2025年高考英语大二轮-强化练(一)间接信息题与跨段综合信息题

eq\a\vs4\al(专题强化练)专题一四选一阅读强化练(一)间接信息题与跨段综合信息题解题提示：跨段综合信息题需要考生结合两段或两段以上的信息进行综合判断，有一定的难度。纵观近三年的新高考全国卷试题可以发现，此类题目在新高考全国卷中几乎均有涉及。考生在做此类题目时，需要瞻前顾后，综合考量。对于间接信息题要特别注意原文信息到题目信息的转换。要克服松懈思想，确保这两类题目得满分。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·济南高三统一考试)AtreeplantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30，000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathuti,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30，000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianofthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheycontinuegrowingfromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUNClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningaboutthethreatofclimatechange：“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimate－relatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.BythetimeI’m50,theclimatecrisiswilldisplaceover80millionpeopleinsub－SaharanAfricaalone.”Elizabethsaid，“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.Sofar,wehavegrown30，000fruittrees，providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.”“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater，”sheadded.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。气候活动家ElizabethWathuti于2016年创立了“绿色一代倡议”。自成立以来，它已经在肯尼亚种植了3万多棵树。1.Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies.B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults.D.Fightingclimatechange.答案D[间接信息题。根据第一段中的“plantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannation”可知，这项倡议是为了应对气候变化和森林减少而创立的。]2.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness.C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.答案A[间接信息题。根据第三段中的“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimate－relatedstarvation.”可以看出，肯尼亚现今面临的问题是与气候相关的饥饿问题。]3.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016inKenya?A.Over3，000treeshavebeenplanted.B.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.Over80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.答案B[间接信息题。根据第二段中的“Sinceitsfoundation...youngpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianofthehealthoftheenvironment.”可知，年轻人的环保意识有所提高。]4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented.B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined.D.Ambitiousandhumorous.答案B[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”可知，ElizabethWathuti关心肯尼亚的年轻一代。根据最后一段中的“itisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater”可知，ElizabethWathuti是一个有责任心的人。B项“关心他人的和有责任心的”。](2023·湖南六校联考)Ifyouarelookingforrecommendationsonbiographies(传记)thatwilleducateyou,comediesthatwillmakeyourbellyacheorstoriesthatpresenttheuniquechallengeswomenfaceeveryday,readon.PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAustenAclassicthatnevergetsold.SetinruralEnglandattheturnof19thcentury,thistalecentersaroundtheBennetfamily,afamilyoffivedaughtersandtheirtwoparentswhoaredesperatetofindatleastoneofthedaughtersawealthymatch.Austen’sstoryfocusesonthetensionbetweenmarryingforloveinsteadofjustforpowerandfame,andtheuniquepressureonwomentofindfinancialsecuritybywayofmarriageatthetime.WomeninScience：50FearlessPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldbyRachelIgnotofskyItisasweetlyillustratedandeducationalbookthathighlightsthecontributionsof50womeninthefieldsoftechnology，science，engineeringandmathematics，fromthepresentdayallthewaybacktotheancient.GoodNightStoriesforRebelGirlsbyElenaFavilliIttellsthestoriesoffemaleheroesfromyearsagoandthepresentday.Withcolorportraitsandbiographiesthatareshortandsweet,thisbookisapage－turnerforanyonewantingtolearnaboutinfluentialwomeninthepastandpresent.BecomingbyMichelleObamaWewouldn’tbeabletowritethislistwithoutincludingMichelleObama’smemoir.BecominghastheformerFirstLadyoftheUnitedStatesdiscussingherchildhood,family,motherhood,herownimpactastheFirstLadyoftheUnitedStates,thepressuresofbeingpartofthefirstBlackfamilyintheWhiteHouseandbalancingherpubliclife.Andofcourseshewritesallaboutmeetingherhusbandandthemanyuniquechallengestheyfacedtoo.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四本有影响力的关于女性的著作。5.Whatdidtheparentsofthefivedaughtersintendtodo?A.Tomarrytheirdaughterstorichmen.B.Tolessenpressureontheirdaughters.C.Tohelptheirdaughtersmarryfortruelove.D.Tomaketheirdaughtersfinanciallyindependent.答案A[细节理解题。根据PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten部分中的“whoaredesperatetofindatleastoneofthedaughtersawealthymatch”可知，Bennet夫妇迫切地想要把他们的女儿嫁给有钱人。]6.Whosebookwillattractateeninterestedinscience?A.JaneAusten’s. B.RachelIgnotofsky’s.C.ElenaFavilli’s. D.MichelleObama’s.答案B[细节理解题。根据WomeninScience：50FearlessPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldbyRachelIgnotofsky可知，RachelIgnotofsky写的这本书与科学有关。]7.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareallclassics.B.Theyareallbiographies.C.Theyareallrelatedtothefemale.D.Theyareallaboutheroes.答案C[综合信息题。根据这四本书的介绍内容可知，这四本书的话题都与女性相关。](2023·长春高三质量监测)Acomputerprogrammecanidentifybreastcancerfromroutinescanswithgreateraccuracythanhumanexperts.Researcherssaidtheyhopedthiscouldproveabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheglobalkiller.Breastcancerisoneofthemostcommoncancersinwomenallovertheworld,withmorethan2millionnewdiagnoseslastyearalone.Whetherbreastcancerissevereiscloselyrelatedtothetimeofdiagnosis.Therefore,theregularexaminationisvitalindetectingtheearliestsignsofthediseaseinpatientswhoshownoobvioussymptoms.InBritain,womenover50areadvisedtogetamammogram(乳房X光检查)everythreeyears,theresultsofwhichareinterpretedbytwoindependentexpertsinordertoreduceerrorsindiagnosis.Butinterpretingthescansleavesroomforerrors,andasmallpercentageofallmammogramseitherreturnafalsepositive—misdiagnosingahealthypatientashavingcancerorfalsenegative—missingthediseaseasitspreads.NowresearchershavetrainedanartificialintelligencemodeltodetectcancerinbreastscansfromthousandsofwomeninBritainandtheUnitedStates.Theimageswerealreadyreviewedbydoctorsinreallifebutunlikeinaclinicalsetting,themachinehadnopatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.TheteamfoundthattheirAImodelcouldpredictbreastcancerfromthescanswithasimilaraccuracyleveltoexpertradiographers,whoweretrainedtotakeX－rays.Further,theAIshowedareductioninthepercentageofcaseswherecancerwasincorrectlyidentified—5.7percentintheUSand1.2percentinBritainrespectively.Italsoreducedthepercentageofmisseddiagnosesby9.4percentamongUSpatientsandby2.7percentinBritainpatients.“Theearlieryouidentifyabreastcancer,thebetteritisforthepatient，”DominicKing,aUKleadingscientist,toldAFP.“Wethinkaboutthistechnologyinawaythatsupportsandenablesanexpert,orapatientultimately,togetthebestoutcomefromwhateverdiagnostics(诊断法)they’vehad.”【语篇解读】本文是说明文。研究人员设计出了人工智能模型来协助人们更准确地诊断乳腺癌。8.Whatdowelearnaboutbreastcancer?A.Ithasbecomethetopkillerofallcancers.B.Itistypicalfortwodoctorstoanalyzethescanstogether.C.Theprogramhassucceededinthefightagainstbreastcancer.D.Itsseriousnessisstronglyconnectedwiththetimeofitsdiagnosis.答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whetherbreastcancerissevereiscloselyrelatedtothetimeofdiagnosis.”可知，乳腺癌的严重程度与确诊时间息息相关。]9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageoftheartificialintelligencemodel?A.Alowerpercentageofmisseddiagnoses.B.Asmallerpercentageofmistakenlyidentifiedcases.C.Noerrorinmammogramsreturningafalseresult.D.Norequirementforpatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.答案C[综合信息题。根据第五段中的“theAIshowedareduction...inBritainrespectively”可知，人工智能也存在着误诊的情况，故C项的表述并不是人工智能模型的优势。]10.WhatcanbeinferredfromDominicKing’swords?A.TheAImodelhasnodelayinthedetectionofbreastcancer.B.TheAImodelcanbeofgreathelpindiagnosingbreastcancer.C.Thetechnologywillequippatientswithmoreexpertknowledge.D.Breastcancercanbedefinitelycuredifidentifiedearlyenough.答案B[推理判断题。根据最后一段中DominicKing所说的话“Wethinkaboutthistechnology...getthebestoutcome”可以看出，人工智能模型可以支持和帮助人们在诊断乳腺癌方面取得最好的结果。]11.Whichisthemainideaofthetext?A.Acureforbreastcancerhasbeenconfirmed.B.AbreakthroughinAItechnologyhasbeenmade.C.ResearcherstrainedanAImodeltohelpdetectbreastcancer.D.Acomputerprogramavoidserrorsinidentifyingbreastcancer.答案C[文章大意题。根据文章内容和第四段首句可知，本文主要讲述了研究人员研发出了一个AI模型来帮助人们更精确地诊断乳腺癌。]Ⅱ.七选五(2023·成都统考二模)PushyourselvesbeyondthelimitsLimitsareblocksbetweenyouandyoursuccess.Youwillfacegreatresistancewhenattemptingtobreakthroughthelimits.Itcouldbefear,lackofconfidence,physicaldisabilities,andmentalblock.Ifyoudesirealifeofsuccess,youmustfacetheresistanceandpushyourselfbeyondthelimits.__1__Herearetipsforyoutosucceed.__2__Don’twaitforexternalmotivationtomakethefirstmove.Discoveryourinnermotivation!Itcouldbeamotivationalvideo,articles,TEDTalks,orquotes.Ensureitissomethingthatfillsyouwithpassionanddrivetogetthingsdone.Inspirationcanpushyouforward.Takeonalittlemorethanyouthinkyoucan.Pushingpastyourlimitsmeanstakingonnewer,harderchallenges.Ifyou’renotchallengingyourselftodobiggerandbetterthingsregularly,you’reonlyworkingwithinwhatyoualreadycando.__3__Workonyourgoalsalittleeachday.Chancesaregreatthatyouneedtobuildyourempirebrickbybrick.Thattakestimeandregulareffort.__4__Thatis,thereisnotadaythatyoudon’tworkonyourbiggoals,atleastalittlebit.Itcanbefifteenminutesdedicatedtodoingonesmallthingthatwillgetyouclosertothatbigthingyouwanttoaccomplish.Findsomeonewhosupportsyouandencouragesyoutokeepgoing.__5__Havingsomeonetosupportyoucanbalanceouttheimpactofanynegativethinkingthatmaylimityou.Itcouldbealifecoach,friend,parent,oryourwifeorhusband.Theycanhelpyoumakethepushyouneedtogetoutofyourcomfortzone.A.Inspireyourself.B.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.C.Discoverwhereyourpassionlies.D.Abitofassistancemeansmuchinfacingresistance.E.Onegoodwayisto