浙江省杭州市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYoubethejudge:shouldmyphone-addictedfriendgoonamobiledetox(戒断)?Theprosecution(控方):JamesMyhousemateandbestfriendspendseverywakingminuteonTikTok.Iknowsheworksinsocialmedia,butshe’snowseriouslyaddictedtoit,evenaftershe’sclockedof.Besides,sheneedstostopplayingvideosloudlyaroundthehousewhenI’mwatchingTV.Thedefence:MarleyMyjobmeansIhavetobeontheballwithwhat’strendingonline.IthinkJamesisjealousbecausehe’sgotaratherboringjobinaccounting.Idon’tgoaroundplayingvideosatfullvolumeallthetime;Ithinkthat’sonlyhappenedahandfuloftimes.He’sexaggerating(夸张)there.Thejury(陪审团)ofGuardianreadersWhileMarley’suseofTikTokmayseemexcessivetosome,ultimatelyitisuptoherhowshechoosestousehertime.IfJamescan’tacceptthat,heshouldmoveout.Margo,29Marleyneedstoputherphonedown,liveinthemomentandthinklessabouthersocialmediapresence.SheisguiltyofnotvaluinganhonestfriendbecauseshethinksabetterlifeawaitsheronTikTok.Stewart,35Asafellowphoneaddict,IdohavesympathyforMarley.However,it’smorethanalittlerudetohavethesoundturnedonwhilewatchingTVtogether.Peter,40Theexcessiveuseofsocialmediaisacrimeandreflectspoorcontroloversocialhabits.Marleyneedstobemoreconsiderateofothers.Steve,6Nowyoubethe-judgeInourreaderfeedbacksection,tellus:shouldMarleygetoffTikTokandgetalife?1.WhatisMarley’sreasonforspendingtimeonTikTok?A.Shefindsanaccountingjobdull. B.Sheenjoyssharingpopularvideos.C.Sheneedstostayupdatedononlinetrends. D.SheprefersavoidinginteractionwithJames.2.WhoisfullyonMarley’sside?A.Margo. B.Stewart. C.Peter. D.Steve.3.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Alegalpaper. B.Acourtrecord.C.Alifestylesurvey. D.Aninteractivecolumn.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了Marley对社交媒体的沉迷是否需要戒断，展现了两位朋友的观点及读者的看法。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“MyjobmeansIhavetobeontheballwithwhat’strendingonline.(我的工作意味着我必须时刻关注网上的流行趋势)”可知，Marley花时间在抖音上的原因是她需要了解最新的网络趋势。故选C。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据Margo,29部分“WhileMarley’suseofTikTokmayseemexcessivetosome,ultimatelyitisuptoherhowshechoosestousehertime.IfJamescan’tacceptthat,heshouldmoveout.(虽然Marley对TikTok的使用对某些人来说似乎有些过度，但最终还是取决于她选择如何利用自己的时间。如果詹姆斯不能接受，他应该搬出去)”可知，只有Margo全力支持Marley。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inourreaderfeedbacksection,tellus:shouldMarleygetoffTikTokandgetalife?(在我们的读者反馈部分，告诉我们：Marley应该离开TikTok，开始自己的生活吗？)”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自互动专栏。故选D。B“Blow,seveno’clock.”TheclippedvoicecomesfromPeterBeamish,thescientistwhoownstheboat.14headsturn.Oureyespickoutawhale’sspraybeneaththedarkgreycliffs.Beamishslipsenginesintogear(挡位)andtheboatleapstowardsthespray.Closeby,ahuge,circulardishofwaterstartstowiden.“That’swhereshedived.She’llshowinaboutanothertwominutes."Beamishagain.Heisstudyinganimalcommunication,concentratingmostlyonthewhalesalongtheNewfound-landcoast,whereherunsascientificinn.Everytripoutfromthereisacontributiontohisresearch,paidforbytouristslikeus.Minutestickingby,Icanheartheblowcloseup.Itislikethecut-shortburstofsteamfromahugeengine.Inthevastsea,lifting,lifting,thewhaleblacksoutthesky.Herblacksidesareglistening,curvingoutsmoothandround,lookinglikeanupturnedship.“She’sgoingtodive.Waitforthetail.”Thewhaleeasesalittletoourleft.Herbackarchesslowly,thewaterspillingoffitincurtains.AndthenoneofthemostmemorablesightsonEarth:thetailunfoldsfromthesurfaceinendlessslowmotion,theimmenseflatflukes(鲸的尾叶)pouringdownwaterandlight.Foramomentitseemstopause;thenthetailslowlyslidesdown,meltinglittlebylittleatthebase.Thesearushesin,foaming,leavingthetrailofbubblesbehindherdissolvingtonothing;andsheisgone.“ThatwasBarbara.”Beamishgiveseverywhaleanamewhileitishere.“She’sa40-footfemale,somewherebetweensevenand15yearsold.ShecameherelastmonthwiththerestoftheherdupfromtheCaribbean.”Thesurfacingofawhalebesideasmallboatintheseaisanexperiencethatcannotbeovershadowedbyanytelevisiondocumentaries.Itisnotonlythecreature’ssize,norevenitspowerandgrace.Itisthesenseitconveysofalltimecontinuing;oflivingbysomeotherclock,lesshurriedandmorecertainthanourown.4.WhatroledidPeterBeamishplayonthetrip?A.Acoach. B.Asightseer. C.Afunder. D.Aguide.5.Howdoestheauthorperceivethewhale’sblowanddive?A.Striking. B.Dangerous. C.Terrifying. D.Instructive.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriterfromthelastparagraph?A.Hesensestheoverwhelmingpoweroftime.B.Heisscaredbythewhale’ssizeandpower.C.Hefeelsamorenaturalandslowerpaceoflife.D.HefindswhalesonTVdocumentariesmorethrilling.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themysteryofthewhale. B.Themagicofwhalewatching.C.Sailingaroundwithascientist. D.Goingonascientifictrip.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了跟随一位科学家近距离观看鲸鱼的经历。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Everytripoutfromthereisacontributiontohisresearch,paidforbytouristslikeus.(从那里出发的每一次旅行都是对他的研究的贡献，由像我们这样的游客买单)”可推知，彼得·比米什在这次旅行中扮演了导游角色。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“AndthenoneofthemostmemorablesightsonEarth:thetailunfoldsfromthesurfaceinendlessslowmotion,theimmenseflatflukes(鲸的尾叶)pouringdownwaterandlight.(然后是地球上最令人难忘的景象之一：尾巴从表面展开，以无尽的慢动作，巨大的扁平吸片将水和光线倾泻而下)”可知，作者认为鲸鱼的击打和俯冲引人注目。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itisthesenseitconveysofalltimecontinuing;oflivingbysomeotherclock,lesshurriedandmorecertainthanourown.(它所传达的是一种永恒的感觉；按照另一个时钟生活，比我们自己的时钟更不匆忙，更确定)”可知，作者感觉到一种更自然、更慢的生活节奏。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thesurfacingofawhalebesideasmallboatintheseaisanexperiencethatcannotbeovershadowedbyanytelevisiondocumentaries.Itisnotonlythecreature’ssize,norevenitspowerandgrace.Itisthesenseitconveysofalltimecontinuing;oflivingbysomeotherclock,lesshurriedandmorecertainthanourown.(在海面上，一条鲸鱼在小船旁浮出水面，这种经历是任何电视纪录片都无法掩盖的。这不仅是因为它的体型，甚至还因为它的力量和优雅。它所传达的是一种永恒的感觉；按照另一个时钟生活，比我们自己的时钟更不匆忙，更确定)”以及本文叙述了跟随一位科学家近距离观看鲸鱼的经历。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是观鲸的魔力。故选B。CMomalwayssaid,“Chooseyourfriendswisely.”NowastudyledbyaRutgers-Healthprofessorshowsshewasontosomething:Theirtraitscanaffectyou—especiallyonesthatareintheirgenes.Thegeneticmake-upofadolescentpeersmayhavelong-termconsequencesforindividualriskofdrugandalcoholusedisorders,depressionandanxiety,thegroundbreakingstudyhasfound.“Whatourdataillustratesisthelongreachofsocialgeneticeffects,”saidJessicaE.Salvatore,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatryattheRutgersRobertWoodJohnsonMedicalSchoolandleadauthorofthestudypublishedintheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry.Socio-genomics—theinfluenceofoneperson’sgenotypeontheobservabletraitsofanother—isanemergingfieldofgenomics.Previousresearchsuggestedthatpeers’geneticmake-upmightinfluencehealthoutcomesoftheirfriends.Totestthis,SalvatoreandhercolleaguesusedSwedishnationaldatatoassesspeersocialgeneticeffectsforseveralmentaldisorders.Withananonymous(匿名的)databaseofmorethan1.5millionindividualsborninSwedenbetween1980and1998toSwedish-bornparents,thefirststepwastomapindividualsbylocationandbyschoolduringtheirteenageyears.Theresearchersthenusedmedical,pharmacyandlegalregistriesdocumentingsubstanceuseandmentalhealthdisordersforthesameindividualsinadulthood.Havingcontrolledfactorssuchasthetargetindividuals’owngenetictendenciesandfamilysocio-economicfactors,theresearchersstillfoundaclearassociationbetweenpeers’genetictendenciesandtargetindividuals’likelihoodofdevelopingasubstanceuseormentaldisorder.Theimpactswerestrongeramongschool-basedpeersthangeographicallydefinedpeers.Salvatoresaidmoreresearchisneededtounderstandwhytheseconnectionsexist.Butwhatisclear,shesaid,iswhatthefindingsmeanforinterventions.“Ifwewanttothinkabouthowtobestaddressthesesociallycostlydisorders,weneedtothinkmoreaboutnetwork-basedandsocialinterventions,”shesaid.“It’snotenoughtothinkaboutindividualrisk.”Thisresearchalsounderlinestheimportanceofdisrupting(中断)processesandrisksthatextendforatleastadecadeafterattendanceinschool,Salvatoreadded.“Peergeneticinfluenceshaveaverylongreach,”shesaid.8.WhydidSalvatoreandhercolleaguesconducttheresearch?A.Tocheckformerresearchonsocio-genomics.B.Totesttheeffectivenessofsocio-genomics.C.Tofigureoutadolescents’currenthealthcondition.D.Toexplorethefieldofadolescents’mentaldisorders.9.WhatmethoddidSalvatoreandhercolleaguesapplyintheresearch?A.Analyzingstatisticsfromadatabase. B.Referringtopreviousstudies.C.Conductingsurveysamongteenagers. D.Usingamappingtooltotrackindividuals.10.Thesignificanceoftheresearchliesinthat________.A.ItstressedtheurgencyofconductingmorerelevantresearchB.itrevealsthesocialcostofmentaldisordersC.ithighlightedthenecessityofmoreeffectiveinterventionsD.itenvisionedthepossibilityofdisruptingrisksinadecade11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Geneticinfluences:TheHiddenFoundationofFriendship.B.Peers’geneticmake-up:Themostinfluentialfactor.C.WiseFriends:DeterminantsofYourPersonality.D.YourSchoolFriends:TheirGenesMattertoYou.【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明青少年同伴的基因构成会对其朋友的心理健康和物质使用障碍风险产生长期影响，强调了同伴基因对个体的深远作用。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Previousresearchsuggestedthatpeers’geneticmake-upmightinfluencehealthoutcomesoftheirfriends.Totestthis,SalvatoreandhercolleaguesusedSwedishnationaldatatoassesspeersocialgeneticeffectsforseveralmentaldisorders.(先前的研究表明，同伴的基因构成可能会影响其朋友的健康结果。为了验证这一点，Salvatore及其同事使用瑞典国家数据来评估同伴社会遗传效应对几种精神障碍的影响)”可知，Salvatore和她的同事进行这项研究是为了验证之前关于社会基因组学的研究。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Withananonymous(匿名的)databaseofmorethan1.5millionindividualsborninSwedenbetween1980and1998toSwedish-bornparents,thefirststepwastomapindividualsbylocationandbyschoolduringtheirteenageyears.(通过一个包含1980年至1998年间在瑞典出生、父母为瑞典人的150多万人的匿名数据库，第一步是在青少年时期按地理位置和学校对个体进行定位)”可知，Salvatore和她的同事在研究中应用的方法是分析数据库中的统计数据。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段“Ifwewanttothinkabouthowtobestaddressthesesociallycostlydisorders,weneedtothinkmoreaboutnetwork-basedandsocialinterventions,(如果我们想思考如何最好地解决这些具有社会成本的障碍，我们需要更多地思考基于网络和社会的干预措施)”可知，该研究的意义在于强调了需要更有效的干预措施。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Theirtraitscanaffectyou—especiallyonesthatareintheirgenes.(他们的特质会影响你——尤其是那些在他们基因中的特质)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了研究表明青少年同伴的基因构成会对其朋友的心理健康和物质使用障碍风险产生长期影响，强调了同伴基因对个体的深远作用，所以“同伴的基因构成对你很重要”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。DYouseeafantasticoffer,likeahotelroom.Youdecidetobook.Thenitturnsoutthereisaservicefee.Thenacleaningfee.Thenafewotherextracosts.Bythetimeyoupaythefinalprice,itisnolongerthefantasticofferyouthought.Welcometotheworldofdrippricing—thepracticeofpromotingsomethingatanattractiveheadlinepriceandthen,onceyou’vecommittedtothepurchaseprocess,hittingyouwithunavoidableadd-onsthatare“dripped”.Inmostcases,youseethroughalladditionallyaddedmandatoryfees,andeventhoughyoucouldrelinquishthedeal,youchoosetobitethebulletandcompletethedeal.Resistancetotheideaofstartingthesearchalloveragainisnotsimplyamatteroflazinessorindecision.There’saprofoundpsychologicalmechanismatplayhere,calledthepresentbias.Inthepaper,DoingItNoworLater,economistMatthewRabindefinespeople’spresent-biasedpreferenceviaanexampleofchoosingbetweendoingsevenhoursofunpleasantactivityonApril1oreighthourstwoweekslater:IfaskedonFebruary1,mostpeoplewillchoosetheearlieroption.ButcomeApril1,giventhesamechoice,mostofustendtoputoffworktillApril15.Insimpleterms,theinconvenienceofdoingsomething“rightnow”oftenfeelsdisproportionatelylarge.Beyondthechallengeofstartingover,there’sanotherpsychologicalphenomenonthatdrippricinguses-lossaversion.Imagineyou’rebookingticketsforashow.Initiallyattractedbytheheadlineprice,you’renowpresentedwithdifferentseatingcategories.SeeingaVIPticketiswithinyourbudget,youdecidetoforkout.Butthen,duringthecheckoutprocess,thedripbegins.Yourealizeyoucouldhavechosenlower-categoryseats,butbythisstage,you’vealreadyimaginedyourselfenjoyingtheshowfromthoseniceseats.Goingbacktoacheaperseatwillfeellikealoss.Buyerswouldbenefitfromabanondrippricing.Manycountriesaretakingstepstoprotectconsumersfromdrippricing.Theeffectivenessofsuchmeasures,however,isuncertain.Nonetheless,youcanhopefullymakeamoreinformeddecisionbyunderstandingwhythestrategyworks.12.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofdrippricing?A.FlightHubintroducesabonusafteryouchoosetheirflight.B.Airbnboffersyouamembershipaccountwhenyoubookatrip.C.Rent-A-Carchargeswearandtearfeesbeyondtheadvertisedprice.D.Ticketmasterprovidesoptionalitemsatlaterstagesofyourpurchase.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“relinquish”inparagraph3mean?A.Reach. B.Abandon. C.Sign. D.Expand.14.HowwillRabinexplainpeople’srefusaltocancelanorderandremakeone?A.Peoplearelikelytoblindlysticktotheirinitialintentions.B.Peopleliketograbearlierrewardsanddelayimmediatecosts.C.Peoplestruggletomakeadecisionamongmultiplechoices.D.Peopletendtotolerateadditionalcostswithintheirbudget.15.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplainwhypeoplefallintothedrippricingtrick.B.Toeducatecustomersonhowtodealwithdrippricing.C.Tocallongovernmentstoprotectconsumers’interests.D.Tointroducetwopsychologicalphenomenaaboutspending.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了滴漏式定价的策略及其背后的心理学机制，以及消费者为何容易陷入这种定价陷阱。【12题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Welcometotheworldofdrippricing—thepracticeofpromotingsomethingatanattractiveheadlinepriceandthen,onceyou’vecommittedtothepurchaseprocess,hittingyouwithunavoidableadd-onsthatare“dripped”.(欢迎来到滴漏式定价的世界——一种以吸引人的标题价格促销商品的做法，然后，一旦你承诺购买过程，就会用不可避免的“滴漏式”附加条款来打击你。)”可知，Rent-A-Car在广告价格之外收取磨损费是滴漏式定价的一个例子。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。由第三段中“Inmostcases,youseethroughalladditionallyaddedmandatoryfees,andeventhoughyoucouldrelinquishthedeal,youchoosetobitethebulletandcompletethedeal.(在大多数情况下，你看透了所有额外的强制性费用，即使你可以relinquish这笔交易，你还是选择咬紧牙关完成这笔交易。)”可知，尽管你可以放弃这笔交易，但你还是选择咬紧牙关完成交易。relinquish意为“放弃”。A.Reach达到；B.Abandon放弃；C.Sign签名；D.Expand扩展。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。由第四段中“Inthepaper,DoingItNoworLater,economistMatthewRabindefinespeople’spresent-biasedpreferenceviaanexampleofchoosingbetweendoingsevenhoursofunpleasantactivityonApril1oreighthourstwoweekslater:IfaskedonFebruary1,mostpeoplewillchoosetheearlieroption.ButcomeApril1,giventhesamechoice,mostofustendtoputoffworktillApril15.(经济学家马修·拉宾在论文《现在做还是以后做》中，通过一个在4月1日做7小时不愉快的活动，还是在两周后做8小时不愉快的活动之间进行选择的例子，定义了人们对现在的偏好：如果在2月1日被问及这个问题，大多数人会选择更早的选项。但到了4月1日，如果面临同样的选择，我们大多数人倾向于把工作推迟到4月15日。)”可知，拉宾通过一个例子来解释人们拒绝取消订单并重新下单的原因，这个例子是选择在4月1日做7个小时的不愉快活动，还是在两周后做8个小时的活动。这表明人们喜欢提前获得奖励并推迟立即的成本。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Welcometotheworldofdrippricing—thepracticeofpromotingsomethingatanattractiveheadlinepriceandthen,onceyou’vecommittedtothepurchaseprocess,hittingyouwithunavoidableadd-onsthatare“dripped”.(欢迎来到滴漏式定价的世界——一种以吸引人的标题价格促销商品的做法，然后，一旦你承诺购买过程，就会用不可避免的“滴漏式”附加条款来打击你。)”和最后一段中“Buyerswouldbenefitfromabanondrippricing.Manycountriesaretakingstepstoprotectconsumersfromdrippricing.Theeffectivenessofsuchmeasures,however,isuncertain.Nonetheless,youcanhopefullymakeamoreinformeddecisionbyunderstandingwhythestrategyworks.(买家将从滴漏式定价禁令中受益。许多国家正在采取措施保护消费者免受滴漏式定价的影响。然而，这些措施的有效性尚不确定。尽管如此，你还是可以通过理解为什么这个策略有效而做出更明智的决定。)”可知，文章主要介绍了滴漏式定价的策略，解释了为什么人们会落入这种定价策略的陷阱，并讨论了禁止滴漏式定价的措施。因此，作者的主要目的是解释为什么人们会落入滴漏式定价的陷阱。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverwishedtherewereamagicmethodtomakelearningeasierandmoreefficient?___16___NamedafteraNobelwinnerinphysicsknownforsimplifyingcomplexideas,thismethodcanhelpyouunlockyourpotentialandgainadeepunderstandingofvarioustopics.Step1:Startbygettingablanksheetofpaper.Writedowneverythingyoualreadyknowaboutatopic.Thisservesasyourinitialknowledgebase.Asyoudivedeeperintothetopic,continuetoaddnewinformationandinsightstoyoursheet.Bepatientduringthisprocess.___17___Step2:Explainyourtopicinawaythata12-year-oldchildcouldunderstand.___18___Beginbysimplifyingyournotes.It’seasytocomplicateasubject.However,thetruechallenge,andthetruedemonstrationofunderstanding,isinsimplification.Onlysomeonewhotrulycomprehendsasubjectcanbreakitdownintoitssimplestterms,makingitaccessibletopeopleofallages.Step3:Writedownyourexplanations.Itisapowerfultoolinthelearningprocess.Thisactivityfacilitatesreflection,throughwhichweidentifyareaswherefurtherlearningisneeded.Thelearningprocessisiterative(迭代的).Neverhesitatetogobacktothesourcematerials,especiallythepartsyoudon’tfullygraspyet.___19___Repeatthisprocessuntilyourexplanationsaresimpleandclear.Step4:Savethepagewhereyouhavedocumentedsimplifiedexplanations.Thisisanimportantstep,asthisdocumentwillserveasavaluablereferenceinthefuture.Byapplyingthistechniquetoallnewconceptsyoulearn,youwillgraduallybuildupacomprehensivefolder(文件夹)ofknowledge.___20___Thisway,notonlywillyoubestrengtheningwhatyouhavelearned,butyouwillalsohavethechancetoimproveyourunderstandingovertime.A.Thisisaneffectivetestofyourunderstanding.B.LooknofurtherthantheFeynmanTechnique.C.Learningisnotarace,butajourneyofdiscovery.D.Makeitahabittoreviewthisfolderafewtimesayear.E.Thisfoldercontainsotherpeople’scomplicatedexplanations.F.Reviewtheseparts,reflectonthem,andimproveyourunderstanding.G.TheFeynmantechniquebreaksthelearningprocessintofourbroadsteps.【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.F20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了费曼技巧的四个步骤，通过简化复杂概念、自我解释、记录反思和定期复习，帮助学习者更高效地掌握知识。【16题详析】根据上文“Haveyoueverwishedtherewereamagicmethodtomakelearningeasierandmoreefficient?(你是否曾希望有一种神奇的方法能让学习变得更轻松高效？)”和下文“NamedafteraNobelwinnerinphysicsknownforsimplifyingcomplexideas,thismethodcanhelpyouunlockyourpotentialandgainadeepunderstandingofvarioustopics.(以诺贝尔物理学奖得主的名字命名，以简化复杂的思想而闻名，这种方法可以帮助你释放你的潜力，并深入了解各种主题。)”可知，上文提出了一个问题，即是否曾希望有一种神奇的方法能让学习变得更轻松高效，下文介绍了让学习变得更轻松高效的费曼技巧，这是一种有效的方法。因此，空处应该引出费曼技巧。B选项“LooknofurtherthantheFeynmanTechnique.(不妨看看费曼技巧)”直接引出了费曼技巧，能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题详析】根据上文“Step1:Startbygettingablanksheetofpaper.Writedowneverythingyoualreadyknowaboutatopic.Thisservesasyourinitialknowledgebase.Asyoudivedeeperintothetopic,continuetoaddnewinformationandinsightstoyoursheet.Bepatientduringthisprocess.(第一步：先找一张白纸。写下你已经知道的关于一个话题的一切。这将作为您的初始知识库。随着你对主题的深入了解，继续向你的表格中添加新的信息和见解。在这个过程中要有耐心。)”可知，上文提到开始学习一个主题时，要耐心地写下已知信息和新学到的信息。因此，空处应该强调在这个过程中的耐心态度。C选项“Learningisnotarace,butajourneyofdiscovery.(学习不是比赛，而是一场探索之旅)”强调了学习是一个需要耐心的过程，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。【18题详析】根据上文“Step2:Explainyourtopicinawaythata12-year-oldchildcouldunderstand.(第二步：用一个12岁的孩子都能理解的方式来解释你的主题。)”和下文“Beginbysimplifyingyournotes.It’seasytocomplicateasubject.However,thetruechallenge,andthetruedemonstrationofunderstanding,isinsimplification.Onlysomeonewhotrulycomprehendsasubjectcanbreakitdownintoitssimplestterms,makingitaccessibletopeopleofallages.(从简化你的笔记开始。把一个问题复杂化是很容易的。然而，真正的挑战和理解的真正体现是简化。只有真正理解一门学科的人才能把它分解成最简单的术语，让所有年龄段的人都能理解。)”可知，上文提到了第二步是像向12岁孩子解释一样简化主题。下文接着说简化笔记，说明解释过程的挑战性。因此，空处应该说明解释过程对于检验理解的重要性。A选项“Thisisaneffectivetestofyourunderstanding.(这是对你理解的有效测试)”强调了解释对于检验理解的重要性，能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Step3:Writedownyourexplanations.Itisapowerfultoolinthelearningprocess.Thisactivityfacilitatesreflection,throughwhichweidentifyareaswherefurtherlearningisneeded.Thelearningprocessisiterative(迭代的).Neverhesitatetogobacktothesourcematerials,especiallythepartsyoudon’tfullygraspyet.(第三步：写下你的解释。它是学习过程中一个强大的工具。这项活动有助于反思，通过反思，我们可以确定需要进一步学习的领域。学习过程是迭代的。毫不犹豫地回到原始材料，特别是你还没有完全掌握的部分。)”和下文“Repeatthisprocessuntilyourexplanationsaresimpleandclear.(重复这个过程，直到你的解释简单明了。)”可知，上文提到如果在某些部分理解不够充分，不要犹豫回到原始材料中去。下文要求重复这个过程直到解释变得简单明了。因此，空处应该是建议回顾并改进理解。F选项“Reviewtheseparts,reflectonthem,andimproveyourunderstanding.(回顾这些部分，反思它们，并提高你的理解)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Step4:Savethepagewhereyouhavedocumentedsimplifiedexplanations.Thisisanimportantstep,asthisdocumentwillserveasavaluablereferenceinthefuture.Byapplyingthistechniquetoallnewconceptsyoulearn,youwillgraduallybuildupacomprehensivefolder(文件夹)ofknowledge.(步骤4：保存已记录简化解释的页面。这是重要的一步，因为这份文件将在今后提供有价值的参考。通过将这种方法应用到你学习的所有新概念中，你将逐渐建立一个全面的知识文件夹。)”和下文“Thisway,notonlywillyoubestrengtheningwhatyouhavelearned,butyouwillalsohavethechancetoimproveyourunderstandingovertime.(这样，你不仅可以巩固你所学的知识，而且随着时间的推移，你也有机会提高你的理解能力。)”可知，上文提到保存记录简化解释的页面作为未来的参考。下文则强调了定期复习这些资料的重要性。因此，空处应该是建议养成定期复习的习惯。D选项“Makeitahabittoreviewthisfolderafewtimesayear.(养成每年复习几次这个文件夹的习惯)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Supermarketgirl”wasn’thername.ItwasthewayI’dalways____21____thenumbersofrandompeoplewhoweren’tfriendsorfamilyinmyphone.Imet“supermarketgirl”whileshoppingforgroceries.We____22____numbersandpromisedtomeetup,butIwalkedawayknowingweprobablyneverwould.ThisisJapan.The____23____workculturedemandsthatIleavemydayjobat5:00P.M.and____24____tomyeveningandweekendpart-timejobby6:00P.M.Sparing____25____tomeetandgreetwasaconceptI’dgivenupon.Everydayfeltlikeaneternity(漫长时间).Thesupermarketbecamemy____26____.That’swhereIranintoheragain:supermarketgirl.Thistime,Ilearnedhername:Julia.Sheexplainedthatshefelt____27____too.SowemadeadatetogoforaSaturdaymorningwalktogether.That’showitstarted.Tenkilometerstothenearestrecycleshop.Wetalkedaboutthestressthatcomeswithsettlinginaforeignland:thedifferencesinculture,thelanguage____28____.Wetalkedabouthowwealwaysfeltliketheoddoneout,anoutsider.Oftentimes,wefeltthatwedidn’t____29____there.EightkilometerstoCostco.Thistime,webondedoverthemainthingwehadincommon:____30____thatcomewithbeingawoman.Shesharedthatherinsecuritieskeptlayersofsadnessbeneathher____31____ofhappiness.Igaveheraglimpseintowhatwashappeningbehindmysurfaceaswell.EverysingleSaturday,rainorsun,wewere____32____toourtradition,nevermissinganouting.Walkingoutdoorsgaveusthebeautifulsimplicityofhuman____33____.Iwasabletoopenuptosomeonewho____34____myexperience.I’mproudofus.Insteadof____35____indespair,wetookcontrol.21.A.counted B.used C.saved D.spared22.A.exchanged B.accepted C.dialed D.repeated23.A.casual B.intense C.flexible D.rewarding24.A.drag B.apply C.lead D.head25.A.trouble B.space C.time D.money26.A.home B.defence C.chance D.escape27.A.anxious B.curious C.calm D.frightened28.A.conflict B.skills C.barrier D.disorder29.A.care B.belong C.deserve D.enjoy30.A.emergencies B.accidents C.competitions D.struggles31.A.guard B.shadow C.mask D.definition32.A.devoted B.addicted C.added D.exposed33.A.position B.motivation C.reaction D.connection34.A.actedout B.relatedto C.gaveaway D.madeup35.A.drowning B.jumping C.shaking D.begging【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在日本生活艰难，感到很焦虑，所幸遇到了和自己有相似感受的Julia，两人约好周六早上一起去散步，并建立了友谊。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我一直在我的手机里保存非朋友或家人的随机号码的方式。A.counted计算；B.used使用；C.saved保存；D.spared抽出。根据后文“thenumbersofrandompeoplewhoweren’tfriendsorfamilyinmyphone”指在手机里保存非朋友或家人的随机号码，应用动词save。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们交换了电话号码，并答应见面，但我离开时知道我们可能永远不会见面。A.exchanged交换；B.accepted接受；C.dialed拨号；D.repeated重复。根据后文“numbersandpromisedtomeetup”以及上文““Supermarketgirl”wasn’thername.”可知，两人交换了号码，作者也用“超市女孩”作为对方的名字。故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：紧张的工作文化要求我在下午5点离开白天的工作，下午6点去做晚上和周末的兼职工作。A.casual随便的；B.intense紧张的；C.flexible灵活的；D.rewarding有意义的。根据后文“Ileavemydayjobat5:00P.M.”以及“weekendpart-timejobby6:00P.M.”可知，作者做两份工作，所以时间很紧张。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：紧张的工作文化要求我在下午5点离开白天的工作，下午6点去做晚上和周末的兼职工作。A.drag拖拉；B.apply应用；C.lead带领；D.head前往。根据后文“tomyeveningandweekendpart-timejob”指作者下了班要前往做兼职的地方。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：抽时间见面打招呼是我已经放弃的想法。A.trouble麻烦；B.space空间；C.time时间；D.money钱。根据后文“tomeetandgreet”以及上文提到作者的时间安排非常紧张可知，作者抽出时间和别人见面，应用time。故选C。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：超市成了我的避难所。A.home家；B.defence防御；C.chance机会；D.escape暂时解脱，逃走。结合上文可知作者做两份工作，时间非常紧张，因此超市就成了一个暂时可以解脱的地方。故选D。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她解释说她也感到焦虑。A.anxious焦虑的；B.curious好奇的；C.calm平静的；D.frightened害怕的。根据后文too以及上文“Everydayfeltlikeaneternity.(每一天都感觉像永恒)”可知，对方和作者一样，也感到焦虑。故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈到了在异国他乡定居所带来的压力：文化差异、语言障碍。A.conflict冲突；B.skills技能；C.barrier障碍；D.disorder混乱。根据上文“thestressthatcomeswithsettlinginaforeignland”可知，两人都是异国他乡，所以都存在语言障碍。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常觉得自己不属于那里。A.care关心；B.belong属于；C.deserve值得；D.enjoy欣赏。根据上文“Wetalkedabouthowwealwaysfeltliketheoddoneout,anoutsider.(我们聊了聊我们总是觉得自己是一个局外人)”可知，她们感觉像局外人，即不属于那里。故选B。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我们在我们的主要共同点上建立了联系：作为一个女人的挣扎。A.emergencies紧急事件；B.accidents事故；C.competitions比赛；D.struggles难事，挣扎。根据后文“Shesharedthatherinsecuritieskeptlayersofsadness”提到了对方的不安全感以及悲伤，所以两人都有同为女人的痛苦挣扎。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，她的不安全感使她的幸福面具下隐藏着层层悲伤。A.guard守卫；B.shadow阴影；C.mask面具；D.definition定义。根据后文“ofhappiness”此处指她的幸福面