Unit 3 Welcome to the unit-Reading 词汇讲解课件-2022-2023学年高中英语（牛津译林版2020必修第一册）

单词预习检测——英汉互译1.视野；视力；看见

n_____________

2.脱离某人的视线_________________

3.最初的；原先的adj_____________4.社交媒体________________

5.新闻媒体；传媒n

_____________

6.能参加；能出席

______________

7.聊天；闲谈v_____________8.咖啡馆；小餐馆n_____________

sightoutofone’ssightsocialmediamedium/mediamakeitchatoriginal

café单词预习检测——英汉互译9.（从疾病或病态等中）恢复过来

v

_____________10.回答；回应v

_____________

11.失去；丧失；亏损；去世；损失n_____________

12.感到迷惑；不知所措________________

13.评价

v

_____________

14.有错；应承担责任n

____________________15.道歉；表示歉意v_____________

16.道歉；歉意n

_____________

respondloss

atalossjudgeinthewrongrecoverapologyapologize单词预习检测——英汉互译17.行为；举止n

_____________18.事例；案例；情况；容器n_____________

19.在任何情况下；不管怎样

_____________20.确切地；肯定地adv

_____________21.欺骗；哄骗vt_____________22.松手；放开；放弃；摒弃_____________23.（故意）不理会；忽视

v

_____________24.患（病）；（因疾病、悲伤等）受苦v

_____________behaviourcaseinanycasedefinitelytrickletgoofignoresuffer单词预习检测——英汉互译25.误解；误会v

_______________26.误解；误会n

_________________

27.（用电话、信件等）联系/联络（某人）v

_____________

28.（感情、暴力事件）爆发；激增v

_____________29.爆炸（声）；（感情）爆发；激增n

_____________

30.宽宏大量的；仁慈的adj

_____________31.ontherocks_____________32.awkwardadj

____________

misunderstandmisunderstandingcontactexplodeexplosiongenerous（关系或生意）陷于困境；濒临崩溃

笨拙的；不舒适的；难为情的单词预习检测——英汉互译33.sightseeingn

_________________34.originallyadv_____________

35.horribleadj

____________________36.recoveryn

_________________37.judg(e)mentn

_________________38.frankadj

________________39.frankly

adv

_____________

40.definiteadj

________________________令人震惊的；可怕的；恐怖的坦白的；直率的坦率地（说）明确的；清楚的；肯定的；一定的起初；原来判断力；辨别力；意见；看法；评价痊愈；重获；复苏观光；游览单词预习检测——英汉互译41.tricky

adj

____________________

42.sufferingn

_________________43.explosiveadj____________________起初；原来易爆炸的；引起爆炸的痛苦；苦难；折磨awkward一词多义sight一词多义搭配义makeit一词多义一词多义judge

case一词多义搭配义contact一词多义熟词生义重难点词精讲original一词多义recover一词多义英语释义suffer英语释义awkward

adj

（动作）笨拙的；不舒适的；难为情的notrelaxedorcomfortable：WhenIwasanawkwardprimaryschoolstudent,shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.

令人尴尬的；别扭的embarrassing：anawkwardsilence

使用不便的；难以应付的(difficult)：anawkwardmachineaskanawkwardquestion

不方便的(inconvenient)：Pleasearrangethenextmeetingatalessawkwardtime.►awkwardlyadv

尴尬地课文

…Justsittinginthewheelchairwasa39learningexperience.Ihadneverconsideredbeforehow40awkwarditwouldbetouseone.AssoonasIsatdown,my41weightmadethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42locked.ThenIwonderedwheretoputmy43feet.Ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestinto44place

…(2013年全国卷I完形填空)awkward的常见释义是“尴尬的”。但是在这道题目中，根据其语境，awkward意为“困难的”，其同义词是difficult。这层释义是我们不太熟悉的释义，表示“困难的”也很少想到用awkward。这个词在高考完形填空中出现的频率相当高。awkward链接高考anawkwardgesture

anawkwardpeasantanawkwardinstrument

anawkwardsituationanawkwardcustomeranawkwardmomentawkward

语境活译大挑战笨拙的姿势笨手笨脚的乡下人不好用的仪器棘手的情况不好对付/难伺候的顾客尴尬的时刻sight词源sight来源于古英语动词see，sight是其名词形式，最初加名词后缀th，后变成t→sight，即theactofsee。

[U]

视力；视觉：havegood/poorsightWhenShawlosthissight,hiswifesuggestedheapplyforaguidedog.

[U]看见；瞥见：Justthesightofthemonstermadehergoallweak.

[U]视域；眼界；视线：Ilookedaroundmequickly.Therewasnooneinsight.Sheneverletsherdaughteroutofhersight.

[C]看见的事物；景象；情景：ThepracticeofhangingflagsisacommonsightinmanypartsofthecountryonNationalday.Thesemountainsareasplendidsightwhenviewedfromthevalleyfloor.

[复数]名胜；景点

=placesofinterestsOverseasvisitorsareimpressedbythebeautifulsightsofBeijing.所见之物基本义sight看见的能力看见的行为看见的范围看见的事物看见的名胜古迹视力；视觉看见；瞥见视域；眼界；视线景象；情景名胜；景点sight语义网络图atfirstsight一见(就)；乍一看：fallinlovewithsbatfirstsightAtfirstsight,thereisnothingspecialaboutthewatch,butinfactitisamobilephone.atthesightof一看见：Somepeoplewillfaintatthesightofblood.

catchsightof看见；发现：Suddenly,IcaughtsightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.sight搭配comeintosight进入视线；映入眼帘：Astheplanecamedownthroughtheclouds,greenfieldsandwhitehousescameintosight.losesightof看不见；忽略；忘记：Ilostsightofhiminthecrowd.Hisgrandfather,abanker,lostallinthe1930s,butdidnotlosesightofwhathevaluedmost.outof(one’s)sight脱离（某人的）视线： Whetherwe’rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we’rehardlyoutofeachother’ssight.setone’ssightson以……为奋斗目标：TheplayersaidthathehadsethissightsonwinningthechampionshipinthecomingOlympics.课文我们用手机发照片时，会出现“原图”的选项，发原图，清晰度会更高，原图的英语表达是：

originaloriginal是“origin—起源”的形容词originalpicture

original■

adj

[只用于名词前]最初的；原先的：

Ouroriginalplanwastoseeafilmatthecinemathatafternoon.Sadlythelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplace

intoanother

building.

[只用于名词前]

原创的；原作的：Inaword,toreadtheoriginalworkisbetterthantoseethefilmbasedonit.

新颖的；创新的；独特的：That’snotavery

originalsuggestion.

熟词生义■

n[C]原文；原作；原稿：thebookin

the

original课文original语义网络图

最初的；原先的original词源义新颖的；创新的；独特的见解、看法等“最初的”事物“最初的”最初的；原先的作品“最初的”原创的；原作的词汇拓展

originalityn[U]独创性；创造力

originally（句子副词）

adv

本来；原来：

Originally,wehadplannedatourofScotland,butwedidn’tgointheend.词汇拓展

originn

出身；血统：Over80%ofthe3.6millionpopleareofEuropeanorigin.

起源；起因：ThisparticularcustomhasitsorigininWales.

originatev［正式用语］起源；发源Mid-AutumnFestivalisoriginatedfromthemoonworshipceremonyabout3,000yearsagoinZhouDynasty.选必三Unit2makeitmakeit

做到；成功：Aslongasyouhaveadream,keeptryingandyou’llmakeit.2014山东

(尤指在困难情况下)准时到达；赶上：Theflightleavesintwentyminutes—we’llnevermakeit.

渡过难关：Shaydidn’tmakeittoanothersummeranddiedthatwinter.2011江苏

[口语]能参加；能出席：I’msorryIdidn’tmakeitto

yourpartylastnight.做到基本义makeit做到事情做到准时做到克服困难做到；成功(尤指在困难情况下)准时到达；赶上[口语]能参加；能出席makeit的语义网络图渡过难关做到参加活动recoverv

vt（意识、知觉等）恢复

togetbacktheuseofyoursenses,controlofyouremotion,etc.：Ittookherafewminutestorecoverconsciousness.

vi（从疾病或病态等中）恢复过来togetwellagainafterbeingill,hurt,etc.;toreturntoanormalstate：Theeconomyisatlastbeginningtorecover.HowcanLindarecoverfromherillnessinthisroomwhenit’ssodirtyanddusty?

vt重新获得tofindorgetbacksththatwaslostorstolen：Policehaverecoveredthestolencar.Weworkedhardtorecoverthelosttime.recover的词源义是“comeback,return;regainhealth;getagain”，它的基本义——重新获得“getagain(regain)”recover语义网络图“重新获得”意识/能力等“重新获得”健康/状态“重新获得”物品(意识、知觉等)恢复(从疾病或病态等中)恢复过来重新获得重新获得re-+cover

词汇拓展►

recovery

n[C]&[U]痊愈；重获；复苏:Hehasmadeafullrecoveryfromhisoperation.2014四川改aneconomicrecoveryjudge“不要以貌取人”这句话还有很多说法。其中一个著名的版本出自《圣经

约翰福音》第7章。原文是“Neverjudgefromappearances,butjudgewithrightjudgment.”“不可按外貌定是非，总要按公平断定是非”。即不可以貌取人，判断事物不应受表面现象蒙蔽。Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.Youmightmissoutanamazingstory!

vi&vt

判断toformanopinionaboutsb/sth：Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromSichuan.

vt

估计toguessthesize,amount,etc.ofsth：It’sdifficultto

judgehow

longthejourneywilltake.judge

■v

vt&vi评价

tobecriticalaboutsb,todecidewhethersbisgoodorbad

Don’tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.I’velearntagoodlesson:nottojudgepeople.2010北京课文

vt

审判；判决：judgeacase/judgesbguilty

vt&vi裁判；评判：ShewasaskedtojudgetheEnglishspeechcontest.■

n

法官；裁判员；鉴定人：Sheisaverygoodjudgeofcharacter.judge的语义网络图判断judge(基本义)根据所见、所闻、所学判断某事物判断大小、数量等不公正或批评地对某人作出判断判断比赛结果判断案件判断估计评价裁判审判；判决裁判员法官vnjudg(e)ment

[U]判断力；辨别力theabilitytoformopinionsortomakesensibledecisions：Heshowedexcellentjudgementinchoosingafriend.

[C]&[U]意见；看法；评价anopinionthatyouformafterthinkingcarefully：makeajudgementon/aboutInherjudgment,itwasawrongthingtogivechildrensomuchpocketmoney.【词汇拓展】还记得早年间我们说“小事一桩”时，常用流行语“小case”吗？它是怎么来的？这个土洋结合的词语，最先在港台地区出现。由于港台地区特殊的文化背景环境，产生了这个词语。后来通过港台影视作品传入内地。可是当我们学习单词case时，发现这不是个“小case”。casecasen[C]

事例；实例：①例子；案例anexampleofaparticularsituationorofsthhappening：MyexperienceintheEnglishspeechcontestlastOctoberisacaseinpoint(=aclearexampleofsththatyouarediscussingorexplaining).②

病例

anexampleofadiseaseorapersonwhohasadisease：Medicalstudentsstudythecasehistoriesofmanypatients.③案件：Around50policeofficersareonthecase.

④诉讼案；官司acrimeorillegalmatter：Marshallhasdroppedthecaseagainstus.

情况

aparticularsituationorasituationofaparticulartype：inanycase在任何情况下；不管怎样：

Inanycase,findanopportunitytohaveafullandfranktalkwithher.incaseof[常用于官方通告]在……情形时；万一：Incaseofemergency,pleasecalltheHelpDeskat926-3736.in…case(s)在……情况下：Theseideascanbetrueincertaincases,butverywronginothers.innocase在任何情况下都不；决不：Innocaseshouldyouleaveyourpost.inthiscase在这种情况下：Youmaythinkofgivingupstudy.Inthiscase,justthinkitoverbeforemakingthedecision.innocase用于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序课文inthatcase既然如此；那样的话：—

Hedidn’twanttotalktoSally.—

Inthatcasewhydidheagreetomeether?insb’scase就某人的情况来说：TheysayGodrewardsthosewhoworkhardandinmycaseitwastrue.inthecaseof就……来说；至于：Theamountoffruitinfruitjuicesmustbe6%inthecaseoforanges.(just)incase[可引导状语从句]假使；以防(万一)：Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatientsincasetheyneedmedicalassistance.2019江苏thecase事实；实情：Thereisnosimpleanswer,asisoftenthecaseinscience.2013山东

证据；理由asetofreasonswhysthshouldhappenorbedone：Ourlawyerdidn’tthinkwehadacase.Thereisastrongcaseforgettingparentsmoreinvolvedintheschool’sactivities.

箱子；盒子：apencilcase/apackingcase同形异义词指拼写相同，但意义毫不相同的词。常见的同形异义词有case,light,tear,lead,post等。学习时要注意同形异义词与多义词的区别：同形异义词各源自不同的词，而多义词的词源是同一个词。多义词的释义之间有联系，而同形异义词的释义之间无联系。同形异义词事例；实例（基本义）case的语义网络图日常生活或商业领域中的“事例；实例”医生写的关于病人病情的“事例；实例”与刑事等相关的警察处理的“事例；实例”法庭或法院处理的“事例；实例”例子；案例病例案件诉讼案；官司活着就要经受痛苦；而生存是为了在痛苦中寻找意义。

——尼采suffer弗里德里希·威廉·尼采(FriedrichWilhelmNietzsche,

1844—1900)，德国哲学家、语言学家、诗人、思想家。他被认为是西方现代哲学的开创者，对于后代哲学的发展有很大影响。

vi&vt患（病）；（因疾病）受苦toexperiencephysicalormentalpain：Ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsandmakesyousuffer,it’stimetorethinkyourrelationship.suffer(from)aheartattackI’msufferingfromabadback.

vi&vt遭受（困难等）toexperienceandbebadlyaffectedbysth：suffer(from)defeat/lossYouwill