备考2027中考英语一轮复习之七八年级核心考点精讲精练专题十 动词时态

七八年级核心考点精讲精练专题十动词时态（二）：现在进行、过去进行、现在完成【教材出处】七上Unit6Fantasticfriends：现在进行时（描述此刻正在进行的动作）八上Module7“Afamousstory”：过去进行时（描述过去某时刻正在发生的动作）八上Module8“Accidents”：过去进行时与when/while的搭配使用八下Unit2Growingpainsandgains：现在完成时（表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响）八下Unit6Livingwithnature：现在完成时（表示过去开始持续到现在的动作）八上Module2“Myhometownandmycountry”：瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换八下Unit3Whatmakesagreatteam?：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别【考点精讲】考点一现在进行时一、基本概念与用法现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行或现阶段持续进行的动作。此刻正在进行（标志词：now,Look!,Listen!）Sheisreadingabooknow.Listen!Thebirdsaresinginginthetree.现阶段持续进行（近期一段时间，不一定此刻正在做）Iamstudyingfortheexamthesedays.Wearepreparingfortheschoolsportsmeetingthismonth.位移动词表计划、即将发生（go/come/leave/arrive/start/fly/travel等）WeareleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Thetrainisarrivinginfiveminutes.与always连用，带主观情感（赞扬、厌烦、不满）Sheisalwayshelpingothers.（赞扬）Heisalwaystalkinginclass.（厌烦）二、谓语动词结构句式结构例句肯定句主语+am/is/are+现在分词Sheisreadingabook.否定句主语+am/is/are+not+现在分词Sheisn’treadingabook.一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词？Isshereadingabook?肯定回答Yes,主语+am/is/are.Yes,sheis.否定回答No,主语+am/is/are+not.No,sheisn’t.三、现在分词变化规则变化情况规则例词一般动词直接加-ingread→reading；play→playing不发音e结尾去e加-ingwrite→writing；dance→dancing重读闭音节，末尾单辅音双写末尾辅音+ingswim→swimming；run→runningie结尾变ie为y，再加-inglie→lying；die→dying四、现在进行时vs一般现在时对比项现在进行时一般现在时核心含义此刻/现阶段正在做经常性、习惯性动作、客观真理标志性词now,atthemoment,thesedays,Look!,Listen!often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday例句Sheisreadingnow.（此刻正在看书）Shereadseveryday.（日常习惯）考点二过去进行时一、基本概念与用法表示过去某个具体时刻/时间段正在发生的动作。过去某一时刻正在进行IwaswatchingTVat8:00lastnight.Shewascookingatthattime.过去某一段时长持续进行Hewaswritingaletterfrom8:00to9:00lastnight.Theywerebuildinganewschoolatthistimelastyear.过去两个长动作同步进行WhileIwasreading,mysisterwassinging.二、谓语动词结构句式结构例句肯定句主语+was/were+现在分词Iwasreadingat8:00lastnight.否定句主语+was/were+not+现在分词Iwasn’treadingat8:00lastnight.一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+现在分词？Wereyoureadingat8:00lastnight?肯定回答Yes,主语+was/were.Yes,Iwas.否定回答No,主语+was/were+not.No,Iwasn’t.三、过去进行时vs一般过去时对比项过去进行时一般过去时含义过去某刻正在做（动作未完成）过去完整做完（动作已结束）例句Iwasreadingat8:00lastnight.（八点当时正在看书）Ireadabooklastnight.（昨晚完整看完一本书）例句ShewaswashingthedisheswhenIcamein.（进门瞬间她正在洗碗）Shewashedthedishesafterdinner.（饭后完成洗碗）四、when/while搭配规则when：后可接一般过去时（短暂动作）或过去进行时（长动作）；while：后只能接过去进行时（持续长动作）。句式结构例句说明when+一般过去时（短动作）Iwasreadingwhenhecamein.came是瞬间短动作when+过去进行时（双长动作）ShewascookingwhenIwaswatchingTV.两个动作同步持续while+过去进行时（长动作）WhileIwasreading,hecamein.reading为持续长动作while+两个过去进行时WhileIwasreading,mysisterwassinging.两者同步持续进行总结：when可长可短；while只接长动作（进行时）。拓展：was/weregoingto表过去将来was/weregoingto+动词原形，表示过去计划打算做，但最终未实现。Shewasgoingtovisitheraunt,butshechangedhermind.Theyweregoingtobuildanewschoolhere,buttheydidn’t.考点三现在完成时一、三大核心用法现在完成时描述过去发生，但和现在紧密关联的动作，分三类：已完成用法：动作过去做完，留下当下结果/影响Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.（写完了，现在可以休息）Shehasjustleft.（刚走，人现在不在）未完成用法：过去启动，持续到现在，可能继续延续Ihavelivedherefor10years.（十年前住到现在）ShehasstudiedEnglishsince2020.（2020年学到现在）经历用法：截至目前为止的人生经历IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.Shehasnevereatensushi.二、谓语动词结构句式结构例句肯定句主语+have/has+过去分词Ihavefinishedmyhomework.否定句主语+have/has+not+过去分词Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework.一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+过去分词？Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?肯定回答Yes,主语+have/has.Yes,Ihave.否定回答No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.No,Ihaven’t.三、常用时间标志词词汇使用场景位置说明already肯定句助动词后或句末yet否定/疑问句只放句末just肯定句have/has与过去分词中间ever疑问句have/has与过去分词中间never否定含义have/has与过去分词中间before表从前句末since+时间点自从……后接年份、日期、一般过去时从句for+时间段持续多久后接数字+years/days等sofar/recently/inthepastfewyears到目前为止、最近、近几年句首或句末例句：Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.Shehasn’tfinishedherworkyet.Hehasjustarrived.IhaveneverbeentoShanghai.Wehavelivedheresince2020.TheyhavestudiedEnglishforfiveyears.四、havebeento/havegoneto/havebeenin辨析短语含义例句补充限制havebeento去过某地（现已返回）IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.可搭配次数twice/threetimeshavegoneto去了某地（人还未回来）ShehasgonetoBeijing.不能搭配次数havebeenin在某地持续待了多久HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.后接for+时间段五、瞬间动词转换延续性动词瞬间动词动作一瞬结束，不能与for/since时间段连用，需替换为延续状态：瞬间动词对应延续表达中文释义buyhavehad购买→拥有borrow/lendhavekept借→持有leavehavebeenaway(from)离开→不在本地arrive/come/get/gohavebeenin/at到达/前往→身处某地diehavebeendead去世→离世状态joinhavebeenin/havebeenamemberof加入→成为成员begin/starthavebeenon开始→正在进行finish/endhavebeenover结束→已落幕returnhavebeenback返回→已回来正误对比：

❌Ihaveboughtthisbookforthreeyears.

✅Ihavehadthisbookforthreeyears.❌Hehasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.

✅Hehasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears./Hehasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.六、现在完成时vs一般过去时对比项现在完成时一般过去时核心侧重过去动作对现在的影响、持续到现在单纯陈述过去事实，和当下无关时间标志already,yet,just,ever,never,since,for,sofar,recentlyyesterday,lastnight,…ago,in2020,justnow例句Ihaveseenthefilm.（我看过，知道剧情）Isawthefilmyesterday.（只说明昨天看了，不提现在）例句Shehaslivedheresince2018.（至今仍居住）Shelivedherein2018.（当年住过，现在不一定）拓展：现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing表示从过去持续到现在，强调动作不间断、持续很久，教材拓展了解：Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Shehasbeenreadingthisbooksincemorning.【高频失分点】失分点1现在分词双写判断错误❌Sheisswimingnow.

✅Sheisswimmingnow.

规则：重读闭音节+末尾仅1个辅音字母，双写辅音再加-ing；高频词：swim,run,shop,begin。失分点2when与while混用❌Whilehecamein,Iwasreading.（came是短暂动作，不能用while）

✅Whenhecamein,Iwasreading.两个长动作同步进行时，while优先：

✅WhileIwasreading,hewassinging.失分点3since/for混淆❌Ihavelivedherefor2020.

✅Ihavelivedheresince2020.（since+时间点）❌Ihavelivedheresincethreeyears.

✅Ihavelivedhereforthreeyears.（for+时间段）失分点4瞬间动词搭配for/since❌Hehasdiedforthreeyears.

✅Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.❌Ihaveborrowedthisbookforaweek.

✅Ihavekeptthisbookforaweek.失分点5havebeento/havegoneto语境混淆—Whereisyourfather?

❌HehasbeentoShanghai.（人不在现场，不能用beento）

✅HehasgonetoShanghai.【九年级衔接预览】九年级Module3“Pastpassingby”学习过去完成时（had+过去分词），表示“过去的过去”。该时态以现在完成时结构为基础，需要熟练掌握现在完成时结构、过去分词变形、与一般过去时区分。九年级阅读长难句会大量混合现在完成时、过去进行时复合句，需理清时态逻辑。三级过关精练过关一・基础达标一、用所给动词适当形式填空Look!Thechildren________(play)footballontheplayground.She________(watch)TVat8:00lastnight.I________(finish)myhomeworkalready.They________(live)inthiscitysince2020.Whilewe________(have)dinner,thephonerang.She________(notsee)thefilmyet.He________(be)toBeijingthreetimes.I________(read)abookwhenhecamein.Mysister________(be)illforthreedays.Listen!Someone________(knock)atthedoor.二、单项选择—Whereisyourmother?

—She________tothesupermarket.

A.hasbeen B.hasgone C.goes D.wentI________thisbookfortwoweeks.

A.havebought B.havehad C.bought D.had—________youever________totheGreatWall?

—Yes,Ihave.

A.Have;been B.Have;gone C.Did;go D.Do;goShe________TVwhenhermothercamehome.

A.iswatching B.waswatching C.watched D.haswatchedThey________inthisschoolsince2018.

A.study B.studied C.havestudied D.willstudyListen!Thebaby________.

A.cry B.cries C.iscrying D.hascriedI________myhomeworkyet.I’llfinishitsoon.

A.don’tfinish B.didn’tfinish C.haven’tfinished D.won’tfinishWhileI________tomusic,mybrotherwasplayinggames.

A.listen B.listened C.waslistening D.havelistenedHe________inLondonforfiveyears,butnowhelivesinNewYork.

A.lives B.lived C.haslived D.willlive—Whereisyourfather?

—He________toBeijing.He________theretwice.

A.hasbeen;hasgone B.hasgone;hasbeen

C.hasgone;hasgone D.hasbeen;hasbeen过关二・能力提升三、用所给动词适当形式填空He________(notfinish)hisworkyet.She________(wait)forthebusat8:00yesterdaymorning.I________(know)himfortenyears.They________(build)anewschoolhereatthistimelastyear.Mygrandfather________(die)fortenyears.四、单项选择—Icalledyouat7:00lastnight,butnobodyanswered.

—Oh,I________ashoweratthattime.

A.take B.took C.wastaking D.havetakenMyuncle________thePartyin2019.He________aPartymemberforfiveyears.

A.joined;hasbeen B.hasjoined;hasbeen

C.joined;was D.hasjoined;was—________you________yourhomeworkyet?

—Notyet.

A.Do;finish B.Did;finish C.Have;finished D.Are;finishingShe________totheparkeverySundaywhenshewasyoung.

A.goes B.went C.hasgone D.wasgoingI________alotofphotosduringmytriptoBeijinglastsummer.

A.take B.took C.havetaken D.wastakingHe________toschoolwhenitbegantorain.

A.walks B.walked C.waswalking D.haswalkedWe________eachothersincewewereinprimaryschool.

A.know B.knew C.haveknown D.willknowLookatthosedarkclouds.It________rain.

A.will B.isgoingto C.would D.shall—________you________tothenewmuseumyet?

—Yes,Ihave.I________therelastweek.

A.Have;been;went B.Have;gone;went

C.Did;go;havebeen D.Have;been;havebeenTheoldman________forthreeyears.Weallmisshim.

A.hasdied B.died C.hasbeendead D.wasdead过关三・综合突破短文动词变形填空I________36(live)inthissmalltownsinceIwasborn.I________37(know)everyonehere.Myfamily________38(move)herein2010.LastSunday,I________39(walk)intheparkwhenI________40(meet)myoldfriendLiMing.I________41(notsee)himforfiveyears.He________42(change)alot.Whilewe________43(talk),it________44(begin)torain.We________45(have)tosaygoodbye.I________46(live)herefor15years,andI________47(neverthink)aboutleaving.Thistown________48(alwaysbe)myhome.参考答案与解析过关一・基础达标一、动词填空areplaying解析：Look!提示此刻正在进行，现在进行时waswatching解析：at8:00lastnight过去具体时刻，过去进行时havefinished解析：already搭配现在完成时，表已完成havelived解析：since+年份，主句用现在完成时werehaving解析：while后接过去进行时，长动作hasn’tseen解析：yet用于否定句，现在完成时hasbeen解析：threetimes表经历，havebeentowasreading解析：when从句短动作用一般过去，主句长动作用过去进行hasbeendead解析：for+时间段，die瞬间动词改为bedeadisknocking解析：Listen!此刻正在发生，现在进行时二、单项选择B解析：人不在现场，hasgoneto去了未回；hasbeento去过已回B解析：fortwoweeks时间段，buy瞬间动词改为havehadA解析：ever疑问句搭配havebeento，询问经历B解析：过去某个瞬间正在做，过去进行时waswatchingC解析：since2018，现在完成时havestudiedC解析：Listen!现在进