2026年研究生入学考试英语一考试真题及答案

2026年研究生入学考试英语一考试真题及答案SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theconceptof"digitaldetox"hasgainedconsiderabletractioninrecentyears,emergingasanecessaryresponsetoourhyper-connectedexistence.Whiletechnologyhasundeniably__1__efficiencyandconvenience,ithasalsointroducedacomplexsetofchallengesregardingourmentalwell-being.Theconstantbarrageofnotifications,emails,andsocialmediaupdatescanleadtoastateof__2__anxiety,oftenreferredtoas"technostress."Thisphenomenonisnotmerelya__3__issuebutisincreasinglyrecognizedbymedicalprofessionalsasalegitimatehealthconcern.Studieshaveshownthatexcessivescreentime,particularlybeforebed,cansignificantly__4__sleeppatterns.Thebluelightemittedbydevicessuppressesmelatonin,thehormoneresponsibleforregulatingsleep-wakecycles.Consequently,individualswhofindthemselves__5__totheirscreenslateintothenightoftenexperienceinsomniaorpoorsleepquality.Thislackofrestorativesleepcreatesa__6__cycle,asfatigueoftenleadstodecreasedproductivityandagreaterrelianceonstimulantslikecaffeine,further__7__thebody’snaturalrhythm.Moreover,theimpactofdigitaloverloadextendsbeyondphysicalhealth;itdeeplyaffectsoursocial__8__.Paradoxically,whilesocialmediapromisestoconnectus,itcanfosterfeelingsofisolationandinadequacy.Curatedonlineprofilesoftenpresentan__9__reality,leadinguserstocomparetheirbehind-the-scenesliveswithothers'highlightreels.Thiscomparisoncanerodeself-esteemand__10__asenseofdissatisfactionwithone'sownlife.Tocombattheseadverseeffects,expertsrecommendimplementing__11__boundaries.Thismightinvolvedesignated"tech-freezones"inthehomeorspecifictimesofthedaywhendevicesareputaway.Engaginginofflineactivities,suchasreading,exercising,orspendingface-to-facetimewithlovedones,canhelp__12__themindandrestoreasenseofbalance.Thegoalisnotto__13__technologyentirelybuttocultivateamoremindfulandintentionalrelationshipwithit.Ultimately,reclaimingourattentioninthedigitalageisacrucial__14__formaintainingmentalhealth.Byrecognizingthesignsofdigitaloverloadandtakingproactivestepstomitigatethem,wecanensurethattechnologyservesasatoolforempowermentratherthanasourceof__15__.1.[A]simplified[B]augmented[C]minimized[D]stabilized2.[A]perpetual[B]temporary[C]acute[D]negligible3.[A]neurological[B]physiological[C]psychological[D]chronological4.[A]regulate[B]disrupt[C]monitor[D]enhance5.[A]glued[B]opposed[C]indifferent[D]resistant6.[A]virtuous[B]vicious[C]circular[D]linear7.[A]synchronizing[B]repairing[C]disrupting[D]ignoring8.[A]interactions[B]structures[C]hierarchies[D]stratifications9.[A]understated[B]idealized[C]realistic[D]objective10.[A]alleviate[B]mask[C]cultivate[D]trigger11.[A]rigid[B]flexible[C]blurred[D]digital12.[A]clutter[B]burden[C]refresh[D]exhaust13.[A]embrace[B]shun[C]upgrade[D]monopolize14.[A]luxury[B]option[C]endeavor[D]inevitability15.[A]enlightenment[B]enrichment[C]entertainment[D]enslavementSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theriseofthe"gigeconomy"hasfundamentallyreshapedthelandscapeofworkinthe21stcentury.Characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs,thismodeloffersunparalleledflexibilityforworkersandcost-efficiencyforbusinesses.However,beneaththeveneerofautonomyliesaprecariousrealityformanylaborers.Proponentsarguethatthegigeconomyliberatesworkersfromtherigidityofthe9-to-5grind,allowingthemtobetheirownbosses.PlatformslikeUber,Airbnb,andUpworkhavedemocratizedaccesstoincomestreams,enablingindividualstomonetizetheirassetsandskillsondemand.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealingtostudents,caregivers,andthoseseekingsupplementaryincome.Yet,thisshiftcomesatasignificantcost.Theclassificationofworkersas"independentcontractors"ratherthanemployeesallowscompaniestosidestepobligationssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementbenefits.Consequently,asubstantialportionoftheworkforcelacksasafetynet.Furthermore,thealgorithmicmanagementemployedbytheseplatformsoftencreateshigh-pressureenvironments.Drivers,forinstance,maybepenalizedfordecliningrides,forcingthemtoworklonghourstomaintaintheirratings.Thelackofcollectivebargainingpowerfurtherexacerbatesthevulnerabilityofgigworkers.Traditionallaborunions,designedfortheindustrialage,struggletoorganizeadispersedandfluidworkforce.Withouttheabilitytonegotiateforbetterwagesandconditions,gigworkersareoftenatthemercyofmarketfluctuationsandopaqueplatformpolicies.Governmentsworldwidearebeginningtograpplewiththesechallenges.Legislativeeffortsareunderwayinvariousjurisdictionstoreclassifygigworkers,grantingthembasiclaborprotections.However,thesemeasuresfacefierceresistancefromtechgiants,whoarguethatincreasedregulationwillstifleinnovationandincreasecostsforconsumers.Thefutureofthegigeconomyhingesonfindingabalancebetweenflexibilityandsecurity.Asthissectorcontinuestoexpand,itisimperativethatregulatoryframeworksevolvetoprotecttherightsofworkerswhilepreservingthedynamismthatdefinesthisneweconomicparadigm.16.The"gigeconomy"isprimarilycharacterizedby:[A]Long-termemploymentcontracts.[B]Strictworkingschedules.[C]Short-termandfreelancework.[D]Government-sponsoredjobprograms.17.Accordingtothetext,oneofthemainadvantagesofthegigeconomyis:[A]Guaranteedhealthbenefits.[B]Highjobsecurity.[C]Flexibilityforworkers.[D]Strongunionrepresentation.18.Theword"precarious"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto:[A]Stable.[B]Lucrative.[C]Uncertainorrisky.[D]Promising.19.Whichofthefollowingisadisadvantagementionedforgigworkers?[A]Theyhavetoomuchpaidleave.[B]Theylacktraditionalemployeebenefits.[C]Theycannotchoosetheirworkinghours.[D]Theyareforcedtojoinlaborunions.20.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthegigeconomycanbedescribedas:[A]Optimisticwithoutreservations.[B]Criticalanddismissive.[C]Cautiousandcallingforbalance.[D]Indifferentandunconcerned.Text2Intherealmofastrophysics,thediscoveryofexoplanets—planetsorbitingstarsoutsideoursolarsystem—hasrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthecosmos.Forcenturies,humanitywonderedifwewerealoneintheuniverse.Theconfirmationthatplanetsarecommoninourgalaxyhasbroughtusclosertoansweringthatprofoundquestion.Thefirstconfirmeddetectionofanexoplanetorbitingamain-sequencestaroccurredin1995.Sincethen,thousandsofexoplanetshavebeenidentified,rangingfromgasgiantslargerthanJupitertorocky,Earth-sizedworlds.TheKeplerSpaceTelescope,launchedbyNASAin2009,playedapivotalroleinthisexplosionofdata.Byobservingthefaintdimmingofastar'slightwhenaplanetpassesinfrontofit—atechniqueknownasthetransitmethod—Keplerhasuncoveredadiversearrayofplanetarysystems.Ofparticularinteresttoscientistsare"Goldilocks"planets:worldslocatedinthehabitablezoneoftheirhoststar,whereconditionsmightbejustrightforliquidwatertoexistonthesurface.Liquidwaterisconsideredaprerequisiteforlifeasweknowit.ThediscoveryofProximaCentaurib,anEarth-likeplanetorbitingourneareststellarneighbor,hasfueledexcitementaboutthepotentialforinterstellarexploration.However,detectinganexoplanetisonlythefirststep.Characterizingitsatmosphereiscrucialtodeterminingitshabitability.TheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST),withitsadvancedinfraredcapabilities,isdesignedtoanalyzethechemicalcompositionofexoplanetatmospheres.Bylookingforbiosignatures—gaseslikeoxygen,methane,orozonethatcouldbeproducedbybiologicalprocesses—astronomershopetofindevidenceoflifebeyondEarth.Thesearchforextraterrestrialintelligence(SETI)complementstheseefforts.Whileastronomersscanforbiologicalindicators,SETIresearcherslistenfortechnologicalsignals,suchasradiotransmissions.Thevastnessofspacepresentsaformidablechallenge,asanysignalwouldhavetotravelimmensedistancestoreachus.Despitethetechnicalhurdles,thequesttofindlifeelsewherecontinuestoinspire.Itforcesustoconfrontourplaceintheuniverseandredefinestheboundariesofpossibility.Whetherwefindmicrobiallifeonadistantmoonoracivilizationaroundafar-offstar,theimplicationsforscience,philosophy,andhumanityitselfwouldbemonumental.21.The"transitmethod"mentionedinParagraph2involves:[A]Measuringthewobbleofastarcausedbyaplanet'sgravity.[B]Observingthedimmingofastar'slightasaplanetpassesby.[C]Directlyimagingtheplanetusingpowerfulcameras.[D]Analyzingthespectrumoflightreflectedbytheplanet.22.Whatmakes"Goldilocks"planetssignificant?[A]Theyaremadeentirelyofgold.[B]Theyaretheeasiesttodetect.[C]Theyarelocatedinthehabitablezonewhereliquidwatercouldexist.[D]Theyarethelargestplanetsintheirrespectivesystems.23.TheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)isprimarilyusedto:[A]Findnewplanetsusingthetransitmethod.[B]Traveltoexoplanetstocollectsamples.[C]Analyzethechemicalcompositionofexoplanetatmospheres.[D]Listenforradiotransmissionsfromaliens.24.Accordingtothetext,thesearchforextraterrestriallifeisimportantbecauseit:[A]Guaranteeswewillfindanewhomeforhumans.[B]Helpsusunderstandourplaceintheuniverse.[C]ProvesthattheEarthisthecenterofthecosmos.[D]Isprimarilyamilitaryendeavor.25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythetext?[A]Noexoplanetshavebeenfoundyet.[B]Keplerwasthefirsttelescopetofindanexoplanet.[C]Onlygasgiantsexistoutsideoursolarsystem.[D]Thediscoveryofexoplanetshaschangedourcosmicperspective.Text3Theconceptof"culturalappropriation"hassparkedintensedebateinacademiccirclesandthemedia.Atitscore,culturalappropriationreferstotheadoptionofelementsfromoneculturebymembersofanotherculture,typicallyadominantculture,withoutunderstanding,respect,oracknowledgment.Thisisdistinctfromculturalexchange,whichimpliesamutualandreciprocalsharing.Criticsofculturalappropriationarguethatitisaformofcolonialisminamodernguise.Whenmembersofadominantgrouptakesacredsymbols,traditionalattire,orintellectualpropertyfrommarginalizedgroups,theyoftenstriptheseelementsoftheiroriginalmeaning.Thiscanleadtothetrivializationofprofoundculturalpracticesandcontributetotheerasureofthesourceculture'shistoryandidentity.Forinstance,wearingNativeAmericanheaddressesasfashionaccessoriesatmusicfestivalshasbeenwidelycondemnedasdisrespectful,giventhespiritualsignificancetheseitemsholdforIndigenouscommunities.Furthermore,theeconomicdimensioncannotbeignored.Often,thedominantcultureprofitsfromtheappropriatedelements,whiletheoriginatingcommunityremainsimpoverished.Fashionhouseshavebeenaccusedofcopyingpatternsanddesignsfromindigenousartisanswithoutcompensationorcredit.Thisdynamicreinforcesexistingpowerimbalancesandperpetuatesinequality.However,thelinebetweenappropriationandappreciationisoftenblurred.Somearguethatinaglobalizedworld,culturesinevitablyinfluenceoneanother,andthatstrictboundariesareimpossibletoenforce.Theycontendthatborrowingelementscanbeaformofflatteryandawaytocelebratediversity.Thekey,proponentsofthisviewsuggest,liesinintentandcontext.Iftheborrowingisdonewithrespect,understanding,andanefforttocreditthesource,itmaybeacceptable.Navigatingthiscomplexterrainrequiressensitivityandeducation.Itinvolveslisteningtothevoicesofthosefromtheculturesbeingborrowedfromandacknowledgingthehistoricalcontextofpowerrelations.Associetybecomesincreasinglymulticultural,theabilitytoengagewithotherculturesrespectfullyisavitalskill.Ultimately,thediscourseonculturalappropriationisaboutpowerandrespect.Itchallengesustoconsiderwhohastherighttorepresentwhomandwhobenefitsfromculturalrepresentation.Byfosteringaclimateofmutualrespect,wecanmovetowardsamoreinclusiveandequitablesociety.26.Accordingtothetext,culturalappropriationisproblematicbecauseitoften:[A]Leadstoamutualsharingofideas.[B]Involvesadominantgrouptakingfromamarginalizedgroupwithoutrespect.[C]Isstrictlyprohibitedbyinternationallaw.[D]Onlyhappenswithinthesameculture.27.TheexampleofNativeAmericanheaddressesisusedtoillustrate:[A]Howfashiontrendscanboosttourism.[B]Theeconomicbenefitsofculturalsharing.[C]Thestrippingofsacredmeaningfromculturalitems.[D]Thedifficultyofmanufacturingtraditionalattire.28.Whatistheeconomicargumentagainstculturalappropriationmentionedinthetext?[A]Itmakesculturalitemstooexpensive.[B]Thedominantcultureoftenprofitswhilethesourcecommunitydoesnot.[C]Itdestroystheglobalfashionindustry.[D]Itpreventsindigenouscommunitiesfromsellingtheirgoods.29.Howdoesthetextdistinguishbetweenappropriationandappreciation?[A]Appreciationinvolvesmutualrespectandcredit;appropriationdoesnot.[B]Appreciationisillegal;appropriationislegal.[C]Appreciationonlyhappensinacademia.[D]Thereisonlyalinguisticdifference.30.Themainpurposeofthistextisto:[A]Encouragepeopletoignoreculturalboundaries.[B]Explainthenuancesandcriticismsofculturalappropriation.[C]Defendtherightoffashionhousestouseanydesign.[D]Criticizeindigenouscommunitiesforbeingtoosensitive.Text4Urbanizationisoneofthedefiningtrendsofthemodernera.Aspopulationsflocktocitiesinsearchofbettereconomicopportunities,urbancentersareexpandingatanunprecedentedrate.Whilecitiesareenginesofgrowthandinnovation,rapidurbanizationalsopresentssignificantchallenges,particularlyintherealmofinfrastructureandsustainability.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthestrainontransportationsystems.Congestionnotonlywastestimebutalsocontributestoairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissions.Traditionalmodelsofurbanplanning,centeredaroundprivatecarownership,areprovingunsustainable.Toaddressthis,manycitiesareturningtosmartmobilitysolutions.Thisincludestheexpansionofpublictransitnetworks,thecreationofbikelanes,andtheintegrationofelectricvehicles.Anothercriticalchallengeishousing.Thedemandforaffordablehousingincitiesoftenoutstripssupply,leadingtoskyrocketingrentsandthegrowthofinformalsettlements.Gentrification,theprocessofwealthierindividualsmovingintodeterioratingneighborhoods,oftendisplaceslong-term,lower-incomeresidents.Thiscanleadtosocialfragmentationandthelossofcommunitycohesion.Urbanplannersmustprioritizeinclusivehousingpoliciestoensurethatcitiesremainlivableforallincomelevels.Environmentalsustainabilityisalsoamajorconcern.Theconcentrationofconcreteandasphaltcreates"urbanheatislands,"leadingtohighertemperaturesthaninsurroundingruralareas.Thisexacerbatesenergyconsumptionforcooling.Tomitigatethis,citiesareadopting"greeninfrastructure,"suchasparks,greenroofs,andverticalgardens.Thesefeaturesnotonlycoolthecitybutalsoimproveairqualityandmanagestormwaterrunoff.Theconceptofthe"smartcity"leveragestechnologytoaddressthesechallenges.Byusingsensorsanddataanalytics,citymanagerscanoptimizetrafficflow,manageenergyuse,andimprovewastemanagement.However,therelianceontechnologyraisesquestionsaboutprivacyandsurveillance.Atrulysmartcitymustbalanceefficiencywithcivilliberties.Inconclusion,thefutureofurbanlivingdependsonourabilitytoreimaginethecity.Byprioritizingsustainability,inclusivity,andinnovation,wecancreateurbanenvironmentsthatarenotonlyeconomicallyvibrantbutalsohealthyandequitableplacestolive.31.Accordingtothetext,rapidurbanizationhasledto:[A]Adecreaseineconomicopportunities.[B]Challengesininfrastructureandsustainability.[C]Theabandonmentofruralareasentirely.[D]Theimmediatesolutionofallsocialproblems.32.Thetextsuggeststhattraditionalurbanplanningbasedonprivatecarsis:[A]Highlyefficientandsustainable.[B]Theonlyviableoptionforgrowth.[C]Provingtobeunsustainable.[D]Necessaryforthecreationofbikelanes.33.Whatisthesocialimpactofgentrificationmentionedinthetext?[A]Itincreasesaffordablehousingoptions.[B]Itdisplaceslower-incomeresidents.[C]Itstrengthenscommunitycohesion.[D]Itreducesthedemandforhousing.34."Greeninfrastructure"isusedto:[A]Increasetheuseofconcrete.[B]Createmoreheatislands.[C]Coolthecityandimproveairquality.[D]Monitorcitizenactivitythroughsensors.35.Theauthorconcludesthatasuccessfulcityofthefuturemustbe:[A]Focusedentirelyontechnology.[B]Exclusivetowealthyindividuals.[C]Sustainable,inclusive,andinnovative.[D]Modeledstrictlyafterruralareas.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions36-40,choosethemostsuitablesentencefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenajourneyofbreakthroughsandsetbacks,mirroringthehighsandlowsofatechnologicalrollercoaster.Fromitsearlyconceptualizationtothesophisticatedsystemsweseetoday,AIhasevolvedfromanicheacademicdisciplineintoaglobalforcedrivinginnovationacrossindustries.36.____________.EarlypioneerslikeAlanTuringlaidthetheoreticalgroundworkinthemid-20thcentury,posingthefamousquestion,"Canmachinesthink?"Thisperiodwascharacterizedbyoptimismandthebeliefthathuman-levelintelligencewasjustaroundthecorner.ResearchersfocusedonsymbolicAI,attemptingtoprogramexplicitrulesforlogicandreasoning.However,progresssoonstalled.Thecomplexityofthehumanbrainprovedfarmoredifficulttoreplicatethaninitiallyanticipated.37.____________.Fundingdriedup,andthefieldenteredthefirstofseveral"AIwinters,"periodswhereinterestandinvestmentwanedsignificantlyduetounmetexpectations.TheresurgenceofAIinthelate20thcenturywasfueledbytwokeyfactors:theavailabilityofmassiveamountsofdataandtheexponentialgrowthincomputingpower.38.____________.UnlikesymbolicAI,machinelearningallowscomputerstolearnfromdatawithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammedforeveryrule.Thisshiftinparadigmenabledpracticalapplicationslikespeechrecognitionandimageclassification.Today,wearewitnessingtheriseofdeeplearning,asubsetofmachinelearninginspiredbythestructureofthehumanneuralnetwork.39.____________.Thesenetworks,consistingoflayersofartificialneurons,canprocessvastamountsofinformationtoidentifypatternsthatareinvisibletohumans.Thistechnologypowerseverythingfromrecommendationenginesonstreamingplatformstoautonomousvehicles.Despitetheseimpressiveachievements,thedevelopmentofAIisnotwithoutethicaldilemmas.40.____________.AsAIsystemsbecomemoreintegratedintodailylife,societymustgrapplewithquestionsofprivacy,bias,andaccountability.EnsuringthatAIbenefitshumanityasawholeremainsoneofthemostcriticalchallengesofourtime.[A]Thisapproach,however,waslimitedbyitsinabilitytohandleuncertaintyandthenuancesoftherealworld.[B]ThehistoryofAIisoftendividedintodistincteras,eachmarkedbydifferentapproachesandphilosophies.[C]Consequently,researchersrealizedthathard-codedruleswereinsufficientforsolvingcomplexproblems.[D]Deeplearningalgorithmshaverevolutionizedfieldssuchasnaturallanguageprocessingandcomputervision.[E]ManyexpertsbelievethatAIwilleventuallysurpasshumanintelligenceinalldomains.[F]Thisshiftmarkedthetransitionfromrule-basedsystemstodata-drivenapproachesknownasmachinelearning.[G]Issuessuchasalgorithmicbiasandthepotentialforjobdisplacementhavesparkedintensepublicdebate.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theexplorationofthehumanmicrobiome—thevastcommunityofmicroorganismsthatliveinandonourbodies—hasopenedanewfrontierinmedicine.(41)Fordecades,bacteriawereviewedprimarilyaspathogens,theagentsofdisease,butrecentresearchhasrevealedthattheyareintegraltoourphysiology.Thehumanbodycontainstrillionsofmicrobes,outnumberinghumancellssignificantly.(42)Thiscomplexecosystem,particularlyinthegut,playsacrucialroleindigestion,metabolism,andevenimmunefunction.Oneofthemoststartlingfindingsistheconnectionbetweenthegutandthebrain.(43)Scientistshavediscoveredabidirectionalcommunicationpathwayknownasthe"gut-brainaxis,"throughwhichgutbacteriacaninfluencemoodandmentalhealth.Thissuggeststhatimbalancesinthemicrobiomemightbelinkedtoconditionslikeanxiety,depression,andevenneurodegenerativediseases.(44)Furthermore,themicrobiomeisuniquetoeachindividual,muchlikeafingerprint,yetitcanbemodifiedbydiet,lifestyle,andenvironmentalfactors.Thispersonalizationhasprofoundimplicationsformedicine.Treatmentsthatworkforonepersonmaybeineffectiveforanotherduetomicrobialdifferences.(45)Aswecontinuetounravelthemysteriesofthemicrobiome,wemoveclosertoaneraofpersonalizedmedicine,wheretherapiesaretailorednotjusttothehumangenome,butalsotoourmicrobialpartners.Understandingthishiddenworldwithinusiskeytounlockingnewtreatmentsforawidearrayofchronicillnesses.SectionIIIWritingPartA46.Directions:Supposeyouareamemberofthestudentunionofyouruniversity.Writeanemailtoavisitingprofessor,ProfessorSmith,whowillbegivingalectureoncross-culturalcommunicationnextweek.1)Expressyourwelcomeandappreciation;2)Askaboutthespecifictopicshewillcover;3)Offerassistanceregardinghisaccommodationortransportation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB47.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)[ChartDescription:Thebarchartillustratesthechangesinthereadinghabitsofcollegestudentsfrom2018to2023.Therearethreecategories:E-books,PrintedBooks,andAudiobooks.PrintedBooks:Decreasedsteadilyfrom60%in2018to40%in2023.E-books:Remainedrelativelystable,fluctuatingslightlyaround30%.Audiobooks:Showedasignificantincrease,risingfrom10%in2018to30%in2023.]***参考答案与解析SectionIUseofEnglish1.[B]augmented解析：句意：虽然技术无疑提高了效率和便利性……"augmented"意为“增加、增强”，符合语境。Simplified(简化)、minimized(最小化)与句意相反；stabilized(稳定)语意较弱。2.[A]perpetual解析：句意：持续的通知轰炸会导致一种持续的焦虑状态。"perpetual"意为“长期的、永久的”，对应"constantbarrage"。Temporary(暂时的)语意相反；acute(急性的)通常指短期的剧烈疼痛；negligible(可忽略的)不符合语境。3.[C]psychological解析：句意：这种现象不仅仅是一个心理问题……后文提到"mentalwell-being"（心理健康），故选psychological。Neurological(神经的)、physiological(生理的)虽相关，但此处侧重心理状态；chronological(按年代顺序的)不相关。4.[B]disrupt解析：句意：过多的屏幕时间，特别是在睡前，会显著扰乱睡眠模式。"disrupt"意为“扰乱、打断”。Regulate(调节)、monitor(监控)、enhance(增强)均不符合蓝光抑制褪黑素导致失眠的语境。5.[A]glued解析：句意：那些发现自己深夜粘在屏幕上的人……"gluedto"是固定搭配，意为“紧盯着不放、离不开”。Opposed(反对)、indifferent(冷漠)、resistant(抵抗)均不符合。6.[B]vicious解析：句意：这种恢复性睡眠的缺乏创造了一个恶性循环。"viciouscycle"是固定短语，意为“恶性循环”。Virtuouscycle(良性循环)意思相反；circular(圆的)、linear(线性的)不搭配。7.[C]disrupting解析：句意：……进一步扰乱身体的自然节律。"disrupting"与前文"disrupt"呼应。Synchronizing(同步)、repairing(修复)、ignoring(忽略)不符合语境。8.[A]interactions解析：句意：数字过载的影响超出了身体健康；它深深影响了我们的社会交往。"socialinteractions"意为“社会互动/交往”。Structures(结构)、hierarchies(等级制度)、stratifications(分层)虽是社会学术语，但此处指人与人的互动。9.[B]idealized解析：句意：精心策划的在线资料通常呈现的是一个理想化的现实。"idealized"意为“理想化的”，与后文"highlightreels"（高光时刻）对应。Understated(轻描淡写的)、realistic(现实的)、objective(客观的)均不符合社交媒体展示美好一面的特点。10.[D]trigger解析：句意：这种比较会侵蚀自尊，并引发对自己生活的不满。"trigger"意为“引发、触发”。Alleviate(缓解)、mask(掩饰)、cultivate(培养)不符合负面结果的语境。11.[A]rigid解析：句意：专家建议实施严格的界限。"rigid"意为“严格的、僵硬的”，对应"boundaries"（界限）。Flexible(灵活的)与设立界限的目的相反；blurred(模糊的)是问题所在，不是解决办法；digital(数字的)语意重复。12.[C]refresh解析：句意：……有助于使大脑恢复活力并恢复平衡感。"refresh"意为“使……恢复精神”。Clutter(使杂乱)、burden(使负担)、exhaust(使精疲力竭)均不符合。13.[B]shun解析：句意：目标不是完全回避技术，而是培养一种更有意念的关系。"shun"意为“避开、回避”。Embrace(拥抱)与句意相反；upgrade(升级)、monopolize(垄断)不符合语境。14.[C]endeavor解析：句意：在数字时代重新夺回我们的注意力是维持心理健康的关键努力/尝试。"endeavor"意为“努力、尝试”。Luxury(奢侈品)、option(选项)、inevitability(必然性)均不如endeavor贴切。15.[D]enslavement解析：句意：……确保技术作为一种赋权的工具，而不是受奴役的源泉。"enslavement"意为“奴役”，与"empowerment"（赋权）形成对比。Enlightenment(启蒙)、enrichment(丰富)、entertainment(娱乐)均无法构成强烈对比。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText116.[C]Short-termandfreelancework.解析：细节题。根据第一段第二句"Characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs..."可知，零工经济的特征是短期合同或自由职业，而非永久性工作。17.[C]Flexibilityforworkers.解析：细节题。根据第二段第一句"Proponentsarguethatthegigeconomyliberatesworkersfromtherigidityofthe9-to-5grind..."以及第二句提到的"unparalleledflexibility"，可知其主要优势是灵活性。18.[C]Uncertainorrisky.解析：词汇题。"precarious"所在的句子"However,beneaththeveneerofautonomyliesaprecariousrealityformanylaborers."提示在自主性之下是某种不稳定的现实。结合后文提到的缺乏福利、没有安全网，precarious意为“不稳定的、危险的”。19.[B]Theylacktraditionalemployeebenefits.解析：细节题。根据第三段第二句"Theclassification