2026届上海市黄浦区4月二模考试高三英语试卷

2026届上海市黄浦区4月二模考试高三英语试卷一、语法填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThereAreNoRulesforSuccess“It’stheWorstTimetoBeaCollegeGraduateinYears,”readsaNewsweekheadline.For22-to30-yearoldcomputer-sciencegraduates,employmenthasbeenfalling.Why?IsitChatGPT?Lateintheeconomiccycle?Nomatter,theunwrittensocialcontractforsuccessthat1(impress)uponyou—goodgrades,jobloyalty,retirementaccount—feelscompletelybroken.Itmaybetimetocreateyourownjob.Careers2wereoncesafearenowrisky:marketers,someprogrammers,maybeevenlawyers.Atthesametime,surfingthewavesofprogressto3theworldisheadedislessriskythanyouthink.Progresscomesthroughsurprises,notrules,withinventionsnoone4(think)possible.Thetelescopeopenedtheskies.Gene(基因)editingwasharduntilCrisprtechnologysimplifiedit.Andit’sbeenlessthanthreeyears5ChatGPTshockedtheworldwithwhatitcoulddo.Machinelearningwasresearchedfordecadeswithlittleresult,untilback-propagationallowedvoiceandfacialrecognition.6ofthesewereinventedbyfollowingtherules,butbycoloringoutsidethelines.Ignorethosewhotellyoutotake“7(calculate)risks.”It’sthegreatnessofriskthatprovidesthepotentialreward.Doyouneeduniversities?Itisnotedthatcollegegraduateshavethesamejoblessrateasthosewhodidn’tgetacollegedegree.Sowhygo?Since2011,theThielFellowshiphaspaidsmartyoungpeople$200,000overtwoyears8(build)newthingsinsteadofsittinginaclassroom.IaskedPeterThielhowitwasgoing.Hepointedtomorethan300fellowswhohavecreated$750billion9value.Nooneknowswhat’snext.Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistoinventit.You’llmakemistakes.Youmightevenfail.Sowhat?Ifyourbrainstillfunctions,youcankeep10(go)untilyoufindsuccessthatsurprisestheworld.Therearenorules.Doyourthing.Accomplishsomething.二、选词填空Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.addictedB.appreciativeC.averagingD.benefitsE.blindingF.briefly

G.downsidesH.enforcedI.initiallyJ.seekingK.urgentIKilledColoronMyPhoneAfewmonthsago,IbegantobeworriedthatIwasdevotingtoomanyhourstoonlinevideos.So,whenIreadanarticleaboutthe11ofswitchingone’sphonetoablack-and-whitecolormode,IfiguredI’dgiveitatry.Theresultwasshocking.ThemomentIswitched,Inolongerfelta(n)12needtolookatmyphone.ThenumberofhoursIspentperdayonthephonedropped40percent,tofourhoursand40minutesperday—stillembarrassinglyhigh,butnotthedizzyingeight-plushoursIwas13.Therearesomesmall14tomyblack-and-whiteonlinelife.Becausetheansweranddeclinebuttonsonmyphonearebothgray,I’llsometimeshanguponacallIwanttoanswer.Fortunately,thesedays,nobodymindsifyoujustcallthemback.Besides,gamesweren’tasfun,soIstartedplayingthemonmypadanddiscoveredthatIlikedtheseparationbetweenworkandplaythatit15:phoneforboringstuff;padforfun.AndI’vefoundthatwheneverIreturntocolor,even16,Iamdesperatetoturnitoffagainasquicklyaspossible.Withmyeyesnolongerusedtothebrightness,Inowfindthephone’scolorstobetoovivid,too17.Twoandahalfmonthsintothisjourney,myphoneusageremainsaboutfourhoursperday.AndI’mprettysureI’llnevergobacktocoloronmyphone.Ifeelliketurningoffcoloronmyphonemadememoreawareandmore18ofthecolorandbeautyinreallife.NowthatIamnolongerturningtomyphoneforfun,Ifindmyself19itoutinotherways—readingmorebooks,watchingmoremovies,planningmoregatheringswithfriends,hangingoutwithmykids.AndthosearethingsIdowanttobe20to.三、完形填空LawbreakersincreasinglyusegenerativeAItomimic(模仿)realpeople’svoicesandcheattheirlovedonesoutofmoney.Andthere’sasimplesolutiontothis21problem:acodeword.Ifyoureceiveacallfromsomeonewhosoundsjustlikeyourgrandsonandsaysheneedsmoney,thebestthingtodoishangupandcallyourgrandson.Butifthevoiceisso22thatyoucan’tbeartodothat,askforyourfamilycodeword.Ifthecallercan’tproduceit,hangup.23,ifyouareintroubleandneedtocallalovedoneforhelp,saythecodewordsoyourrelativeknowsit’sreallyyou.Herearesometipsonhowtocreateand24afamilycodeword:.1.Keepitsimplebut25.Thecodeword(orphrase)shouldbeeasytorememberandsomethingonlyfamilymemberswouldknow.Lawbreakerscanfindoutalotaboutyouonline,includingonsocialmediaand26availabledatabases.Don’tuseawordtheycould27,suchasthenameofyourstreetorpet.Instead,choosefromentertainingfamily28,likeaninsidejokeoryourbaby’sfirstword..2.Keepitsafe.Ifyouworryyou’llforgetthecodeword,youcouldstoreitinapasswordmanager.Ifyouwriteitdown,29thepaper..3.Keepthecircle30.Onlysharethecodewordwithcloseandtrustedfamilymembers,anddoitinpersonoroverthephone.Thewiderthecircle,theriskieritgets..4.HaveaPlanB.Somefamiliesprefertohaveacodequestiontowhichonlyafamilymemberwouldknowtheanswer.Intheeventthatacallercouldguesstherightanswer,havea(n)31questionaswell—atypeoftwo-factorconfirmation..5.Don’tchangethecodewordunlessyouneedto.A32infamilydynamics—suchasarelativegettingbrokenupwithamatewhoknewthecode—couldjustifyachange.Butifyou’reconfidentthere’sno33inthecircleofcode-wordholders,there’snoneedtochangeit.Introducinganewwordcouldcause34,likeforgettingwhichisthelatestversion.●Thewarning:Therearesituationswhereacodemightnotbeappropriate.Somepeoplemightnotbeabletorememberthewordorthinktoaskforone.Inthatcase,it’sprobablybestto35callsbyblockingunknownnumbers.21.A．age-oldB．high-techC．number-oneD．substance-abuse22.A．commandingB．convincingC．pleasantD．smooth23.A．ConsequentlyB．ContrarilyC．LikewiseD．Nevertheless24.A．breakB．issueC．manageD．pronounce25.A．digitalB．professionalC．strictD．strong26.A．commerciallyB．instantlyC．locallyD．publicly27.A．coinB．guessC．translateD．understand28.A．accountsB．commitmentsC．membersD．ties29.A．hideB．recycleC．tearD．unfold30.A．charmedB．completeC．tightD．widening31.A．backupB．multiple-choiceC．open-endedD．specific32.A．balanceB．patternC．presenceD．shift33.A．breakB．cashC．securityD．trap34.A．confusionB．debateC．interventionD．misunderstanding35.A．finishB．handleC．limitD．trace四、阅读理解LatelastspringIwentthroughaperiodofsomepersonaltroublesandfeltIwasinneedofspiritualassistance.Ionceheardthatreadingasea-themedcartoonandliftingweightswouldcureyou,butIhadalreadytriedboth,andtheydidnot.WhatIwantedwasabookthatcouldoffermeadviceabouthowtolivetherestofmylifeforevermeaningfully.Irememberedthen,thatBaruchSpinozawasoftenconsideredamongthefewphilosopherswhoseworkofferedgenuinecomfort.Ihadlongwantedtoread“TheEthics,”Spinoza’smasterwork,andthoughtitwasfinallytimetobecalmedbyhim.TheproblemwasthatIknewthiswouldbehardtoachieve—thebookhasareputationforbeingpuzzling.So,Ipostedonmysocialmediaaskingfriendsiftheywouldliketojoinmeinreadingthebooktogether.Tomysurprise,nearly40peopleresponded.Idraftedaprogramthatlasted10weeks,andwewereoff.Nearlyhalfthepeopledroppedoutafterthefirstfewmeetings,buttherestremainedcommitted:WemeteverySundayonline,oftenenteringourmeetingspuzzledbySpinoza’sdeclarations.Afteranhourofdiscussion,we’dleavewithalittlemoreclarity.Bythetimewereachedthefinalchapterofthebook,ourteamwasveryexcited.Unionwithotherpeople,onenesswiththeuniverse,anacceptanceofthepathsourliveshadtaken—thesewerethingsthatwepossessedallalong.Ihadbeensaved,thankfully.Whyarewedoingthistoourselves?Noneofusareacademicphilosophers.Wehavebusyjobsandotherpressingadultresponsibilities.Buttheprocesshasprovedfruitful.Friendshipemergeswhenagroupdedicatesitselftoataskthatrequiresgreateffort.Learningisbothpainfulandpleasant—andaboveall,shared.Ilikeeasythingstoo.Butslowly,I’venoticedhowmodernlifecontinuouslyforcesustoacceptfartoomanyquickandsimpleeasiness.Andreadingadifficultbookisnotgoingtochangethat,oranything.Still,foratleastafewhoursaweek,Ihaveachancetodedicatemyself,amongfriends,towardmaterialthatrequiressincerementaldevotion,andIfeelthesatisfyingkindofexhaustion.36.Idecidedtoread“TheEthics”inorderto________.

A．findguidanceforlivingapurposefullifeB．improvemyabilitytoreaddifficultbooksC．givethosesea-themedcartoonsanothertryD．understandSpinoza’sphilosophymoredeeply37.Whatdoestheword“thankfully”(paragraph3)imply?

A．Ifeltrelievedbytheinsightgained.B．Ifeltgratefulfortheweeklymeetings.C．Ifeltpleasedwithmychoiceofthisbook.D．Ifeltproudtoleadtheteamthroughachallenge.38.WhatlessondoIlearnfromthisreadingexperience?

A．Exhaustionplacespeopleundergreatpressure.B．Peoplemayfindmeaningindemandingactivities.C．Readingbookshasbecomealuxuryinmodernlife.D．Mentaldevotionimprovespersonalcommunication.39.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A．Non-expertsdecodeSpinoza’smysteriesB．“TheEthics”asateam-buildingchallengeC．FromonlinepuzzlementtocontemporaryreliefD．ThesecrettogettingthroughbiganddifficultbooksFiveStagesofBrainChange

StageAgeBrainCharacteristicsChildhood0-9Thebraingrowsrapidly.Extraconnectionsareremovedtomakethebrainmoreefficient.Adolescence9-32Brainconnectionsstrengthenandcommunicationbetweenbrainregionsbecomesfaster.Adulthood32-66Brainactivitybecomessteady.

Intelligenceandpersonalityremainrelativelysteady,too.EarlyAging66-83Whitemattergraduallyweakens.Somebrainregionsformstrongergroups,buttheyarelessconnectedtoothergroups.LateAging83+Connectionsbetweenbrainregionsdecreaseandthebrainreliesonfewerpathways.40.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutourbrainsiscorrect?

A．At60,whitematterisbeginningtoweaken.B．At72,brainregionsbecomelessdependent.C．At90,distantbrainareasgetmoreconnected.D．At25,brainconnectionsarebecomingstronger.41.Thediscoveriesofourbrainscouldhelptoexplain________.

A．whybrain-relatedconditionsmightariseatcertainagesB．howamapofpathwaysthatchangeovertimecanbebuiltC．howfivedistinctstagesworkdifferentlyfordifferentpeopleD．whythesignificanceofnervefibershaslongbeenoverlooked42.Thereadingmaterialismainlyintendedto________.

A．compareseveralbrain-relateddiseasesB．highlighthowbrainsciencebenefitspeopleC．introducefindingsaboutbraindevelopmentD．provideconcreteadviceforahealthylifestyleSinceFrancisGaltoncoinedthephrase“naturevsnurture(环境因素)”150yearsago,thedebateaboutwhatmakesuswhowearehasdominatedthehumansciences.Today,however,anewscientificfieldissettoreshapethedebate—notbydeclaringvictoryforonesideortheother,norevenbycallingatie,butratherbyrevealingtheywereneverinoppositioninthefirstplace.Throughthisnewperspective,natureandnurturearenotevenentirelydistinguishable,becausegenesandenvironmentdon’toperateinisolation;theyinfluenceeachotherandtoaveryrealdegreeevencreateeachother.Thenewfieldiscalledsociogenomics,anintegrationofbehavioralscienceandgenetics.Despitebeingarelativelynewareaofstudy,ithasthepotentialtorewriteagreatdealofwhatwethinkweknowaboutwhoweareandhowwegotthatway.Genesdon’taffectwhowebecomejustontheirown,insideourbodies—theywork,inpart,byshapingtheenvironmentswelookfororproduce.Atothertimes,thenature-nurturefeedbackcirclemaybemorepernicious.It’snosurprisethatterriblesetbacks—thelossofajob,theendofamarriage—cancausepeopletofallintodepression.Iwasastonishedtolearn,however,thatpeoplewithahighgenetictendencyfordepressionaremorelikelytoencounterthesesetbacks,whichinturncontributetotheirdepression.That’snottosaythatanyofitistheirfault,justthatthewaywe’resupportedandtheworldwepilotarecloselylinked.Hereisthepartofthisresearchthatreallyblowsmeaway.Theresearchsuggeststhatyourpartner’sgenesinfluenceyourlikelihoodofdepressionalmostathirdasmuchasyourowngenesdo.Italsoshowswhenasmallnumberofstudentswithagenetictendencytosmokearepresentinahighschool,smokingratescanriserapidlyacrossanentiregrade—evenamongthosestudentswhodidn’tpersonallyknowthoseclassmates.Genesalonearen’tenoughtodeterminetheseoutcomesandneitherisenvironment.Natureandnurturebothshapeeachother,withnatureinfluencingthewayweexperiencenurtureandnurtureinfluencingthewayournatureexpressesitself.Themoreopportunitiesandinformationtheenvironmentprovides—themorevariedenvironmentsbecome—thegreatertheinfluencethatgeneticvariationhasinsortingusintodifferentcategories.Natureandnurturearen’tseparateforces—they’reendlesslycirclingbackoneachother.43.Priortotheemergenceofsociogenomics,itwaswidelybelievedthat________.

A．genesandenvironmentfunctionedseparatelyB．therewasnoclearlinebetweennatureandnurtureC．environmentshapedourperceptionofwhoweareD．naturematteredmorethannurtureforpersonalgrowth44.Theunderlinedword“pernicious”(paragraph4)isclosestinmeaningto“________”.

A．disastrousB．generativeC．pointlessD．questionable45.Itcanbeinferredthattheresearchshockedthewriterbysuggestingthat________.

A．ourgenesmaychangebecauseofthepeoplewelivewithB．naturedeterminesourbehaviourjustasmuchasnurturedoesC．peoplewiththesamegenesaremorelikelytointeractwitheachotherD．thegenesofpeoplearounduscanaffecttheenvironmentweexperience46.Whichofthefollowingpicturescorrectlyillustrateshownatureandnurturemakeuswhoweare?

A．B．C．D．TheseBeautifulBirdsFormSomethingLikeLastingFriendshipsTruefriends,mostpeoplewouldagree,arethereforeachother.Sometimesitmeanshelpingeachothermove.Sometimesthatmeansofferingemotionalsupport.Andifyou’reasuperbstarling,itmeansstuffingsmallinsectsdownthethroatsofyourfriends’children,secureintheexpectationthattheywilleventuallydothesameforyours.Superbstarlingsaredistinguishingamonganimalsthatbreed(繁殖)cooperatively.47Newparentsrelyonupto16helpers,whichbringchicksextrafoodandhelprunoffkillers.Dr.Rubenstein’slabhasmaintaineda20-yearfieldstudyofthespeciesthatincluded40breedingseasons.48WhenDr.Earl,thenagraduatestudentinthelab,begananalyzingthedata,sheandherteamwerenotshockedtoseethatbirdslargelyhelpedrelatives,thewayanauntorunclemaytemporarilycometobabysitandgiveparentsabreak.49Birdsnewtothegrouphelpedthosebornwithinit,andtheoppositewasalsotrue.Andbecausesuperbstarlingsoftenswitchbetweenbreedingandhelpingroles,theteamfoundthatindividualbirdsthathelpednon-relativesonebreedingseasonlaterhadtheirgooddeedsrepaid,sometimesrepeatedly.“Thestarlingsareconsistentlyinvestinginthesamepreferredsocialpartnersovertheirlives,”Dr.Earlsaid.“Tome,thatsoundslikefriendship.”Andtoday,asmanyexpertsworryaboutawidespreadofhumanloneliness,therecouldbevalueinlearninglessonsfromthesuperbstarling.50Butmaybedon’toffertostuffsmallinsectsdownthemouthsofyourfriends’kids.Luckily,youcanalwaysoffertobabysit.

A．Theirgroupsmixfamilygroupswithsettlersfromothergroups.B．Inotherwords,strongrelationshipsareoftenbuiltfromprovidinghelp.C．Scientistshavelongknownthatsocialanimalsusuallyputbloodrelativesfirst.D．Buttotheirsurprise,theyfoundthatstarlingsalsohelpednon-relatives,includingwhentheymighthavehelpedfamilyinstead.E．Thebehaviorofsuperbstarlingsalsosuggeststhatsustainingthesesortsofrelationshipswithunrelatedfellowsbenefitseverybody.F．IthasrecordedthousandsofinteractionsbetweenhundredsofthebirdsandcollectedDNAtoexaminetheirbiologicalrelationships.五、书面表达51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheBattletoKeepConsumersMeansSmallerPacksofCookiesandChipsSnackanddrinkinverysmallsizesarehittingstoreshelvesasbrandstrytokeepstretchedconsumersbuyingwithlower-priceoptions.PepsiConowsellsLay’spotatochipsinhalfadozendifferent-sizedbags,costingfromaround50centstoroughly$5.AndMondelezInternationalhassixdifferentMilkachocolatebarsizeswithpricesfromunder$1to$6.Food,drinkandconsumer-productcompaniesarehopingthatawiderrangeofshrunkensizeoptionscanboostoverallsalesvolumes,whichhavebeenpressuredinrecentquarters.Smaller-sizeofferingsalsotendtohavehigherprofitmargins(利润率).“Consumersaregoingintosmallpacksizestomakethebestuseoftheirbudget,”saidMondelezFinanceChiefLucaZaramella.“The$3,$4asopposedtothe$6,$7,particularlyinsnacks,arebecomingaclearcenterofgravity.”Consumer-goodscompanieshavelongtailoredpackagingforcookies,chipsandotheritemstoarangeoffactors:on-the-goorlunchsnacking,portioncontrol,affordability.Thelastone,however,criticalinemergingmarketsforyears,hasrecentlybecomemoreimportantintheU.S.Still,offeringmorepackagesizesmaycreatesomeproblems.Insomecases,consumersclearlyseetheyaregettingless—fewerpotatochips,cookies,forinstance—butnotacorrespondinglylowerprice,anapproachknownasshrinkflationthathasannoyedshoppersinrecentyears.Anotherdifficultyisthatjustassomebrandsexpandtheirproductlistings,retailers(零售商)arew