Unit 4 Humour（复习课件）-2022-2023学年高二英语单元复习练（北师大版2019选择性必修第二册）

北师大版2019选择性必修第二册Unit4Humour知识点复习1.pretendvt.&vi.假装,装作*(2019·天津高考)SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.所以我随身带着一本书,每天晚上,为了像她一样,我都假装在读书。*Themanpretendedtobelocalbuthisaccentgavehimaway.他假装是当地人,但是他的口音出卖了他。*Hepretendedtohavefinishedhishomeworkinordertogoouttoplay.为了能出去玩,他假装已经完成了作业。要点复习【词块积累】pretendtodo 假装做某事pretendtobedoing 假装正在做某事pretendtohavedone 假装已经做过某事pretendthat... 假装……【要点微练】(1)语法填空①Sarahpretended_____(be)cheerful,sayingnothingabouttheargument.

②Theboypretended____________(sleep)whenhismotherenteredtheroom.

③Althoughhedidn’tknowtheanswer,hepretended_____________(know)it.

tobetobesleepingtohaveknown2.humorousadj.幽默的,诙谐的*(2020·江苏高考)Somepeople—andIwasoneofthem—believethathumorouscomplaintsaboutthelittleproblemsoflifemakehumour,andsometimesthatisthecase.有些人——我也是其中之一——认为对于生活中一些小问题的诙谐的抱怨可以产生幽默,而且有时确实如此。*Theoldmanissohumorousthatheoftenmakespeoplearoundburstoutlaughing.那位老人非常幽默,经常使周围的人哄然大笑。*(2020·江苏高考)Soevenifyourowneffortsathumourfallshort,youmightbefreeingthelongkepthumourinothers.所以,即使你自己在幽默方面的努力没有达到预期效果,你也可能会释放出别人长久以来保持的幽默感。【词块积累】(1)humour

n.幽默,诙谐asenseofhumour 幽默感(2)humorist n.幽默作家,诙谐风趣的人【小词汇·大文化】Thehumourcomesfromwisdom,verbalabusefromincompetence.幽默来自智慧,恶语来自无能。【要点微练】

(1)用humour的恰当形式填空①Hewaseasy-going,_________andagreeableinhisdailyliving.②Asisknowntoall,MarkTwainwasagreat________.③Someonewhohasasenseof_______canenjoyajokefromtimetotime.(2)他讲了一则和他的旅行相关的幽默故事。译:___________________________________

humoroushumoristhumourHetoldahumorousstoryabouthistrip.3.facialadj.面部的,脸上的*Sometimeit’shardtounderstandapersonbyhisfacialexpressions.有时候,很难通过一个人的面部表情来明白他的意思。*Suchwasthesituationwewerefacing.那就是我们面临的形势。*Ishoweverythingonmyface,whetherI’mangryorpleased.我不论是生气还是高兴,都表现在脸上。【词块积累】face

n.脸,面孔;表面

v.面临,面向;正视facetoface 面对面in(the)faceof 面对,在……的情况下loseface 丢脸befacedwith 面临,面对【要点微练】(1)Accordingtoher_______________,weknewthatshewasangry.

我们从她的面部表情知道,她生气了。(2)Iwanttodiscusstheplanforourvacationwithyou__________.

我想面对面地跟你讨论一下我们的度假计划。(3)__________theseverefinancialburden,hehadtoworkdayandnight.

面临沉重的经济负担,他不得不日夜工作。facialexpressionfacetofaceFacedwith4.anxietyn.焦虑,不安,担心*Worriedaboutthecomingexamination,shewasfullofanxiety.由于担心即将来临的考试,她充满了焦虑。*Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.由于一直很焦虑,我每次全神贯注的时间不超过一小时。*Idon’twonderyouareanxiousabouttheirsafety.你担心他们的安全,我是不奇怪的。*Hewaswaitingforthebusanxiously.他在焦急地等公交车。【词块积累】(1)anxious

adj.焦急的,焦虑的beanxiousabout... 为……担忧beanxiousfor... 渴望……

beanxioustodosth. 急切地做某事(2)withanxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiously adv.焦急地,焦虑地【要点微练】语法填空(1)Thereisnoreasontobeanxious_____theresult.(2)Hewasanxious_______(know)theexamresult.

(3)Somehospitalpatientsexperiencehighlevelsof_______(anxious).(4)Everybodyiswaiting_________(anxious)forthedoctor.abouttoknowanxietyanxiously5.significantadj.重要的,重大的(2021·浙江高考)Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.霍贝特博士说,这是通话和手势之间的显著差异。*Theproposalstheyputforwardatthemeetingwereoflittlesignificance.他们在会议上的提议没有什么意义。*Salesaresignificantlylowerthanlastyear,whichisverydisappointing.销售量比去年低了很多,这一点十分令人失望。【词块积累】

(1)significance

n.重要性,意义beofsignificance=besignificant

很重要/有意义(2)significantly adv.在相当大程度上【要点微练】用significant的恰当形式填空(1)Oneofthe______________andhistoriclandmarksintheUnitedStatesistheSanFranciscocablecarsystem.

(2)Hefailedtounderstanditsreal___________.(3)America’sairlineshave___________higherproductivitythanEuropeanones.(4)一句多译Allstudentsthoughtthelecturewas__________________.

=Allstudentsthoughtthelecturewas______________.

所有的学生都认为讲座很有意义。mostsignificantsignificancesignificantlyofgreatsignificanceverysignificant6.embarrassedadj.难堪的,尴尬的*IneverwanttobeinasituationwhereIfeelembarrassed.我不想处于尴尬的境地。*Itembarrassedhergreatlytoborrowmoneyfromhimagain.再次向他借钱让她感到很难堪。*Shetoldafunnystorytorelievetheembarrassment.她讲了个滑稽的故事来缓解尴尬。*Hisquestionputeverybodyinanembarrassingsituation.他的问题让大家陷入尴尬。【词块积累】(1)embarrassing

adj.令人尴尬的embarrass vt.使尴尬embarrassment n.尴尬,困窘(2)withembarrassment 尴尬地beembarrassedat/by/with 对……感到尴尬【要点微练】用embarrass的适当形式填空Mydaughter’stalkingwithhermouthfulloffoodoften___________me.Muchtomy______________,althoughIam___________withherabouther____________

habit,shecan’tgetridofit.

embarrassesembarrassmentembarrassedembarrassing7.consumevt.消耗,吃,消费*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.照明占据美国用电消耗总量的大约百分之七。*WhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatchingtheirweight,whiletheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,continuetostaythin?为什么美国人得努力控制体重,而吃得很油腻的法国人却能保持苗条?*Mycurrentresearchisreallyaboutconsumerbehavior.我目前的研究正是关于消费者行为的。*Thefoodisforourconsumptiononthetrip.这些食物是我们在旅行途中吃的。【词块积累】consumer

n.消费者,用户consumption n.消耗,食用,消耗量【要点微练】用consume的恰当形式填空(1)Palmoilisthemostwidely_________vegetableoilintheworld.(2)Thehightaxmadethe__________unwillingtobuyalcohol.(3)Thechildren_____________allthehotdogsandhamburgerswhenIcamein.

(4)The____________ofcoalinthatfactoryisfivetonsaday.

consumedconsumershadconsumedconsumption8.confusedadj.困惑的*ForeigntouristsareoftenconfusedinJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon’thavenames.外国游客在日本通常会感到迷惑,因为那里的大多数街道没有名字。*Don’tgivemesomuchinformation—you’reconfusingme.别跟我说那么多消息,你都把我搞糊涂了。*Thisisaconfusingwordbecauseithastwomeanings.这个单词令人困惑,因为它有两个含义。*Thenewsthrewourplansintoconfusion.这个消息使我们的计划陷入一片混乱。【词块积累】(1)confuse

vt.使糊涂;使迷惑confuseAwith/andB 把A与B混淆(2)be/getconfusedby/about... 对……感到困惑(3)confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n.混乱;困惑【要点微练】语法填空(1)Youmadeamistake;youconfusedAustralia____Austria.(2)Hisanswertothequestionis_________(confuse).(3)The________lookonherfacesuggestedshewas________aboutthe_________

instructions.(confuse)withconfusingconfusedconfusedconfusing9.Whydothesethingsmakeuslaugh?

为什么这些事情令我们发笑?【句式解构】makeuslaugh属于“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,此处的宾语补足语是不带to的不定式。*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforthem.她想知道几个世纪的潜水经历能否导致他们身体特征的进化,从而使得这项工作对他们来说更容易。*Hewastheyoungest,buttheystilldecidedtomakehimcaptain.尽管他最年轻,但他们仍决定选他当队长。*Musicusuallymakesusfeelrelaxed.音乐常常使我们感到放松。*Makeyourselfathome.请不要客气。(1)在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,可以充当宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式(不带to)、过去分词(2)不定式作宾语补足语时,被动形式需要还原不定式符号to。Hewasmadetocleanthedeskasecondtime.他被要求再擦一遍桌子。【要点微练】(1)语法填空①Doingexerciseeverydaymakeshim_______(health).②Shetriedtomakeherself__________(understand)whilegivinghertalk.③Ourteachermakesus___(feel)moreconfident.(2)Livingalone,theoldmanmadethedog_________.

由于独自生活,那位老人与他的狗为伴。healthyunderstoodfeelhisfriend10.innocentlyadv.装作若无其事地;无辜地*Hewalkedcasuallyintothestoreandinnocentlyofferedtobuythecatfor20dollars.他随意地走进商店,装作若无其事地提出用20美元买那只猫。*Thepoliceknewfromdayonethathewasinnocentofthecrime.从第一天起警方就知道他是无罪的。*Hemaintainedhisinnocencethroughoutthetrial.在审判中他自始至终坚称自己无罪。【词块积累】(1)innocent

adj.无辜的,无罪的;天真的beinnocentof 无罪,无辜(2)innocence n.无罪,无辜;天真无邪【要点微练】用innocent的恰当形式填空(1)Thenaughtyboylookedathisteacher_________asifhehaddonenothingwrong.(2)Noonebelievedhewas________.(3)Thepoliceaskedhimtofindevidencetoprovehis_________.

innocentlyinnocentinnocence11.forsale供售卖*I’msorry,butthecatisn’tforsale.很抱歉,这只猫不卖。*Allthepicturesinthisexhibitionareforsale.这些展出的画都是供售卖的。*Willthenewproductbeonsaleasearlyasthenextmonth?这个新产品最早下个月能出售吗?【词块积累】onsale出售;廉价出售【要点微练】语法填空(1)Ifthingsare___sale,youmaybuythem.(2)Tomatosoupthatisusuallysoldattwelvecentsacanisnow___salefortencents.(3)Thebookhasbeenpublishedbutwon’tbe___saletillnextweek.(4)Thesignonthathousesays“___sale”.Shallwefindouttheprice?forononfor12.handover移交;拿给(另一人)*Theownersaid“sold”andhandedoverthecat.店主说“成交”,然后把猫递给了他。*Pleaseremembertohandbackyourroomkeybeforeleavingthehotel.离开旅馆之前请记着交还房间钥匙。*Thiscustomhasbeenhandeddownsincethe18thcentury.这个习俗是从十八世纪流传下来的。*Eachstudenthastohandinacompositiononceaweek.每个学生必须每周交一篇作文。*Willyouhelpmehandouttheleafletsatthemeeting?你能帮我在会议上发一下宣传册吗?【词块积累】handback 交还handdown 传下来,传给handin 交上来handout 分发,散发【要点微练】用恰当的介、副词填空(1)Ourfathershanded_____thesecustomstous.(2)Thethiefwashanded____tothepolice.(3)Theteacherhanded___thebooksatthebeginningoftheclass.(4)Themasterlookedthroughthestudent’sworkandhandedit_____withoutcomment.

downoveroutback13.beusedto习惯于*Nowadays,theyoungergenerationsareusedtocommunicatingwitheachothervisually.现在,年轻一代习惯视觉交流。*Weusedtothinkthatinsectswerethesmallestorganisms,andthatnothingliveddeeperthansixhundredmeters.我们曾经认为昆虫是最小的生物,没有什么生物能生活在600米以下。*Thestickssometimesareusedaspencilsonthesandbythechildreninthatremoteschool.在那所偏远的学校,树枝有时被孩子们当作铅笔在沙地上写字。【词块积累】beusedtodosth. 被用来做某事usedtodosth. 过去常常做某事beusedas 被当作……来用beusedfor 被用来做……【要点微练】语法填空(1)Afewcharactersareused________(create)asingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.

(2)Mostseniorschoolstudentsareusedto______(get)upearly.(3)I’mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIused_______(think).

(4)Itseemedstrangethatsoundcanbeused__aweapon.tocreategettingtothinkas14.faithfuladj.忠诚的*Dogsarefaithfulfriendsofhumanbeings.狗是人类忠实的朋友。*Havingsuffereddefeatafterdefeat,hebegantolosefaithinhimself.在经历了一次又一次的打击之后,他对自己失去了信心。*Brownservedusfaithfullyformanyyears.布朗忠心地为我们服务了很多年。【词块积累】(1)befaithfultosb. 忠诚于某人(2)faith n.信心,信赖,信念havefaithin 相信keep/breakfaith(with) 对……守信/不守信losefaithin 对……失去信心(3)faithfully adv.忠实地,真心实意地【要点微练】语法填空(1)Wedon’thaveanyfaith__hisplanbecauseheisn’tquiteequaltohisposition.(2)Healwayskeepsfaith____hisfriends,therefore,theyalltrusthim.(3)Ihopeyouwillbefaithful__yourpromisethatyouwilltryyourbesttobeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.(4)Thefostermothercaredforthoseboysas________(faithful)asiftheyhadbeenherownsons.inwithtofaithfully15.potentiallyadv.可能地,潜在地*Ittellsmethattherearemillionsofgalaxiesandpotentiallybillionsofplanets.它使我知道可能有数百万个星系和几十亿颗潜藏的行星。*Everyseedisapotentialplant.每一粒种子都可能成长为一棵植物。*Theboyhasactingpotential,butheneedstraining.那个男孩有表演潜力,但是需要训练。【词块积累】potential

adj.潜在的,可能的

n.潜在性,可能性potentiality n.潜力,潜在性【要点微练】语法填空(1)Thesituationisunstableand__________(potential)dangerous.(2)Althoughitwasverypoorthereinthepast,nowitisanarea_____________________(具有很大潜力).

potentiallywithgreatpotentialities16.scientificadj.科学(上)的*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.长期以来,人与植物之间的关系就是科学研究的主题。*Theboydreamsofbecomingafamousscientistinthefuture.这个男孩梦想将来成为一位著名的科学家。*Moststudentsfindsciencehardtolearn.大部分学生发现理科很难学。【词块积累】scientist

n.科学家science n.科学,理科scientifically adv.科学地,在科学上【要点微练】语法填空(1)Hersparetimeisoccupiedbyreading________(science)magazines.(2)Thishomecaremethodisbasedonthe___________(scientific)studiedlifestylechoicesofthelongestandhealthiestlivingpeopleonearth.(3)_________(scientist)saytheirbiggestchallengeistofindacheapwaytochangethesugarsinthefoodwastetoaformtheyeastcanconsumeeasily.scientificscientificallyScientists17.measurementn.测量,计量,衡量*Themeasurementofindividualintelligenceisverydifficult.个体智力的衡量是很困难的。*Itishightimethatwetakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.我们是时候该采取措施保护环境了。*Howvaluableyouareisnotmeasuredbyhowprettyyouareontheoutside.你的价值不是通过你的外表来衡量的。【词块积累】measure

vi.&vt.(长度、数量)为;测量;衡量

n.计量制;计量单位;措施;尺寸measure...by... 用……来衡量……bemeasuredby/in 用……来衡量/计算takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.

采取措施做某事makesth.tosb.’smeasure 照某人的尺寸做某物【要点微练】(1)语法填空①It’sgenerallyacknowledgedthateducationshouldn’t___________(measure)onlybyexaminationresults.

②Somevillagersreportedahugesnake,__________(measure)overtwometreslong,wasfounddeadinanearbycave.③Wecanfindthesizeofsomethingbymeansof____________(measure).(2)Thenumberofthemislessthan1,000,soIhopeyoucan_________________________toprotectthem.

它们的数量不足1000只,因此我希望你们能采取有效措施来保护它们。bemeasuredmeasuringmeasurementtakesomeeffectivemeasures18.bleedvi.流血,出血*Thebleedingmannexttohimwaslookingathiswatchnervously.他旁边那个流血的人正在紧张地看着手表。*Hegavehisbloodtohelphissister.他献血帮助他的妹妹。*Jackcamehomewithabloodynose.杰克鼻子流着血回家了。【词块积累】(1)blood

n.血液,血统bloody adj.血腥的,流血的bleeding n.流血,出血(2)bleedtodeath 流血而死【要点微练】(1)语法填空①Thecutonhisfingerwas________(bleed).②Withoutrescue,theseriouslywoundedsoldier____(bleed)todeathslowly.③Weallconsiderita______(blood)battleinhistory.(2)Hewouldn’tletthedoctor____________________(测量血压).

bleedingbledbloodytakehisbloodpressure19.consultationn.就诊;咨询*Finally,afterhehadbeenwaitingforabouthalfanhour,hewascalledinforhisconsultation.最后,在他等了大约半个小时之后,他被叫进去就诊。*Hewasgoingtotowntoconsulthisdoctor.他准备去镇上找他的医生就诊。【词块积累】(1)consult

vt.&vi.咨询,就诊,查考consultwith 和……商议(2)inconsultationwith 和……商议;诊疗【要点微练】一句多译Hewasconsultingwithhisparentsbeforemakingtheimportantdecisiontogoabroad.=Hewas_________________hisparentsbeforemakingtheimportantdecisiontogoabroad.

inconsultationwith20.announcevt.宣布,宣告*Theyannouncedthatshewouldgiveanextrasong.他们宣布她将再唱一首歌。*Thenewgovernmentannounceditspolicyatonce.新政府立刻宣布了它的政策。*Thisannouncementgreatlyexcitedus.这个通知令我们很激动。*Herdreamistobeatelevisionannouncer.她的梦想是成为一位电视播音员。【词块积累】(1)announcesth./that... 宣布,宣告(2)announcement n.宣告,布告,通告announcer n.广播员,报幕员【要点微练】语法填空(1)Alltheaudiencewerewaitingforthefinalresultofthecompetition_______________(announce).

(2)Heannounced____hewouldwalkhome.(3)Ididn’tunderstandwhatthe__________(announce)said.(4)Theofficial_____________(announce)wasmadeoneortwodayslater.tobeannouncedthatannouncerannouncement21.deservevt.应得,应受到*Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeservesourduerespect.不管是多么平凡的工作,它在社会中都起着一定的作用,因此值得我们应有的尊敬。*Shedeservedtowinbecauseshewasthebest.她应该获胜,因为她是最棒的。*Herperformancedeservedtobepraised/praising.她的表现值得表扬。【词块积累】deserve+n. 值得……;应得……deservetodo 值得做……;应该做……sth.deserve(s)doing/tobedone 某事值得做【要点微练】语法填空(1)It’struethatshewasinpoorconditionbutshehardlydeserves______(lose)herjob.

(2)Globalwarmingissuchagreatthreatthatalltheoptionsdeserve________________________________(explore).

tolosetobeexplored/exploring/exploration22.Afamousartcollectorwaswalkingthroughthecitywhenhenoticedadirtycatlappingmilkfromasaucerinthedoorwayofastore.一位艺术品收集者正在步行穿过城市,就在那时他注意到了一只很脏的猫正在一个商店门口从一只杯托里舔食牛奶。

【句式解构】bedoing...when...“正在做……,就在这时……”。*IwaswatchingTVwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.我正在看电视,这时响起了猛烈的敲门声。*Iwasabouttophonehimwhenhephonedme.我刚要给他打电话,就在这时,他给我打来了电话。*Shewasonthepointofgoingoutwhenthetelephonerang.她正要出去,电话铃响了。【词块积累】beabouttodo...when... 正要做……,就在这时……

beonthepointofdoing...when... 正要做……这时……

hadjustdone...when... 刚刚做完……,这时……

【要点微练】(1)语法填空①We___________(have)meetingwhensomeonebrokein.

②Ihadjustcomeoutofthekitchen_____someoneknockedatthedoor.(2)我们正要动身,这时开始下雨了。译:___________________________________________.

werehavingwhenWewereabouttosetoff/outwhenitbegantorain23.energisevt.使充满活力,使增强决心*Doingexerciseeverymorningenergisestheoldman.每天早上锻炼使那位老人充满活力。*Theboyissofullofenergythathecan’tkeepstill.那个男孩精力充沛,静不下来。*Idon’tfeelenergeticenoughtorushabout,soIwillsitdown.我感到没有足够的精力四处奔走,所以我会坐下来。*Heworkedenergeticallytofulfillthesetasks.为了完成这些任务,他工作力度很大。【词块积累】(1)energy

n.精力,能量fullofenergy 精力充沛saveenergy 节约能源(2)energetic adj.精力充沛的,富有活力的(3)energetically adv.有力地,大力地【要点微练】用energise的适当形式填空(1)Stayingpositivehelpsto_______us.(2)Ihaveneverseensuchan________child.(3)Hewasamanofgreat______andcharacter.(4)Thathecanwork___________everydayastonishesmanypeople.

energiseenergeticenergyenergetically24.infectionn.感染,传染*Shewasafraidofcarryingtheinfectiontoherchild.她害怕传染孩子。*Theentireclasswasinfectedwiththefluvirus.全班同学都被流感病毒传染了。*COVID-19isaninfectiousdisease.新冠肺炎是一种传染性疾病。【词块积累】

(1)infect

vt.传染,感染;影响beinfectedwith 被……传染/感染(2)infectious adj.传染性的【要点微练】用infect的适当形式填空The_________diseasespreadsoquicklythatit_______thousandsofpeopleinashorttime.Expertswarnedthatpeoplecanguardagainstthe________bywearingamaskovertheface.

infectiousinfectedinfection25.accidentallyadv.偶然地,意外地*Hegotinjuredaccidentallywhenoperatingthemachine.他操作机器的时候意外受伤了。*ThereisacaraccidentthereatleastonceaweekandtodayInearlyknockedintosomebodycrossingtheroad.那里每周至少有一起车祸发生,我今天差点撞上一个正在过马路的人。*Drowningisthesecond-most-commoncauseofaccidentalinjuryordeathinadolescents.溺水是青少年意外受伤或死亡的第二常见原因。【词块积累】

(1)accident

n.事故,偶然的事byaccident=bychance 偶然地,意外地(2)accidental adj.偶然的【要点微练】语法填空(1)Toooftenpeoplemeetwithcar________(accident)becausealargevehicleblockstheirview.(2)Ionlymadeheracquaintance___________(accident).(3)ItwassaidthatColumbusdiscoveredAmerica___accident.(4)Noonebelievedthathisinjurywas_________(accident).

accidentsaccidentallybyaccidental26.expensen.费用,花费*(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”当你站起来做演讲的时候,你更多地关注了“听众”,而不是“演讲”。*Theexpenseofagoodeducationisgreat.良好的教育花费不菲。*Shegentlyrefusedtoaccepttheexpensivegifts.她温和地拒绝了接受这些昂贵的礼物。【词块积累】

(1)atone’sexpense 嘲笑某人attheexpenseof 花某人的钱;对某人不利;以……为代价atgreat/little/almostnoexpense

花了很多/很少/几乎没有花钱(2)expensive adj.昂贵的,费钱的【要点微练】(1)Hedevotedhistimetofootball________________________(以学习为代价).

(2)Wehadthecarrepaired______________(花了很少的钱).

(3)Areyoutryingtohaveajoke____________(嘲笑我).

(4)Thereisnoneedforustobuy________________(那么贵的一辆车).

attheexpenseofhisstudiesatlittleexpenseatmyexpensesoexpensiveacar27.relyon依赖,信赖*Hishumorisalwaysmadeclearthroughaseriesofsimpleandfunnyactsthatrelypurelyonbodylanguagethatisuniversal.他的幽默感总是单纯地依靠一系列的很普遍的简单而又滑稽的肢体语言动作清楚地展示出来。*YoucanrelyonPetertopreparethereport.你可以依靠彼得准备报告。*Don’trelyonmy/megoingtothecountrywithyou.别指望我跟你一起去乡村。【词块积累】【要点微练】语法填空(1)Theyrelyontheweeklyboat___supplies.(2)Youcan’trelyonhis_______(come)ontime.(3)WecanrelyonBob_____(do)whateverhepromises.

forcomingtodo28.astonishedadj.吃惊的,惊讶的*Whenhelooksatthemenu,anastonishedlookquicklyappearsonhisface.当他看菜单的时候,脸上立刻露出了惊讶的表情。*Althoughsmokingisforbiddeninpublicplaces,theresultofarecentsurveyastonishedus.尽管在公共场所禁止吸烟,最近的一项调查结果还是让我们吃惊。*Toourastonishment,heshouldhavefailedthetest.令我们吃惊的是,他竟然测试不及格。【词块积累】(1)astonish

vt.使吃惊astonishing adj.令人吃惊的astonishingly adv.令人吃惊地,惊人地(2)astonishment n.惊奇,惊讶inastonishment 惊讶地toone’sastonishment 令某人吃惊的是【要点微练】语法填空(1)Wewere__________atthenewsofhersuddendeath,anditwasreally__________.(astonish)(2)The__________expressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewas__________

attheextraordinarybeautyofthepicture.(astonish)(3)Theylookedaroundthebeautifulyard__astonishment.astonishedastonishingastonishedastonishedin29.rarelyadv.很少,难得*JohnLloydsaysthatonerarelymeetssomeonewithsuchgenius.约翰·劳埃德说,人们很少会遇到这样的天才。*(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.”很少听到有人说“我希望那位演讲者说得再长一些”。*Apersonwhoisalwayshappyisararity.一个总是快乐的人是很罕见的。【词块积累】

(1)rare

adj.少有的,罕见的;稀薄的,稀疏的Itisrare(forsb.)todosth. (对某人来说)做某事是罕见的therareairofthemountains

山上稀薄的空气(2)rarity n.稀有,少见的人或东西【要点微练】用部分倒装结构改写句子(1)Herarelywentanywhereexcepttohisoffice._________________________________________(2)Weseldomgotoschoolbysubway._________________________________

(3)Shehadhardlyenteredtheroomwhenthedoorbellrang.__________________________________________________

Rarelydidhegoanywhereexcepttohisoffice.

Seldomdowegotoschoolbysubway.Hardlyhadsheenteredtheroomwhenthedoorbellrang.30.convincedadj.确信的,信服的*Peoplewereconvincedofhisinnocenceeventually.人们最终相信他是无辜的。*Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.我试着说服自己,麻烦在于问题本身,不在于我。*Theevidenceheprovidedwasn’tconvincingenough.他所提供的证据没有足够的说服力。【词块积累】(1)convincesb.todosth. 说服某人做某事convincesb.ofsth. 使某人相信某事convincesb.that... 使某人相信……(2)beconvincedof/that... 坚信/确信……(3)convincing adj.信服的;有说服力的【要点微练】语法填空(1)I__________________(convince)thattheprintmediaareusuallymoreaccurateandmorereliablethantelevision.

(2)Thereisnow__________(convince)evidencethatsmokingcancauselungcancer.(3)Wefinallyconvincedthem__ourhonestyandtheydecidedtocooperatewithus.havebeenconvincedconvincingof31.Thistimehelookssurprised,asifhedidnotknowitwasthere.

这一次他看上去很吃惊,好像不知道它在那里。【句式解构】asifhedidnotknowitwasthere是asif引导的方式状语从句。*Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.天好像要下雨了。*Shetreatshimasifhewereastranger.她待他如同陌生人。*ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的?*Heopenedhismouthasiftosaysomething.他张开嘴好像要说什么。asif用法点拨(1)asif意为“仿佛;好像”,相当于asthough,常用在动词look,seem,feel等词之后引导表语从句。如果从句表示的情况接近事实,从句用陈述语气;反之,如果从句表示的情况与事实相反,或者是不可能发生,从句用虚拟语气。(2)asif/asthough也常引导方式状语从句,如从句所表达的不是真实情况,常用虚拟语气。(3)asif还可与动词不定式连用,意为“似乎要做某事”。【要点微练】语法填空(1)Heraisedhishandasif___________(command)silence.

(2)Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifshe_____

(be)theirownmother.(3)HetalksaboutRomeasifhe________(be)therebefore.

(4)Heopenedhismouthasifhe_________(say)something.

tocommandwerehadbeenwouldsay32.Thismayexplainwhyhelovesfastcars,ofwhichhehasmany.

这也许能够解释他为什么喜欢跑车,而且有很多跑车。【句式解构】whyhelovesfastcars是一个由why引导的宾语从句;ofwhichhehasmany是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。*Thisisthehouseinwhichthefamouswriterusedtolive.这就是那位著名的作家曾经居住的房子。*ThisisthebookfromwhichIhavelearntalot.这就是那本我从中学到了许多知识的书。*Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcan’tplaycomputergames,crashedyesterday.昨天我的电脑(系统)瘫痪了,没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。(1)在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,关系代词只能用which或whom,不可用that。先行词指物时,用which;先行词指人时,用whom。(2)介词选择的三原则:①介词根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定;②介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定;③介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定。【要点微练】语法填空(1)Thefactory______________heworksisthelargestoneinthiscity.

(2)Theday______________hisfathercamebackfromabroadisthehappiestdayintheboy’slife.

(3)Thisisthebook_________Ipaid50yuan.

(4)Fatherstillremembersthatday________hejoinedtheparty.

where/inwhichwhen/onwhichforwhichonwhich33.Itwasonlylateratuniversitythathedecidedtobecomeanactor.

直到后来他在大学里才决定成为一位演员。【句式解构】这是一个强调句。被强调部分是onlylateratuniversity。该句型常用来强调主语、宾语、状语等。*Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.昨天晚上在实验室里做实验的是我父亲。*Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.昨天晚上我父亲在实验室里是在做实验。*Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.昨天晚上我父亲是在实验室里做的实验。*Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.我父亲是昨天晚上在实验室里做的实验。(1)强调句的结构:Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人时用who)+其他部分.(2)一般来说,如果把句子中的“Itis/was...that/who”去掉,稍加调整语序,能还原成原句,且句子意思依然完整,则为强调句。否则,不是强调句型。【要点微练】(1)语法填空①ItwasJosephRobinetteBiden,Jr_________waselectedthe46thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.

②Inaword,__is