2026年英语四级阅读历年真题

2026年英语四级阅读历年真题PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"digitaldetox"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasindividualsstruggletofindabalancebetweentheironlineandofflinelives.Withtheubiquityofsmartphonesandtheconstantconnectivitytotheinternet,manypeoplefindthemselvesfeelingoverwhelmedandanxious.Thisphenomenonisoftenreferredtoas"technostress,"atermcoinedtodescribethestressandanxiety26fromtheinabilitytocopewiththedemandsofmoderntechnology.Proponentsofdigitaldetoxarguethattakingabreakfromscreenscanhave27benefitsformentalhealth.Steppingawayfromthedigitalworldallowsindividualstoreconnectwiththephysicalenvironment,engageinface-to-faceinteractions,andpursuehobbiesthatdonotinvolveelectronicdevices.Studieshaveshownthatexcessivescreentime,particularlybeforebed,candisruptsleeppatternsandleadtoahostofhealthissues,includingeyestrainand28problems.Bylimitingexposuretobluelightandreducingthecognitiveloadassociatedwithconstantnotifications,individualscanimprovetheirsleepqualityandoverallwell-being.However,criticssuggestthattheideaofacompletedigitaldetoxisoften29andimpracticalintoday'ssociety.Formany,technologyisnotjustasourceofdistractionbutavitaltoolforwork,education,andmaintainingrelationships.Acompleteabstinencefromtechnologymightleadtofeelingsofisolationandafearofmissingout(FOMO).Insteadofatotaldisconnect,someexpertsadvocatefor"digitalhygiene,"whichinvolves30technologyuseinawaythatismindfulandcontrolled.Thisapproachencouragesuserstosetspecificboundaries,suchasdesignated"tech-freezones"inthehouseorspecifictimesofthedaywhennotificationsaresilenced.Thekeyliesinfindingapersonalized31thatworksforeachindividual.Forsome,thismightmeanaweekendwithoutsocialmedia;forothers,itcouldsimplymeanturningoffthephoneduringdinner.Thegoalisnottodemonizetechnologybuttorecognizeitspotentialto32anddistract.Bycultivatingahealthierrelationshipwithourdevices,wecanharnessthebenefitsofthedigitalworldwithoutallowingitto33ourlives.Ultimately,whetheronechoosesafull-blowndigitaldetoxorsimplyadoptsbetterdigitalhabits,theobjectiveistoregaincontrol.Inanerawhereinformationisabundantandattentionspansareshort,theabilitytodisconnectisavaluable34.Itallowsforintrospection,creativity,andadeeperappreciationforthepresentmoment.Aswemoveforward,thechallengewillbetointegratetechnologyintoourlivesinawaythatenhancesourhumanityratherthan35it.A.arisingB.beneficialC.consumeD.diminishE.unrealisticF.managingG.assetH.dominateI.sleepJ.resultingK.strategyL.cognitiveM.undermineN.negativeO.productivitySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheResilienceofCoralReefs:ChallengesandConservationStrategies[A]CoralreefsareamongthemostbiologicallydiverseecosystemsonEarth,oftenreferredtoasthe"rainforestsofthesea."Theysupportover25%ofallknownmarinespecies,despitecoveringlessthan1%oftheoceanfloor.Thesecomplexstructuresprovideessentialhabitat,breedinggrounds,andnurseryareasforcountlessorganisms,includingfish,mollusks,andcrustaceans.Beyondtheirecologicalvalue,coralreefsoffersignificanteconomicbenefits,protectingcoastlinesfromstormsanderosion,andsupportingtourismandfisheriesthatgeneratebillionsofdollarsannuallyforlocaleconomies.[B]However,coralreefsarefacingunprecedentedthreatsduetohumanactivitiesandclimatechange.Oneofthemostimmediateanddevastatingthreatsisrisingseatemperaturescausedbyglobalwarming.Whenwatertemperaturesremainelevatedforextendedperiods,coralsundergoaprocessknownasbleaching.Bleachingoccurswhencoralsexpelthesymbioticalgae(zooxanthellae)thatliveintheirtissuesandprovidethemwithfoodandvibrantcolors.Withoutthesealgae,coralsturnwhiteandbecomemoresusceptibletodiseaseandstarvation.Ifthestresspersists,thecoralwilleventuallydie.[C]Oceanacidificationisanothercriticalissuelinkedtotheincreasedconcentrationofcarbondioxide(CO2)intheatmosphere.AstheoceanabsorbsCO2,thewaterbecomesmoreacidic,reducingtheavailabilityofcarbonateions.Coralsrelyontheseionstobuildtheircalciumcarbonateskeletons.Inmoreacidicwaters,coralsgrowmoreslowlyandtheirstructuresbecomeweaker,makingthemmorevulnerabletodamagefromstormsandbio-erosion.Thischemicalchangenotonlyaffectscoralsbutalsoimpactsothermarineorganismsthatdependoncalciumcarbonate,suchasshellfishandcertainplanktonspecies.[D]Localstressorsfurtherexacerbatethedeclineofcoralreefs.Overfishing,particularlytheremovalofherbivorousfishlikeparrotfish,disruptsthedelicatebalanceofthereefecosystem.Herbivorousfishplayacrucialroleinkeepingalgaegrowthincheck.Whentheirpopulationsaredepleted,algaecanovergrowandsmothercorals,preventingthemfromreceivingsunlightandrecoveringfromotherdisturbances.Additionally,pollutionfromagriculturalrunoffcontainingfertilizersandpesticidescreatesnutrient-richconditionsthatfuelharmfulalgalblooms,furtherdegradingwaterqualityandcoralhealth.[E]Despitethesegrimprojections,coralreefshaveshownremarkableresilience.Somecoralspeciespossessgenetictraitsthatmakethemmoretoleranttoheatstressthanothers.Scientistshaveobserved"supercorals"incertainreefareasthathavesurvivedpreviousbleachingevents,suggestingthatnaturalselectionisalreadyatwork.Theseresilientcoralsarethefocusofintenseresearch,astheymayholdthekeytodevelopingheat-tolerantreefhybridsthatcanwithstandfuturewarmingscenarios.[F]Conservationeffortsaremultifacetedandrangefromlocalmanagementactionstoglobalinitiatives.EstablishingMarineProtectedAreas(MPAs)isoneofthemosteffectivestrategies.MPAsrestricthumanactivitiessuchasfishinganddivingindesignatedzones,allowingfishpopulationstorecoverandecosystemstoregaintheirnaturalbalance.EffectiveMPAsrequirestrongenforcementandcommunityinvolvementtoensurecomplianceandlong-termsuccess.Whenmanagedwell,theseprotectedareascanserveassourcesoflarvaeandfishthatreplenishsurroundingreefs.[G]Activerestorationtechniquesarealsobeingemployedtorehabilitatedamagedreefs.Coralgardeninginvolvesgrowingcoralfragmentsinnurseriesandthentransplantingthemontodegradedreefsites.Thismethodhasprovensuccessfulinincreasingcoralcoverandbiodiversityinspecificlocations.Furthermore,scientistsareexploringinnovativetechnologiessuchasassistedgeneflow,whereheat-tolerantgenesareintroducedtovulnerablepopulations,andeventheuseofunderwaterrobotstomonitorreefhealthandplantcoralswithprecision.[H]Addressingtherootcausesofcoraldeclinerequiresglobalactiontomitigateclimatechange.Reducinggreenhousegasemissionsisparamounttoslowingtherateofoceanwarmingandacidification.Internationalagreements,suchastheParisAgreement,aimtolimitglobaltemperaturerise,whichisessentialforthelong-termsurvivalofcoralreefs.Withoutsignificantreductionsinemissions,localconservationeffortsmayonlybeatemporaryfix,asthephysicalconditionsoftheoceanwilleventuallybecomeinhospitableformostcoralspecies.[I]Publicawarenessandeducationplayavitalroleincoralreefconservation.Whentouristsandlocalcommunitiesunderstandthevalueofreefsandthethreatstheyface,theyaremorelikelytoadoptsustainablepractices.Thisincludeschoosingreef-safesunscreen,reducingplasticuse,andsupportingsustainableseafoodoptions.Citizenscienceprogramsalsoengagethepublicinmonitoringreefhealth,providingvaluabledatatoresearchersandfosteringasenseofstewardshipoverthesefragileecosystems.[J]Thefutureofcoralreefshangsinthebalance,butthereisstillhope.Bycombininglocalmanagementstrategies,scientificinnovation,andglobalclimateaction,itispossibletopreservetheseinvaluableecosystems.Theresilienceofnatureshouldnotbeunderestimated,andwithconcertedeffort,wecanhelpcoralreefsadapttoachangingworld.Thesurvivalofcoralreefsisnotjustaboutsavingmarinebiodiversity;itisaboutsecuringthelivelihoodsandwell-beingofmillionsofpeoplewhodependonthem.36.Coralreefsprovideeconomicbenefitssuchascoastalprotectionandsupportfortourismandfisheries.37.Risingseatemperaturescausecoralbleaching,wherecoralsexpelthealgaethatprovidethemwithfood.38.Overfishingdisruptstheecosystembalancebyremovingherbivorousfishthatcontrolalgaegrowth.39.Some"supercorals"havebeenfoundtopossessgenetictraitsthatmakethemtoleranttoheatstress.40.MarineProtectedAreas(MPAs)helpecosystemsrecoverbyrestrictinghumanactivitiesinspecificzones.41.Oceanacidificationreducestheavailabilityofcarbonateions,whichcoralsneedtobuildtheirskeletons.42.Activerestorationtechniqueslikecoralgardeninginvolvetransplantingnursery-grownfragmentstodegradedsites.43.Reducinggreenhousegasemissionsiscrucialtoaddresstherootcausesofoceanwarmingandacidification.44.Publicawarenessandeducationencouragesustainablepracticesamongtouristsandlocalcommunities.45.Thesurvivalofcoralreefsislinkedtothelivelihoodsandwell-beingofmillionsofpeople.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theriseofthe"gigeconomy"hastransformedthelandscapeofworkinthe21stcentury,offeringflexibilityandindependencetomillionsofworkers.PlatformslikeUber,Airbnb,andTaskRabbithavecreatedmarketplaceswhereindividualscanoffertheirservicesorassetsonashort-termbasis.Thisshiftawayfromtraditional,long-termemploymenthasbeenhailedbysomeasaliberationfromtherigidityofthe9-to-5grind,allowingworkerstobetheirownbossesandsettheirownhours.However,thisnewmodelofworkhasalsosparkedaheateddebateregardinglaborrightsandsocialsecurity.Gigworkers,oftenclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,aretypicallyexcludedfromprotectionssuchasminimumwageguarantees,paidsickleave,healthinsurance,andretirementbenefits.Whiletheflexibilityisappealing,itoftencomesatthecostoffinancialinsecurity.Withoutasafetynet,asuddenillnessoradropindemandcanleaveworkersvulnerabletodebtandpoverty.Proponentsofthegigeconomyarguethatitprovidesopportunitiesforthosewhomightstruggletofindtraditionalemployment,suchasstudents,caregivers,ortheunemployed.Theypointoutthattheabilitytomonetizeunderutilizedassets,likeaspareroomoracar,cangeneratesignificantincome.Furthermore,theefficiencyofdigitalmatchingalgorithmscanreducetransactioncostsandcreateamoredynamiclabormarketthatrespondsquicklytoconsumerneeds.Critics,ontheotherhand,contendthattheseplatformsoftenengagein"laborarbitrage,"exploitingregulatoryloopholestoavoidthecostsassociatedwithtraditionalemployment.Theyarguethatthealgorithmsusedbytheseplatformsexertaformofcontroloverworkersthatisindistinguishablefromtraditionalmanagement,dictatingprices,assigningtasks,andmonitoringperformancethroughratingsystems.Thislackofautonomy,combinedwiththeabsenceofbenefits,suggeststhattheclassificationofgigworkersasindependentcontractorsisoftenalegalfictiondesignedtominimizecorporateliability.Governmentsaroundtheworldaregrapplingwithhowtoregulatethisevolvingsector.Somejurisdictionshavemovedtoreclassifygigworkersasemployees,entitledtofullbenefits.Othershaveattemptedtocreateathirdcategoryofworker,somewherebetweenanemployeeandacontractor,grantingspecificrightswithoutfullyembracingthetraditionalemploymentmodel.Thechallengeforpolicymakersistostrikeabalancebetweenfosteringinnovationandprotectingworkersinanincreasinglyprecariouslabormarket.Asthegigeconomycontinuestogrow,itslong-termimpactonsocietyremainsuncertain.Willitleadtoamorefragmentedandinsecureworkforce,orwillitpavethewayforamoreflexibleandempoweredworkingclass?Theanswerlikelyliesintheregulatoryframeworksthataredevelopedinthecomingyears.Ensuringthatthebenefitsofflexibilityaresharedequitably,andthattherisksofinsecurityaremitigated,willbecrucialforthefutureofwork.46.Whatisthemainadvantageofthegigeconomymentionedinthepassage?A)Itprovideshigherwagesthantraditionaljobs.B)Itofferslong-termjobsecurity.C)Itallowsworkerstohaveflexibilityandindependence.D)Itguaranteeshealthinsuranceandretirementbenefits.47.Whatisthemajordrawbackforgigworkersaccordingtothepassage?A)Theyhavetoworkfixedhours.B)Theylacksocialsecurityandlaborprotections.C)Theycannotusedigitalplatforms.D)Theyareoftenclassifiedasemployees.48.Whydocriticsarguethatgigplatformsareengagingin"laborarbitrage"?A)Theyareexploitingregulatoryloopholestoavoidemploymentcosts.B)Theyarecreatingamoredynamiclabormarket.C)Theyareprovidingopportunitiesfortheunemployed.D)Theyarehelpingworkersmonetizetheirassets.49.Howaresomegovernmentsrespondingtothechallengesofthegigeconomy?A)Theyarebanninggigeconomyplatformscompletely.B)Theyareignoringtheissuetofosterinnovation.C)Theyarereclassifyinggigworkersorcreatingnewworkercategories.D)Theyareforcingallgigworkerstobecomefull-timeemployees.50.Whatistheauthor'sstanceonthefutureofthegigeconomy?A)Itwilldefinitelyleadtoafragmentedworkforce.B)Itwillreplacetraditionalemploymententirely.C)Itsimpactdependsonfutureregulatoryframeworks.D)Itisapositivedevelopmentforeveryoneinvolved.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"emotionalintelligence"(EQ),popularizedbypsychologistDanielGolemaninthemid-1990s,hasbecomeacornerstoneofmodernmanagementtheoryandleadershipdevelopment.Unliketraditionalmeasuresofintelligence(IQ),whichfocusoncognitiveabilitiessuchaslogicalreasoningandmathematicalskill,EQencompassestheabilitytorecognize,understand,andmanageone'sownemotions,aswellastorecognize,understand,andinfluencetheemotionsofothers.ResearchhasconsistentlyshownthathighEQisastrongpredictorofsuccessintheworkplace,particularlyforleaders.IndividualswithhighEQaretypicallybetteratcommunication,conflictresolution,andteamwork.Theypossessahighdegreeofself-awareness,allowingthemtounderstandtheirownstrengthsandweaknessesandtoregulatetheiremotionalresponsesinstressfulsituations.Thisself-regulationpreventsimpulsivedecisionsandallowsleaderstoremaincalmandcomposedunderpressure.Furthermore,empathy,akeycomponentofEQ,enablesleaderstounderstandtheperspectivesandfeelingsoftheirteammembers.Thisunderstandingfosterstrustandloyalty,creatingapositiveorganizationalculture.Whenemployeesfeelunderstoodandvalued,theyaremoreengaged,motivated,andproductive.Incontrast,leaderswithlowEQoftenstrugglewithinterpersonalrelationships,creatingenvironmentscharacterizedbyfear,resentment,andhighturnover.Despiteitspopularity,theconceptofEQhasfacedcriticism.Somescholarsarguethatitisvaguelydefinedanddifficulttomeasureobjectively.UnlikeIQ,whichcanbestandardizedthroughpsychometrictests,EQassessmentsoftenrelyonself-reporting,whichcanbebiased.OthersworrythatanoveremphasisonEQcouldleadtoaculturewhereemotionalexpressionisvaluedovercompetenceandtechnicalexpertise,potentiallyunderminingmeritocracy.However,proponentsofEQarguethatitisnotareplacementforIQortechnicalskillsbutacomplementaryasset.Inanincreasinglycomplexandinterconnectedworld,technicalskillsaloneareinsufficientforeffectiveleadership.Theabilitytonavigatesocialcomplexitiesandbuildstrongrelationshipsisessential.OrganizationsthatprioritizeEQintheirhiringandpromotionprocessestendtohavehigherlevelsofemployeesatisfactionandlowerratesofburnout.Developingemotionalintelligenceisalifelongprocess.Itinvolvescultivatingmindfulness,seekingfeedback,andpracticingactivelistening.WhilesomeindividualsmayhaveanaturalpredispositionforhighEQ,itisaskillthatcanbelearnedandimprovedovertime.Astheworkplacecontinuestoevolve,withremoteworkandcross-culturalteamsbecomingthenorm,theimportanceofemotionalintelligencewillonlycontinuetogrow.Itisnotjusta"softskill"butacriticalcompetencyfornavigatingthehumansideofbusiness.51.WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenEQandIQ?A)IQfocusesonemotions,whileEQfocusesonlogic.B)EQfocusesonemotionalabilities,whileIQfocusesoncognitiveabilities.C)EQiseasiertomeasurethanIQ.D)IQismoreimportantforleadershipthanEQ.52.WhyishighEQconsideredimportantforleaders?A)Ithelpsthemignoretheemotionsoftheirteammembers.B)Itallowsthemtomakeimpulsivedecisions.C)Itimprovescommunication,conflictresolution,andteamworkmanagement.D)Itguaranteeshightechnicalexpertise.53.Howdoesempathybenefitleadersaccordingtothepassage?A)Ithelpsthemcontroleveryaspectoftheteam'swork.B)Itfosterstrust,loyalty,andapositiveorganizationalculture.C)Itallowsthemtoavoidstressfulsituationsentirely.D)Itensuresthattechnicalskillsarevaluedoveremotions.54.WhatisoneofthecriticismsofEQmentionedinthepassage?A)Itistooeasytolearn.B)Itisvaguelydefinedanddifficulttomeasureobjectively.C)Itisnotusefulinthemodernworkplace.D)Itleadstohigherturnoverrates.55.Whatistheauthor'sviewontherelationshipbetweenEQandtechnicalskills?A)EQismoreimportantthantechnicalskills.B)TechnicalskillsaremoreimportantthanEQ.C)EQisacomplementaryassettotechnicalskills.D)EQandtechnicalskillsareunrelated.AnswerKeyandExplanationsSectionA26.J)resulting【解析】空格前为anxiety，空格后为from，构成固定搭配resultfrom（源于，由……产生），表示“源于无法应对现代技术需求而产生的压力和焦虑”。此处需填现在分词形式作后置定语，故选resulting。27.B)beneficial【解析】空格前为have，空格后为benefits，且空格处需修饰benefits。beneficial意为“有益的”，符合句意，表示“对心理健康有益”。28.I)sleep【解析】根据前文提到的excessivescreentime（过度使用屏幕）和disrupt（扰乱），以及后文提到的bluelight（蓝光），可知此处指扰乱睡眠模式并导致睡眠问题。故选sleep。29.E)unrealistic【解析】根据后文提到的impractical（不切实际的）以及语境中critics（批评者）的观点，可知他们认为完全的数字排毒是不现实的。故选unrealistic。30.F)managing【解析】空格前为involves，后接technologyuse，此处需填动名词形式作宾语。managingtechnologyuse意为“管理技术使用”，符合语境。31.K)strategy【解析】空格前为personalized（个性化的），空格后为thatworksforeachindividual。此处需要一个名词，表示适合每个人的个性化策略。故选strategy。32.O)productivity【解析】空格处与distract（分散注意力）并列，且recognizeitspotentialto...（认识到它潜在能……）。技术可能削弱生产力并分散注意力。productivity符合语境。33.H)dominate【解析】withoutallowingitto...ourlives。句意是不让它主宰我们的生活。dominate意为“支配，主宰”，符合语境。34.G)asset【解析】theabilitytodisconnectisavaluable...。断开连接的能力是一种宝贵的资产。asset意为“资产，宝贵的人或物”，符合句意。35.M)undermine【解析】enhancesourhumanityratherthan...it。句意是增强我们的人性而不是削弱它。undermine意为“削弱，破坏”，与enhance相对。SectionB36.A【解析】根据关键词economicbenefits,coastalprotection,tourism,fisheries定位到[A]段。该段提到“coralreefsoffersignificanteconomicbenefits,protectingcoastlinesfromstormsanderosion,andsupportingtourismandfisheries...”。37.B【解析】根据关键词Risingseatemperatures,bleaching,expelalgae定位到[B]段。该段详细描述了海水升温导致珊瑚白化，珊瑚排出共生藻的过程。38.D【解析】根据关键词Overfishing,herbivorousfish,algaegrowth定位到[D]段。该段提到“Overfishing...disruptsthedelicatebalance...Herbivorousfishplayacrucialroleinkeepingalgaegrowthincheck.”39.E【解析】根据关键词supercorals,genetictraits,heatstress定位到[E]段。该段提到“Somecoralspeciespossessgenetictraitsthatmakethemmoretoleranttoheatstress...Scientistshaveobserved'supercorals'...”。40.F【解析】根据关键词MarineProtectedAreas(MPAs),restrictinghumanactivities定位到[F]段。该段指出“EstablishingMarineProtectedAreas(MPAs)isoneofthemosteffectivestrategies.MPAsrestricthumanactivities...”。41.C【解析】根据关键词Oceanacidification,carbonateions,skeletons定位到[C]段。该段解释了海洋酸化如何减少碳酸盐离子的可用性，影响珊瑚骨骼构建。42.G【解析】根据关键词Activerestoration,coralgardening,transplanting定位到[G]段。该段提到“Activerestorationtechniques...Coralgardeninginvolvesgrowingcoralfragmentsinnurseriesandthentransplantingthem...”。43.H【解析】根据关键词Reducinggreenhousegasemissions,rootcauses定位到[H]段。该段强调“Addressingtherootcauses...requiresglobalactiontomitigateclimatechange.Reducinggreenhousegasemissionsisparamount...”。44.I【解析】根据关键词Publicawareness,education,sustainablepractices定位到[I]段。该段讨论了公众意识如何促使游客和当地社区采取可持续做法。45.J【解析】根据关键词survi