高考英语“语法填空”中-国元素专题训练（含传统文化素材）

高考英语“语法填空”中国元素专题训练

（含传统文化素材）适用学段：高中（高三冲刺为主，高一、高二培优亦可）

学科：英语

文档类型：专项训练·中国传统文化

核心亮点承诺：10篇全部围绕中国传统文化话题的原创语法填空短文，100个精心设计的考点覆盖高考核心语法；每题均附详尽解析，仿佛老师在旁逐空讲给你听；还配有可直接下发的学生自查表与避坑指南，拿来就能印、印完就能练、练完就能补漏。使用说明与痛点解决这份材料最适合正在备战高考的高三师生，也适合高一、高二想要提前突破语法填空的中国元素话题的同学。近几年高考英语语法填空中频繁出现中国传统文化素材，很多学生不是不会语法，而是因为对文化背景词汇不熟、对句子结构理不清，导致连续丢分。这份专题训练就是专门解决这个痛点的。建议用法：限时训练，每篇控制在8—10分钟完成；做完以后不要只对答案，一定要逐空看解析，把错题对应的考点填进后面的“考点自查清单”里；最后再把短文大声朗读两遍，既培养语感又积累文化词汇。本资料为经验分享，请根据本校、本班实际情况调整使用。命题说明与设计思路笔者连续带过八届高三，有一个很明显的感受：从2017年新课标卷开始，语法填空就不再是冷冰冰的孤立语法题了，它越来越像一篇微型的文化阅读。尤其是当文章讲的是春节、京剧、茶文化这类中国元素时，学生往往先在心里慌了——觉得生词多、背景杂，连带着把本来会填的空也填错了。于是在2025年暑假，我花了近两周时间，翻遍了近五年的高考真题和各地模拟题，结合课标词汇，自己一字一句写了这10篇短文。每篇150词左右，设10个空。所有考点——动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、词性转换、介词、连词、冠词、代词，甚至一些高频固定搭配——全都有意识地在不同篇目里滚动呈现。有几篇我还特意在解析里加上了“考场易错提醒”，那些都是从我学生试卷上抄下来的真实错误。需要说明的是，为了保持中国传统文化的原汁原味，文中出现了一些专有名词和术语，我都尽量控制在课标范围内，并在必要处加括号给予中文提示。如果还是觉得学生生词多，训练前可以先花五分钟带读一下每篇前标注的生词，效果会好很多。下面就进入训练正题。10篇专题训练与逐题解析1.中国书法Chinesecalligraphy,anartform1.__(practice)forthousandsofyears,isdeeplyrespectedinChina.Itrequiresgreatpatienceand2.__(concentrate).Manypeoplefindit3.__(relax)topracticecalligraphyafterabusyday.Thebrush,ink,paperandinkstoneare4.__(know)asthe“FourTreasuresoftheStudy”.Overthecenturies,differentstyles,suchassealscriptandcursivescript,5.__(develop).WangXizhi,6.__isconsideredthegreatestcalligrapherinChinesehistory,wrotethefamous“PrefacetothePoemsComposedattheOrchidPavilion”.Ifyouwanttolearncalligraphy,youshouldstart7.__masteringbasicstrokes.Itisalsorecommended8.__(attend)aclass.Themoreyoupractice,the9.__(good)youwillbecome.Asanoldsayinggoes,“Practice10.__(make)perfect.”答案与详解practiced

考查非谓语动词作后置定语。anartform和practice之间是被动关系，表示“被练习了数千年的艺术形式”，所以用过去分词practiced。有同学一看到forthousandsofyears就想用完成时，但这里是定语，不是谓语，千万别上当。concentration

考查词性转换。and连接两个名词，patience是名词，所以concentrate要变成名词concentration，意思是“专注”。注意拼写，不要漏掉中间的tr。relaxing

考查形容词。这里表示“练习书法这件事令人放松”，用relaxing，而不是relaxed。findit+adj.+todo是常用结构，it是形式宾语。known

考查固定搭配beknownas，意思是“被称为，被称作”。这里是被动语态，所以用过去分词known。havedeveloped

考查动词时态。Overthecenturies是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，主语differentstyles是复数，所以填havedeveloped，表示“逐渐发展并持续至今”。who

考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。先行词WangXizhi是人，且在从句中作主语，所以只能用who。by

考查介词搭配。startbydoingsomething表示“以做某事开始”，是很地道的用法。也有同学填with，虽能理解，但startwith后通常接名词，比如startwithbasicstrokes，而这里后面是mastering，所以by最准确。toattend

考查不定式。Itisrecommendedtodosomething是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是toattendaclass。better

考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。表示“越……就越……”，所以good要变成比较级better。makes

考查主谓一致和谚语。Practicemakesperfect是固定谚语，主语Practice是第三人称单数，所以用makes。2.中国茶文化TeahasalonghistoryinChina,1.__(date)backabout5,000years.Accordingtolegend,teawasfirstdiscoveredbyShennong,2.__wasalegendaryemperor.Drinkingteaoffersmanyhealth3.__(benefit).Greentea,forexample,isrichinantioxidants.Theteaceremony,4.__(know)as“gongfutea”,isatraditionalwayofpreparingandservingtea.Itinvolvesseveralsteps5.__(perform)withgreatcare.IfyouvisitaChinesefamily,itiscommon6.__(offer)acupoftea.Refusingthetea7.__(consider)impolite.Insomeareas,peopletapthetable8.__theirfingerstoexpressthanks.Chineseteaculturehasspreadworldwide,andnowmanypeopleenjoy9.__(drink)Chinesetea.Infact,teaisthesecondmost10.__(wide)consumedbeverageintheworld.答案与详解dating

datebackto表示“追溯到”，这个短语没有被动形式，在这里要用现在分词dating作状语。学生经常误填dated，一定要记住：datebackto永远用主动。who

非限制性定语从句，先行词Shennong是人，用who引导，在从句中作主语。benefits

many修饰可数名词复数，benefit在这里是可数名词，表示“好处，益处”，所以加s。注意不要写成benifits。known

过去分词作定语，相当于whichisknownas，表示“被称为功夫茶的茶道”。performed

steps和perform之间是被动关系，表示“被很用心完成的步骤”，所以用过去分词作定语。tobeoffered

itiscommontodosomething，但这里客人是被提供茶，所以用不定式的被动形式tobeoffered。在考场如果实在分不清，填tooffer有时也能接受，但严格来说主被动关系要对应好。isconsidered

动名词短语Refusingthetea作主语，谓语用单数，这里是一般现在时的被动语态，表示“被视为不礼貌”。with

考查介词。“用某物做某事”可以用with，tapthetablewiththeirfingers表示“用手指轻敲桌子”。drinking

enjoydoing是固定搭配，所以drink要变成drinking。widely

修饰过去分词consumed要用副词widely，表示“被广泛地消费”。注意wide是形容词，不能直接修饰consumed。3.京剧PekingOpera,alsoknownasJingju,isoneofChina’snational1.__(treasure).It2.__(combine)music,vocalperformance,mime,danceandacrobatics.Performerswearcolorfulcostumesand3.__(paint)theirfacesinvariouspatterns,eachcolorrepresentingadifferentcharactertype.Forinstance,aredfacesymbolizesloyaltyand4.__(brave).Thestories5.__(tell)inPekingOperaareusuallybasedonChinesehistory,folkloreandliterature.Althoughithasahistoryofover200years,itspopularity6.__(decline)amongyoungpeopleinrecentyears.Topreservethisartform,someschoolshavestarted7.__(offer)PekingOperacourses.Ifyouhaveachance8.__(watch)aperformance,youwillbeamazedbytheperformers’skills.TheartofPekingOpera,9.__isacombinationofmanyartforms,deserves10.__(appreciate)bymorepeople.答案与详解treasures

“oneof+复数名词”是固定结构，意思是“……之一”，所以treasure要用复数treasures。combines

主语It指代PekingOpera，是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，所以combine加s。注意拼写，不要丢掉末尾的e直接加s。paint

and连接两个并列谓语wear和paint，主语performers是复数，所以用动词原形paint。bravery

and连接两个名词，loyalty是名词，所以brave要变为名词bravery，意思是“勇敢”。有的同学会写braveness，虽然也对，但bravery更常见。told

过去分词作定语，表示“在京剧中被讲述的故事”，story和tell是被动关系。hasdeclined

inrecentyears是现在完成时的标志，主语popularity不可数，所以用hasdeclined，表示“近年来已经下降”。offering

startdoing和starttodo都可以，这里用offering，表示“开始开设京剧课程”。两种都对，解析时告诉学生不必纠结。towatch

chance后接不定式作定语，achancetowatchaperformance表示“观看演出的机会”。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词是TheartofPekingOpera，表示物，用which引导。appreciating

deservedoing等于deservetobedone，主动形式表示被动含义。所以appreciate要用动名词appreciating。这是高频考点，笔者在班上至少讲过五遍，每次都有学生仍然填tobeappreciated。两种都对，但如果给词是appreciate，填appreciating更常见。4.中秋节TheMid-AutumnFestival,oneofthemostimportanttraditionalChinesefestivals,1.__(fall)onthe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.Itisatimeforfamilyreunions.Onthisday,peopleenjoymooncakes,atraditionalpastry2.__(fill)withsweetorsavoryfillings.Theroundshapeofthemooncakesymbolizescompletenessand3.__(together).Intheevening,familiesgathertoadmirethefullmoon,4.__isbelievedtobethebrightestoftheyear.Thereisabeautifullegendbehindthefestival:Chang’e,5.__goddess,flewtothemoonaftertakinganelixirofimmortality.Thestory6.__(pass)downfromgenerationtogeneration.Manypoetshavewrittenpoemsaboutthemoon,7.__(express)theirhomesickness.Today,thefestivaliscelebratednotonlyinChina8.__inmanyotherAsiancountries.Itisaperfectopportunity9.__(strengthen)familybondsandenjoytraditionalculture.Sonexttime,don’tforget10.__(taste)amooncake.答案与详解falls

节日日期表述用一般现在时，主语TheMid-AutumnFestival是第三人称单数，所以fall加s。filled

过去分词作定语，pastry和fill之间是被动关系，befilledwith表示“充满……”，所以填filled。togetherness

and连接completeness和together的名词形式。together的名词是togetherness，表示“团圆，相聚”。这个词有些学生想不出来，平时要多积累。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词是thefullmoon，用which引导。a

这里表示“一位女神”，同位语说明Chang’e的身份，goddess以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。hasbeenpassed

passdown表示“流传下来”，story和pass是被动关系，且从古至今，用现在完成时的被动hasbeenpassed。学生容易漏掉been。expressing

现在分词作伴随状语，诗人们写诗的同时表达了思乡之情，主动关系，所以用expressing。but

notonly…but(also)是固定搭配，also可以省略，这里填but。tostrengthen

opportunity后接不定式作定语，表示“加强家庭纽带的机会”。totaste

forgettodo表示“忘记要做某事”，这里提醒“别忘了品尝月饼”，所以用totaste。注意和forgetdoing“忘记做过某事”区分开。5.长城TheGreatWall,1.__(stretch)over13,000miles,isoneofthemostimpressivewondersoftheworld.Itwasbuiltovermanydynasties,2.__(start)fromtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Themainpurposeofthewallwas3.__(protect)thecountryfrominvasions.Thousandsofworkers4.__(sacrifice)theirlivesduringitsconstruction.Althoughitfailed5.__(prevent)invasionscompletely,itstandsasasymbolofChineseresilience.Today,millionsoftouristsvisitthewalleveryyear,especiallytheBadalingsection,6.__iswellrestored.Walkingonthewallmakesyoufeel7.__(amaze)atthewisdomofancientpeople.ItissaidthattheGreatWallistheonlyman-madeobject8.__(see)fromspace.Whethertrueornot,thereisno9.__(deny)thatitisamasterpiece.Toprotectthisheritage,visitorsshouldavoid10.__(write)onthebricks.答案与详解stretching

现在分词作定语，长城和stretch是主动关系，表示“绵延一万三千多英里”，所以用stretching。starting

现在分词作伴随状语，修饰前面的built，表示“从春秋时期开始”，主动含义。toprotect

purpose作主语，表语用不定式toprotect，wastoprotect表示“目的是保卫”。sacrificed

描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时sacrificed，表示“牺牲了生命”。toprevent

failtodo表示“没能做成某事”，所以用toprevent。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词theBadalingsection是物，用which。amazed

feelamazed表示“感到惊讶”，形容人的感受，用amazed。amazing是“令人惊讶的”，这里不合适。seen

过去分词作定语，object和see是被动关系，等于thatcanbeseenfromspace，所以用seen。denying

Thereisnodenyingthat…是固定句型，意思是“不可否认……”。writing

avoiddoing是固定搭配，表示“避免做某事”，所以write变writing。6.丝绸之路TheSilkRoadwasanetworkoftraderoutes1.__(connect)theEastandtheWest.ItwasnamedaftertheChinesesilktrade,2.__washighlyvaluedinancientRome.Theroadwasnotasingleroutebutaseriesofroutes3.__(span)over6,400kilometers.Traderstraveledalongtheseroutes,4.__(carry)notonlygoodsbutalsoideas,religionsandtechnologies.Buddhism,forexample,wasintroducedtoChinaviatheSilkRoad.Thejourneywasextremelydangerous,withtravelers5.__(face)deserts,mountainsandbandits.MarcoPolo,thefamousItaliantraveler,6.__(document)histravelsinthe13thcentury,whichsparkedEuropeaninterestintheEast.TheSilkRoadplayedacrucialrolein7.__(promote)culturalexchanges.In2014,asectionoftheSilkRoad8.__(declare)aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Today,theBeltandRoadInitiativeaims9.__(revive)theancientroutesformoderncooperation.ThehistoryoftheSilkRoadremindsusoftheimportanceof10.__(connect).答案与详解connecting

现在分词作定语，routes和connect是主动关系，表示“连接东西方的路线”。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词theChinesesilktrade，指物，用which。spanning

现在分词作定语，routes和span是主动关系，表示“跨越6400多公里”。carrying

现在分词作伴随状语，traders主动携带货物和思想，用carrying。facing

with复合结构，travelers和face是主动关系，用现在分词facing，表示“面临沙漠、群山和土匪”。documented

叙述马可·波罗13世纪的行为，用一般过去时documented，表示“记录”。promoting

介词in后接动名词，所以用promoting，表示“在促进文化交流方面发挥了关键作用”。wasdeclared

2014年被列为世界遗产，是被动且过去，用wasdeclared。torevive

aimtodo是固定用法，表示“旨在复兴”。connections

of后接名词，connect的名词是connection，这里用复数connections更贴切。connectivity也对，但课标内更常用connections。7.孔子与儒学Confucius,1.__(know)asKongziinChinese,wasagreatphilosopherandeducator.HelivedintheSpringandAutumnPeriod,atimeofgreat2.__(change)andconflict.Histeachingsfocusedonmorality,familyloyalty,andsocialharmony.TheAnalects,acollectionofhissayings,3.__(record)byhisdisciples.Oneofhisfamoussayingsis“Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantdoneto4.__(you).”Confuciusemphasizedtheimportanceofeducation,believingthateveryoneshouldhavetheright5.__(receive)educationregardlessofsocialstatus.Healsostressedfilialpiety,6.__meansrespectingparentsandancestors.Confucianismhashadaprofoundinfluence7.__Chinesesociety.Eventoday,hisideas8.__(study)widelyaroundtheworld.ManyschoolsinChinaholdceremonies9.__(honor)Confucius.Asateacher,Ithinkhiseducationalphilosophyisstill10.__(relevance).答案与详解known

过去分词作定语，Confucius和know是被动关系，表示“被称为孔子”。changes

atimeofgreatchanges，change作“变化”解时可数，且前面有great修饰，用复数。wererecorded

TheAnalects作主语，是复数概念，又是被记录，且发生在过去，用wererecorded。yourself

这句话意思是“己所不欲，勿施于人”，donotwantdonetoyourself，“对你自己的”，用反身代词yourself。toreceive

right后常接不定式作定语，therighttoreceiveeducation“接受教育的权利”。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词filialpiety是物，用which引导。on

influenceon是固定搭配，表示“对……的影响”。arestudied

今天他的思想仍被广泛研究，用一般现在时被动arestudied。tohonor

不定式作目的状语，表示“为了纪念孔子”。relevant

is后接形容词，relevance的形容词是relevant，表示“仍然有现实意义”。8.四大发明TheFourGreatInventionsofancientChinaarepapermaking,printing,gunpowder,andthecompass.Papermaking,1.__(date)backtotheHanDynasty,madewritingmaterialsmoreaffordable.Beforepaper,peoplewroteonbambooslipsorsilk,2.__wereexpensiveandheavy.Printingwasfirst3.__(invent)byBiSheng,whocreatedmovabletype.Thistechnology4.__(great)increasedthespeedofbookproduction.Gunpowderwasdiscoveredbyaccidentwhenancientalchemistsweretrying5.__(find)anelixirofimmortality.Later,itwasusedinwarfare,completelychangingbattles.Thecompass,6.__wasoriginallyusedfordivination,laterbecameessentialfornavigation.Itenabledexplorers7.__(sail)acrossoceans.Withouttheseinventions,theprogressofcivilizationwouldhavebeen8.__(slow).Manymuseumshaveexhibitions9.__(display)theseinventions.Nexttimeyouvisitamuseum,payattentiontothedisplays10.__(introduce)ancientChinesetechnology.答案与详解dating

datebackto无被动，现在分词作定语，表示“追溯到汉朝”。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词bambooslipsorsilk，用which引导。invented

被动语态，wasinvented“被发明”。greatly

副词修饰动词increased，表示“极大地提高了”。tofind

trytodo表示“试图做某事”，这里指试图寻找长生不老药。which

非限制性定语从句，先行词compass，指物，用which。tosail

enablesomebodytodo，表示“使探险者能够航行”。slower

虚拟语气，without引出条件，主句用wouldhavebeen，后面用比较级slower，表示“会更慢”。displaying

现在分词作定语，exhibitions主动展示，用displaying。introducing

同样，displays主动介绍技术，用现在分词introducing。9.中国功夫ChineseKungFu,alsocalledWushu,isaseriesoffightingstyles1.__(develop)overcenturiesinChina.ItisnotjustasportbutareflectionofChinesephilosophy.Manystyles,suchasShaolin,TaiChi,andWingChun,2.__(be)famousworldwide.PracticingKungFurequiresgreatdisciplineand3.__(persevere).Ithelpsimprovephysicalfitnessandmentalfocus.TaiChi,inparticular,4.__(practice)bymillionsofelderlypeopleinparkseverymorning.Theslow,gracefulmovementsare5.__(design)topromotetheflowofqi.BruceLee,6.__isalegendinmartialarts,broughtChineseKungFutoHollywood.Hisfilmsinspiredpeoplearoundtheworld7.__(learn)KungFu.Ifyouareinterested,youcanstartby8.__(join)alocalclub.Rememberthatthekeytomasteringitisconsistentpractice.Itisessentialtorespectyourmasterand9.__(train)hard.Withtime,youwillfindyourself10.__(become)strongerandmoreconfident.答案与详解developed

过去分词作定语，styles和develop是被动关系，表示“经过了几个世纪发展起来的格斗风格”。are

主语Manystyles是复数，一般现在时，所以用are。perseverance

and连接名词，persevere的名词是perseverance，表示“毅力”。ispracticed

太极拳被练习，被动，且everymorning常与一般现在时连用，主语TaiChi单数，用ispracticed。designed

aredesignedto表示“被设计来……”，是固定搭配。who

非限制性定语从句，先行词BruceLee是人，用who。tolearn

inspiresomebodytodo，表示“激励人们学习功夫”。joining

by是介词，后接动名词joining。train

and连接两个不定式torespect和(to)train，第二个不定式符号可省略，所以用动词原形train。becoming

findoneselfdoing表示“发现自己不知不觉在做某事”，所以用becoming。10.农历新年ChineseNewYear,alsoknown1.__theSpringFestival,isthemostimportantcelebrationinChina.Preparationsusuallystartweeksinadvance,withfamilies2.__(clean)theirhousestosweepawaybadluck.Redcoupletsandlanternsareputup.Thecolorred3.__(believe)todriveawayevilspirits.OnNewYear’sEve,familiesgatherforabigfeast,4.__(feature)traditionaldisheslikedumplingsandfish.FishisamustbecausetheChinesewordforfishsoundslike“surplus”,5.__(symbolize)abundance.Childrenreceiveredenvelopes6.__(contain)moneyfromelders.Fireworksdisplaysare7.__(tradition)heldtowelcomethenewyear.Thecelebrationslastfor15days,endingwiththeLanternFestival.Theholidayisnotonlyatimeforjoybutalsofor8.__(strengthen)familyties.ManyChinesepeopleabroadmaintainthesetraditions,9.__helpsthemstayconnectedtotheirroots.Itisafestival10.__bringswarmthandhopetoeveryone.答案与详解as

know