十八　选择性必修 第一册　Unit 2　Lo o king into the Future

十八选择性必修第一册Unit2

LookingintotheFuture(20分钟20分)阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)A(2025·八省联考)

JaneJacobsspentherworkinglifeadvancingadistinctvisionofthecity—inparticularfocusingonwhatmakesasuccessfulurbancommunity.Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindense(稠密)andexcitingurbanenvironments.Sheprefersdisordertoorder,walkingtodriving,anddiversitytouniformity.

ForJacobs,urbancommunitiesareorganicbeingsthatshouldbelefttogrowandchangebythemselvesandnotbesubjecttothegrandplansofso-calledexpertsandofficials.Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.Jacobsarguesthaturbancommunitiesarebestplacedtounderstandhowtheircityfunctions,becausecitylifeiscreatedandsustainedthroughtheirvariousinteractions.

Jacobsnotesthatthebuiltformofacityiscrucialtothelifeofanurbancommunity,especiallythesidewalks.Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.

Diversityandmixed-useofspacearealso,forJacobs,keyelementsofthisurbanform.Thecommercial,business,andresidentialelementsofacityshouldnotbeseparatedoutbutinsteadbesidebyside,toallowforgreaterintegrationofpeople.Thereshouldalsobeadiversityofoldandnewbuildings,andpeople’sinteractionsshoulddeterminehowbuildingsgetusedandreused.

Finally,urbancommunitiesgrowbetterinplaceswhereacriticalmassofpeoplelive,work,andinteract.Suchhigh-densityspacesare,shefeels,enginesofcreativityandvitality.Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore“eyesonthestreet”:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.【文章大意】文章主要介绍了简·雅各布斯(JaneJacobs)对于成功城市社区的独特见解,包括人们之间的互动、城市发展的决策者、人行道的建设以及街道上的“眼睛”带来的安全感。1.WhatdoesJacobsfindmostimportantforasuccessfulurbancommunity?A.Efficientpublictransport.

B.Stronginteractionbetweenpeople.C.Uniformstyleofbuildings.

D.Acomparativelylargepopulation.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindenseandexcitingurbanenvironments.(她构想的核心在于城市生活应当充满活力且丰富多彩,由此人们能够在密集且令人兴奋的城市环境中相互交流。)”可知,Jacobs认为对于一个成功的城市社区来说,人与人之间的强烈互动是最重要的。故选B项。2.WhodoesJacobsthinkshouldmakedecisionsonurbandevelopment?A.Localresidents.

B.Governmentofficials.C.Cityplanners.

D.Constructionworkers.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ForJacobs(对于Jacobs来说)”以及“Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.(一个城市应该是什么样子,应该如何发展,最好的评判者是当地居民自己。)”可知,Jacobs认为对城市发展做出决定的应该是当地居民。故选A项。3.HowdoesJacobssuggestsidewalksbebuilt?A.Linedwithplants.B.Paintedwithclearsigns.C.Tightlyconnected.D.Convenientfortheold.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.(人们居住的街道应当是纵横交错、紧密相连的人行道,这样的人行道才便于人们相互接触、交谈和了解。这样一系列复杂但最终丰富了个人经历的相遇,有助于人们更好地了解自己的邻居和社区。)”可知,Jacobs建议人行道应紧密相连,方便人们交流和互动。故选C项。4.AccordingtoJacobs,the“eyesonthestreet”bringasenseof______.

A.pride

B.comfortC.security D.urgency【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore‘eyesonthestreet’:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.(它们也是安全的地方,因为人口密度高意味着有更多“街头的眼睛”:店主和当地人熟悉自己的区域,并密切留意着社区的情况。)”可知,Jacobs认为,“eyesonthestreet”指社区中的居民和商店主人对街区的观察和维护,这种密切的关注让社区更安全,从而给人带来一种安全的感觉。故选C项。B(2025·新题预测)

OnMay29,ICRA2023(theInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomation)washeldinLondon,UK,whichisthelargestandmostinfluentialinternationalacademicconferenceinthefieldofroboticsorganizedbytheInternationalInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering.UnitreeRobotics,aleaderinthefoot-basedroboticsindustry,wasinvitedtoparticipateinthisinternationaleventtoshowcasetheinnovativepowerofChinesetechnologycompaniestotheworld.

AtICRA2023,UnitreeRoboticsofficiallylaunchedtheUnitreeB-Wwheeledrobot,whichnotonlyattractedalargenumberofvisitorstostopbyandtakephotos,butalsoaddedfreshcolorstoICRA2023.Severaltoproboticscompaniesaroundtheworldparticipatedintheshowcase.InadditiontoUnitreeRobotics,sevenotherexhibitorsbroughtUnitreeRoboticsquadruped(四足的)robotstoICRA,highlightingUnitreeRobotics’leadingpositioninroboticstechnologyandstrongleadershipinthefield.

ICRA2023hostedanumberofroboticschallengesonsite,andtheQuadrupedRoboticsChallenge(QRC)wasthefirstofaseriesofchallenges,coveringarangeofeventsfromQuadrupedRoboticsRemoteControlRacetoAutonomousCrossingofChallengingTerrain,andUnitreeRoboticsbecametheexclusive(独家的)sponsorofQuadrupedRoboticsinGreaterChinawithitsoutstandingtechnologicalstrength.Inaddition,thecompetitionalsoattractedmanyworld-renowneduniversitiesandresearchinstitutions.UnitreeRoboticsprovidedtechnicalsupportandservicesfortheparticipatingteams,contributingactivelytothedevelopmentoftheroboticsfield.

Robotshavelongsinceturnedfromfantasyinsciencefictionmoviesintorealityandhavepermeatedallwalksoflife,andintelligentrobotswillaccompanypeople’slivesinthefuture,followingthemlikeashadowandbeingeverywhere.UnitreeRoboticshasbeeninvitedtoparticipateinICRAforsevenyears,andeveryyear,UnitreeRoboticswillcontinuetoputtechnologicalinnovationfirstastheleaderofthefoot-basedroboticsindustryinChina,andwillcontinuetomakebreakthroughsanddevelopcontinuouslytoleadtheglobalfoot-basedroboticsindustrytonewheights.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。中国宇树科技公司制作的四足机器人在伦敦参展并受到关注。5.WhatdidUnitreeRoboticsshowtotheworldinICRA2023?A.Itsprofitability.

B.Itsglobalinfluence.C.Itsinnovativepower.D.Itspursuitoftechnology.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中“UnitreeRobotics,aleaderinthefoot-basedroboticsindustry,wasinvitedtoparticipateinthisinternationaleventtoshowcasetheinnovativepowerofChinesetechnologycompaniestotheworld.”可知,宇树科技公司的机器人参展向世界展示了中国科技公司的创新力量。故选C。6.WhatcanweinferaboutUnitreeB-Wwheeledrobot?A.Itcouldtakephotosforvisitors.B.ItwasthehighlightofICRA2023.C.Itlookedexactlylikearealperson.D.Itwasdevelopedbyseveralcompanies.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中“attractedalargenumberofvisitorstostopbyandtakephotos,butalsoaddedfreshcolorstoICRA2023”可推知,这款机器人成