模块四　第9讲　并列句和状语从句

语法精析•洞悉考情语法精讲•把握规律第9讲并列句和状语从句模块四五彩缤纷的从句:三大从句和特殊句式语法精析•洞悉考情【考情探究】近3年新高考卷对于并列句和状语从句的考查共计5次,主要考查:速览考频新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷202420232022并列句122状语从句000【备考策略】语法填空对并列句的考查仍然会是高考的重点,对状语从句的考查仍然不会是高考的重点,需要注意:1.完整的句子中,如果两个单词或短语并列,要填并列连词;2.若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号,也没有连词,空格处必定填连词;3.牢记特殊句式中连词的运用;4.全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词,熟悉它们的用法;5.准确判断主从句的逻辑关系,同时要注意区分易混词。语法精讲•把握规律一、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。并列连词的用法用法连词例句表并列、递进或顺承关系and,both...and...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,not...but...等*Henot

onlyreadthebookbut

also

rememberedwhathehadread.表转折、对比关系but,while等*Itoftenrainsinthesouth,while

itseldomrainsinthenorth.用法连词例句表选择关系either...or...,or等*Nowyoucanhavearestoryoucangotothecinema.表因果关系for,so等*Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.【点津】

(1)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型是近年来高考的热点,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。※Hurryup,andyouwillcatchtheearlybus.※Onemorehourandwewillgeteverythingreadyfortakingoff.(2)下列句型中常用并列连词when:①begoingtodosth.when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)……”②beabouttodosth.when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)……”③beonthepointofdoingsth.when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)……”④bedoingsth.when...“正在做某事,这时(突然)……”⑤hadjustdonesth.when...“刚做了某事,这时(突然)……”注:以上句型中的be通常是过去式。【活学活用】(1)(2024·南通模拟)Thecreationofpuppets(木偶)issuchacomplexprocessthatitdemandsextremeprecision______

isatestofthecommitmentaswellasskillsofcraftsmen(匠人).(2)(2024·湖南模拟)Thensomeofthepotentialbuyerscameclosertohaveacarefulexaminationoftheshields,______

theycouldn’tseeanythingspecialaboutthem.(3)(2024·荆州模拟)Suchobservationsarenotmerelyaboutappreciatingart,______

serveasremindersforustoreflectonourownlives.andbutbut(4)(2024·合肥模拟)It(Stiltwalking,orCaiGaoQiaoinChinese)oftenappearsatcircusesorparadesacrossChina,______

hasthemeaningofstandingtallandhavingonestepupinthenewyear.(5)Ienjoyreadingmysterynovels,________

mysisterprefersromancestories.(6)Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,_________

bynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantsnottoincludethesidedishyouwon’teat.andwhilewhether二、状语从句考点一常见状语从句的连词1.时间状语从句(1)when,while与as引导的时间状语从句连词从句谓语动词用法指津when延续性动词/非延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生;当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,而其主语和主句的主语一致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用由as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句连词从句谓语动词用法指津while延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发生,可译为“一边……一边……;随着”※WhenIarrivedatthecinema,themoviehadalreadystarted.※Whilewewerechattingshewasreadingcomics.※Thingsaregettingbetterandbetterastimegoeson.(2)before与since引导的时间状语从句连词词义常用句式before在……之前;还未……就……;……才……;趁……;还没来得及……①Itwill(not)be+一段时间+before...“(没有)过……(时间)才……”②Itwasnotlongbefore...“不久……就……”③Itwas+时间段+before...“过了……(时间)才……”since自从……以来Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since...(从句用一般过去时)※Itwon’tbelongbeforeyouregretwhatyouhavedone.※Itwassometimebeforethedooropenedinresponsetohisring.※Ithasbeentwoyearssinceheworkedhere.(3)表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句①引导时间状语从句,且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...等。※Heleftthe

minuteyouturnedbacktowriteontheblackboard.※Directlytheteachercameineveryonewasquiet.※Thescienceofengineeringbeganas

soon

asmanlearnedtousetools.②hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...中主句应用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时;当nosooner...和hardly/scarcely...位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。※Hardly

hadthegamebegunwhenitstartedraining.※No

sooner

hadthewordsbeenspokenthanherealizedthatheshouldhaveremainedsilent.(4)until与till引导的时间状语从句连词位置用法注意事项until可以放在句首not...until可用于强调句型①until/till用于肯定句时主句的谓语动词是延续性动词,用于否定句时主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词②notuntil位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装till不可放在句首一般不用于强调句型※Youmustkeeponfightinguntil(till)thefinalvictorybelongstoyou.※Iwon’tgowithyouuntil(till)Ifinishmyhomework.※Not

untilwepointedouttheirfaultdidtheyrealizeit.(5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)after,whenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirst/lasttime,anytime,bythetime,theday/year等。※Every

timeIcatchsightofmyselfinthemirror,Ifeelsoconfident.※By

the

timehegotthere,hisfriendshadalreadymovedupnorth.2.条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句的常见引导词if,unless,as/solongas,incase(万一),once,onconditionthat,provided/providing(that),supposing(that)等。※Youwillfailtoarrivethereontimeunlessyoustartearlier.※Icantellyouthetruthon

condition

thatyoupromisetokeepitasecret.※Hewon’tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovidedthatweaskforhisadviceinadvance.(2)条件状语从句的时态用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来时。※Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.3.让步状语从句引导词位置语序说明although灵活正常①although与though都可以与yet,still,nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用②though还可以作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末③whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句,但“nomatter+疑问词”不可以though灵活正常或倒装as句首倒装(即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词)引导词位置语序说明while句首正常①although与though都可以与yet,still,nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用②though还可以作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末③whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句,但“nomatter+疑问词”不可以evenif/though灵活正常nomatter+疑问词/疑问词+ever灵活正常whether...ornot句首正常※Although/Thoughhewasexhausted,(still)hekeptonworking.※Childas/thoughhewas,hedidquitewell.※Wemadeatripeven

thoughtheweatherwasbad.※No

matter

whathappened,hewouldnotmind.(=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.)4.结果状语从句(1)so...that中so后面跟形容词或副词。※Theboyisso

young

thathecan’tdothatbyhimself.(2)such...that中such后面跟名词。※Itissuch

nice

weather

thatwedecidetogotothebeach.5.原因状语从句(1)because用来回答why的提问,语气最强,一般放在主句之后。※—Whydidn’tyoutellme,Archie?—Becauseyoumighthavecasuallymentionedittosomebodyelse.(2)since/nowthat表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放在句首。※Sinceyouhavestartedthejob,youmightaswellfinishit.※Now

thatweareallpartoftheglobalvillage,everyonebecomesaneighbour.(3)as引导的从句常放在句首,说明次要的原因,主句说明结果,常用于口语中。※Asitwasgettinglate,Idecidedtobookintoahotel.【活学活用】(1)(2024·扬州模拟)Furthermore,theVRheadsetofferssuchanauthenticsceneofthecave_______

userscanhaveaclose-upviewofthewallpaintingsandsculptures.(2)(2024·安庆模拟)__________________

Loongwerebelievedtohavecontrolovernaturalphenomenasuchasrain,andwater,andwereassociatedwiththeproductivityoftheland,Loongbecamesymbolsofstrengthandgoodfortune.(3)(2024·长沙模拟)_______________________

thepoetryoftodayhastransformedinformandfunction,therootofitspurposecanstillbefoundinpoets’desiretoexplorethehumanconditionthroughthepowerofimageryandmetaphor.thatSince/Because/AsAlthough/Though/While(4)(2024·徐州模拟)LocatedwithinHuzhou,ZhejiangProvince,XiaoxiStreetstandsasahistoricalandculturalprotectionblock.Itgracefullypreservesitsrichheritage______

embracingtheessenceofmodernityperfectly.(5)(2024·浙江1月高考D篇改编)Eachchildwastold___

theywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.(6)Therearemomentswhenstrangers’livescollide(碰撞)byaccident,and_________________

theymayneverseeeachotheragain,they’rechangedforever.

whileifevenif/though考点二其他状语从句1.地点状语从句(1)where与wherever意义基本相同,但后者语气较强,多用于书面语。※ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.※Whereverthefilmstargoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.(2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。※Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.2.目的状语从句(1)sothat/inorderthat引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can,could等。※Youhavetocarryacellphoneso

thattheycancallyouupatanytime.(2)forfearthat(唯恐,以防)与incase引导的目的状语从句中,谓语动词有时也用should/might/could+动词原形。※Hewasverycautiousfor

fear

thatheshouldbeblamedforanythingwrong.3.方式状语从句(1)as引导方式状语从句,意为“按照”。※She’soldenoughtohavethefreedomtodoasshelikes.(2)asif和asthough的意义和用法基本一样;从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实,也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反。※Thistimeitlooksas

if

we’rereallygoingtogetsomewhere.※Localresidentssaiditwasas

if

there

had

beenanuclearexplosion.4.比较状语从句(1)as...as;notso/as...as;thesame...as表示相同程度的比较,肯定句用as...as,否定句可用notas...as或notso...as。※Theveryfirstcanonofnursingistokeeptheairinsideas

fresh

astheairoutside.※IhaveneverseensomuchrainasitfellthatFebruary.(2)than表示不同程度的比较,主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。※Iconsider