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主题群十宇宙探索|主题语境37

地球与宇宙奥秘探索

主题对接教材

人教版必修第三册Unit4Spaceexploration

外研版选择性必修第四册Unit5Intotheunknown;Unit6Spaceandbeyond

译林版选择性必修第三册Unit2Outofthisworld

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意

1.high-endadj.高端的

2.datan.资料;数据

3.telescopen.望远镜

4.rocketn.火箭;火箭弹

vi.快速增长,猛增

5.spacewalkn.太空行走

6.satelliten.人造卫星;卫星

7.gravityn.重力,地球引力;严肃;严重性

8.giantadj.巨大的;伟大的

n.巨人;巨兽;伟人

9.fataladj.致命的;灾难性的

10.tissuen.纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的)组织;薄纸,绵纸

11.anecdoten.轶事;趣闻

12.offshoreadv.&adj.近海(的);离岸(的)

13.spaceshipn.宇宙飞船

14.spacecraftn.航天器;宇宙飞船

15.shuttlen.航天飞机;来往于两地的航班(或班车、火车)

vi.频繁往来(于两地之间)

Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形

1.keenadj.热衷的;渴望的;强烈的;敏锐的

2.shallowadj.肤浅的;浅的;(呼吸)浅的,微弱的

3.resourcen.资源;财力;物力;(pl.)勇气,谋略

vt.向……提供资金(或设备)

4.astronautn.宇航员,航天员

5.launchvt.&n.发射;发起;上市

6.exploitvt.开发;利用;剥削

7.vehiclen.交通工具;车辆;(表达思想、情感的)手段,工具

8.crewn.(飞机、轮船等上的)全体工作人员

9.transmitvt.&vi.传输;发送

10.floatvi.飘动,漂流;浮

vt.使浮动,使漂流

n.彩车

11.screamv.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖叫

n.尖叫(声)

12.disciplinevt.严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练

n.训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力;学科,科目

13.orbitn.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围

vt.&vi.沿轨道运行;环绕……运行

14.signalvt.&vi.标志着;表明;发信号

n.信号(灯);标志

15.comprisevt.包括,包含;组成,构成

16.monitorn.监视器;监测仪;班长

vt.监视;监测;监控

17.missionn.任务;使命,天职;军事行动;太空飞行任务;传教,布道

18.pulln.&vt.拉(力);拖;牵引(力)

19.mankindn.人类

20.beyondadv.在更远处prep.超出;除……以外;非……所及

21.circumstancen.条件,状况;(circumstances)境况,(尤指)经济状况

22.leapn.跳跃;剧增;剧变

vi.&vt.(leapt,leapt/leaped,leaped)跳过;跃过

23.currentadj.当前的;现在的

n.水流;气流;电流;思潮

24.magnificentadj.宏伟的,壮丽的

Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变

1.intelligentadj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligencen.智慧

2.frequencyn.发生率,出现率;频繁;频率→frequentadj.频繁的→frequentlyadv.频繁地

3.independentadj.独立的;自立的→independentlyadv.独立地;自立地→independencen.独

立;自立

4.analysisn.(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析;分析结果→analys(z)ev.分析

5.expandv.扩大;增加;发展→expansionn.扩大;增加

6.evaluatevt.评价;评估→evaluationn.评价;评估

7.agencyn.机构;代理处→agentn.代理人,代理商

8.arguevt.&vi.论证;争辩;争论→argumentn.争论;争吵;论点;论据

9.exposev.使暴露;使显露;揭发;使(胶卷)曝光→exposuren.面临,遭受;揭露;报

10.universen.宇宙;天地万物→universaladj.普遍的,全体的,全世界的;通用的

11.desiren.渴望;欲望vt.渴望;期望→desirableadj.令人向往的,值得拥有的;可取的

12.incredibleadj.不可思议的,难以置信的;惊人的→incrediblyadv.极其,极端地;难以置

信地

13.covern.覆盖物;封面;掩护物v.覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括→coverage

n.新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围

14.limitvt.&n.限制→limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限的

15.assistv.帮助;援助→assistantn.助理;助手→assistancen.帮助;援助

16.determinevt.查明;确定;决定→determinedadj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determinationn.意

志,决心

17.attachvt.系;绑;贴;认为……重要→attachedadj.非常喜欢……的;附属的→attachment

n.附加设备,附属物;附件;喜欢,依恋

18.occupyvt.占据;占用;使忙于→occupiedadj.有人使用的;忙于……的;被占领的

→occupationn.占领;职业

19.regularadj.定期的;经常的;惯常的n.常客→regularlyadv.有规律地;经常;定期地

→irregularadj.不定期的

20.disappointvt.使失望→disappointedadj.失望的;沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的

→disappointmentn.失望;沮丧

21.originn.起源,起因;出身→originaladj.起初的;原来的;首创的;独创的n.原件;

原作→originatevi&vt.起源;发源;创立→originallyadv.起初,原来;独创地,新颖地

积累——构词法学一法会一类

1.前缀trans-:前缀trans-表示“转变,转换”。如transmit是由前缀trans-(转变,变换)和mit

组成的,意为“传输,发送”。类似的还有:translate(翻译),transform(使改变,使改观),transfer(转

移,调动)等。

2.后缀-ent:形容词后缀-ent意为“具有……性质的,关于……的”,如magnificent=magni(伟

大的)+fic(做)+ent(关于……的)→做出来的伟大事情、成果→宏伟的,壮丽的。类似的还有:

intelligent(有智慧的),frequent(频繁的)等。

(1)Sheunderwentahearttransplantinalast-ditchattempttosaveher.n.移植

(2)Theinsect’swingsaresothinthattheyseemtobetransparent.adj.透明的

(3)ThetowelswerehighlyabsorbentandIboughtthreewithouthesitation.adj.能吸收(液体)的

(4)Theimprovementinstandardshasbeensteadyandpersistent,buthasattractedlittlecomment

fromeducationalists.adj.持续的

Ⅳ.背核心短语

1.resultin导致;造成

2.lookinto调查(问题)

3.blockout挡住(光线)

4.inviewof鉴于,考虑到

5.be/becomeaccustomedto习惯于

6.carryon继续做;坚持干

7.provideforsb为某人提供生活所需

8.figureout弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白

9.setout出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作

10.inthehopeofdoing...抱着做……的希望

11.throwoneselfinto积极投入到……中去;热衷于

12.onboard在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上

13.in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下,既然如此

14.soasto...以便……;为了……

15.enablesbtodosth使某人能够做某事

16.laythefoundationfor为……打下基础

Ⅴ.悟经典句式

1.the+序数词+n.+todo...第几个做……

Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace,andon12April1961,YuriGagarin

becamethefirstpersonintheworldtoenterspace.

后来,苏联致力于把人送入太空,1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太

空的人。

2.therebe...

There’sevidencethatevolutionwouldworkthesamewayeverywhere,soit’sactuallyquitelikely

thatlifeonotherplanetswouldinmanywayslooklikeus.

有证据表明,进化在任何地方都会以同样的方式进行,所以实际上很可能其他星球上的生命

在很多方面都与我们相似。

3.itbe+过去分词+that...

Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecallthe

MilkyWay.不久,人们就认识到,太阳只是银河系中的数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。

4.现在分词短语作状语

ItorbitsEarthandhasastronautsfromdifferentcountriesonboard,providingacontinuous

humanpresenceinspace.

它绕地球运行,搭载了来自不同国家的航天员,使得人类能够持续在太空中开展工作。

5.形容词短语作后置定语

The500-metredishofthe“EyeofHeaven”,asitisknown,isbeingusedinthesearchfordark

matter,thoughttobecomposedofsubatomicparticlesinvisibletoordinarytelescopes.众所周知,

这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成,一

般望远镜是观测不到的。

体验——析真题长句知高考难度

(2025·北京)Inmydefence,Ididwhatwe’vealldonebefore,whichistorepeatreceivedwisdom

withoutexploringthenuances(细微差别).

[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。Inmydefence为介词短语作状语;what引导宾语从句,作

did的宾语;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面whatwe’vealldonebefore,并在从句

中作主语。torepeat...thenuances为不定式短语作表语,补充说明主语which(即前文行为)

的具体内容。

[尝试翻译]恕我辩解,我只是做了我们以前都做过的事,即复述那些普遍接受的智慧,而

不深究其细微差别。

Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分,共30分)

1.keenadj.热衷的;渴望的

2.resourcen.资源;财力;物力;(pl.)勇气,谋略

3.exploitvt.开发;利用;剥削

4.crewn.(飞机、轮船等上的)全体工作人员

5.floatvi.飘动,漂流;浮vt.使浮动,使漂流n.彩车

6.screamv.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖叫n.尖叫(声)

7.orbitn.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行;环绕……运行

8.signalvt.&vi.标志着;表明;发信号n.信号(灯);标志

9.monitorn.监视器;监测仪;班长vt.监视;监测;监控

10.disciplinevt.严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练n.训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力;学科

11.leapn.跳跃;剧增;剧变vi.&vt.跳过;跃过

12.intelligentadj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligencen.智慧

13.desiren.渴望;欲望vt.渴望;期望→desirableadj.令人向往的,值得拥有的;可取的

14.incredibleadj.不可思议的,难以置信的;惊人的→incrediblyadv.极其,极端地;难以置

信地

15.frequencyn.发生率,出现率;频繁;频率→frequentadj.频繁的→frequentlyadv.频繁地

16.regularadj.定期的;经常的;惯常的n.常客→regularlyadv.有规律地;经常;定期地

→irregularadj.不定期的

17.independentadj.独立的;自立的→independentlyadv.独立地;自立地→independencen.独

立;自立

18.expandv.扩大;增加;发展→expansionn.扩大;增加

19.covern.覆盖物;封面;掩护物v.覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括→coveragen.新闻

报道;覆盖范围;信息范围

Ⅱ.核心短语(每空2分,共20分)

1.inviewof鉴于,考虑到

2.be/becomeaccustomedto习惯于

3.figureout弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白

4.lookinto调查(问题)

5.throwoneselfinto积极投入到……中去;热衷于

6.laythefoundationfor为……打下基础

7.blockout挡住(光线)

8.provideforsb为某人提供生活所需

9.setout出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作

10.enablesbtodosth使某人能够做某事

Ⅲ.单句语法填空(每空1分,共19分)

1.Heoccupiesanimportantpositioninacompany,andisoccupiedwithallkindsofactivities,

sohisoccupationbringshimgreatfameandfortune.(occupy)

2.Tomwasdisappointedatthedisappointingnewsthathisparentsdidn’tsupporthisdreamof

beinganastronaut.(disappoint)

3.Manygreatpeoplehavedevotedtheirlimitedlivestothelimitlessservicetothepeople.(limit)

4.Asanassistant,heassistedtheprofessorincarryingouttheproject.Andwithouthisassistance,

itcouldn’tbecompletedontime.(assist)

5.Weneedtoevaluateourselves,ourvalues,ourstrengthsandsoonbecauseobjective

evaluation(evaluate)willbenefitus.

6.Anargumentaboutwhetherpeopleshouldcarryonwithspaceexplorationtookplaceatthe

conferenceandsomepeoplearguedthatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonit.(argue)

7.ItisoriginallythoughttobeaplantofAfrica,butnooneknowsexactlytheoriginofthisplant,

becausewedon’thaveanyoriginalmaterialaboutit.(origin)

8.Whenaskedwhetherhewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut,theboyjustlookedatmewith

determination.(determine)

9.Thecontinuousexposure(expose)toharmfulchemicalsintheworkplacehasexposedthe

workerstoahigherriskofdevelopinghealthproblems.

Ⅳ.补全短文(微写作)(每题3分,共12分)

单句汉语提示微写作短文

1.Itisconfirmedthatalecturewiththethemeofspace

1.已确认,本周五下午2点将在

sciencewillbeheldintheschoolhallat2o’clockthisFriday

学校礼堂举办一场以太空科学

afternoon.

为主题的讲座。(itbe+过去分词

Inthelecture,2.therewillbemainlythreeparts.Thefirstpart

that...)willtracethehistoryofspaceflightsandhighlightrecent

2.本次讲座主要分为三个部分。launchesinourcountry,whichisofvitalsignificanceforusto

(therebe...)haveabetterunderstandingofthedevelopmentofthe

3.据报道,国家最近已经在航空aerospaceindustryinourcountry.Thesecondpartwillexplore

航天领域取得重大突破,有可能thescientificbenefits.Itisreportedthatrecentlyourcountry

通过新技术和新材料为医疗卫hasmademajorbreakthroughsinaerospace,potentially

生领域的进步奠定基础。(现在3.layingthefoundationforadvancementsinmedicaland

分词短语作状语)healthfieldsthroughnewtechnologiesandmaterials.Thelast

butextremelyimportantpartisthatquestionscanberaisedby

4.最后但极其重要的一部分是,

anyone4.curiousaboutspaceandeagertoexplorethe

任何对太空好奇并渴望探索未

unknown.

知世界的人都可以提出问题。

Ifyouhaveapassionforlearningmoreaboutspace,

(形容词短语作后置定语)

comeandtakepartinthelecture.

情景导入DrLeearguedthattheyshouldcarryonwiththeirmission,forthedesiretouncover

theuniverse’ssecretswastoostrongtoignore.Hebecamethefirstresearchertoprovethetheory,

unlockinganewchapterinourunderstandingofspace.

arguev.争论;辩论;讨论;论证(argumentn.争论;争辩;争吵;论点;论据)

·arguewithsbabout/oversth就某事与某人争吵/争论

arguefor/against(doing)...赞成/反对(做)……

arguesbinto/outofdoingsth说服某人做/不做某事

arguethat认为;主张

·haveanargumentwithsbabout/oversth就某事与某人争吵/争论

·beyondargument无可争论

(1)Itisbeyondargument(argue)thatChineseastronautshavemadegiantcontributionstothe

world’sspaceexploration.

(2)Afterweeksofdiscussion,Ihavearguedhimintodealingwithissuesrelatedtospace

exploration.

(3)最近我们班就我们是否应该继续太空探索一直彼此争论。一些学生认为太空非常值得探

索。其他学生反对太空探索。在我看来,太空探索能够帮助人类解决资源匮乏的问题。

Ourclasshasrecentlyargued/hadanargumentwitheachotherabout/overwhetherweshouldcarry

onwithspaceexploration.Somestudentsarguethatspaceiswellworthexploring.Othersargue

againstit.Personally,spaceexplorationcanassistmankindtosolvetheproblemoflackof

resources.

desiren.渴望;欲望;愿望vt.渴望;期望(desirableadj.值得做的;值得拥有的;理想的)

·haveastrongdesirefor/todosth

强烈渴望某物/做某事

·desire(sb)todosth希望(某人)做某事

desirethat...(should)do...渴望……

(1)Manyastronomershaveadesireforgroundbreakingdiscoveries,yettheymoredeeplydesire

thatthefundamentallawsoftheuniverse(should)beunderstood(understand).

(2)Itisbeyondargumentthatdevelopingstrongcommunicationskillsishighlydesirable(desire)for

careersuccess.

(3)我对太空探索如此感兴趣,以至于我强烈渴望成为一名航天员。

IamsointerestedinspaceexplorationthatIhaveastrongdesire/stronglydesiretobeanastronaut.

carryon继续做;坚持干

carryondoingsth继续做某事

carryonwithsth继续某事

carryout实施;履行;贯彻

carrysbthrough帮助某人渡过难关

(1)由于缺乏足够的氧气,那名航天员无法继续他的任务。

Lackingsufficientoxygen,theastronautcouldnotcarryonwithhismission.

(2)他双腿颤抖地站了起来,继续沿路慢慢地走着。(续写之动作描写)

Herosetohisfeetonshakylegs,andcarriedonwalkingslowlydowntheroad.

(3)尽管失败了,这位科学家相信他的决心和努力会帮助他渡过难关。

Despitethefailure,thescientistbelievedhisdeterminationandhardworkwouldcarryhimthrough.

(4)科学家们正计划进行一系列与太空探索相关的实验,以收集更多关于其他行星状况的数

据。

Thescientistsareplanningtocarryoutaseriesofexperimentsrelatedtospaceexplorationto

gathermoredataabouttheconditionsonotherplanets.

the+序数词+n.+todo...第几个做……Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsending

peopleintospace,andon12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldto

enterspace.

后来,苏联致力于把人送入太空,1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太

空的人。

·当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及theonly,thevery等修饰时,常用不定式作定语。

·动词不定式可以用来修饰人和物,一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,即作后置定语。

·有些抽象名词后也常用不定式作定语,常见的有ability,chance,ambition,attempt等。

(1)我强烈推荐李华作为我们的代表,他是我们学校唯一一名在国际天文与天体物理奥赛中获

得金牌的学生,因此他有能力与外国客人进行有效沟通。我坚信他是承担这项任务的最佳人

选。

IstronglyrecommendLiHuaasourrepresentative,whoistheonlystudenttohavewonagold

medalintheInternationalOlympiadonAstronomyandAstrophysicsinourschool,andthushasthe

abilitytoeffectivelycommunicatewithforeignguests.Ifirmlybelievethatheisthebestcandidate

toundertakethistask.

(2)我们抓住了追求太空探索和推进我们对宇宙理解的黄金机会。

Weseizedthegoldenchancetopursuespaceexplorationandadvanceourunderstandingofthe

universe.

1.Whatisthecurrent①statusofourapplicationforfundingrelatedtospaceexploration?Our

managersaysthatthecurrent①trendinspaceresearchseemstobeleaningtowardssupporting

innovativeprojectslikeours.Weloseinthoughtanddesiretoachieveourgoal.Whenacurrent②of

aircomesintotheoffice,itfeelslikeagentlebreezethatcalmsusdown.

①adj.当前的;现在的②n.气流

2.Thescientistoccupies①herselfinreadingbooksaboutspaceexploration,whileherdeskis

occupied②withnotes,maps,andvariousresearchmaterials.Sheholdsthatalifeoccupied③with

purposeismeaningful.

①vt.使忙于②vt.占用③adj.忙于……的

3.Astheclassmonitor①,heensuresalltheclassroommonitors②areingoodworkingorder,and

considersitpartofhisdutytocloselymonitor③themforanyneededadjustments.

①n.班长②n.监视器③vt.监控;监视

4.Beforemymission,ItookaphotoattheSpaceScienceAcademyattached①toBeijing

University.Iattached②thisphototothelettersenttomyfamily,inwhichIwrotethatIattached③

greatimportancetoourshareddreamofexploringtheuniverse’smysteries.

①adj.附属于②vt.贴③vt.认为……重要

1.Thesediscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthecapacityforlifeonourplanet,eveninthemost

extremecircumstances(circumstance).

2.Thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignals(signal)thatwe

reallyhavechangedourplanet.

3.Beingatoughenvironmentofcompletedarkness,enormouspressureandintensecold,theocean

depthshavelongbeenbeyondthereachofhumanexploration.

4.SomemachinelearningexpertssaidthesystemshowedChina’slatestprogressinvoice

recognition,text-to-speechtechnologyanddataanalysis(analyse).

5.Thehurricanewassostrongthatallthepassengersonboardfellintotheriverandwerekilled.

6.Afteraspacecraftislaunched(launch),theastronautshouldmakesureitgoesintherightorbit.

7.Actually,IamsokeenonspaceexplorationthatIregularlygotothelibraryinthehopeof

gainingsufficientknowledgeabouttheuniverse.

8.Everyyear,poisonouswasteresultsinmajorhealthproblems,makingusworried.

9.Spaceexplorationhelpstoaddressfundamentalquestionsaboutourplaceintheuniverse,

making(make)ushaveabetterunderstandingoftheuniverse.

10.Theyareexperimentingwithgrowingcropsinspacesoastohelp(help)astronautsgetenough

foodonlongerjourneysthroughspace.

Mankindhasmanagedtocreatevehiclestocarryastronautsintospace.Welaunchrockets

carryingsatellitesthatorbittheEarth,transmittingcrucialdataandsignalsbacktous.Theyalso

developspaceshipscapableoftransportinghumanstodistantplanetsandmoons.Manyintelligent

peoplearedeterminedtodevote1.themselves(them)tospaceexploration,eventhoughfatalspace

disasterswhichkilledastronautsonboardmakethem2.disappointed(disappoint).Besides,when

3.living(live)inspace,theastronautshavetorecycledirtywatersoastouseitlater.Forlack4.of

gravity,theirmusclesbecomeincrediblyweak,requiringthemtomonitortheirhealth

regularly.Theyhavetotapeeverythingup,5.otherwise/ortheywouldfloataround.Theyalsoneed

tofigureoutaway6.tostore(store)sufficientfoodoroxygen.Butpeople’sdesiretoexploitspace

neverdies.Chinaisthethirdcountrytosendhumansintospace

7.independently(independent).ThissignalsagiantleapforwardforChina.Somepeopleargue

thatwe8.(should)stop(stop)wastingtimeandmoneyonspaceexploration,9.whichisashallow

view.It’sbeyondargumentthatourplanet’sresourcesarelimited,andweshouldfindanew

hometoprovidefortheeverincreasingpopulation.Inclosing,weattachgreat

10.significance(significant)toexploringandweshouldcarryonwiththisgrandmission.

你校英文报正在组织题为“MyUnderstandingofSpaceExploration”的征文活动。请你用英

语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:

1.太空探索的重要性;

2.举例说明你的理由。

完成句子

1.在我看来,太空探索对人类的进步和发展至关重要,为未来的技术进步和科学发现奠定了

基础。(laythefoundationfor)

Inmyopinion,spaceexplorationiscrucialfortheprogressanddevelopmentofmankind,laying

thefoundationforfuturetechnologicaladvancementsandscientificdiscoveries.

2.首先,它拓展了我们对宇宙及其起源的理解,为天文学及其他基础科学的进步做出了重大

贡献。(expand,现在分词短语作状语)

Firstofall,itexpandsourunderstandingoftheuniverseanditsorigin,contributingsignificantlyto

advancementsinastronomyandotherfundamentalsciences.

3.这些创新使我们能够更有效地预测和应对自然灾害,从而拯救无数生命。(enablesbtodo)

Theseinnovationsenableustopredictandrespondtonaturaldisastersmoreeffectively,saving

countlesslives.

4.最后,太空探索为利用对人类长期生存至关重要的未来资源(theutilizationoffuture

resources)提供了前景。(形容词短语作后置定语)

Lastly,spaceexplorationoffersprospectsfortheutilizationoffutureresourcesvitaltohumanity’s

long-termsurvival.

5.例如,人们普遍承认,当我们去一个不熟悉的地方时,我们总是求助于GPS,而这便是

太空探索的成就之一。(itbe+过去分词+that...)

Forexample,itisacknowledgedthatwhenwegotoanunfamiliarplace,wealwaysturntoGPSfor

help,andthatisoneoftheachievementsofspaceexploration.

组句成篇

把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。

参考范文

MyUnderstandingofSpaceExploration

Inmyopinion,spaceexplorationiscrucialfortheprogressanddevelopmentofmankind,

layingthefoundationforfuturetechnologicaladvancementsandscientificdiscoveries.

Firstofall,itexpandsourunderstandingoftheuniverseanditsorigin,contributing

significantlytoadvancementsinastronomyandotherfundamentalsciences.Inaddition,itdrives

technologicalinnovationandimprovesoureverydaylives.Theseinnovationsenableustopredict

andrespondtonaturaldisastersmoreeffectively,savingcountlesslives.Lastly,spaceexploration

offersprospectsfortheutilizationoffutureresourcesvitaltohumanity’slong-termsurvival.

Thebenefitsofspaceexplorationareintegratedintoourdailylives.Forexample,itis

acknowledgedthatwhenwegotoanunfamiliarplace,wealwaysturntoGPSforhelp,andthatis

oneoftheachievementsofspaceexploration.Inaword,byinvestinginspaceexploration,wepave

thewayforabrighterfuture.

语料积累情感细节描写:惊讶(二)

stunnedadj.(因惊讶、震惊而)目瞪口呆的astoundingadj.令人震惊的speechless

单词

adj.(因惊愕)一时语塞的dumbfoundedadj.惊呆了的

wearalookofsurpriseonone’sface面带惊讶的表情benumbwithsurprise/shock

词块惊呆toosurprisedtoutteraword/bespeechlesswithshock惊讶得说不出话gasp

inastonishment惊讶得倒吸一口气bedominatedbyanoverwhelmingsenseof

amazement被一种强烈的惊异感所支配raisetheeyebrows/frowninsurprise惊

讶得挑眉/皱眉freeze/standstill/stopdead/benumbwithshock惊呆了

1.Sostunnedwasshethatshecouldhardlysayanyword.(倒装结构)她惊愕得说

不出话来。

2.Seeingtheastonishingscene,hewasthrownintoastonishment.(现在分词短语作

状语)

看到这惊人的场面,他大吃一惊。

3.Alookofsurprisespreadoverthefaceofmycompanionashelistenedtomy

story.(无灵主语句)

我的同伴听了我的故事,脸上露出惊讶的表情。

句型

4.Atthenewsofhisdeath,IwassoshockedthatIwentnumb.听到他去世的消息,

我太过震惊,呆若木鸡。

5.Frozen/Speechlesswithshock,weapproachedandfoundthedriverofthecarwas

asix-year-oldboy.(形容词短语作状语)我们靠近,发现车子的司机是一个六岁男

孩,都惊呆了/惊得说不出话来。

6.Atthenewsofhisdeath,Istoodthere,unabletoutterawordwithshock.(形容词

短语作状语)

听到他去世的消息,我站在那里,惊讶得说不出话。

语料运用

Newscamethatallastronautsonboardreturnedsafely,andmadeabreakthroughinscientific

research.Peoplealloverthecountrybreathedasighofrelief.①Soexcitedwasthepresidentthat(倒

装结构)histhroatfelttight,②unabletoutteraword(形容词短语作状语).Thenewstookaload

offhismind.Once,thedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed,butthedesireofhumansto

exploretheuniverseneverdied.Scientistsandastronautsdeterminedtocarryontheirresearch,

③hopingtomakecontributionsto(现在分词短语作状语)allmankindandhelppeoplesurvive

intothefuture.

消息传来,机上所有航天员安全返回,并在科学研究上有了突破。全国人民都松了一口

气。总统如此激动以至于他的喉咙紧绷,一句话也说不出来。这则消息令他如释重负。曾经,

灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但是人类探索宇宙的愿望从未停止。科学家和航天员决心

继续他们的研究,希望能为全人类做出贡献并帮助人类在未来生存。

单元主题组合练

[分值:62.5分]

Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分20分)

A

(2025·江苏南通调研)

InMortenTyldum’smoviePassengers,charactersJimPrestonandAuroraLaneareona

120-yearinterstellarjourneywith5,000otherpeople.Theirdestination:HomesteadⅡ,anewworld

tostarttheirlivesanew.Tosurvivethetravel,passengersenteredhibernation(冬眠),eachone

frozenintheirownpod.However,somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstoo

early.Butwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthanthe

romanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?

Hibernationisastateinwhichlivingorganismsslowdowntheirmetabolic(新陈代谢的)

processeswhilemaintainingessentialfunctions.Onceinsidethesepods,astronautswillgetdrugsto

adjustmetabolism,reducecoretemperature,andcauseinactivity.OncebackonEarth,theywill

wakeupandgraduallyreadopttheirnormalfunctionalmetabolism.

ForgoingtoMars,astronautswouldrequireabout30kgoffood,water,air,andothersupplies

perday.Thus,hibernationcansignificantlycutdownontheiressentialneeds.Additionally,

hibernatingastronautswouldn’tgetbored,stressed,orlonely,andlesstimeandspacewouldbe

neededtohelpkeepthemfitorentertained.

Butthisismerelythetheory.Spaceagenciesareinvestigatingwhetherreducingbody

temperatureandlaterinducing(导致)metabolismisamorepracticaloption,while,mostresearch

projectsarecurrentlyfocusingonanimals.Thequestionis:howcanweevokehibernationin

speciesthatarenotnormallydoingthat?Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats,notnaturally

hibernatinganimals,isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismore

①relatabletoours.

Theconceptisnotbeingconsideredforthe②forthcomingMarsmission,butforlonger

missionstofartherdestinationssuchastheouterplanets,itcouldbeaveryuseful

technology.Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversialconcept,andcriticsmayconsiderit

asamadscientist’sdream.However,withoutsuchdreamers,humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddle

Ages.

语篇解读这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的理论及其研究进展。

1.WhydoestheauthormentionthemoviePassengers?

A.Toadvertiseapopularsci-fispacemovie.

B.Tointroduceanewapproachtolongspaceflights.

C.Toexplorethepossibilityofsettlinganotherplanet.

D.Torevealthepotentialdangersoflongspacetravels.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup

90yearstooearly.Butwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappen

thantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?”可推知,作者提到电影《太空旅客》是为了

引出下文关于太空旅行中冬眠这一话题,介绍一种长途太空飞行的新方法。故选B。

2.Whathappenstohibernatingastronauts?

A.Theirfunctionalmetabolismisdisturbed.

B.Theyneedmoretimeandspaceforentertainment.

C.Theylosethebalancebetweenbasicneedsandsupplies.

D.Theirphysicalandmentalneedsarereducedtoaminimum.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知,冬眠的宇航员基本需求会显著减少,也不会感到

无聊、有压力或孤独,用于保持健康和娱乐的时间和空间也更少,说明他们的身体和心理需

求都被降到了最低。故选D。

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evoke”inparagraph4mean?

A.Initiate.B.Justify.

C.Define.D.Prioritize.

答案A

解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats,notnaturallyhibernating

animals,isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismorerelatableto

ours.”可知,此处为我们如何让那些通常不冬眠的物种进入冬眠状态?故可猜测画线单词

evoke为“唤起,引起”的意思,和A选项Initiate“发起,启动”意思相近。故选A。

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhibernationforhumans?

A.Itmaybeariskystrategy.

B.Itisadreamhardtorealize.

C.Itcanadvancesocialprogress.

D.Itchallengestraditionalmoralvalues.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversial

concept,andcriticsmayconsideritasamadscientist’sdream.However,withoutsuchdreamers,

humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddleAges.”可知,作者认为人类冬眠在伦理上有争议,批评者

可能认为这是疯狂科学家的梦想,但如果没有这样的梦想家,人类可能还处于中世纪,说明

作者认为人类冬眠可以推动社会进步。故选C。

语境猜词

①relatable(派)=relat(e)+ableadj.有关系的

②forthcoming(合)=forth+comingadj.即将发生的

B

(2026·河南安阳模拟预测)

Starsareborninspecialareasofspacecalledstellarnurseries(恒星孕育区),wherelarge

amountsofgasanddustcometogethertoformnewstars.Theseenormousregions,alsoknownas

molecular(分子的)clouds,stretchacrosshundredsoflight-yearsandcreatethousandsof

stars.However,didstarsalwaysforminthesamewaythroughouttheuniverse’shistory?

ArecentstudyfromKyushuUniversityandOsakaMetropolitanUniversitysuggeststhatstars

intheearlyuniversemighthaveformedinsoftmolecularclouds,whichmakethemfloatlike

cotton.ThisdiscoverywasmadebyobservingtheSmallMagellanicCloud(SMC),asmallgalaxy

neartheMilkyWay.TheSMChasfewerheavyelementscomparedtoourgalaxy,makingitsimilar

totheconditionsoftheearlyuniverseabout10billionyearsago.

Inourgalaxy,molecularcloudsthathelpformstarsusuallyhavealongthinshape.Scient

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