2026大学英语4期末考试题库及答案

2026大学英语4期末考试题库及答案PartIListeningComprehension(20points)SectionAShortConversations(10points)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.1.W:Excuseme,couldyoutellmewherethelibraryis?I'mabitlost.M:Sure.Gostraightdownthishallway,turnleftatthefirstintersection,andit'sthethirdbuildingonyourright.Youcan'tmissit.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A)Inalibrary.B)Inabookstore.C)Onauniversitycampus.D)Inashoppingmall.2.M:Iheardyougotasummerinternshipatthattechcompany.Congratulations!Howdidtheinterviewgo?W:Thanks!Itwasquitechallenging.Theyaskedalotoftechnicalquestionsaboutdatastructuresandalgorithms.Ispentweekspreparing.Q:Whatisthewomanmainlydiscussing?A)Hervacationplans.B)Herpreparationforajobinterview.C)Herexperienceinatechnicalinterview.D)Herstudyofdatastructures.3.W:ThedeadlinefortheresearchpaperisnextFriday.Haveyoustartedwritingyours?M:Notyet.I'mstillgatheringsources.Iplantovisitthecityarchivesthisweekendtofindsomeprimarydocuments.Q:Whatwillthemanprobablydothisweekend?A)Writehisresearchpaper.B)Gathersourcesforhispaper.C)Visitafriend.D)Gotothelibraryoncampus.4.M:I'mthinkingoftakingProfessorSmith'scourseonModernEuropeanHistorynextsemester.Haveyouheardanythingaboutit?W:Oh,yes.Hislecturesarefascinating,butbepreparedforaheavyreadingload.Thefinalexamisalsoquitedemanding.Q:WhatdoesthewomansayaboutProfessorSmith'scourse?A)Ithaseasyexams.B)Itrequiresalotofreading.C)Thelecturesareboring.D)Itisnotverypopular.5.W:Ican'tbelievethepriceoftextbooksthissemester.It'salmostasmuchasmytuition!M:Iknow.I'vestartedlookingforusedcopiesonlineorrentingthem.SometimesyoucanevenfindfreePDFversionsifyoulookhardenough.Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestasasolutiontothehighcostoftextbooks?A)Borrowingfromfriends.B)Buyingneweditions.C)Findingused,rented,ordigitalcopies.D)Sharingtextbookswithclassmates.6.M:Didyoumanagetogetticketsforthesymphonythisweekend?Iheardtheyweresellingoutfast.W:Itriedonlinethemomenttheywentonsale,buttheywerealreadygone.IguessI'llhavetowaitforthenextperformance.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A)Sheboughttheticketssuccessfully.B)Shewillgotothesymphonynextweekend.C)Shefailedtopurchasethetickets.D)Sheisnotinterestedinthesymphony.7.W:Yourpresentationonclimatechangeandagriculturewasveryimpressive.Thedatavisualizationswereparticularlyclear.M:Thankyou.IworkedwithasoftwarecalledTableautocreatethosecharts.Ittooksometimetolearn,butitwasworthit.Q:Whatdidthemanusetocreatehispresentationcharts?A)MicrosoftExcel.B)PowerPoint.C)Tableausoftware.D)Hand-drawnillustrations.8.M:I'mconsideringstudyingabroadinmyjunioryear.TheuniversityhaspartnershipswithseveralschoolsinEuropeandAsia.W:That'sagreatidea.It'sanincredibleopportunitytoexperienceadifferentcultureandacademicenvironment.Justmakesuretoplanyourcoursecreditscarefully.Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A)Chooseapopulardestination.B)Focusonlearningthelanguage.C)Planhisacademiccreditswisely.D)Applyformorescholarships.9.W:TheWi-Fiinthedormitoryhasbeenterriblyslowlately.Icanbarelyloadawebpage.M:Tellmeaboutit.IreportedittotheITservicedesk.Theysaidthey'reawareoftheissueandareworkingonupgradingthenetworkinfrastructure.Q:Whatistheproblembeingdiscussed?A)Highdormitoryfees.B)Poorinternetconnectioninthedorm.C)Abrokencomputer.D)Issueswithonlinecourseregistration.10.M:Isawtheposterforthecampusfilmfestival.They'reshowingsomeclassicinternationalmoviesthisyear.W:Yes,andthey'rehavingadiscussionpanelwithfilmstudiesprofessorsaftereachscreening.I'mdefinitelygoingtotheoneonJapanesecinema.Q:Whatspecialeventisassociatedwiththefilmfestival?A)Freepopcorn.B)Discussionsledbyprofessors.C)Acompetitionforstudentfilms.D)Celebrityappearances.SectionBLongConversationandPassages(10points)(Note:Asthisisatext-basedsimulation,theaudioscriptsforonelongconversationandtwoshortpassagesareprovidedbelow.Inanactualexam,thesewouldbeplayed.)LongConversation:Questions11to14arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.M:Dr.Evans,thankyouforagreeingtospeakwithmeforthecampusnewspaper.Yournewbook,"TheDigitalCitizen,"hasbeengettingalotofattention.W:Mypleasure.It'satopicI'mverypassionateabout.M:Inyourbook,youarguethatdigitalliteracyisnowasfundamentalasreadingandwriting.Couldyouelaborateonthat?W:Certainly.Inthe21stcentury,informationisprimarilycreated,shared,andconsumeddigitally.Beingdigitallyliteratemeansnotjustknowinghowtouseasmartphoneorsocialmedia,butcriticallyevaluatingonlineinformation,understandingdigitalprivacy,andcreatingresponsiblecontent.It'saboutbeinganinformedandethicalparticipantinthedigitalworld,notjustapassiveconsumer.M:Youalsomentiona"digitaldivide."Whatisthemainconcernthere?W:ThedigitaldividereferstothegapbetweenthosewhohavereadyaccesstocomputersandtheInternet,andtheskillstousethem,andthosewhodonot.Thisisn'tjustaboutowningadevice;it'sabouthavingreliablehigh-speedinternet,technicalsupport,andtheeducationtousetechnologyeffectively.Thisgapcanworsenexistingsocialandeconomicinequalities,assomanyopportunities—fromeducationtojobstocivicengagement—arenowonline.M:Whatroledoyouseeuniversitiesplayinginaddressingthis?W:Universitiesarecrucial.Theymustensureallstudents,regardlessofbackground,haveequalaccesstonecessarytechnologyandtraining.Thisincludesprovidingloanerlaptops,robustcampusWi-Fi,andintegratingdigitalliteracyintothecurriculumacrossdisciplines,notjustcomputerscience.M:Thankyouforyourinsights,Dr.Evans.11.WhatisthemaintopicofDr.Evans'sbook?A)Traditionalliteracyskills.B)Thehistoryoftheinternet.C)Theimportanceofdigitalliteracy.D)Socialmediamarketing.12.AccordingtoDr.Evans,whatdoesdigitalliteracyprimarilyinvolve?A)Advancedcomputerprogramming.B)Criticalevaluationandethicalparticipationonline.C)Buyingthelatestelectronicgadgets.D)Spendinglesstimeonsocialmedia.13.Whatisthe"digitaldivide"asexplainedintheconversation?A)Agapinagegroupsusingtechnology.B)Adifferenceinsoftwarepreferences.C)Agapinaccesstoandabilitytousedigitaltechnology.D)Agenerationgapinunderstandingtechnology.14.WhatdoesDr.Evanssuggestuniversitiesshoulddo?A)Offermoreonlinedegreeprograms.B)Provideequaltechnologyaccessandintegratedigitalliteracyintoteaching.C)FocussolelyonSTEMeducation.D)Limitstudents'internetusage.PassageOne:Questions15to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Theconceptof"smartcities"isbecomingincreasinglyprevalentaroundtheworld.Atitscore,asmartcityusesdigitaltechnologyanddataanalysistoimprovetheefficiencyofurbanservices,enhancesustainability,andimprovethequalityoflifeforitsresidents.Thiscaninvolveawiderangeofapplications.Forinstance,smarttrafficlightscanadjusttheirtimingbasedonreal-timetrafficflow,reducingcongestionandemissions.Sensorscanmonitorairandwaterquality,providingdatatoaddresspollution.Smartgridscanoptimizeelectricitydistribution,incorporatingrenewableenergysourcesmoreeffectively.Wastemanagementsystemscanusesensorstoalertcollectionserviceswhenbinsarefull,makingroutesmoreefficient.However,thedevelopmentofsmartcitiesalsoraisessignificantconcernsaboutdataprivacyandsecurity,asvastamountsofpersonalandenvironmentaldataarecollected.Thereisalsoariskthatthesetechnologiescouldbenefitwealthierareasmore,potentiallyexacerbatingurbaninequalities.Therefore,whilethepotentialbenefitsaregreat,carefulplanningandinclusivepoliciesareessentialforthesuccessfulandequitableimplementationofsmartcitytechnologies.15.Whatistheprimarygoalofasmartcity?A)Tobecomeatouristattraction.B)Toimproveurbanefficiency,sustainability,andqualityoflifethroughtechnology.C)Toreplaceallhumanworkerswithrobots.D)Tobuildthemostadvancedskyscrapers.16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanapplicationofsmartcitytechnology?A)Adjustabletrafficlights.B)Airqualitymonitoring.C)Automatedpublictransportationdriving.D)Efficientwastecollection.17.Whatisamajorconcernassociatedwithsmartcitiesmentionedinthepassage?A)Highconstructioncosts.B)Dataprivacyandsecurity.C)Lackoftechnologicalexpertise.D)Resistancefromcitizens.PassageTwo:Questions18to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Cross-culturalcommunicationisavitalskillinourglobalizedworld,especiallyinacademicandprofessionalsettings.Itinvolvesunderstandinghowpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscommunicate,bothverballyandnon-verbally.Onekeyaspectisthedistinctionbetweenhigh-contextandlow-contextcultures.Inhigh-contextcultures,suchasJapanorArabcountries,communicationisoftenindirect.Muchofthemeaningisderivedfromthecontext,non-verbalcues,andtherelationshipbetweenthespeakers.Theactualwordsspokenmaycarrylessexplicitinformation.Incontrast,low-contextcultures,liketheUnitedStatesorGermany,favordirectandexplicitcommunication.Messagesareconveyedprimarilythroughwords,withlessrelianceonthesurroundingcontext.Misunderstandingscaneasilyoccurwhenindividualsfromthesedifferentstylesinteract.Forexample,apersonfromalow-contextculturemightperceiveahigh-contextcommunicatorasvagueorevasive,whilethehigh-contextindividualmightfindthelow-contextstylebluntorrude.Effectivecross-culturalcommunicationrequiresawarenessofthesedifferences,activelistening,andawillingnesstoadaptone'sstylewhennecessary.18.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Learningforeignlanguages.B)Theimportanceofcross-culturalcommunication.C)Internationalbusinessetiquette.D)Historyofculturalstudies.19.Accordingtothepassage,howiscommunicationtypicallyconductedinahigh-contextculture?A)Throughverydirectandclearwords.B)Byrelyingheavilyonwrittencontracts.C)Indirectly,withmeaningembeddedincontextandnon-verbalcues.D)Byusingtranslators.20.Whatisapotentialmisunderstandingbetweenpeoplefromhigh-contextandlow-contextcultures?A)Differenttastesinfood.B)Differentperceptionsofdirectnessandindirectnessinspeech.C)Differentworkinghours.D)Differentholidaytraditions.PartIIReadingComprehension(40points)SectionABankedCloze(15points)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isfundamentallytransformingthelandscapeofscientificresearch.AIalgorithmscannowanalyzevastdatasets,identifycomplex(21)patterns,andgeneratehypothesesataspeedandscaleimpossibleforhumansalone.Thiscapabilityisacceleratingdiscoveriesinfieldsfrommedicinetomaterialsscience.Forinstance,AImodelsarebeingusedto(22However,theintegrationofAIintoresearchalsopresentssignificantchallenges.Onemajorconcernisthe"blackbox"problem:someadvancedAIsystems,particularlydeeplearningmodels,canarriveataccurateconclusionswithoutprovidingaclear,interpretable(24)rationaleforhowtheyreachedthem.Thislackoftransparencycanbeproblematicinscience,wherethereasoningbehindadiscoveryisasimportantasthediscoveryitself.Furthermore,AIsystemsareonlyasgoodasthedatatheyaretrainedon.BiasedorTo(26)harnessthefullpotentialofAIwhilemitigatingitsrisks,researchersadvocateforacollaborativeapproach.Theyemphasizetheneedfor"human-in-the-loop"systems,whereAIhandlesdata-intensivetasks,buthumanscientistsprovidecriticaloversight,contextualknowledge,andethical(27)judgment.Developingnewstandardsfordatasharing,modelvalidation,andalgorithmictransparencyisalso(28WordBank:A)patternsB)predictC)implicationsD)rationaleE)incompleteF)harnessG)judgmentH)crucialI)enhanceJ)relationshipK)replaceL)obscureM)simplifyN)ethicalO)fundingSectionBReadinginDepth(25points)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thephenomenonof"urbanheatislands"(UHIs)describesmetropolitanareasthataresignificantlywarmerthantheirsurroundingruralareas.Thetemperaturedifferenceisprimarilyduetohumanactivitiesandthephysicalcharacteristicsofurbansurfaces.Traditionalbuildingmaterialslikeconcrete,asphalt,andbrickabsorbandretainheatfromthesunduringthedayandreleaseitslowlyatnight,preventingcitiesfromcoolingdown.Thelackofvegetation,whichprovidesshadeandevaporativecoolingthroughtranspiration,exacerbatestheeffect.Furthermore,wasteheatfromvehicles,industrialprocesses,andairconditioningunitsaddstothethermalload.TheconsequencesofUHIsaremultifaceted.Elevatedtemperaturesincreaseenergydemandforcooling,leadingtohighergreenhousegasemissionsfrompowerplants.Theycanworsenairpollutionbyacceleratingtheformationofground-levelozone.Mostcritically,heat-relatedillnessesandmortalityriseduringheatwaves,disproportionatelyaffectingvulnerablepopulationssuchastheelderly,children,andthosewithpre-existinghealthconditions.Mitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffectrequiresintegratedurbanplanningstrategies.Increasinggreeninfrastructureisacornerstonesolution.Plantingtrees,creatingparks,andinstallinggreenroofsandwallscanprovideshade,cooltheairthroughevapotranspiration,andreplaceheat-absorbingsurfaces.Using"cool"orreflectivematerialsforpavementsandroofs,whichreflectmoresunlightandabsorblessheat,isanothereffectivemeasure.Smarturbandesignthatpromotesnaturalventilationbyaligningstreetswithprevailingwindscanalsohelpdisperseheat.Implementingthesestrategiesnotonlycoolscitiesbutalsoimprovesairquality,enhancesbiodiversity,andincreasesurbanresiliencetoclimatechange.31.Whatisthemaincauseoftheurbanheatislandeffect?A)Increasedrainfallincities.B)Heat-absorbingmaterialsandlackofvegetationinurbanareas.C)Higherpopulationdensityalone.D)Geographiclocationofcities.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTaconsequenceofUHIs?A)Reducedenergydemandforheatinginwinter.B)Increasedformationofground-levelozone.C)Higherenergyconsumptionforcooling.D)Elevatedrisksofheat-relatedillnesses.33.Theword"exacerbates"inparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A)alleviatesB)worsensC)explainsD)measures34.Whichmitigationstrategyisspecificallymentionedasreplacingheat-absorbingsurfaces?A)Usingmoreairconditioners.B)Buildingtallerskyscrapers.C)Installinggreenroofsandwalls.D)Paintingbuildingsdarkercolors.35.Whatistheauthor'sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassage?A)Tocriticizepoorurbanplanning.B)Toexplainthecauses,consequences,andsolutionsforurbanheatislands.C)Topromotetheuseofconcreteinconstruction.D)Tocomparetemperaturesindifferentcities.PassageTwoQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy,"popularizedbycompanieslikeAirbnbandUber,representsashiftfromownershiptoaccess.Itleveragesdigitalplatformstofacilitatethesharingofunderutilizedassets—suchassparerooms,cars,ortools—formonetaryornon-monetarybenefits.Proponentsarguethatthismodelpromotesmoreefficientuseofresources,reduceswaste,lowerscostsforconsumers,andprovidesflexibleincomeopportunitiesforassetowners.Itcanalsofosterasenseofcommunityandtrustthroughpeer-to-peerinteractionsandratingsystems.However,therapidgrowthofthesharingeconomyhassparkedintensedebateandregulatorychallenges.Criticspointtoseveralnegativeexternalities.Inhousingmarkets,platformslikeAirbnbareaccusedofreducingthelong-termrentalhousingstock,drivinguprents,andcontributingtothegentrificationofneighborhoods.Intransportation,ride-sharingservicesmayincreasetrafficcongestionandcompetewith,ratherthancomplement,publictransitsystems.Laborissuesarealsoparamount.Manyworkersinthegigeconomyareclassifiedasindependentcontractors,lackingtraditionalemploymentbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andjobsecurity.Thishasraisedquestionsaboutworkerprotectionsandeconomicprecarity.Furthermore,theenvironmentalbenefitsarenotguaranteed.Whilecar-sharingcouldreducethetotalnumberofvehicles,theconvenienceofride-hailingmightdiscouragetheuseofmoresustainablemodeslikewalking,cycling,orpublictransport.Theregulatorylandscapeisstrugglingtocatchup.Governmentsworldwidearegrapplingwithhowtotaxtheseactivities,ensuresafetyandfairness,andbalanceinnovationwiththeprotectionofexistingindustries,communities,andworkers.Thefutureofthesharingeconomywilllikelydependonfindingthisbalancethroughthoughtfulpolicyandadaptation.36.Whatisthefundamentalprincipleofthesharingeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Governmentownershipofassets.B)Ashiftfromownershiptoaccessviadigitalplatforms.C)Freedistributionofgoodsandservices.D)Large-scalecorporateassetmanagement.37.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasapotentialbenefitofthesharingeconomy?A)Guaranteedfull-timeemploymentforallparticipants.B)Moreefficientuseofunderutilizedresources.C)Completeeliminationoftrafficcongestion.D)Strictgovernmentcontroloverprices.38.Whatisamajorcriticismdirectedathousing-sharingplatformslikeAirbnb?A)Theyaretooexpensivefortravelers.B)Theydecreasetheavailabilityoflong-termrentalhousing.C)Theyonlyoperateinruralareas.D)Theyhavepoorcustomerservice.39.Theterm"gigeconomy"inparagraph2referstoalabormarketcharacterizedby______.A)lifelongemploymentwithonecompanyB)short-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobsC)highunionizationratesD)government-createdjobs40.Whatisthemainchallengeforgovernmentsregardingthesharingeconomy?A)Inventingnewdigitalplatforms.B)Banningallsharingeconomycompanies.C)Creatingregulationsthatbalanceinnovationwithpublicprotection.D)Promotingownershipoversharing.PartIIITranslation(15points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门古老的艺术，其历史可以追溯到数千年前。它不仅是书写文字的一种方式，更被视为一种心灵修养和情感表达的高雅形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度、速度和方向，在宣纸（ricepaper）上创造出富有美感和节奏感的线条。每一幅书法作品都反映了艺术家的个性、学识和当时的心境。练习书法需要极大的耐心和专注，有助于培养内心的平静与纪律性。如今，尽管数字技术日益普及，书法仍然在中国文化中占有重要地位，是连接过去与现在的一座桥梁。参考译文：Chinesecalligraphyisanancientartformwhosehistorycanbetracedbackthousandsofyears.Itisnotmerelyamethodofwritingcharacters,butisalsoregardedasanelegantformofmentalcultivationandemotionalexpression.Calligrapherscreatelinesofbeautyandrhythmonricepaperbycontrollingthestrength,speed,anddirectionofthebrush.Eachpieceofcalligraphyreflectstheartist'spersonality,knowledge,andstateofmindatthatmoment.Practicingcalligraphyrequiresgreatpatienceandconcentration,whichhelpstocultivateinnerpeaceanddiscipline.Today,despitetheincreasingprevalenceofdigitaltechnology,calligraphystillholdsasignificantplaceinChineseculture,servingasabridgeconnectingthepastwiththepresent.PartIVWriting(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanargumentativeessayonthetopicgivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast180words.Topic:Somepeoplebelievethattheprimarygoalofuniversityeducationshouldbetopreparestudentsforthejobmarketwithpracticalskills.Othersarguethatitsmainpurposeshouldbetoprovideabroad-basededucationthatfosterscriticalthinkingandpersonalgrowth,regardlessofimmediatecareerapplicability.Whichviewdoyouagreewith?Stateyourpositionandsupportitwithreasonsandexamples.参考范文：Thedebateoverthefundamentalpurposeofauniversityeducationisaperennialone.WhileIacknowledgetheimmensepressur