安徽2024年高考英语真题（含答案）

第第页安徽2024年高考英语真题一、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解HABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.UPCOMINGEVENTSTimeMeetingLocationSunday,Jan.1510:00am—1:00pmBatteryAlexanderTrailheadSunday,Jan.2210:00am—2:30pmStinsonBeachParkingLotSunday,Jan.299:30am—2:30pmCoyoteRidgeTrailhead1．WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．Todiscovermineralresources.B．Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C．Toprotectthelocalecosystem.D．Toconductbiologicalresearch.2．WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5. B．10. C．15. D．18.3．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A．Bringtheirowntools. B．Workeveninbadweather.C．Wearateamuniform. D．Doatleastthreeprojects.阅读理解"Iamnotcrazy,"saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)onarabbit."Iamaheadofmytime."Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelastlaugh.He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing"holistic"medicine-combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,"movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably"afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700."Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,"hesays."Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That'smyjob."4．WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?A．He'sodd. B．He'sstrict. C．He'sbrave. D．He'srude.5．WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A．Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B．Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C．Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D．Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.6．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Stepsofachiropractictreatment.B．Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.C．Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.D．Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.7．WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A．ToproveFarber'spoint. B．Toemphasizeitsimportance.C．Topraiseveterinarians. D．Toadvocateanimalprotection.阅读理解Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften"no".Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled"shallowinghypothesis(假说)".Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"shinethrough"inparagraph2mean?A．Seemunlikelytolast. B．Seemhardtoexplain.C．Becomereadytouse. D．Becomeeasytonotice.9．Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?A．Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B．Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.C．Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D．Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.10．Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A．Theycanholdstudents'attention.B．Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.C．Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D．Theyaremoreinformativethantext.11．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.B．Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.C．Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.D．Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.阅读理解IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect."Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,"saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences."Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?"Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns."Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,"saidDaru.Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?"Quitealot,"Daruexplained."Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage."12．Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A．Theyarebecomingoutdated.B．Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.C．Theyarelimitedinnumber.D．Theyareusedforpublicexhibition.13．WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfocuson?A．Threatenedspecies. B．Physicalspecimens.C．Observationaldata. D．Mobileapplications.14．Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A．Mistakesindataanalysis.B．Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.C．Improperwayofsampling.D．Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.15．WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A．Reviewdatafromcertainareas.B．Hireexpertstochecktherecords.C．Confirmtheidentityoftheusers.D．Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.二、阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).16．NoeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectlyIkeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典)Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.17．Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.18．Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.19．However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755."Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".20．Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A.Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B.IttakesnoaccountofthecontextC.ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethemD.Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G.Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.三、第三部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend21．amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning22．,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas23．fora"super,"referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest,I24．it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy25．seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly26．I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI27．cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I28．ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I29．herbikeandwentforaride.The30．:TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I'dneverfacedsuch31．.Thatday,Igot32．byabout100"local"bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas33．.I've34．alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever35．Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.21．A．knew B．held C．won D．quit22．A．regularly B．silently C．proudly D．recently23．A．asking B．looking C．waiting D．training24．A．made B．believed C．hated D．deserved25．A．advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence26．A．way B．risk C．place D．reason27．A．gaveup B．wenton C．turnedto D．dealtwith28．A．heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved29．A．painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked30．A．problem B．secret C．principle D．advice31．A．dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges32．A．passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped33．A．reliable B．convenient C．familiar D．appealing34．A．traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried35．A．limits B．dates C．goals D．tests四、阅读理解，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HeatherwickStudiorecentlybuiltagreenhouseattheedgeoftheNationalTrust'sWoolbedingGardens.Thisbeautifulstructure,namedGlasshouse,isatthecentreofanewgardenthatshowshowtheSilkRoadinfluencesEnglishgardenseveninmoderntimes.Thelatest36．(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective37．(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful.Thedesignfeaturestensteel"sepals(萼片)"madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays38．(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Incoldweather,thestructurestays39．(close)toprotecttheplants.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse40．(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor41．firsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern42．(favourite)suchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.TheGlasshousestands43．agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute44．broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchofthe45．(rich)ofgardeninginEngland.五、第四部分，写作，第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：（1）你完成的作品；（2）你的感想。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearChris,I'mwritingtosharewithyouanartclassIhadinaparklastFriday.……Yours,LiHua六、第四部分，写作，第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ImetGunteronacold,wetandunforgettableeveninginSeptember.IhadplannedtoflytoViennaandtakeabustoPragueforaconference.Duetoabigstorm,myflighthadbeendelayedbyanhourandahalf.ItoucheddowninViennajust30minutesbeforethedepartureofthelastbustoPrague.ThemomentIgotofftheplane,Iranlikecrazythroughtheairportbuildingandjumpedintothefirsttaxiontherankwithoutasecondthought.ThatwaswhenImetGunter.ItoldhimwhereIwasgoing,buthesaidhehadn'theardofthebusstation.Ithoughtmypronunciationwastheproblem,soIexplainedagainmoreslowly,buthestilllookedconfused.WhenIwasabouttogiveup,Gunterfishedouthislittlephoneandrangupafriend.Afteraheateddiscussionthatlastedforwhatseemedlikeacentury,Gunterputhisphonedownandstartedthecar.Finallywithjusttwominutestosparewerolledintothebusstation.Thankfully,therewasalongqueue(队列)stillwaitingtoboardthebus.Gunterparkedthetaxibehindthebus,turnedaround,andlookedatmewithabigsmileonhisface."Wemadeit,"hesaid.JustthenIrealisedthatIhadzerocashinmywallet.IflashedhimanapologeticsmileasIpulledoutmyPortuguesebankcard.Hetrieditseveraltimes,butthecardmachinejustdidnotplayalong.AfeelingofhelplessnesswashedovermeasIsawthebusqueuethinningout.Atthismoment,Gunterpointedtowardsthewaitinghallofthebusstation.There,attheentrance,wasacashmachine.Ijumpedoutofthecar,madeamadrunforthemachine,andpoppedmycardin,onlytoreadthemessage:"Outoforder.Sorry."注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。IranbacktoGunterandtoldhimthebadnews.……Fourdayslater,whenIwasbackinVienna,IcalledGunteraspromised.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了栖息地修复团队，该团队旨在通过清除入侵植物、冬季种植和种子采集等活动，修复和保护马林县的自然区域。文章还提供了团队安排、年龄要求、必要准备以及即将举行的志愿者活动信息。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据第一段"HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys."帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的"Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome."欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者。可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的"We'llbeworkingrainorshine."我们将风雨无阻地工作。可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B。【答案】4．A5．C6．D7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国兽医WilliamFarber博士，他采用整体医学方法，将传统西医治疗与针灸、按摩疗法和草药医学等替代疗法相结合。尽管同事们起初对此表示怀疑，但他在治疗动物方面的成功（如缓解一只狗的心脏病症状、改善一匹马的行动能力）证明了这种方法的有效性。Farber相信整体医学将越来越受欢迎，美国整体兽医医学协会自1982年以来的迅速增长也支持了这一观点。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods."如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets."然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。6．段落大意题。根据第三段中的"LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,"movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably"afterachiropracticadjustment."LeighTindale的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。Tindale说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。PriscillaDewing报告说，她的Nappy经过脊椎按摩调整后，"行动更容易，乘车更舒服"。可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700."Farber确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。可知，Farber认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，可推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明Farber的观点。故选A。【答案】8．D9．A10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了纸质阅读与屏幕阅读、书面文字阅读与音频视频内容消费在理解和学习效果上的差异。研究表明，纸质阅读通常能带来更好的学习效果，尤其是在处理复杂任务时，这既与纸质媒介的物理特性有关，也与心理因素有关。尽管数字媒介和多媒体具有教育价值，但对于需要深度思考和反思的任务，它们的效果并不等同，因此教育者不应将所有媒介形式视为可互换的。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．词义猜测题。根据上文"Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding."当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现。可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及空后"whenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext."当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时。可推知，此处应是表达"当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见"之意，所以划线词shinethrough应是"显而易见"之意，故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第四段"Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled‘shallowinghypothesis(假说)'.Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint."但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为"shallowinghypothesis"的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少。可知，shallowinghypothesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson."音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章。可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords."数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C。【答案】12．B13．C14．C15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，斯坦福大学的一项研究发现尽管通过应用程序收集的数字生物多样性记录（如照片、视频）数量已超过实物标本，但这些记录在地域、时间和物种吸引力方面存在偏差，限制了其在反映全球生物多样性模式方面的准确性。尽管存在这些缺陷，研究仍认为这类数据仍有价值，前提是生物多样性应用程序能引导用户前往记录不足的地区，并鼓励专家对用户上传的物种图像进行验证，以提高数据质量。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords."今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?"这些观察结果现在超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗?；以及第四段"‘Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,'saidDaru."Daru说"我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。"可知，Daru的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据。故选C。14．细节理解题。根据第四段"‘Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,'saidDaru."Daru说"我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。"；以及第五段中的"Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby."这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage."生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份。可知，Daru建议生物多样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导。故选D。【答案】16．F；17．B；18．E；19．A；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，本文主要内容为：虽然并非所有伟大的作家都是优秀的拼写者，但想要出版作品，提交一份完美、专业呈现的稿件至关重要。作者强调了校对和参考书籍的重要性，并分享了个人使用纸质字典和同义词词典的偏好。字典不仅用于拼写，还能提供精确的定义、发音、词源和用法示例，阅读字典也是一种愉悦的体验。

A.我不经常用这本字典。

B.它不考虑上下文

C.但我还是不想换

D.但是字典读起来是一种乐趣。

E.当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。

F.这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。

G.字典并不总是能给你足够的信息。

【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。16．选项F"Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误"补充说明了空格前句"Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的"中的"aperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript"是"goodgrammarandnospellingmistakes语法正确，没有拼写错误的"，故选F。17．根据空个前句"Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器"，结合选项，可知空格处应是给出了不信任电脑上的拼写检查器的原因，所以选项B"Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext它不考虑上下文"衔接上文，符合题意要求，故选B。18．选项E"Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的"引出了空格后句"Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来"，说明了词典的作用，使下文意思紧密衔接，故选E。19．根据空格后句"However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了"，可知空格处应是说自己不常用ShorterOxfordDictionary这本词典，这与选项A"Idon'toftenusethisdictionary我不经常用这本字典"意思相同，并且选项A引出了后句中对这本词典的使用方法的介绍，故选A。20．根据空格后句"Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验"，结合选项，可知选项D"Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread但是字典读起来是一种乐趣"与后句紧密连接，意思一致，故选D。【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．B；30．A；31