一行动，让人们关注到这个问题，也能让他们减少衣物购买)”可知，此空需要总结前文的内容，点明这些结果对于曼迪的环保行动而言，是一种积极的成果。B选项“That’sabigwinforher.(这对她来说是一场巨大的胜利)”中的“That”指代前文人们受其作品影响采取的各类环保行为，精准总结这些行为带来的积极效果，契合曼迪的环保初衷，符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Jamesalwaysdreamedofrunningamarathon(马拉松).Asachild,helovedwatchingracesonTV,____21____himselfcrossingthefinishlinetothesoundofacheeringcrowd.Butatage10,hewasfoundtohaveaserious____22____.Doctorstoldhimhewouldneverbeabletorunlikeotherkids.Foryears,James____23____withself-doubt.Everystephetookremindedhimofhis____24____.Butdeepinside,herefusedtobelievethathisdreamswere____25____andbeganfocusingonwhathecoulddo.Withthehelpofasupportivecoach,he____26____builtuphisstrength,firstwalking,andthenjogging.Oneday,hemadea____27____—signingupforamarathon.Friendsandfamilytriedtotalkhiminto____28____,butJamesjustdidn’tlisten.Onthedayofthemarathon,hestoodatthestartingpointwith____29____runners.Astheracebegan,herushedforwardwithdetermination.Thefirstfewmileswere____30____,buthekeptmovingforward.Hewasslowerthantheothers,buthedidn’t____31____.Astimewentby,____32____setinandhislegsbegantoache.However,whenhethoughthecouldn’tgoonanymore,he____33____thecrowdwascheeringforhim.Hecontinuedto____34____withallhisstrength.Whenhefinally____35____thefinishline,hiseyesfilledwithtears.Heprovedtotheworldthatdeterminationcanmakedreamscometrue.21.A.observing B.imagining C.remembering D.suggesting22.A.error B.condition C.influence D.accident23.A.communicated B.broke C.agreed D.struggled24.A.achievements B.schedules C.limitations D.responsibilities25.A.impossible B.unavoidable C.specific D.worthwhile26.A.alarmingly B.formally C.legally D.slowly27.A.comment B.difference C.move D.recovery28.A.backingout B.holdingon C.turningaround D.startingover29.A.creative B.forgiving C.experienced D.helpful30.A.relaxing B.challenging C.strategic D.equal31.A.adapt B.slide C.quit D.sweat32.A.calmness B.pride C.loneliness D.tiredness33.A.heard B.mentioned C.worried D.expected34.A.practice B.advance C.dream D.donate35.A.crossed B.removed C.missed D.measured【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述詹姆斯自幼梦想跑马拉松，却因患病被告知无法像常人一样跑步，最终凭借决心和坚持完成马拉松、实现梦想的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，他喜欢在电视上看比赛，想象着自己在欢呼的人群中冲过终点线的样子。A.observing观察；B.imagining想象；C.remembering记得；D.suggesting建议。根据前文“Jamesalwaysdreamedofrunningamarathon”可知，詹姆斯梦想跑马拉松，看比赛时会想象自己冲过终点线的场景。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在10岁时，他被发现患有严重的疾病。A.error错误；B.condition疾病、状况；C.influence影响；D.accident事故。根据后文“Doctorstoldhimhewouldneverbeabletorunlikeotherkids”可知，此处指他患上了严重的疾病，导致无法像其他孩子一样跑步。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，詹姆斯一直与自我怀疑作斗争。A.communicated交流；B.broke打破；C.agreed同意；D.struggled斗争。根据前文他患病无法跑步、梦想受阻，以及“self-doubt”可知，他长期在自我怀疑中挣扎。故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迈出的每一步都让他想起自己的局限。A.achievements成就；B.schedules日程；C.limitations局限、限制；D.responsibilities责任。根据上文“Doctorstoldhimhewouldneverbeabletorunlikeotherkids.”可知，每一步都能让他意识到自己身体上的局限。故选C。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在内心深处，他拒绝相信自己的梦想是不可能实现的，并开始专注于自己能做的事情。A.impossible不可能的；B.unavoidable不可避免的；C.specific具体的；D.worthwhile值得的。根据下文“builtuphisstrength,firstwalking,andthenjogging.”他开始锻炼、尝试跑马拉松可知，他不相信自己的梦想无法实现。故选A。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一位支持他的教练的帮助下，他慢慢增强了力量，先是走路，然后是慢跑。A.alarmingly惊人地；B.formally正式地；C.legally合法地；D.slowly慢慢地。根据下文“firstwalking,andthenjogging”可知，他的力量是逐步、慢慢增强的，符合循序渐进的过程。故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他做出了一个举动——报名参加马拉松。A.comment评论；B.difference差异；C.move举动、行动；D.recovery恢复。结合后文“signingupforamarathon”可知，报名参加马拉松是他做出的一个具体举动。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：亲友们试图劝他退出，但詹姆斯就是不听。A.backingout退出、打退堂鼓；B.holdingon坚持；C.turningaround转身；D.startingover重新开始。根据后文“butJamesjustdidn’tlisten.”并结合他的身体情况推测，亲友劝他退出比赛。故选A。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马拉松那天，他和一群经验丰富的跑步者一起站在起跑线上。A.creative有创造力的；B.forgiving宽容的；C.experienced有经验的；D.helpful有帮助的。结合马拉松比赛的场景，参与比赛的大多是有经验的跑步者，符合语境。故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开始的几英里很有挑战性，但他一直向前走。A.relaxing令人放松的；B.challenging挑战性的；C.strategic战略性的；D.equal平等的。结合詹姆斯的身体状况，以及后文“buthekeptmovingforward”可知，刚开始的几英里对他来说并不容易，充满挑战。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他比其他人慢，但他没有放弃。A.adapt适应；B.slide滑动；C.quit放弃；D.sweat出汗。根据前文“hewasslowerthantheothers,but”可知，此处表转折，他虽然慢，但没有放弃。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，疲惫感袭来，他的腿开始酸痛。A.calmness冷静；B.pride骄傲；C.loneliness孤独；D.tiredness疲惫、劳累。根据后文“hislegsbegantoache”可知，长时间跑步让他感到疲惫。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他以为自己再也跑不动的时候，他听到了人群在为他欢呼。A.heard听到；B.mentioned提到；C.worried担心；D.expected期待。结合下文“thecrowdwascheeringforhim”可知，他听到了人群的欢呼声。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续用尽全力前进。A.practice练习；B.advance前进、推进；C.dream梦想；D.donate捐赠。根据前文“thecrowdwascheeringforhim.”可知，听到人群欢呼他继续向前跑。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他最终冲过终点线时，眼里充满了泪水。A.crossed穿过、冲过；B.removed移除；C.missed错过；D.measured测量。根据后文“hiseyesfilledwithtears.Heprovedtotheworldthatdeterminationcanmakedreamscometrue.”可知，他冲过了终点线。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheMuseumofFineArtsinBudapestopenedamajorChineseculturalexhibition(展览)onNov27.ItisoneofthemostimportantChineseculturalexhibitionsever____36____(hold)inHungaryandpresentsover150ancientartworksfromtheQin(221BC—206BC)andHan(206BC—220AD)dynasties,including10originalTerracottaWarriors.Theexhibition,____37____wasorganizedbytheBudapestmuseumandtheShaanxiProvincialCulturalHeritageAdministration,isscheduled____38____(last)forsixmonths.Inhisopeningspeech,HungarianPresidentTamasSulyoksaidthatHungaryandChinahavedevelopedstrongandfruitfulrelationsinavarietyof____39____(field),likeculture,economy,science,innovationanddiplomacy.Headdedthatsuchanexhibitioncouldshowthefast____40____(grow)connectionsbetweenthetwocountries.LaszloBaan,____41____(direct)ofthemuseum,saystheexhibitionsetsanewbenchmarkforCentralEurope.Heexpressesconfidencethat____42____numberofvisitorscouldbe“amongthehighestinthemuseum’shistory”,reachinghalfamillion.RekaPalinka,avisitor,saysshe____43____(introduce)totheTerracottaWarriorsforthefirsttimein1988inBudapest,andrevisitingthemyearslaterhasdeepenedherunderstandingoftheirhistorical____44____culturalimportance.“WhenIwasyoung,itjustamazedme;nowIcan_____45_____(true)understandhowbigandimportantthisspecialgroupofancientrelicsis,”shesays.【答案】36.held37.which38.tolast39.fields40.growing41.director42.the43.wasintroduced44.and45.truly【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了布达佩斯美术博物馆于11月27日举办的一场大型中国文化展览，介绍了展览的主办方、展期、展品，以及匈牙利总统、博物馆负责人和参观者对这场展览的评价。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是匈牙利举办过的最重要的中国文化展览之一，展出了来自秦朝（公元前221年—公元前206年）和汉朝（公元前206年—公元220年）的超过150件古代艺术品，其中包括10尊原版兵马俑。空格处作后置定语修饰名词exhibitions，exhibitions与hold之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填held。【37题详析】考查定语从句。句意：此次展览由布达佩斯博物馆和陕西省文化遗产管理局联合举办，预计将持续六个月。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Theexhibition，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。【38题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：此次展览由布达佩斯博物馆和陕西省文化遗产管理局联合举办，预计将持续六个月。bescheduledtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”。故填tolast。【39题详析】考查名词单复数。句意：在开幕致辞中，匈牙利总统塔马斯·苏柳克表示，匈牙利和中国在文化、