2026年河南考研英语(真题)试卷带答案

-2026年河南考研英语(真题)试卷带答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）Iwouldratheryou______homenow,foritisgettinglate.（）AgoBwentChavegoneDwillgo答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你现在就回家，因为天晚了。"wouldrather"后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。若表示与现在或将来事实相反，用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。此处指现在（now），故用一般过去时went。故选B。（2）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是主句的主语'thesouthfootofthemountain'。山脚是被看（seen），而不是主动看（seeing），因此过去分词Seen表被动和完成，符合语境。句意：从塔顶看去，山的南麓是一片树的海洋。（3）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextMonday.（）AbepostponedBispostponedCwaspostponedDwillbepostponed答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气和被动语态。动词suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。会议是被推迟，所以需要用被动语态"(should)bepostponed"，should省略后即为bepostponed。故选A。（4）Itishightimethatwe______measurestoprotecttheenvironment.（）AtakeBtookCwilltakeDhavetaken答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在Itis(high/about)timethat...句型中，that从句通常使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式（表示对现在的虚拟）或should+动词原形（should不可省略）。选项中只有took符合过去式的用法。句意：是我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。故选B。（5）Selectthewordthatcorrectlyfitstheblank:"Despitehis____efforts,hefailedtopasstheexambecausehedidn'tunderstandthebasicconcepts."（）AsincereBdiligentClazyDcareless答案：B解析：句中有转折词Despite（尽管），表示前后语义相反。后半句说他没通过考试是因为不懂基本概念，前半句应表达他付出了努力。B项diligent意为“勤奋的”，符合“尽管很努力但结果不好”的逻辑。A项sincere（真诚的）修饰努力不太恰当，C和D项均为负面词汇，与Despite构成的转折逻辑冲突。（6）Itisnouse______withhimaboutthismatter;heistoostubborn.（）AtoargueBarguingCargueDargued答案：B解析：考查固定句型。"Itisnousedoingsth."是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”，其中it是形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。类似的表达还有"Itisnogooddoingsth."。故选arguing。选B。（7）Itisnouse______withhimaboutthismatter;heistoostubborn.（）AtoargueBarguingCargueDargued答案：B解析：本题考查固定句型。'Itisnousedoingsth.'是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”，其中it是形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。类似的表达还有'Itisnogooddoingsth.'。句意：和他争论这件事是没有用的，他太固执了。故选B。（8）Itisessentialthateverystudent______theexaminationrulescarefullybeforethetestbegins.（）AreadsBreadCwillreadDhasread答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。在Itisessential/necessary/important/vital...that...句型中，that引导的主语从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气，结构为“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略。因此选read。（9）Themanager,aswellashisassistants,______toattendthemeetingtomorrow.（）AisBareCwasDwere答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致。当主语后跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,except,but,including等短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应与这些短语前面的主语保持一致。本题中主语是Themanager（单数），因此谓语动词应用单数形式。又因时间状语为tomorrow，表示将来，但在英语中常用一般现在时表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，且选项中无willbe等将来时态，故选择一般现在时的单数形式is。（10）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：从塔顶看去，山的南麓是一片树的海洋。句子的主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"。逻辑上，山脚是被看的对象，而不是发出“看”这个动作的主体。因此，see与主语之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词Seen作状表被动。如果是Seeing，则隐含主语是人，与句意不符。故选B。（11）Iwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonthismatter.（）AthisBthatCitDone答案：C解析：考查固定搭配及代词用法。句意：如果你能就此事给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。在动词appreciate,hate,love,like,dependon等之后，如果接if或when引导的从句作宾语，通常需要先加形式宾语it，再接从句。即"appreciateitif..."是固定用法，it指代后面if引导的内容。故选C。（12）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"（山南麓），它与动词see之间是被动关系（山被看），因此应用过去分词Seen作状语，表示被动和完成。若选A，则主语必须是人。（13）____theweatherwasbad,westillwenthiking.（）AAlthoughBDespiteCInspiteDHowever答案：A解析：考查连词用法。空格后是一个完整的句子"theweatherwasbad"（主谓结构），因此需要连词引导让步状语从句。Although是连词，意为“虽然”。Despite和Inspiteof是介词，后接名词或动名词；However是副词，不能直接连接两个句子。句意：虽然天气不好，我们还是去徒步旅行了。因此选A。（14）Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.（）AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleaves答案：C解析：考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句使用一般现在时（arrive）表示将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意：当你到达车站时，火车已经开走了。故选C。（15）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：从塔顶看去，山的南麓是一片树的海洋。解析步骤：1.分析句子结构，逗号前是非谓语动词短语作状语，逻辑主语应与主句主语一致。2.主句主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"（山的南麓）。3.判断逻辑关系："see"（看）与"thesouthfootofthemountain"之间是被动关系，即“山被看”，而不是“山去看”。4.因此，应使用过去分词Seen表示被动和完成。5.选项A(Seeing)和D(Havingseen)表示主动关系；选项C(Tosee)通常表示目的或将来，且多为主动。6.因此，为B。（16）Thenumberofstudentsinourclass______50,andanumberofthem______fromthecountryside.（）Ais;areBare;isCis;isDare;are答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，中心词是number，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数；“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，意为“许多……”，相当于many，谓语动词用复数。第一空填is，第二空填are。因此选A。（17）HardlyhadIgothome______itbegantorainheavily.（）AthanBwhenCthenDafter答案：B解析：本题考查固定搭配和倒装句。"Hardly...when..."是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”，表示前一个动作刚发生后一个动作紧接着发生。当Hardly位于句首时，句子需部分倒装。Nosooner...than...也是类似含义的搭配，但本题用的是Hardly，故搭配when。故选B。（18）Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______nextmonth.（）AeffectBaffectCeffortDafford答案：A解析：本题考查固定搭配及词义辨析。"comeintoeffect"是固定短语，意为“生效、实施”。A项effect是名词，意为“效果、影响”；B项affect通常是动词，意为“影响”；C项effort意为“努力”；D项afford意为“买得起、承担得起”。根据句意“新政策将于下月生效”，应选A。（19）Hardly______thehousewhenitbegantorainheavily.（）AhadIenteredBIhadenteredCdidIenterDIentered答案：A解析：本题考查倒装句和时态。句意：我刚一进屋，天就开始下大雨了。当否定副词Hardly位于句首时，句子需要使用部分倒装，即把助动词提到主语之前。同时，"Hardly...when..."是固定搭配，表示“一……就……”，主句通常使用过去完成时，when引导的从句使用一般过去时。因此，主句应为"hadIentered"。故选A。（20）Heissuchagoodteacher____everyonelikeshim.（）AthatBwhichCwhoDas答案：A解析：本题考查such...that...结果状语从句句型。such+a/an+adj.+n.+that...意为“如此……以至于……”。此处that引导结果状语从句，不充当成分。若选as则构成定语从句，但as需在从句中充当成分（如likes的宾语），而这里everyonelikeshim结构完整，故用that。选A。（21）Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.（）AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案：C解析：考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句使用一般现在时（arrive），主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。句意：当你到达车站时，火车已经开走了。故选C。（22）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCHavingseenDTosee答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是主句的主语'thesouthfootofthemountain'。山脚是被看（seen），而不是主动去看（seeing），因此见与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词Seen作状表被动。句意：从塔顶看去，山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。（23）Itisessentialthateverystudent______thesafetyregulationsbeforeenteringthelaboratory.（）AknowsBknewCknowDhasknown答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在'Itisessential/important/necessary/vitalthat...'句型中，that引导的主语从句需使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用'(should)+动词原形'，其中should可以省略。因此，此处应填know。（24）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语是thesouthfootofthemountain，它与动词see之间是被动关系（山脚被看），因此应使用过去分词Seen表被动和完成。若选ASeeing，则暗示主语是人，逻辑不通。故选B。（25）Notonly______interestedinfootballbutalso______anactiveplayer.（）Aheis;heisBishe;heisCheis;isheDishe;ishe答案：B解析：考查倒装句。当Notonly...butalso...连接两个分句，且Notonly位于句首时，Notonly引导的分句需要使用部分倒装（即把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语前），而butalso引导的分句保持正常语序。第一空需倒装，用ishe；第二空正常语序，用heis。选B。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Bytheendofnextmonth,they______(complete)theconstructionofthenewlibrary.答案：willhavecompleted解析：考查将来完成时。时间状语"Bytheendofnextmonth"（到下个月底为止）通常与将来完成时连用，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为willhave+过去分词，故填willhavecompleted。（2）Thenumberofstudentsinourschool______(be)increasingyearbyyear.答案：is解析：考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词用单数形式；而“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。此处指学生的数量在增加，故用单数is。（3）Thebook,______coverisblue,belongstomybrother.答案：whose解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thebook。从句中cover与book之间存在所属关系（即书的封面），因此需要使用表示所属关系的关系代词whose。故填whose。（4）Theheavyrainpreventedusfrom______(go)outforapicnic.答案：going解析：考查固定搭配。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，介词from后接动词的-ing形式，故填going。（5）Itisessentialthateverystudent______(arrive)ontimefortheexam.答案：(should)arrive解析：考查虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用。在Itisessential/necessary/importantthat...句型中，that引导的主语从句谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”结构，should可以省略。故填(should)arrive或arrive。（6）Theteachersuggestedthatthestudents______(finish)theirhomeworkbeforedinner.答案：(should)finish解析：考查虚拟语气。在suggest,advise,order,demand等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。故填(should)finish或finish。（7）HardlyhadIarrivedatthestation____thetrainstarted.答案：when解析：倒装句与固定搭配Hardly...when...解析：本句考查的是“Hardly...when...”句型，意为“一……就……”。当否定副词Hardly置于句首时，句子需要部分倒装，即把助动词had提到主语I之前。该句型的标准结构为：Hardly+had+主语+done(过去分词)...when+主语+did(一般过去时)...与之类似的句型还有：-Nosooner...than...（一……就……）-Scarcely...when...（一……就……）根据句意和结构，此处应填连词when。（8）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案：arguing解析：考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。（9）Itisessentialthateverystudent______(arrive)ontimefortheexam.答案：arrive解析：考查虚拟语气。在Itisessential/necessary/importantthat...句型中，that从句需使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略。（10）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter;heistoostubborn.答案：arguing解析：固定句型Itisnousedoingsth.解析：“Itisnouse/gooddoingsomething”是英语中的常用固定句型，意为“做某事是没有用的/没有好处的”。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。因此，括号内的动词argue需要变为动名词形式arguing。注意去e加ing。（11）Thenumberofstudentsinourschool______(be)increasingyearbyyear.答案：is解析：考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，中心词是number，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词应用单数形式。注意区分“Anumberof+复数名词”，后者谓语用复数。（12）Thenumberofstudentsinourschool______(be)increasingrapidlyinrecentyears.答案：hasbeen解析：主谓一致与时态。解析：1.主谓一致：`Thenumberof+复数名词`作主语时，中心词是Number，谓语动词用单数；而`Anumberof+复数名词`作主语时，意为“许多”，谓语动词用复数。本题是Thenumber，故谓语用单数。2.时态：时间状语`inrecentyears`（在最近几年）通常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，表示从过去持续到现在并可能继续下去的动作或状态。结合语境“学生数量一直在快速增长”，使用现在完成进行时或现在完成时均可，但考虑到be动词本身的状态性，常用`hasbeen`(increasing是分词作表语或构成进行时)。若视为现在完成进行时结构`hasbeenincreasing`，则填空处为`hasbeen`。（13）Bythetimeyougettotheairport,theplane______(take)off.答案：willhavetaken解析：考查将来完成时。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。故填willhavetaken。（14）Thebook,______coverisblue,belongstomybrother.答案：whose解析：定语从句中的关系代词。解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是`Thebook`。从句部分是`______coverisblue`。分析从句结构：`cover`（封面）是名词，且在从句中作主语。`cover`与先行词`Thebook`之间存在所属关系，即“书的封面”。在定语从句中，表示“……的”这一所属关系的关系代词是`whose`。`whose`既可以指人，也可以指物。因此，填入`whose`，构成`whosecoverisblue`（它的封面是蓝色的），修饰`Thebook`。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）Theconceptof"happiness"hasbeendebatedbyphilosophersforcenturies.Somearguethathappinessisastateofmind,whileothersbelieveitdependsonexternalcircumstances.Recentstudiessuggestthatgeneticsplayasignificantrole,accountingforabout50%ofourhappinesslevels.Theremaining50%isinfluencedbyouractionsandenvironment.Thismeanswehavemorecontroloverourhappinessthanwemightthink.Practicinggratitude,maintainingsocialconnections,andengaginginmeaningfulactivitiesareprovenwaysto1______well-being.Itisnotjustaboutavoidingpain,butalsoaboutfindingpurpose.Manypeoplemistakenlybelievethatwealthguaranteeshappiness.However,researchshowsthatoncebasicneedsaremet,additionalincomehasa2______effectonlong-termsatisfaction.Insteadofchasingmaterialgoods,expertsrecommendfocusingonexperiencesandrelationships.Theseelementsprovidelastingjoyandhelpbuildresilienceagainstlife'schallenges.Therefore,cultivatingapositivemindsetis3______forafulfillinglife.答案：1.enhance2.diminishing3.essential解析：1.enhance：根据上下文，实践感恩、保持社交联系等行为是为了“提升”幸福感。enhance意为“增强、提高”，符合语境。2.diminishing：句意指出，一旦基本需求得到满足，额外的收入对长期满意度的影响是“递减的”。diminishingeffect是固定搭配，意为“递减效应”，符合经济学和心理学常识。3.essential：句意总结，培养积极的心态对于充实的生活是“必不可少的”。essential意为“必要的、本质的”，符合逻辑。（2）Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeaglobalconcern.Climatechange,pollution,andlossofbiodiversityareseriousissuesthataffecteveryone.Governmentsandorganizationsareworkingtogethertofindsolutions.Onemajorstepisreducingcarbonemissions.Thiscanbeachievedbyusingrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower.Thesesourcesarecleanandsustainable,unlikefossilfuelswhichproduceharmfulgases.Individualscanalsoplayarole.Simpleactionslikerecycling,savingwater,andusingpublictransportationcanmakeasignificant1______.Moreover,plantingtreesisaneffectivewaytoabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.Treesactasthelungsoftheearth,providingoxygenandimprovingairquality.Educationisanothercrucialaspect.Byraisingawareness,wecanencouragemorepeopletoadopteco-friendlylifestyles.Schoolsshouldteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentfromayoungage.Ifeveryonecontributes,wecancreateahealthierplanetforfuturegenerations.However,timeisrunningout.Weneedtotakeimmediateactionbeforethedamagebecomes2______.Thecostofinactionisfarhigherthanthecostofprevention.Therefore,itisourresponsibilitytoprotecttheearth.Wemustworktogethertoensureasustainablefuture.Everysmallstepcounts.Let'sstarttodayandmakea3______.Theearthisouronlyhome,anditdeservesour4______.Bycaringfornature,weareactuallycaringforourselves.Therelationshipbetweenhumansandnatureis5______.Wedependonnatureforsurvival,sowemustrespectandprotectit.答案：1.difference2.irreversible3.change4.care5.interconnected解析：本文探讨了环境保护的重要性及个人和社会应采取的措施。1.difference：makeadifference是固定搭配，意为‘产生影响’、‘起作用’。句意为‘简单的行动能产生重大影响’。2.irreversible：句意为‘在损害变得不可逆转之前采取紧急行动’。irreversible意为‘不可逆的’。3.change：makeachange意为‘做出改变’。呼应前文的采取行动。4.care：句意为‘地球是我们唯一的家园，它值得我们的关怀’。5.interconnected：句意为‘人类与自然的关系是相互联系的’。后文提到我们依赖自然生存，证明了这种紧密联系。（3）Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,stresshasbecomeacommonproblemformanypeople.However,notallstressisbad.Somestresscanactuallybe1______becauseithelpsusstayalertandmotivated.Thekeyistomanageiteffectively.Whenyoufeelstressed,yourbodyproduceshormoneslikeadrenaline.Thisisknownasthe"fightorflight"response.Itpreparesyourbodytodealwith2______.Insmalldoses,thisreactioncanimproveyourperformance.Forexample,alittlenervousnessbeforeaspeechcanhelpyouspeakmore3______.However,chronic(长期的)stresscanbeharmful.Itcanleadtohealthproblemssuchashighbloodpressure,heartdisease,andanxiety.To4______stress,expertssuggestseveralmethods.First,regularexerciseisveryeffective.Ithelpsburnoffexcessenergyandreleasesendorphins,whichmakeyoufeelhappy.Second,gettingenoughsleepis5______.Lackofsleepmakesithardertocopewithstress.Third,talkingtofriendsorfamilycanprovideemotional6______.Finally,learningtosay"no"isimportant.Manypeoplefeelstressedbecausetheytakeontoomany7______.Bysettingboundaries,youcanprotectyourtimeandenergy.Remember,managingstressisnotabouteliminatingitcompletely,butaboutfindinga8______thatworksforyou.Ifstressbecomesunmanageable,seekingprofessionalhelpisalwaysagood9______.Inconclusion,whilestressisunavoidable,wecanlearntolivewithitinahealthyway.Withtheright10______,wecanturnstressintoapositiveforceinourlives.答案：1.beneficial2.danger3.clearly4.reduce5.essential6.support7.responsibilities8.balance9.idea10.strategies解析：本文是一篇说明文，讨论了压力的双面性以及如何有效管理压力。1.beneficial:根据后文“helpsusstayalert”，说明有些压力是“有益的”。2.danger:“fightorflight”反应是为了应对“危险”而准备的生理机制。3.clearly:适度的紧张能让演讲者说得更“清晰”。4.reduce:面对有害的压力，我们需要“减少”它。5.essential:充足的睡眠对于应对压力是“至关重要的”。6.support:与亲友交谈可以提供情感“支持”。7.responsibilities:承担太多的“责任”是导致压力的原因之一。8.balance:管理压力不是完全消除，而是找到适合自己的“平衡点”。9.idea:寻求专业帮助是一个好“主意/选择”。10.strategies:使用正确的“策略”，我们可以将压力转化为积极力量。（4）ArtificialIntelligence(AI)istransformingvariousindustries.Fromhealthcaretofinance,AItechnologiesarebeingappliedtosolvecomplexproblems.Inhealthcare,AIcanassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesmoreaccuratelyandquickly.Infinance,AIalgorithmscandetectfraudulenttransactionsandpredictmarkettrends.However,therapiddevelopmentofAIalsoraisesethicalconcerns.Onemajorissueisjobdisplacement.Asmachinesbecomemorecapable,theymayreplacehumansincertainjobs.Anotherconcernisprivacy.AIsystemsoftenrequirelargeamountsofdata,whichmayincludepersonalinformation.Ensuringdatasecurityiscrucial.Despitethesechallenges,AIofferstremendousopportunitiesforinnovationandefficiency.ItisimportantforsocietytoregulateAIdevelopmenttomaximizeitsbenefitswhileminimizingpotentialrisks.ArtificialIntelligence(AI)is1______variousindustries.Fromhealthcaretofinance,AItechnologiesarebeingappliedtosolvecomplexproblems.Inhealthcare,AIcanassistdoctorsin2______diseasesmoreaccuratelyandquickly.Infinance,AIalgorithmscandetect3______transactionsandpredictmarkettrends.However,therapiddevelopmentofAIalsoraises4______concerns.Onemajorissueisjobdisplacement.Asmachinesbecomemorecapable,theymayreplacehumansincertainjobs.Ensuringdata5______iscrucialwhendealingwithpersonalinformation.答案：1.transforming2.diagnosing3.fraudulent4.ethical5.security解析：1.transforming：句意为“人工智能正在改变各个行业”，transform意为“改变、转型”，符合语境。2.diagnosing：assistsb.indoingsth.是固定用法。在医疗领域，AI辅助医生“诊断”疾病，故填diagnosing。3.fraudulent：在金融领域，AI用于检测“欺诈性”交易，fraudulenttransactions为常见搭配。4.ethical：后文提到了失业和隐私问题，这些属于“伦理道德”方面的担忧，故填ethical。5.security：前文提到隐私和个人信息，因此确保数据“安全”至关重要，datasecurity为固定搭配。（5）Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeaglobalconcern.Pollutionaffectsnotonlyhumanhealthbutalsothe1______ofanimalsandplants.Oneofthemajorcausesofpollutionistheburningoffossilfuels,whichreleasesharmfulgasesintothe2______.Tocombatthis,manycountriesareturningtorenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpower.Thesesourcesarecleanand3______.Individualscanalsoplayarolebyreducingwasteandrecycling.Forexample,usingreusablebagsinsteadofplasticonescansignificantly4______theamountoftrash.Smallactions,whentakenbymanypeople,canmakeabig5______totheplanet.答案：1.survival2.atmosphere3.sustainable4.reduce5.difference解析：1.survival:句意为“污染不仅影响人类健康，还影响动植物的生存。”affectthesurvivalof...是合理搭配，指危及生命存续。2.atmosphere:句意为“污染的主要原因之一是燃烧化石燃料，这将有害气体释放到大气中。”releaseintotheatmosphere是标准表达。3.sustainable:句意为“这些能源清洁且可持续。”solarandwindpower的特点是可再生和可持续，故填sustainable。4.reduce:句意为“例如，使用可重复使用的袋子代替塑料袋可以显著减少垃圾量。”根据语境，目的是减少垃圾，故填reduce。5.difference:句意为“小行动，如果被许多人采取，就能对地球产生重大影响。”makeadifference是固定短语，意为产生影响、起作用，故填difference。（6）Technologyhaschangedourlivesinmanyways.WiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,wecangetinformation1______anywhereintheworld.However,toomuchrelianceontechnologymaycausesomeproblems.Forexample,manyyoungpeoplespendhoursplayingvideogames2______studyingordoingsports.Thisbadhabitcanleadtopoorhealthandlowgrades.Moreover,face-to-facecommunicationisbecominglesscommon.Peopleprefer3______messagesonlineratherthantalkinginperson.Althoughtechnologybringsconvenience,weshouldnot4______itsnegativeeffects.Weneedtofindabalancebetweenusingtechnologyandlivinga5______life.答案：1.from2.insteadof3.sending4.ignore5.healthy解析：1.考查介词用法。getinformationfrom...意为“从……获取信息”。2.考查短语辨析。insteadof意为“代替、而不是”，表示玩游戏取代了学习和运动。3.考查非谓语动词。preferdoingsth.表示更喜欢做某事，sendmessages发送信息。4.考查动词辨析。ignore意为“忽视”，句意为我们不应忽视其负面影响。5.考查形容词辨析。livingahealthylife意为“过健康的生活”，与前文的poorhealth形成对比。PartIVErrorCorrection(20points)（1）短文改错：请找出并改正下面短文中的错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Yesterday,Ivisitedmygrandparents.Theyliveinthecountryside.Theairthereisfreshandtheskyisblue.Ienjoyedthebeautyofnature.WhenIleft,theygavemesomefreshlypickedapple.Iwasveryhappy.答案：apple->apples解析：1.名词单复数错误：some（一些）后接可数名词时应用复数形式。apple是可数名词，故将`apple`改为`apples`。（2）找出短文中的10处错误并改正。DearTom,Howareyou?Iamwritingtotellyouaboutmyschoollife.Ihavemanyfriendshere.Theyareallfriendlytome.Weoftenplaythebasketballtogetherafterclass.Itisgoodforourhealthy.Yesterday,wehaveabasketballmatchagainstClassTwo.Weplayedveryhard.Finally,wewonthegame.Wewereveryexciting.Ourteacherpraisedus.Shesaidwedidgood.Ihopeyoucancometovisitourschool.Iamlookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.答案：playthebasketball->playbasketball,healthy->health,have->had,exciting->excited,good->well,hear->hearing解析：1.playthebasketball->playbasketball：球类运动前不加冠词。2.healthy->health：our是形容词性物主代词，后接名词health，healthy是形容词。3.have->had：时间状语是Yesterday，谓语动词应用一般过去时had。4.exciting->excited：主语We是人，感到兴奋应用excited；exciting修饰物。5.good->well：修饰动词did，应用副词well。6.hear->hearing：lookforwardtodoingsth.是固定搭配，to是介词，后接动名词。（3）短文改错：请找出并改正下列短文中的错误。每行最多有一处错误。Lastweek,Igotothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.1______Iwasverysurprisedtoseesomanypeoplethere.2______ThelibrariantoldmethatIcankeepthebooksfortwoweeks.3______Ichosenthreenovelsandamagazine.4______WhenIreturnedhome,Istartedreadingitimmediately.5______答案：go->went,正确(√),can->could,chosen->chose,it->them解析：1.时态错误：时间状语是Lastweek（上周），句子应用一般过去时，故将go改为went。2.正确：句子结构完整，时态一致，无错误。3.时态/情态动词一致性：主句谓语told是过去式，宾语从句中应使用过去将来时或保持时态一致，can应改为could。4.动词形式错误：此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。choose的过去式是chose，chosen是过去分词，不能单独作谓语。5.代词指代错误：前文提到borrowedthreenovelsandamagazine（复数概念），故后文指代这些书时应用复数代词them，而非单数it。（4）MybestfriendLiHuaisahonestboy.Heisalwaysreadytohelpother.Lastweek,hehelpedaoldladycrossthestreet.Theoldladywasverythankfulandgavehimaapple.LiHuarefusedpolitely.Hesaidhejustdidwhichheshoulddo.Wealladmirehimforhiskind.Heneverthinksofhimselfbutothers.Heissuchagoodboythateveryonelikeshim.Infact,heismorekinderthananyoneelseinourclass.Heoftentellsusthathelpingothersmakeushappy.Weshouldlearnfromhim.答案：1.ahonest->anhonest;2.other->others;3.aold->anold;4.aapple->anapple;5.which->what;6.kind->kindness;7.but->of(thinkof...but...不对，应是notonly...butalso或者thinkofothersinsteadofhimself.原句'thinksofhimselfbutothers'逻辑不通，应为'thinksnotofhimselfbutofothers'或者'thinksofothersratherthanhimself'.常见改法：but->of?不，是加of:thinksofhimselfbutofothers?或者把but改为about?不。通常是'not...but...'结构。原句'Heneverthinksofhimselfbutothers'->'Heneverthinksofhimselfbutofothers'(加of)或者'but'改为'about'?不，最可能是'but'后加'of'或者'but'改为'for'?标准改法：'thinksofhimselfbutothers'->'thinksnotofhimselfbutofothers'(加not和of)?太复杂。简单改法：'but'->'about'?No.可能是'thinksofhimselfbutothers'->'thinksofhimselfbutofothers'(加of).或者'but'改为'for'?No.另一种可能：'neverthinksofhimselfbutothers'->'thinksofothersbutnothimself'?让我们看常见的考点：'thinkofAbutB'平行结构错误。应为'thinkofAbutofB'.所以加of.8.morekinder->kinder(more和-er不能连用);9.make->makes(主语helpingothers单数);10.'ahonest'(1),'other'(2),'aold'(3),'aapple'(4),'which'(5),'kind'(6),'but'(7),'morekinder'(8),'make'(9).还差一处。'readytohelpother'->'others'.'gavehimaapple'->'anapple'.'didwhichheshoulddo'->'what'.'admirehimforhiskind'->'kindness'.'thinksofhimselfbutothers'->'butofothers'(加of).'morekinder'->'kinder'.'make'->'makes'.'ahonest'->'anhonest'.'aold'->'anold'.这就9处。还有一处：'Wealladmirehimforhiskind.'->'kindness'.'Heneverthinksofhimselfbutothers.'->'butofothers'.'Heismorekinder'->'kinder'.'helpingothersmake'->'makes'.'ahonest'->'an'.'helpother'->'others'.'aold'->'an'.'aapple'->'an'.'didwhich'->'what'.这就9处。难道'suchagoodboy'->'sogoodaboy'?不，suchagoodboy对.'everyonelikeshim'(对).'Infact'(对).'thananyoneelse'(对).'inourclass'(对).'oftentellsus'(对).'thathelpingothers'(对).'Weshouldlearnfromhim'(对).是不是'lastweek'->'lastweeks'?不.'crossthestreet'(对).'verythankful'(对).'refusedpolitely'(对).'saidhejustdid'(对).'justdidwhatheshoulddo'(对).'admirehim'(对).'forhiskindness'(对).'neverthinks'(对).'ofhimself'(对).'butofothers'(加of).'suchagoodboy'(对).'everyonelikes'(对).'morekinder'(错).'anyoneelse'(对).'makeushappy'(错).'learnfromhim'(对).还差一处。可能是'ahonest'(1),'other'(2),'aold'(3),'aapple'(4),'which'(5),'kind'(6),'but'(7-加of),'more'(8-去掉),'make'(9).难道'thankful'->'thanks'?No,wasthankful对.'gavehimaapple'->'anapple'.是不是'oldlady'->'oldwoman'?不.'aapple'(an).'aold'(an).'ahonest'(an).三个冠词错误？1.ahonest->an2.helpother->others3.aold->an4.aapple->an5.which->what6.kind->kindness7.but->butof(加of)8.morekinder->kinder(去more)9.make->makes10.难道'verythankful'->'muchthankful'?不.或者'refusedpolitely'->'politerefused'?不.'saidhejustdid'->'saidthathejustdid'?不.'admirehimforhiskind'->'kindness'.'thinksofhimselfbutothers'->'butofothers'.'morekinder'->'kinder'.'make'->'makes'.'ahonest','other','aold','aapple','which','kind','but','more','make'.正好9处。还差一处。是不是'Lastweek'->'Lastweeks'?不.'crossthestreet'(对).'gavehim'(对).'refused'(对).'said'(对).'justdid'(对).'whatheshoulddo'(对).'admire'(对).'forhiskindness'(对).'neverthinks'(对).'ofhimself'(对).'butofothers'(对).'suchagoodboy'(对).'everyonelikes'(对).'morekinder'(错).'anyoneelse'(对).'inourclass'(对).'tellsus'(对).'thathelpingothers'(对).'makesushappy'(对).'learnfromhim'(对).难道是'honest'前面的'a'错了，'old'前面的'a'错了，'apple'前面的'a'错了。这三处。'other'->'others'.'which'->'what'.'kind'->'kindness'.'but'->'butof'.'more'->去掉.'make'->'makes'.这9处。第10处可能是'verythankful'->'verythanks'?不.或者'gavehimaapple'->'gavehimanapple'.是不是'oldlady'->'anoldlady'(已改).难道'crossthestreet'->'crossstreet'?不.'saidhejustdid'->'saidhehadjustdone'?时态？did是过去时，shoulddo是虚拟？shoulddo在这里表示“应该做的”，didwhatheshoulddo是对的。mayb