湖北省武汉市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武汉市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThecostoflivingincountriesliketheU.S.,Britain,AustraliaorFrancehasskyrocketedinrecentyears.However,ifyouarewillingtoleaveyourcountryandexplorelifeinotherareas,therearemanycountriesboastinganextremelycheapandlowcostofliving.Checkoutthefollowingcountrieswhenplanningyournextmove.EcuadorEcuadorissimilartotheUnitedStatesinmanyways,andasaresulthasbecomeapopularAmericangetaway.ItevenusestheU.S.dollarforitscurrency.Inthiscountry,itischeapertoeatouteverydaythancookforyourselfonabudgetintheU.S.Youcanevenbuyapropertyforaround$50,000andhiresomeonetotendtoitwhileyouareaway.MexicoAlthoughthecountryisknownforitspoverty-riddenstreets,therearemanywealthierareasthatprovideeveryfacilityyoumightneed.Youcanliveoffamere$700to$800amonthinMexico,andthisincludesrentforaniceplace,facilities,food,andanysightseeing.ArgentinaArgentinahasbeenapopulartouristdestinationformanyyears.Ithasgreatrestaurants,arichhistory,andmanyplacestoexplore.Nottomention,itisnotveryexpensivetolivethere.Adecent-sizedhomecancostaround$139,000,whichisrelativelycheapinrelationtohomesintheUnitedStates.VietnamVietnamhasalsobecomeapopulartouristdestinationinrecentyears.Therearemanymillion-dollarluxuryhomesbythebeach,butyoucanfindamodestflatorsmallhomeforaround$25,000to$50,000ifyousearchintherightareas.1.WhichcountryusestheU.S.dollarasitscurrency?A.Ecuador. B.Mexico. C.Argentina. D.Vietnam.2.HowmuchdoesittakeatmosttoliveinMexicoforhalfayear?A.About$8,400. B.About$4,800. C.About$4,200. D.About$9,600.3.WhatarethecommonadvantagesoflivinginArgentinaandVietnam?A.Cheapandlowcostsofliving. B.Manymillion-dollarluxuryhomes.C.Wealthyareaswithcompletefacilities. D.Greatrestaurants,arichhistory,andmanyplacestoexplore.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。近年来，在美国、英国澳大利亚或法国等国的生活成本猛增。文章主要介绍了厄瓜多尔、阿根廷、墨西哥和越南的生活成本。【解析】1.细节理解题。根据Ecuador部分中的“ItevenusestheU.S.dollarforitscurrency.(它甚至使用美元作为货币。)”可知，Ecuador使用美元作为这个国家的货币，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据Mexico部分中的“Youcanliveoffamere$700to$800amonthinMexico,andthisincludesrentforaniceplace,facilities,food,andanysightseeing.(在墨西哥，你每个月只需要700到800美元就可以生活，这包括一个好地方的租金、设施、食物和任何观光。)”可知，在墨西哥半年的生活成本大约最多是$800*6=4800美元，故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第一段的“ifyouarewillingtoleaveyourcountryandexplorelifeinotherareas,therearemanycountriesboastinganextremelycheapandlowcostofliving.(如果你愿意离开自己的国家去其他地方探索生活，有很多国家都以生活成本极其低廉而自豪。)”可知，本文主要推荐了几个生活成本低廉的国家，由此可知，这是生活在厄瓜多尔、阿根廷、墨西哥和越南这几个国家的共同优势，故选A。BAnassociateuniversityprofessorinFloridahascompletedhisresearchmissionandsetanewworldrecordintheprocess:living100daysbeneaththeocean’ssurface.OnFridaymorning,Dr.JosephDiturifeltthesun’sraysforthefirsttimesincehebegantheproject22feetbelowthewatersofKeyLargo,Florida,onMarch1.Dituri,55,abiomedicalengineerwhoteachesattheUniversityofSouthFloridaandcallshimself“Dr.DeepSea”,spentjustoverthreemonthsatthebottomoftheEmeraldLagooninJules’UnderseaLodge,theonlyunderwaterhotelintheUnitedStates.Theresearchproject,ProjectNeptune100,wasorganizedbytheKeyLargo-basedMarineResourcesDevelopmentFoundationandfocusedonoceanconservationresearchandstudyinghowhighpressureaffectsthehumanbody.TheUSNavyveteransaidhe’dnoticedoneimpact:Thewaterpressureseemstohaveshrunkenhisheightbyhalfaninch.Dituristoodat6feet1inchtallbeforestartinghismission,theUniversityofSouthFloridastatedinanewsrelease.Thescientistbegantheprojectwithabeliefthatincreasedpressurecouldhelphumanslivelongerandpreventaging-relateddiseases,thenewsreleasesaid.Diturisaidhehopeshisunderwaterresearchwillbenefitthetreatmentofavarietyofillnesses,includingtraumaticbraininjuries.Diturialsousedtheprojectasaneducationalexperiencefortheyouth.“Wehaveinteractedwiththousandsofschoolchildrentogettheminterestedinscience,technology,engineeringandmath,“DituritoldGuinnessWorldRecordsonJune8.Whileunderwater,hecontinuedteachinghiscollegestudentsvirtually.DituribroketheGuinnessWorldRecordforlongesttimelivingunderwateratthe74-daymarkofhisproject,onMay13.Thepreviousrecordstoodat73days,twohoursand34minutes,setatthesamelocationalDituri’ssuccessfulattempt.4.WhendidDr.JosephDituriprobablyreturntothesurface?A.OnMarch1. B.OnMay13. C.OnJune9.D.OnJune19.5.WhydidDr.JosephDituritakepartintheproject?A.Tochallengehislimits. B.Toencouragegoodteamwork.C.Forscientificresearch. D.Forpersonalenthusiasm.6.WhatdidDr.JosephDituriexpectoflivingunderwater?A.It’sbeneficialtohumanhealth. B.Itdoesharmtohumanbody.C.It’saverypainfulexperience. D.It’sthesameaslivingonland.7.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatIsLivingUnderwaterReallyLike?B.CanHumansLiveUnderwaterfor100Days?C.“Dr.DeepSea”InteractswithChildrenUnderwaterD.“Dr.DeepSea”BreaksRecordforLivingUnderwater【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了佛罗里达州大学副教授Dr.JosephDituri完成了一项在海洋表面下生活100天的研究任务，并创下了新的世界纪录。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AnassociateuniversityprofessorinFloridahascompletedhisresearchmissionandsetanewworldrecordintheprocess:living100daysbeneaththeocean’ssurface.(佛罗里达州一位大学副教授完成了他的研究任务，并在此过程中创造了一项新的世界纪录：在海洋表面下生活100天。)”可知，Dr.JosephDituri在海洋表面下生活了100天；再根据文章第二段“OnFridaymorning,Dr.JosephDiturifeltthesun’sraysforthefirsttimesincehebegantheproject22feetbelowthewatersofKeyLargo,Florida,onMarch1.(自3月1日在佛罗里达州KeyLargo水下22英尺处开始这个项目以来，周五早上，JosephDituri博士第一次感受到阳光。)”可知，该项目开始于3月1日。由此可知，100天后，即6月9日，JosephDituri博士回到地面。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Theresearchproject,ProjectNeptune100,wasorganizedbytheKeyLargo-basedMarineResourcesDevelopmentFoundationandfocusedonoceanconservationresearchandstudyinghowhighpressureaffectsthehumanbody.(这项名为“海王星100计划”的研究项目是由总部位于基拉戈的海洋资源开发基金会组织的，重点是海洋保护研究和研究高压对人体的影响。)”以及第六段“Thescientistbegantheprojectwithabeliefthatincreasedpressurecouldhelphumanslivelongerandpreventaging-relateddiseases,thenewsreleasesaid.Diturisaidhehopeshisunderwaterresearchwillbenefitthetreatmentofavarietyofillnesses,includingtraumaticbraininjuries.(新闻发布会上说，这位科学家开始这个项目时相信，增加压力可以帮助人类延长寿命，预防与衰老有关的疾病。Dituri说，他希望他的水下研究将有助于治疗各种疾病，包括创伤性脑损伤。)”可知，Dituri参加这个项目是为了用于科学研究。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Thescientistbegantheprojectwithabeliefthatincreasedpressurecouldhelphumanslivelongerandpreventaging-relateddiseases,thenewsreleasesaid.Diturisaidhehopeshisunderwaterresearchwillbenefitthetreatmentofavarietyofillnesses,includingtraumaticbraininjuries.(新闻发布会上说，这位科学家开始这个项目时相信，增加压力可以帮助人类延长寿命，预防与衰老有关的疾病。Dituri说，他希望他的水下研究将有助于治疗各种疾病，包括创伤性脑损伤。)”可知，Dituri认为增加压力可以帮助人类延长寿命。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“AnassociateuniversityprofessorinFloridahascompletedhisresearchmissionandsetanewworldrecordintheprocess:living100daysbeneaththeocean’ssurface.(佛罗里达州一位大学副教授完成了他的研究任务，并在此过程中创造了一项新的世界纪录：在海洋表面下生活100天。)”、第三段“Dituri,55,abiomedicalengineerwhoteachesattheUniversityofSouthFloridaandcallshimself“Dr.DeepSea”,spentjustoverthreemonthsatthebottomoftheEmeraldLagooninJules’UnderseaLodge,theonlyunderwaterhotelintheUnitedStates.(55岁的Dituri是一名生物医学工程师，在南佛罗里达大学任教，自称“深海博士”。他在美国唯一的水下旅馆——Jules海底旅馆——的翡翠泻湖底部呆了三个多月。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要报道了自称“深海博士”的佛罗里达州大学副教授Dr.JosephDituri完成了一项在海洋表面下生活100天的研究任务，并创下了新的世界纪录。故选D。CThere’sanewtrainpullingintothestationinSanBernardino,asouthernCaliforniacityabout60milesfromLosAngeles.Fromtheoutside,itlookslikeanyothertrains,withthreepassengercarriages,blockywindowsandacolorfulblueappearance.Butinside,it’sunlikeanythingtheregion—orthecountry—hasseenbefore.The$20mZero-EmissionMultipleUnit,knownasZemu,usesahydrogen(氢气，氢)fuelcell(电池)andbatterysystemtopropelthetrainandrunotheronboardelectricalsystems.Theonlybyproductofthefuelcelliswatervapour(蒸汽，水汽),awelcomechangeinanareathatsuffersfromsomeoftheworstairqualityratesinthecountry.ThenewtechnologywillmakeZemuthefirsthydrogen-powered,zero-emissionspassengertraininNorthAmericatomeetFederalRailroadAdministration(FRA)requirementswhenitgoesintoserviceearlynextyear.Aseriesofhydrogen-poweredtrains,builtbytheFrenchmanufacturerAlstom,havebeenoperatinginGermanyandAustriasince2018,butsimilartrainshaveneverruninNorthAmerica.Hydrogenfuelcellscombinehydrogenandoxygenmolecules(分子)togenerateelectricityandproducewatervapourasabyproduct.Inpractice,thefuelcellfunctionsasanonboardgeneratorthatchargesthebatteriesthatturnthewheelsofthetrain,drivingitforwardaswellasrunningelectricalsystems.ThistechnologyinNorthAmericacomesasthegreaterLosAngelesregionpreparesforthe2028Olympics,whichanofficialofthecityhassaidwillbea“no-car”games,andasCaliforniastepsupitseffortstomeet2045carbonneutralitygoals.SanBernardinohaslongsufferedfrompoorairqualitybroughtonbyahighconcentrationofhighways,railyardsandindustrialfacilities.Theprojecthasbeenyearsinthemaking.Adecadeago,motivatedbythepoorairqualityandadesiretoreducethestressonthecounty’sroads,oftencrowdedbytruckstransportinggoodsfromthenearbyportsofLAandLongBeach,SBCTAofficialssetouttofindcleanalternativestotheirexistingtrains.Theylandedonthehydrogenfuel-poweredZemu,andin2019contractedwithSwissrailmanufacturerStadlerInctodeliveronthatmission,saidTimWatkins.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propel”inParagraph1probablymean?A.speedup B.pushforward C.taketheplaceof D.fixup9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheZemutrain?A.Itwillbethefirsthydrogen-poweredpassengertrainintheworld.B.Itgenerateselectricitythroughacombinationofhydrogenandoxygenmolecules.C.Itproducescarbondioxideasabyproduct.D.Itwillgointoserviceinlate2024.10.Whywasthehydrogen-poweredZemuchosenbySBCTAofficials?A.Toprepareforthe2028no-carOlympicsinLosAngeles.B.TomeetCalifornia’s2045carbonneutralitygoals.C.Tofindacleanalternativetoimproveairqualityandtransportation.D.Tobethefirsthydrogen-poweredtraininNorthAmerica.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TodiscussthepoorairqualityinSanBernardino.B.Toexplainhowhydrogenfuelcellsworkintrains.C.TointroducetheZemutrainanditsinnovativetechnology.D.TodiscusstheeffortstomeetcarbonneutralitygoalsinCalifornia.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一款清洁能源列车——氢动力列车即将在美国使用，并介绍了此款列车的研发的原因，存在的意义及其工作原理。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“The$20mZero-EmissionMultipleUnit,knownasZemu,usesahydrogen(氢气，氢)fuelcell(电池)andbatterysystem(这款名为Zemu的零排放多单元（Zero-EmissionMultipleUnit）耗资2000万美元，采用了氢燃料电池和电池系统)”及后文“thetrainandrunotheronboardelectricalsystems(列车和运行其他机载电气系统)”可知，氢动力列车Zemu使用氢燃料来提供动力，帮助它行驶，所以划线词与pushforward（推动）意思相符。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Hydrogenfuelcellscombinehydrogenandoxygenmolecules(分子)togenerateelectricityandproducewatervapourasabyproduct.Inpractice,thefuelcellfunctionsasanonboardgeneratorthatchargesthebatteriesthatturnthewheelsofthetrain,drivingitforwardaswellasrunningelectricalsystems.(氢燃料电池将氢和氧分子结合起来发电，并产生水蒸气作为副产品。在实践中，燃料电池的作用就像车载发电机一样，为驱动车轮转动的电池充电，推动火车前进，同时也为电力系统提供动力)”可知，氢动力列车主要依靠氢燃料电池来提供动力，而氢燃料电池主要是通过将氢和氧分子结合起来发电。所以氢动力列车是靠氢和氧分子结合来发电的。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Adecadeago,motivatedbythepoorairqualityandadesiretoreducethestressonthecounty’sroads,oftencrowdedbytruckstransportinggoodsfromthenearbyportsofLAandLongBeach,SBCTAofficialssetouttofindcleanalternativestotheirexistingtrains.(十年前，由于糟糕的空气质量和减轻该县公路压力的愿望，SBCTA的官员开始寻找清洁的替代品，以替代现有的火车。该县公路常常因从洛杉矶和长滩附近的港口运输货物的卡车而变得拥挤不堪)”可知，圣贝纳迪诺（SBCTA）官员提出研发清洁能源列车Zemu是为了解决城市的环境污染和交通压力的问题。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“ThenewtechnologywillmakeZemuthefirsthydrogen-powered,zero-emissionspassengertraininNorthAmericatomeetFederalRailroadAdministration(FRA)requirementswhenitgoesintoserviceearlynextyear.(这项新技术将使Zemu成为北美首列符合联邦铁路局（FRA）要求的零排放氢动力客运列车)”可知，整篇文章主要是关于一款清洁能源列车——氢动力列车即将在美国使用，并介绍了此款列车的研发的原因，存在的意义及其工作原理的整体介绍。所以整篇文章主要是围绕介绍Zemu列车及其创新技术来展开的。故选C。DAmaninalabcoatbendsunderadimlightwithtighteyeslookingatamicroscope.Timeisshort,thepays-offarehigh,andonlythisscientistcansaveeveryone.Thatkindofromanticizedpictureofsciencewasstandardforalongtime.Butit’sfarfromthetruth.Somescientistssearchforthecausesofsomeobservableeffects,suchasthelinkbetweendestroyedforestsandEarth’stemperatureincrease.Othersmayinvestigatethe“what”ratherthanthe“why”ofthings.Forexample,ecologistsbuildmodelstoestimategraywolfabundanceinMontana,US.It’simpracticaltospotthemallandcountthem.Abundancemodelsarenot100percentaccurate,buttheyofferestimatesthatseemgoodenoughtosetharvestingquotas(限额)andmaintaintheecosystem.Beyondthe“what”andthe“why”,scientistsmayfocusonthe“how”.Forinstance,thelivesofpeoplelivingwithillnessescanbeimprovedbyresearchonhowtorelievesymptoms,evenifthetruecausesoftheirdisordersarelargelyunknowntocurrentmedicine.Peopleoftenthink“realscience”shouldprovidedefinite,completeandperfectanswerstotheirquestions.However,givenvariouslimitationsandtheworld’scomplexity,keepingmultipleperspectivesinplayisoftenthebestwayforscientiststoreachtheirgoalsandsolvetheproblemsathand.Intheworldofscience,healthydisagreementisafeature,notabug.Scienceisasocialprocessinwhichthecommunity’sscrutiny(监督)ensureswehavethebestavailableknowledge.“Bestavailable”doesnotmean“definitive”,butthebestwehaveuntilwefindouthowtoimproveit.Thelonghistoryofatomism(原子论)showshowscienceisaprocessratherthanafastdeliveryofresultssetinstone.AsscientistJeanBaptistePerrinconductedhis1908experimentsthatseeminglysettledalldiscussionregardingatoms,questionsabouttheatom’spropertieswereabouttosparkdecadesofcontroversywiththebirthofquantum(量子)physics.Similardiscussionscontinuetothepresentday.So,realscienceisacollective,imperfectandmay-sidedprocessinwhichscientistscontributemultipleandoftenpartialsolutionstocomplexanddiverseproblems.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthearticle?A.Bydescribingascientificresearchprocess.B.Bytellingascientist’spersonalexperience.C.Bygivinganexampleofscientificfailure.D.Bypresentingacommonmisconception.13.Whatdoparagraphs2-3mainlytalkabout?A.Thechallengesfacedbyscientists.B.Thehistoryofscientificresearch.C.Themethodsscientistsusetoshareresults.D.Thevariousfocusesofscientistsintheirresearch.14.Whatistheauthor’sviewonhealthydisagreementsinscience?A.Theyareessentialforscientificprogress.B.Theycreateconfusionanddelayconclusions.C.Theyindicateproblemsinscientificmethods.D.Theyoftenleadtotherejectionofoldtheories.15.WhydoestheauthormentionJeanBaptistePerrin’sexperimentsandthesubsequentdebate?A.Toshowscienceisacollectionoffacts.B.Toprovescientificknowledgeisalwaysabsolute.C.Toillustratescienceisadynamicandevolvingprocess.D.Toshowscientificconclusioncanbereachedafterdiscussion.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了科学的真实面貌，驳斥了科学浪漫化的刻板印象，并强调科学是一个集体的、不完美的、多面的过程，其中科学家们针对复杂多样的问题提出多种且往往是部分的解决方案。健康的意见分歧是科学进步的重要组成部分，体现了科学的社会性和动态发展特性。【12题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Amaninalabcoatbendsunderadimlightwithtighteyeslookingatamicroscope.Timeisshort,thepays-offarehigh,andonlythisscientistcansaveeveryone.Thatkindofromanticizedpictureofsciencewasstandardforalongtime.Butit’sfarfromthetruth.(一个穿着实验室大褂的男人在昏暗的灯光下弯着腰，紧盯着显微镜。时间很短，回报很高，只有这位科学家能拯救所有人。这种浪漫化的科学图景在很长一段时间内都是标准的。但事实远非如此。)”可知，作者通过呈现一个常见的误解引入这篇文章的主题。故选D。【13题详析】主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“Somescientistssearchforthecausesofsomeobservableeffects,suchasthelinkbetweendestroyedforestsandEarth’stemperatureincrease.Othersmayinvestigatethe“what”ratherthanthe“why”ofthings.(一些科学家寻找一些可观察到的影响的原因，例如森林破坏和地球温度升高之间的联系。其他人可能会调查事情的“是什么”而不是“为什么”。)”、第三段中“Beyondthe“what”andthe“why”,scientistsmayfocusonthe“how”.(除了“是什么”和“为什么”之外，科学家可能会关注“如何”。)”可知，这两段主要讨论了科学家在研究中的不同关注点。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Intheworldofscience,healthydisagreementisafeature,notabug.Scienceisasocialprocessinwhichthecommunity’sscrutiny(监督)ensureswehavethebestavailableknowledge.“Bestavailable”doesnotmean“definitive”,butthebestwehaveuntilwefindouthowtoimproveit.(在科学界，健康的分歧是一种特征，而不是缺陷。科学是一个社会过程，在这个过程中，社会的监督确保我们拥有最好的可用知识。“现有的最佳”并不意味着“确定的”，而是在我们找到改进方法之前我们所拥有的最佳。)”可以推断，作者认为健康的意见分歧对于科学进步是必不可少的。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thelonghistoryofatomism(原子论)showshowscienceisaprocessratherthanafastdeliveryofresultssetinstone.AsscientistJeanBaptistePerrinconductedhis1908experimentsthatseeminglysettledalldiscussionregardingatoms,questionsabouttheatom’spropertieswereabouttosparkdecadesofcontroversywiththebirthofquantum(量子)physics.Similardiscussionscontinuetothepresentday.(原子论的悠久历史表明，科学是一个过程，而不是一成不变的快速交付结果。科学家JeanBaptistePerrin在1908年进行的实验似乎解决了所有关于原子的讨论，但随着量子物理学的诞生，有关原子性质的问题即将引发数十年的争议。类似的讨论一直持续到今天。)”可以推断，作者提及JeanBaptistePerrin的实验和随后的争论是为了说明科学是一个动态的、不断发展的过程。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouthinkstudyinginadifferentcountryissomethingthatsoundsveryexciting?Certainly,itisanewexperience,whichbringstheopportunityofdiscoveringfascinatingthingsandafeelingoffreedom.____16____Youwillexperiencecultureshock.Evidently,atleastfouressentialstagesofculture-shockadjustmentoccur.Thefirststageiscalled"thehoneymoon".Inthisstage,youfeelexcitementaboutlivinginadifferentplace,andeverythingseemstobemarvelous.___17___Eventually,however,thesecondstageofcultureshockappears.Thisisthe"hostilitystage".____18____Youbecometiredofmanythingsaboutthenewculture.Moreover,peopledon'ttreatyoulikeaguestanymore.Everythingthatseemedtobesowonderfulatfirstisnowawful,andeverythingmakesyoufeeldistressedandtired.Thenyoucometothethirdstagecalled"recovery".Youstartfeelingmorepositive,andyoutrytodevelopcomprehensionofeverythingyoudon'tunderstand.Thewholesituationstartstobecomemorefavorable.___19___Thelaststageofcultureshockiscalled"adjustment".____20____Thethingsthatinitiallymadeyoufeeluncomfortableorstrangearenowthingsthatyouunderstand.Nowyoufeelcomfortable;youhaveadjustedtothenewculture.A.Actually,cultureshockissomethingyoucannotavoidwhenstudyinginaforeigncountry.B.Youhavereachedapointwhereyoufeelgoodbecauseyouhavelearnedenoughtounderstandthenewculture.C.Youlikeeverything,andeverybodyseemstobesonicetoyou.D.Yourecoverfromthesymptomsofthefirsttwostages.E.Inspiteoftheseadvantages,however,therearealsosomechallengesyouwillencounter.F.However,whenyouhavecompletelyadjustedtoanewcultureyoucanmorefullyenjoyit.G.Youbegintonoticethatnoteverythingisasgoodasyouhadoriginallythoughtitwas.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.D20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在不同的国家学习是一个新的体验，但也要注意文化冲击。【16题详析】后文Youwillexperiencecultureshock.(你会经历文化冲击。)与E.Inspiteoftheseadvantages,however,therearealsosomechallengesyouwillencounter.(然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战。)承接自然，选项所指的挑战，就是下文提到的文化冲击，故选E项。【17题详析】前文Inthisstage,youfeelexcitementaboutlivinginadifferentplace,andeverythingseemstobemarvelous.(在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙。)与C.Youlikeeverything,andeverybodyseemstobesonicetoyou．(你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好。)承接自然，因为感到兴奋和巧妙，所以对一切都很喜欢，此外excitement和nice,like是关键词，故选C项。【18题详析】后文Youbecometiredofmanythingsaboutthenewculture．(你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦)与G.Youbegintonoticethatnoteverythingisasgoodasyouhadoriginallythoughtitwas．(你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好)承接自然，因为感到厌倦，所以认为一些东西不是当初想象的那样给美好，此外bored和notasgoodas是关键词，故选G项。【19题详析】前文Thewholesituationstartstobecomemorefavorable．(整个形势开始好转)与D.Yourecoverfromthesymptomsofthefirsttwostages．(你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来)承接自然，且选项中的recover和本段的中心句Thenyoucometothethirdstagecalled"recovery".中的recovery是关键词，故选D项。【20题详析】下文Thethingsthatinitiallymadeyoufeeluncomfortableorstrangearenowthingsthatyouunderstand.(那些一开始让你不舒服或者感到奇怪的东西，现在你都理解了)与B.Youhavereachedapointwhereyoufeelgoodbecauseyouhavelearnedenoughtounderstandthenewculture．(你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化)承接自然，understand是关键词，故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。81-year-oldEllieandSandytouredtheworldin80days,provingthatadventuredoesn’thaveanagelimit.Theirfirststopwasa____21____thatchallengesevenmany____22____travelers:theAntarctic(南极洲).“Foralmosttwodays,wewererockingandrollingthroughtheDrakePassage(德雷克海峡).”Elliesaid.Butwhentheysetfootontheground,theywere____23____bythebeautyofglaciers(冰川).Thepairhavevisited18countriesacrosssevencontinents.TheyrodecamelsinEgyptand____24____theNorthernLightsinFinland.Facedwith____25____ininternationaltravel,theybravelycompletedthetrip.Althoughtheyarebothindependent,they____26____eachother’sfeelings.Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethe____27____peoplewhoofferedhelptothem.Thetwo____28____acrucialpieceofadvicewithtravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheiradventure.“Youknow,peopleoftenaskusaboutit.”saidEllie.“Smileisauniversallanguage.Wefounditworked____29____becausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspoken,whilesmilecould_____30_____alllanguages.”Theyalso_____31_____otherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemback.Theyfeltconfidentthatiftheygethurt,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhatthey_____32_____wanted.Sandydescribed81astheperfectageto_____33_____onajourney.“I’mso_____34_____thatIcanenjoymylife.Gettingolderdoesgiveusalittlebitof_____35_____ofmakingdecisions.”shesaid.21.A.location B.direction C.mountain D.country22.A.curious B.foreign C.outgoing D.experienced23.A.determined B.amazed C.frightened D.disappointed24.A.created B.imagined C.observed D.missed25.A.limits B.charges C.opportunities D.challenges26.A.respected B.preferred C.hated D.ignored27.A.foolish B.selfish C.generous D.honest28.A.shared B.searched C.accepted D.followed29.A.impacts B.wonders C.interests D.goods30.A.cover B.contact C.provide D.explore31.A.permitted B.encouraged C.prevented D.refused32.A.hardly B.suddenly C.temporarily D.absolutely33.A.referto B.givein C.setout D.takeover34.A.forgetful B.regretful C.helpful D.thankful35.A.lesson B.wisdom C.duty D.hope【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.A29.B30.A31.B32.D33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了81岁的Ellie和Sandy在80天内环游世界，证明了冒险没有年龄限制。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一站是一个即使是许多有经验的旅行者也会遇到挑战的地方：南极洲。A.

location地理位置；B.

direction方向；C.

mountain山；D.

country国家。根据下文“thatchallengesevenmany______travelers:theAntarctic(南极洲).”可知，此处表示他们的第一站是南极洲这个地方。故选A。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一站是一个即使是许多有经验的旅行者也会遇到挑战的地方：南极洲。A.

curious好奇的；B.

foreign外国的；C.

outgoing外向的；D.

experienced有经验的。根据上文“thatchallengeseven”以及常识可知，南极洲是一个即使是有经验的旅行者也会遇到挑战的地方。故选D。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当他们踏上地面时，他们对冰川的美丽感到惊讶。A.

determined下定决心的；B.

amazed吃惊的；C.

frightened害怕的；D.

disappointed失望的。根据下文“bythebeautyofglaciers(冰川).”可知，此处表示冰川的美丽让他们感到惊讶。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在埃及骑骆驼，在芬兰观察北极光。A.

created创造；B.

imagined想象；C.

observed观察；D.

missed错过。根据下文“theNorthernLightsinFinland”可知，此处表示他们在旅途中的经历，他们在芬兰观察北极光。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对国际旅行的挑战，他们勇敢地完成了这次旅行。A.

limits限制；B.

charges指控；C.

opportunities机会；D.

challenges挑战。根据下文“theybravelycompletedthetrip”可推知，此处表示他们在国际旅行中面临挑战，但仍然勇敢地完成旅行。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们都是独立的，但他们尊重彼此的感情。A.

respected尊重；B.

preferred更喜欢；C.

hated讨厌；D.

ignored忽视。根据上文“Althoughtheyarebothindependent,”以及语境可知，两人相互独立，但仍然会尊重双方的感情。故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们最记得的是那些向他们提供帮助的慷慨的人。A.

foolish愚蠢的；B.

selfish自私的；C.

generous慷慨的；D.

honest诚实的。根据下文“whoofferedhelptothem”可知，此处表示给他们提供帮助的人，即慷慨的人。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人给那些担心冒险中语言障碍的旅行者分享了一条重要的建议。A.

shared分享；B.

searched寻找；C.

accepted接受；D.

followed跟随。根据下文“acrucialpieceofadvicewithtravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheiradventure.”可知，此处表示两人向其他旅行者分享重要的建议。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现它能创造奇迹，因为我们经常意识到英语并不总是被使用，而微笑可以涵盖所有语言。A.

impacts影响；B.

wonders奇迹；C.

interests兴趣；D.

goods好处。根据上文“Smileisauniversallanguage.”以及下文“smilecould_______alllanguages.”可知，此处表示微笑可以作为一种通用语言，可以很有效，能够创造奇迹，故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们发现它能创造奇迹，因为我们经常意识到英语并不总是被使用，而微笑可以涵盖所有语言。A.

cover覆盖；B.

contact接触；C.

provide提供；D.

explore探索。根据上文“Smileisauniversallanguage.”以及“becausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspoken,”可知，微笑作为一种通用语言，可以跨越语言障碍，即覆盖所有语言。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还鼓励其他老年人不要让年龄阻碍他们。A.

permitted允许；B.

encouraged鼓励；C.

prevented阻止；D.

refused拒绝。根据下文“otherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemback.Theyfeltconfidentthatiftheygethurt,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhatthey_______wanted.”可知，此处表示他们鼓励其他老年人去做自己想要做的事情。故选B。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们相信，如果他们受伤了，他们的孩子会很平静，知道他们正在做他们绝对想做的事情。A.

hardly几乎不；B.

suddenly突然；C.

temporarily暂时地；D.

absolutely绝对地。根据下文“wanted”以及语境可知，此处强调老年人在做自己绝对想要做的事情，即使受伤了，他们的孩子们也会很平静。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：桑迪将81岁描述为踏上旅程的完美年龄。A.

refer

to参考；B.

give

in屈服；C.

set

out出发；D.

take

over接管。根据上文“Thepairhavevisited18countriesacrosssevencontinents.”以及下文“onajourney”可知，此处表示开始踏上旅程，set

out

on

a

journey表示“踏上旅程”。故选C。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我能享受生活。A.

forgetful健忘的；B.

regretful遗憾的；C.

helpful有帮助的；D.

thankful感激的。