《计算机专业英语》课件 Unit 3 Computer Operating Systems

Lesson1CommonOperatingSystemsLesson2BasicFunctionsofOperatingSystemsLesson3TroubleshootCommonOperatingSystemIssuesUnit3ComputerOperatingSystems156Lesson1CommonOperatingSystemsStartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask157StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1581.Whatdothesecommonoperatingsystemiconsstandfor?Matchthemwiththecorrectnames.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1592.Practicethedialoguewithyourpartner.Then,usetheinformationtomakenewones.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask160Example:StudentA:Hello!Howareyou?StudentB:I’mfine!Whataboutyou?StudentA:Notbad.I’mlearningaboutcomputers.DoyouknowaboutHarmonyOS?StudentB:Yes,Ido.It’sanoperatingsystemusedinmobilephonesandcomputers.StudentA:Whichcountrydevelopedit?StudentB:ItwasdevelopedbyChina.StudentA:That’samazing.Thankyou.StudentB:You’rewelcome.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1611.WhatdoyouthinkofHuawei’stablet?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1622.Listentothedialogueandfillintheblankswiththegivensentences.LiHuaandhisforeignfriendTomaretalkingaboutHuawei’stablet.(L=LiHua,T=Tom)L:Hey,Tom!Gladtoseeyouhere.Howareyoutoday?T:Hi,LiHua!1)

Wow,isthatHuawei’sMatePadPro13.2-inchtabletinyourhand?Itlooksreallysleek!L:Yes,itis.IjustboughtHuawei’stabletwhichrunsHarmonyOS4.3.T:Really?2)L:HarmonyOSisanoperatingsystemdevelopedindependentlybyHuawei.Itrunsverysmoothly,hasasimpleinterface,andalsohasmanyinnovativefunctions.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask163T:Oh,thatsoundsquiteappealing.3)L:Absolutely.AsaChinesetechgiant,Huaweihasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyearsandhasbecomealeadingglobalproviderofinformationandcommunicationtechnologyinfrastructureandsmartdevices.T:ThedevelopmentofChinesetechcompaniesisreallyincredible.SeeingyournewHuaweitabletmakesmewanttotryonetoo!4)StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask164L:Ifyouhavetheneed,Icanrecommendsometoyou.It’llbefuntoexchangeuserexperiencesonceyougettotryit.T:Soundsgreat!Let’smakeaplan.Butrightnow,Iprobablyhavetogo.5)L:Metoo.Goodbye!T:Bye!StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1653.Learnaboutthelanguage.1)AsaChinesetechgiant,Huaweihasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyearsandhasbecomealeadingglobalproviderofinformationandcommunicationtechnologyinfrastructureandsmartdevices.作为中国科技巨头，华为近几年发展迅速，已经成为全球领先的信息与通信技术基础设施和智能终端提供商。本句中“hasdeveloped”和“hasbecome”

是现在完成时，强调从过去到现在华为的发展过程以及已经成为全球领先者的结果。“inrecentyears”是现在完成时的常见时间状语，现在完成时常见的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1662)Ifyouhavetheneed,Icanrecommendsometoyou.如果你有需要，我可以给你推荐一些。本句是条件状语从句，“If”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。“Ifyouhavetheneed”表示条件“如果你有需要（华为产品）”，主句是“Icanrecommendsometoyou”（我可以给你推荐一些）。“If”引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时（这里的“can”

表示一种能力和意愿，也有将来含义），从句用一般现在时。StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask167StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1683)It’llbefuntoexchangeuserexperiencesonceyougettotryit.等你有机会使用后，我们互相交流使用体验，也会很有趣。本句是时间状语从句，“once”引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦”，其中“onceyougettotryit”是时间状语，表示“等你有机会使用后”，与主句中的“It’llbefuntoexchangeuserexperiences”相呼应。StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1691.Whatarethecommonoperatingsystems?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask170StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1712.Readthefollowingarticleandtalkwithyourpartneraboutcommonoperatingsystems.IntroductiontoCommonOperatingSystemsIntheworldofcomputers,anoperatingsystemservesasthecoresoftwarethatmanageshardwareandsoftwareresources.Operatingsystemshaveevolvedsignificantlysincethe1950s.Earlysystems,suchasUNIX,laidthefoundationformodernoperatingsystems.WindowsandmacOSpopularizedgraphicaluserinterfaces.Today,operatingsystemscontinuetoadvance.Differentoperatingsystemshavedistinctfeaturesanduses.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask172DevelopedbyMicrosoft,Windowsiswidelyusedbothinpersonalcomputersandenterpriseenvironments.Itisknownforitsuser-friendlyinterfaceandextensivesoftwaresupport.Thelatestversion,Windows11,introducesmanynewfeatures,suchasanimprovedStartmenuandenhancedmultitaskingcapabilities.DevelopedbyAppleforitsMaccomputers,macOSisrenownedforitselegantdesignandpowerfulperformance.Itisparticularlysuitableforcreativeprofessionals.macOSintegratesseamlesslywithotherAppleproducts,suchastheiPhoneandiPad,deliveringasmoothuserexperience.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask173Linux,anopen-sourceoperatingsystem,iswidelyusedinservers,embeddeddevices,andpersonalcomputers.Itisfavoredbydevelopersandtechenthusiastsforitshighlycustomizablenatureandrobustsecurity.TherearemanyLinuxdistributions,suchasUbuntu,Fedora,andDebian,eachwithitsuniquefeatures.BasedonLinux,UOSaimstoprovideasecureandstablecomputingenvironmentforChineseenterprisesandindividualusers.Itsupportsmultiplehardwareplatformsandboastsexcellentcompatibility.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask174KylinOS,adomesticallydevelopedoperatingsysteminChina,isprimarilyusedinnationaldefenseandgovernmentsectors.Itoffershighsecurityandstability,makingitsuitableforhandlingsensitiveinformation.Eachoftheseoperatingsystemshasitsowncharacteristicsandadvantages,andthechoicedependsonyourspecificneeds.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1753.Choosethebestanswerfromthefouroptions.1)WhichoperatingsystemisprimarilyusedinChina’snationaldefenseandgovernmentsectors?A.Windows.B.MacOS.C.KylinOS.D.Linux.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1762)WhatisoneofthekeyfeaturesofUOS?A.User-friendlyinterface.B.Highlycustomizablenature.C.Excellentcompatibility.D.Elegantdesign.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1773)WhichoperatingsystemisknownforitsseamlessintegrationwithotherAppleproducts?A.Windows.B.MacOS.C.Linux.D.UOS.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1784)WhatisoneofthemajoradvantagesofLinuxaccordingtothearticle?A.Extensivesoftwaresupport.B.Highlycustomizablenature.C.User-friendlyinterface.D.Elegantdesign.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1795)WhichversionofWindowsintroducedanimprovedStartmenuandenhancedmultitaskingcapabilities?A.Windows10.B.Windows8.C.Windows11.D.Windows7.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1801.Readthefollowingarticleanddiscusswithyourpartner.HuaweiLaunchesPCsRunningSelf-developedOperatingSystemOnMay19,2025,Huawei,thewell-knownChinesetechnologycompany,launchedtwolaptopspoweredbyHarmonyOS.Thiseventmarkedthedebutofitsself-developedoperatingsystemonpersonalcomputers.TheHuaweiMateBookProandMateBookFold,thenewlyreleasedmodels,demonstratethecompany’sambitiontoextendHarmonyOSbeyondsmartphonesandtabletsintoaPCmarketlongledbyMicrosoft’sWindowsandApple’smacOS.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask181YuChengdong,Huawei’sexecutivedirector,statedthatHarmonyOS-poweredcomputersintegratesoftware,hardware,devices,andcloudservicestoexploreafuture-orientedPCexperience.HarmonyOS,knownasHongmenginChinese,isanopen-source,distributedoperatingsystemdesignedforawiderangeofdevicesandscenarios.Sinceitsdebutin2019,ithasbeenadoptedinsmartphones,tablets,wearables,smarthomedevices,andnew-energyvehicles.StartingUpListeningandSpeakingReadingExtendedTask1822.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1)HuaweilauncheditsHarmonyOS-poweredlaptopsonMay19,2025.()2)HarmonyOSwasmakingitsfirstappearanceonanydevicewiththesenewlaptops.()3)ThenewHuaweilaptopsarespecificallydesignedtochallengethedominanceofWindowsandmacOSinthePCmarket.()4)YuChengdongstatedthatHarmonyOSintegratessoftware,hardware,devices,andcloudservices.()5)HarmonyOSisaclosed-sourceoperatingsystemonlymeantforHuaweismartphones.()Lesson2BasicFunctionsofOperatingSystemsStartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask183StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1841.Whatarethebasicfunctionsofanoperatingsystem?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1852.Findthefollowingwordsinthelettermaze.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask186StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1873.Choosethecorrectanswerstofillintheblanks.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1881)Processormanagementcan

.2)Memorymanagementcan

.3)Devicemanagementcan

.4)Filemanagementcan

.5)Jobmanagementcan

.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1891.Whatarethemaincausesofcomputersystemcrashes?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1902.Fillintheblankswiththegivensentencesandpracticethedialoguewithyourpartner.ThereissomethingwrongwithTom’scomputer.Heisveryworriedaboutthat.LiHuahelpshim.(L=LiHua,T=Tom)StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask191L:Hi,Tom!1)

What’swrong?T:Hi,LiHua.Mycomputercrashedjustnow,andI’mworriedImightloseallmydata.Ihavealotofimportantfilesonit.L:I’msorrytohearthat.Butdon’tworrytoomuch.Modernoperatingsystemshaveerrorrecoveryfeatures.T:Really?2)StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask192L:Whenanerroroccurs,theoperatingsystemtriestorecover.Itcanoftensaveyourdatabeforeanythingbadhappens.Forexample,ifyouareusingaLenovocomputerandneedtorestartit,whentheLenovologoappearsonthescreen,pressandholdthe“Fn”keyandthe“F2”keysimultaneouslyonthekeyboard.ThiswilltakeyoutotheSystemRecoveryfunctionpage.T:3)

Iwasreallyconcernedaboutlosingmyfiles.L:Iunderstand.It’salwaysgoodtobackupimportantdataregularly,justincase.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask193T:Whatelsecantheoperatingsystemdo?L:Well,theoperatingsystemmanagesallthecomputer’sresources,liketheCPU,memory,andstoragedevices.Itensurestheseresourcesareallocatedfairlyandefficientlytodifferentprograms,sothateachonehasenoughspacetorun.T:Thatsoundscomplicatedbutreassuring.4)StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask194L:Yes,there’sagoodchance.Theoperatingsystemisdesignedtoprotectyourdata.Justmakesuretobackupimportantfilesregularly.T:Thanksfortheadvice,LiHua.5)L:You’rewelcome,Tom.Ifyouneedmorehelp,justletmeknow.T:Iwill.Thanksagain,LiHua.Seeyoulater!L:Seeyou,Tom!StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1953.Learnaboutthelanguage.1)Youlookupset.你看起来沮丧。本句中“lookupset”表示“看起来沮丧/不安”，这里的“look”是系动词，表示“看起来”，后面接形容词“upset”，表示状态。2)Mycomputercrashedjustnow,andI’mworried(that)Imightloseallmydata.我的计算机刚才崩溃了，我担心可能会丢失所有数据。本句中“Imightloseallmydata”是一个宾语从句，作为“worried”的宾语。从句由从属连词“that”引导，但在这个句子中“that”可以省略。从句的主语是“I”，谓语是“mightlose”。StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1963)Whenanerroroccurs,theoperatingsystemtriestorecover.当发生错误时，操作系统会尝试恢复。本句中“Whenanerroroccurs”是一个时间状语从句，由从属连词“when”引导，表示主句动作发生的时间。从句的主语是“anerror”，谓语是“occurs”。StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1974)Itensures(that)theseresourcesareallocatedfairlyandefficientlytodifferentprograms.它确保这些资源被公平且高效地分配给不同的程序。本句中“theseresourcesareallocatedfairlyandefficientlytodifferentprograms”是一个宾语从句，作为“ensures”的宾语。从句由从属连词“that”引导，但在这个句子中“that”可以省略。从句的主语是“theseresources”，谓语是“areallocated”。StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1981.Whatarethedetailsofthebasicfunctionsofanoperatingsystem?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask1992.Readthefollowingarticleandtalkwithyourpartneraboutthebasicfunctionsofoperatingsystems.BasicFunctionsofOperatingSystemsThecomputeroperatingsystemisthecoreprogramthatmanagescomputerhardwareandsoftwareresources.Itsbasicfunctionsmainlyincludeprocessormanagement,memorymanagement,devicemanagement,filemanagement,andjobmanagement.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask200Processormanagementiscrucialfortheefficientoperationofacomputersystem.ItsmaintaskistoallocateCPUtimeamongdifferentprograms.Whenmultipleprogramsarerunningsimultaneously,theoperatingsystemdecideswhichprogramgetstousetheCPUatagivenmoment.Memorymanagementdealswiththecomputer’smainmemory.Itallocatesmemoryspacetodifferentprogramswhentheystartrunning.Whenaprogramisfinished,theoperatingsystemreclaimsthememoryitoccupied.Thishelpspreventprogramsfrominterferingwitheachother’smemoryareas.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask201Devicemanagementhandlesalltheexternaldevicesconnectedtothecomputer,suchasprinters,keyboards,andHDDs.Theoperatingsystemisresponsibleforensuringthesedevicesworkproperly.Itassignsdevicestodifferentprogramsasneeded.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask202Filemanagementisresponsiblefororganizing,storing,andretrievingfiles.Itcreatesadirectorystructure,likefoldersonyourcomputer,tohelpyouorganizeyourfiles.Whenyousaveafile,theoperatingsystemdecideswheretostoreitonthedisk.Whenyouwanttofindafile,theoperatingsystemhelpsyoulocateitthroughthedirectorystructure.Jobmanagementfocusesonhandlinguser-submittedtasks,orjobs.Itincludestaskslikejobsubmission,scheduling,andexecutioncontrol.Theoperatingsystemdecidestheorderinwhichjobsareprocessed.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2033.Choosethebestanswerfromthefouroptions.1)Whatisthemaintaskofprocessormanagement?A.Toallocatememoryspacetoprograms.B.ToallocateCPUtimeamongdifferentprograms.C.Tomanageexternaldevices.D.Toorganizefilesonthedisk.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2042)Whatistheprimarypurposeofmemorymanagementinanoperatingsystem?A.Todeleteunusedprogramsfromthecomputer.B.Tospeedupthecomputer’sprocessingtime.C.Toallocateandreclaimmemoryspaceforprograms.D.Tocreatebackupcopiesofimportantfiles.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2053)Whatdoesdevicemanagementhandle?A.CPUallocation.B.Externaldeviceslikeprintersandkeyboards.C.Fileorganization.D.Jobscheduling.4)Whatisthepurposeoffilemanagementinanoperatingsystem?A.ToallocateCPUtime.B.Tomanageexternaldevices.C.Toorganize,store,andretrievefiles.D.Toschedulejobs.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2065)Whatdoesjobmanagementinclude?A.MemoryallocationandCPUscheduling.B.Jobsubmission,scheduling,andexecutioncontrol.C.Fileorganizationandretrieval.D.Deviceassignmentandcommunication.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2071.Readthefollowingarticleanddiscusswithyourpartner.AdvantagesofDomesticallyDevelopedOperatingSystemsWiththerapiddevelopmentoftechnology,Chinesedomesticallydevelopedcomputeroperatingsystemshavemadesignificantprogressinfunctionalityandperformance.Thesesystemsarenotonlywidelyuseddomesticallybutalsograduallygainingrecognitionintheinternationalmarket.HerearesomeofthemainadvantagesofChinesecomputeroperatingsystems.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask208Firstly,domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsexcelinsecurity.Ascyberthreatscontinuetoincrease,thesesystemsprioritizedataandprivacyprotection.Theyincorporateadvancedencryptiontechnologiesandfirewalls,effectivelysafeguardingagainsthackerattacksanddatabreaches.Secondly,domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsareknownfortheiruser-friendlyinterfacedesign.Manysystemsfeaturesimpleandintuitiveinterfaces,enablinguserswithlimitedtechnicalexpertisetooperatethemeffortlessly.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask209Thirdly,domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsexcelincompatibility.Theyhavegoodcompatibilitywithhardwaredevicesandsoftwareapplications,ensuringsmoothoperationacrossdifferentplatforms.Lastly,domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsstandoutfortheircost-effectiveness.Comparedtosomeinternationallyrenownedoperatingsystems,theyaremoreaffordableandofferawiderangeoffeaturesandservices.Thismakesthemhighlyattractivetosmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesaswellasindividualusers.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask210Inconclusion,domesticallydevelopedcomputeroperatingsystemsexcelinsecurity,user-friendliness,compatibility,andcost-effectiveness,andareexpectedtooccupyalargershareoftheglobalmarketinthefuture.StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2112.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1)Domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsarenotwidelyuseddomestically.()2)Domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsfocusonprivacyprotection.()3)Domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsaredifficulttouseforpeoplewithoutcomputerknowledge.()StartingUpDialoguePracticeReadingExtendedTask2124)Domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsarenotcompatiblewithvarioushardwaredevices.()5)Domesticallydevelopedoperatingsystemsaremoreexpensivethansomeinternationallyrenownedoperatingsystems.()Lesson3TroubleshootCommonOperatingSystemIssuesStartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTask213214StartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTask1.Whatarethecommonmalfunctionsincomputeroperatingsystems?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.215StartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTask2.MatchtheEnglishwordsontheleftwiththeChinesemeaningsontherightanddrawlines.216StartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTask217StartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTask1.WhatarethecommoncausesofaBSODonacomputer?Youcanusethefollowingwordsifnecessary.218StartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTask2.Fillintheblankswiththegivensentencesandpracticethedialoguewithyourpartner.MarycallsLiHuaforhelp.(L=LiHua,M=Mary)219StartingUpDialoguePracticeTranslationExtendedTaskL:Hello,thisisLiHuafromtheITDepartment.M:Hello,LiHua!1)

Mycomputerjustshowedabluescreenwiththemessage“PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA”andtheni