2025年高考英语大二轮-强化练(十三)非常规选材之议论文

强化练(十三)非常规选材之议论文考情速递：逻辑推理与论证、独立思考与质疑、批判性思维等关键能力已经成为高考考查的重点。针对一种现象或认识进行开放式设问、寻求证据、有效推理与论证，这些都是批判性思维在高考命题改革中的具体体现。议论文的选题与高考对批判性思维的考查目标吻合。(2023·吉林高三调研)Withthedigitalrevolution,people’slivesarebeingtransformed.Themobilephoneisasymbolofthisdevelopment.Nearlyeveryoneusesmobilephones,astheyallowustocompletemoderntasksconvenientlyandeffectively.__1__Mobilephonesareathreattoourhealth.__2__Thiswillcauseoverweightandsomeotherproblems.Mobilephoneshaveaparticularlygreatimpactonchildren’shealth,evenaffectingthenormaldevelopmentoftheirbrainandbody.It’salsotruethattoomuchuseofmobilephonescanmakeuscoldanddistant.Howmanytimeshaveyounoticedthatpeoplesitwitheachother,butdon’tinteract?Ourdependenceonphonesreducesouropportunitiesforface－to－facecommunication.__3__Mobilephonesalsotakeupmuchofourtimethatcouldbebetterusedinotherthings.Theymayincludelearning,playingsports,goingsightseeingandsoon.__4__Onthecontrary,theonlyresultafteralongtimespentonmobilephones,likeplayingvideogamesorwatchingvideoclipsisthatwemaynotonlyfeeltired,butemptyinmind.__5__Itiscertainlyconvenient，butitalsoencouragesustobelazyaboutourphysicalhealthandourrelationshipswiththepeopleclosesttous.Wouldn’titbeagoodidea,onceinawhile,toturnoffthephoneandstepoutintothecountry,toenjoythesceneryandinthemeantimegetsomeexercisewiththepeoplewelove?A.Itwillcauseourinterpersonalcommunicatingskillstosuffer.B.However,weshouldnotoverlooktheirbadinfluences.C.Allinall,themobilephonehaspositivesanddrawbacks.D.Anyway,theconvenienceofmobilephonescan’tbeignored.E.Mobilesarealsousedbystudentsorlearnerstocheatintheexams.F.Theactivitiesarementallyandphysicallybeneficialtous.G.Usingthemfortoolongtendstomakeuspassiveandignorephysicalexercise.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了智能手机带来方便的同时，也带来了很多弊端。1.B[空前“theyallowustocompletemoderntasksconvenientlyandeffectively”讲到了智能手机带来的好处，而下文主要在讲智能手机的危害，因此，空处会形成转折。B项“然而，我们不应忽略它们的负面影响。”符合语境。]2.G[本段的中心句讲到了智能手机对健康的危害，空后在具体讲不好的后果，因此，空处讲到的应该也是智能手机对健康的具体危害，且空后的This与G项中的“Usingthemfortoolong”相呼应，故G项符合语境。]3.A[空处承接上一句“Ourdependenceonphonesreducesouropportunitiesforface－to－facecommunication.”，应该会讲到这么做的具体危害，故A项符合语境。且A项中的“interpersonalcommunicating”与前一句中的“face－to－facecommunication”相呼应。]4.F[根据空后的“Onthecontrary”可知，空处紧跟上文，结合上文中的“Theymayincludelearning，playingsports，goingsightseeingandsoon.”可知，空处应该会讲到与这些活动相关的内容，故F项符合语境。]5.C[此处为全文最后一段首句，应该为一个总结句来总结全文，再结合空后的“Itiscertainlyconvenient,butitalsoencouragesustobelazy...”可知，总结句应既要提到好处，也要讲到坏处，故C项符合语境。](2023·武汉高三质检)Praiseislikesunlighttothehumanspirit：Wecannotflowerandgrowwithoutit.Andyet,whilemostofusareonlytooreadytoapplythecoldwindofcriticismtoothers,wearesomehowreluctanttogiveourfellowsthewarmsunshineofpraise.__1__Perhapsit’sbecausefewofusknowhowtoacceptcomplimentsgracefully.Instead,weareembarrassedandshrugoffthewordswearereallysogladtohear.Becauseofthisdefensivereaction,directcomplimentsaresurprisinglydifficulttogive.Thatiswhysomeofthemostvaluedpatsonthebackarethosewhichcometousindirectly.It’sespeciallyrewardingtogivepraiseinareasinwhicheffortgenerallygoesunnoticedorunmentioned.__2__Acookispraisedforaperfectmeal.Butdoyouevertellyourlaundrymanagerhowpleasedyouarewhentheshirtsaredonejustright?Doyoueverpraiseyourpaperboyforgettingthepapertoyouontime365daysayear?Praiseisparticularlyappreciatedbythosedoingroutinejobs：gasstationattendants,waitresses—evenhousewives.__3__Sincesooftenpraiseistheonlywageahousewifereceives,surelysheshouldgethermeasure.__4__Itonlytakesamoment’sthoughtandamoment’seffort—perhapsaquickphonecalltopassonacompliment,orfiveminutestowriteanappreciativeletter.Itissuchasmallinvestmentandyetconsidertheresultsitmayproduce.__5__So,let’sbealerttothesmallexcellencearoundusandcommentonthem.Wewillnotonlybringjoyintootherpeople’slives,butalso,veryoften,addhappinessintoourown.A.Weareaccustomedtoacceptingpraise.B.Astudentisignoreddespitehisgoodwork.C.Togivepraisecoststhegiveralmostnothing.D.It’sstrangehowcautiousweareaboutpraising.E.Shakespearesaid，“Ourpraiseisourwage.”F.Anartistgetscomplimentsforagloriouspicture.G.“Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment，”saidMarkTwain.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。生活中没有赞美，就如同人的精神世界没有了阳光。我们应该学会接受赞美，更要学会赞美别人，赞美厨师做出的可口饭菜，赞美报童准时将报纸送到，赞美家庭主妇……赞美给别人和自己都带来欢乐。1.D[根据下文的“Perhapsit’sbecause...acceptcomplimentsgracefully.”可知，可能是我们不知道如何接受赞美。据此可知，空处说明对别人的表扬，我们常谨慎以待。]2.F[根据下文的“Acookispraisedforaperfectmeal.”可知，厨师会因为做了一手好饭菜而受到表扬；据此可知，空处与此对应，讲述受到表扬的具体例子，F项“一个艺术家因画出一幅绚丽多彩的画而受到赞美。”符合语境。]3.E[空后一句讲到因为赞美是家庭主妇得到的唯一报酬，她肯定应该得到她的报酬。据此可知，空处应引出下文，说明赞美是一种报酬。E项“莎士比亚说：‘我们的赞美就是我们的工资。’”符合语境。]4.C[空处位于该段句首，是该段主题句。根据下文的“Itonlytakes...anappreciativeletter.”可知，赞美很容易，只需要片刻的思考和片刻的努力，或许一个快速的电话就可以将赞美传递，或者也可以花五分钟写一封感激信。据此可知，该段主要说明赞美几乎不需要付出代价。]5.G[根据上文的“Itissucha...itmayproduce.”可知，对于赞美，只需微小的投资，就可以获得很大的收益。据此可知，空处承接上文，说明赞美的好处。故G项“马克·吐温说：‘只凭一句赞美的话，我就能活上两个月。’”符合语境。](2023·广州统考一模)Homegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.Imagineaplateholdingtwostrawberries,identicalinappearance.Onecameoutofasupermarketbox,probablyharvestedunripe.__1__Theotherwaspickedfromagardenminutesbeforebeingeaten.Thefirstonewillprobablytastelikeaslightlysourgrapewhilethesecondislikelytobesweetandrichinflavour.Supermarketstrawberriesarenotentirelywithoutadvantages.TheyareconvenientandavailableinthenorthernglobeeveninFebruary.ButthetwoberriesdifferfromeachotherinthesamewaythathearingBeethoven’sMoonlightSonatainaconcerthalldiffersfromlisteningtoitonanoldtape.__2__Otherpeople,however,believegardeningawasteoftime.Butthesamecouldbesaidofcooking.Therearecheapanddecentrestaurantsaround,sowhybothertomakeyourownmeals?__3__Theymistaketheproductforthepurpose.Actually,agarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,canproducelittlebutfrustration(挫败感).Newgardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Rabbitshaveanannoyinghabitoftakingsinglebitesofvegetable,thenleavingtheresttogobad.__4__Nomatter.Therealjoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,bringingupchildrenoralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.Agardener’smemoriesrevolvenotaroundthefoodproduced,butaroundlongafternoonswithhandsinthedirt.__5__A.Noonecaneveravoidthishardstage.B.Sowhydon’twestarthomegardeningfordeliciousfood?C.Thismightexplainwhymanypeopledesireahomegarden.D.Thesepeoplemisunderstandtheultimateappealofgardening.E.Bythetimeitreachedtheplateitmayhavebeenofftheplantfordays.F.Togardenistopatientlyandlovinglyhelplifegrow,inthegroundandaboveit.G.Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sh