2026版《金版教程》高考一轮复习英语（一） 题组3

高考总复习首选用卷英语题组3Ⅰ阅读(2025·江西省南昌市东湖区第二中学高三期中)Picturethis:youarerunninglatetodropyourkidsoffatschoolinthemorning.Ontopofthis,itispouringrainoutside.Whileyouaredrivingdownthehighway,anothercarcutsyouoff.Youbegintothinktheymustbearudepersonwhoisalsoaterribledriver.Acoupleofminuteslater,you,yourselfaccidentallycutoffsomeone.Youinformyourselfyouractionisaresultofthefactthatyouarelateforyourchild'sdrop­offandyoucannotseewellbecauseoftherain.Whyisitthatweautomaticallyassumeothers'negativeactionsarearesultofwhotheyareasapersonwhilegivingourselvesexcuses?Theactor­observerbias(偏差)isanexplanationforthisconfusingphenomenon.Whenyouexplainsomeone'sbehaviorbasedoninternalfactors,likeassumingthepersonwhocutsyouoffisarudeperson,butattributing(把……归因于)yourownbehaviortoexternalsituationalfactors,youareengagingintheactor­observerbias.Sowhydoestheactor­observereffectoccur?Thegeneralexplanationisthatitoccursasadefensemechanismformaintaininghighpersonaldignity.Wewouldratherbelievethatourfaultscomefromfactorswecannotcontrolbecausethenwecannotchangethemanditiseasierforustoaccepttheoutcome.Theactor­observerbiasisthecauseofmanyargumentsbetweentheactorandtheobserverasaresultofamisunderstandingoftheeffectofexternalandinternalfactors.Howcanwestopthinkingthiswayandbecomemoresympathetictothepeoplearoundus?Thisiswhereitgetstrickybecausetheobserver'sinternalattributionsareanautomaticprocesswhichmeanstheyoccuralmostimmediatelyandunconsciously(无意识地)．Inordertobecomemoresympathetictowardssurroundingpeopleinsituations,wemustmaketheattributionsacontrolledprocess.Acontrolledprocessiswhentheobserverpurposelyfocusesattentiononsomethingandisconsciouslyawareoftheprocess,unlikeanautomaticprocess.Knowingwhattheactor­observereffectisandhowitcaninfluenceyourownattributionsisagoodsteptowardbecomingmoresympatheticandkindertopeopleyouinteractwith.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“行为者—观察者偏差”概念，即人们往往会将他人负面的行为归因于其个人特质，而将自己的相同行为归因于外部情境。作者指出了如何克服这种偏差，变得更加同情和善待他人。1．Howwouldwedefinetheotherdriver'sbehaviorinParagraph1?A．Anemotionaloutburst.B．Adisplayofbadmanners.C．Amomentofcarelessness.D．Anunavoidablecircumstance.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Picturethis...arudepersonwhoisalsoaterribledriver.(想象一下：早上你送孩子上学迟到了。除此之外，外面还下着倾盆大雨。当你在高速公路上行驶时，另一辆车突然插到你的前面。你开始想，这个人一定很粗鲁，而且驾驶技术很差。)”可知，我们常常会将突然变道超车的司机定义为一个粗鲁的人，一个糟糕的司机。故选B。2．Howmightanobserverbemoreconsideratetoanactor'sactions?A．Byfocusingonthesituationalfactors.B．Bymakingtheattributionprocessautomatic.C．Byattributingtheseactionstointernalfactors.D．Byimaginingthemselvesinthesamesituations.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Whenyouexplainsomeone'sbehavior...youareengagingintheactor­observerbias.(当你基于内部因素解释某人的行为，比如认为插队的人是粗鲁的，但却将自己的行为归因于外部情境因素时，你就陷入了行为者—观察者偏差。)”可知，“行为者—观察者效应”的无意识归因是观察者将行为者的行为归因到其内部因素上。由此可推知，观察者可以通过关注情境因素，即外部因素，来理解行为者的行为。故选A。3．Whydowefallfortheactor­observerbias?A．Tosafeguardourself­image.B．Toavoidargumentswithothers.C．Topromotesympathytowardsothers.D．Toensurefairnessininterpersonalinteractions.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Sowhydoestheactor­observereffectoccur...toaccepttheoutcome.(那么为什么行为者—观察者效应会发生呢？一般的解释是，它是一种维护个人尊严的防御机制。我们宁愿相信我们的错误来自我们无法控制的因素，因为这样我们就无法改变它们，也更容易接受结果。)”可知，为了维护我们的自尊，我们陷入了一种防御机制，落入了“行为者—观察者偏差”的陷阱。故选A。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhywerepeatourmistakesB．HowwecanstopblamingothersC．WhatisthescienceofsocialjusticeD．Whywealwaysignoreourownfaults答案：D解析：标题判断题。文章介绍了“行为者—观察者偏差”概念，即人们往往会将他人负面的行为归因于其个人特质，而将自己的相同行为归因于外部情境，分析了其出现的原因，导致的后果，并提出了克服这种偏差的方法。D项(为什么我们总是会忽视自己的错误)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。(2025·四川省内江市第六中学高三第二次月考)Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethedifferencebetweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformance:curiosityanddiscontent.Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwobelongtogether.Together,thesedeephumanurgescountformuchmorethanambition.GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.LikeGalileo,allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent,“Why?Why?Why？”Fortunately,curiosityanddiscontentdon'thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethem.“Thegreatman，”saidMencius(孟子),“ishewhodoesnotlosehischild'sheart.”Yetmostofusdoloseit.Westopaskingquestions.Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollowthecrowd.Andthecrowddesiresonlythecalmandrestfulaverage.Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.Mostofusmeetnewpeople,andnewideas,withhesitation.Butoncehavingmetandlikedthem,wethinkhowterribleitwouldhavebeen,hadwemissedthechance.Wewillprobablyhavetoforceourselvestowakenourcuriosityanddiscontentandkeepthemawake.Howshouldyoustart?Modestly,soasnottobecomediscouraged.Ithinkofonefriendwhocouldn'tarrangeflowerstosatisfyherself.Shewascuriousabouthowtheexpertsdidit.Nowsheisoneoftheexperts,writingbooksonflowerarrangement.Onewaytobeginistoansweryourownexcuses.Youhaven'tanyspecialability?Mostpeopledon't;thereareonlyafewgeniuses.Youhaven'tanytime?That'sgood,becauseit'salwaysthepeoplewithnotimewhogetthingsdone.HarrietStowe,motherofsix,wrotepartsofUncleTom'sCabinwhilecooking.You'retooold?RememberthatThomasCostainwas57whenhepublishedhisfirstnovel,andthatGrandmaMosesshowedherfirstpictureswhenshewas78.Howeveryoustart,rememberthereisnobettertimetostartthanrightnow,foryou'llneverbemorealivethanyouareatthismoment.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。5．InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto________．A．proposeadefinitionB．makeacomparisonC．reachaconclusionD．presentanargument答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Afteryearsofobservinghumannature...Thetwobelongtogether.(经过多年对人性的观察，我认为成就卓越的人和平庸之人的区别在于两种品质：好奇心和不满足。我从未见过一个杰出的人缺乏这两种品质。我从未见过一个普通人同时拥有这两者。这两者是一体的。)”结合下文对好奇心和不满足这两个因素对成功的作用可推知，作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。故选D。6．Whatcanyoudotorecapturecuriosityanddiscontent?A．Observetheunknownaroundyou.B．Developaquestioningmind.C．Leadalifeofadventure.D．Followthefashion.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“LikeGalileo...‘Why?Why?Why？’”以及第四段中的“Thegreatman...Wejustfollowthecrowd.”可知，你可以通过培养一个善于提问的头脑，来重新获得好奇心和不满足。故选B。7．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs6and7?A．Gainingsuccesshelpsyoubecomeanexpert.B．Thegeniustendstogetthingsdonecreatively.C．Lackoftalentandtimeisnoreasonfortakingnoaction.D．Youshouldremainmodestwhenapproachingperfection.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Nowsheisoneoftheexperts,writingbooksonflowerarrangement.”和倒数第二段中的“Youhaven'tanyspecialability...thepeoplewithnotimewhogetthingsdone.”以及列举了ThomasCostain(托马斯·科斯塔)在57岁时出版了他的第一部小说，GrandmaMoses(摩西奶奶)在78岁时展示了她的第一批照片可推知，这两段想告诉我们“缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由”。故选C。8．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．CuriousMindsNeverFeelContentedB．ReflectionsonHumanNatureC．TheKeystoAchievementD．NeverTooLatetoLearn答案：C解析：标题判断题。本文主要论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足，由此可知，C项(成就的关键)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。(2025·重庆市西南大学附属中学高三阶段性检测(二))WhenChloeChongthinksbacktoherchildhood,her6­year­oldselfwouldneverhavedaredtodreamshewouldbewheresheisnow.Thisweekendthe16­year­oldwillbecompetingattheUnitedStatesGrandPrixinAustin,Texas,aspartoftheF1Academysupportrace.Chloe'sdecisiontostartracingcameaboutwhenshewasasyoungasfive.Shealwayswantedtogointoacar,andthateventuallyhappenedwhenshebeggedandbeggedherparents,whoweren'tintoracing,really.“WeoncewatchedF1togetherandthatbroughtaboutapassionforsportinme，”recalledChloe.ChloedidthinkaboutgoingstraightintotheF1bigleague,butherdadremindedherofthehardworkneededalongtheway.That'showshestartedinkarting(卡丁车运动)onthetrackwhereLewisHamilton,herhero,began,asallchampionsdo.Butmovingfromkartingtoracingcarshasbeenamassiveadjustment.Theformerbuildstherhythmandtheovertakingwhilethere'sjustawholedifferentlevelofdetailaboutracingcars,whichcausesnotonlyalotmoreanalysisbutmorecommunicationswiththeengineerandtheteam.Nevertheless,morestrategyiswhatChloethinksthebiggestadjustmentforherandprobablythehardestpartthathastakenthemosttime.At16,ChloeistooyoungtolegallydriveonBritishroadsbuthasbeenflyingalongat150mphinherF1Academycaronthetrackthisyear.Chloe'saimsfortheseasonwerejusttocompleteraces,butafterfinishingsixthinherfirstraceshecreatedareallyprogressivemomentthatwilllivewithherforever.TheraceinTexasthisweekendistheonlysupportracefortheF1Academy,butthatwillchangefromnextyearwiththeall­femalejuniorcategoryholdingallitsroundsassupportracesforit.Chloefeelsthesetypesofmovesinmotorsportareamassivestepforwardforwomen,especiallyintermsofbudgets,which,shethinks,isoneofthebiggestchallenges.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了16岁女孩ChloeChong(克洛依·钟)实现了自己的赛车梦，她即将参加得克萨斯州的F1学院支持赛。9．WhatcausedChloetostartracing?A．Herfather'spermission.B．Herparents'passion.C．Awakeneddesireinher.D．LewisHamilton'sencouragement.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Chloe'sdecision...whoweren'tintoracing,really.”可知，Chloe在5岁时喜欢上赛车，她一直想要加入赛车运动，由此可推知，是Chloe自己内心的渴望促使她开始赛车运动。故选C。10．WhatisthemostdifficultforChloefromkartingtoracingcars?A．Devotingmosttime.B．Navigatingastrategy­centeredshift.C．Beingfasterandmorerhythmic.D．Makinganalysisandcommunications.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nevertheless,morestrategy...thathastakenthemosttime.(然而，更多的策略是克洛依认为对她来说最大的调整，也可能是耗时最多的最困难的部分。)”可知，Chloe从卡丁车运动转向赛车的最大困难在于：她需要适应以策略为中心的转变。故选B。11．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesChloe?A．Determinedanddevoted.B．Generousandadventurous.C．Economicalandpractical.D．Responsibleandagreeable.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Chloe'sdecision...whoweren'tintoracing,really.”可知，Chloe在5岁时就决定开始赛车，并且为了实现这一愿望，她不断地恳求父母，最终得偿所愿，由此可推知，她是一个有决心的人；根据第二段中的“Chloedidthinkabout...asallchampionsdo.”和倒数第二段中的“At16,Chloeistooyoung...onthetrackthisyear.”可知，Chloe从5岁到16岁都在坚持自己的赛车梦想，尽管她因为年龄原因不能上路行驶，但她一直在赛道上练习驾驶。由此可推知，她是一个对赛车全心全意的人。故选A。12．WhatisChloe'sattitudetowardswomen'smotorsport?A．Realistic. B．Pessimistic.C．Idealistic. D．Optimistic.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Chloefeelsthesetypesofmoves...isoneofthebiggestchallenges.(克洛依认为，赛车运动中的这些行动对女性来说是一个巨大的进步，尤其是在预算方面，她认为这是最大的挑战之一。)”可推知，她对女性赛车运动持乐观的态度。故选D。Ⅱ应用文写作(2025·四川省名校联盟高三大联考)你校英语报面向高三学生举办征文活动，请你以“JourneytoAdulthood”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．高三对个人成长和发展的重要性；2．如何面对即将到来的毕业与独立的挑战。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。JourneytoAdulthood[精彩范文]JourneytoAdulthoodSenioryearofhighschoolisavitaltimeforpersonalgrowthanddevelopment.Itisaperiodwhenwetransitionfromteenagerstoyoungadults.Thisyearteachesustheimportanceofresponsibilityandtimemanagement.Facingacademicchallenges,suchaspreparingforcollegeentranceexams,requiresdedicationandhardwork.Additionally,webegintoexperiencemoreindependence,makingdecisionsaboutourfuture.Weshouldthinkcriticallyaboutourgoalsandaspirations.Balancingstudieswithpersonallifecanbetough,butithelpsusbecomemorematureandself­reliant.Theseexperiencesshapeusintostrongerindividuals,readyforthenextstageoflife.Ⅲ读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2025·吉林省长春市朝阳区长春外国语学校高三期中)Ihadbeenswimmingcompetitivelyforfiveyearsbutaftersuchalongtime,Iwasreadytoquit.IwasoftentheonlyAfricanAmericanattheswimmingcompetitionsandourteamcouldn'taffordgooduniforms.However,mynumber­onereasonforwantingtoquitwasthatIkeptreceiving“HonorableMentions(荣誉奖)”.Anyathleteknowsthatyoudon'twanttohaveabookshelffullof“HonorableMentions”，whichyougetjustbecauseyoushowedup.Onesummer'sday,thedaybeforeabigswimmeeting,IdecidedtotellmygrandmathatIwasquittingtheswimteam.WhenItoldher,shelookedmeintheeyeandsaid,“Baby,rememberthesewords‘Quittersneverwinandwinnersneverquit.’Yourgrandmotherdidn'traiselosersorquitters.Yougotothatmeetingtomorrow,andyouswimlikeyouareagrandchildofmine,youhear？”Iwastooafraidtosayanythingbut“Yes,ma'am.”Thenextdaywearrivedattheswimmeetinglate,missingmygroupofswimmersinthe15/16agegroup.MycoachinsistedIshouldbeallowedtoswimwiththeoldergroup.Iknewsheexpectedmetotakepart.AsImountedtheboard,alltheothergirlslookedatme.Iquicklynoticedthatthesegirlswereallheretodojustonething—beatme.Allofasudden,mygrandma'swordsranginmyhead,“Quittersneverwinandwinnersneverquit.Youswimlikeyouareagrandchildofmine.”“Yes,Grandma,IwillswimlikeIamagrandchildofyours，”Isaidtomyself.注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Thematchbegan!IswamharderthanIhadeverswumbefore.It