2025-2026学年北京市西城区育才学校高一（下）期末英语试卷（含答案）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年北京市西城区育才学校高一（下）期末英语试卷一、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共10分。1.admirerecognizepassionimpressexploreanxious

（1）Thereisgrowingpublic______overlevelsofairpollutioninourcity.

（2）Afteryearsofhardwork，shefinallyreceivedthe______shedeservedforherresearchinthemedicalfield.

（3）Sheleftastrong______onmethefirsttimeImether.

（4）Chinesescientistshaveovercomemanydifficultiesduringthe______ofspace.

（5）TuYouyouisoneofthemost______femalescientistsintheworld.(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。A

Thereareplentyofwaysforstudentstoearnvolunteerhoursonlinewhilepursuingtheirinterests.Butwhatiftheirhobbiesdonotmatchthevolunteeropportunitiesofferedbytheirschool？Inthatcase，theycanexplorelocaloronlinevolunteeroptionsinstead.

Wehaveputtogetheralistofresourcestohelpyouandyourteenagechildrendiscoverbothin-personandvirtualcommunityserviceopportunities：

1.BeMyEyes

Idealfor：studentswholovehelpingothersandinteractingwithpeoplefromdiversecultures

Servicetype：Virtual

BeMyEyesisamobileappthatconnectsblinduserswithsightedvolunteersthroughlivevideocalls.Ithelpsthe285millionblindorvisuallyimpaired（受损的）peoplearoundtheworldtackledailychallenges.

Teenvolunteerscaninteractwithusersfromacrosstheglobeonthisplatform.Sincetheappservesusersinmanycountriesandlanguages，bilingualvolunteersarealwaysinhighdemand.Itisagreatopportunitytosocializeandpracticeforeignlanguageskills.

2.Zooniverse

Idealfor：studentsinterestedinspace，biology，nature，medicine，andsocialsciences

Servicetype：Virtual

Zooniverseisanengagingcitizen-scienceresearchplatformthatoffersvolunteeropportunitiesforhighschoolstudents.Participantscanhelpdiscoverdistantplanets，classifyanimals，andanalyzefossilteeth.

3.Catchafire

Idealfor：studentshopingtobuildprofessionalskillsinmarketing，IT，socialmedia，projectmanagement，websitedevelopment，andrelatedfields

Servicetype：Virtual

Highschoolstudentscanearnvolunteerhoursorparticipateinlong-termcommunityprojectshere.Theymayassistvariousorganizationswithmanagingsocialmediaaccounts，photoediting，writingthank-younotes，andothertasks.

VolunteeropportunitiesonCatchafireareespeciallybeneficialforseniorstudents，astheycangainpracticalworkexperiencewhilecontributingtomeaningfulcauses.

4.TeenLife

Idealfor：studentspassionateaboutanimalcare，supportingpeoplewithspecialneeds，helpingthehomeless，internationalaid，environmentalprotectionandliteracyeducation

Servicetype：Virtual&In-person

TeenLifeoffersaccesstomorethan10，000academicandpracticalvolunteeropportunitiesforteenagers.Thispowerfulsearchplatformconnectsparents，teens，andschoolcounselorsnationwide.DesignedforstudentsfromGrade7toGrade12，itprovidesbothofflineandonlinecommunityserviceprojects.2.Whichisbestforastudentwhowantstopracticeforeignlanguages？______A.Zooniverse. B.Catchafire. C.BeMyEyes. D.TeenLife.3.WhatcanstudentsdoonZooniverse？______A.Managesocialmediafororganizations.

B.Assisttheblindthroughlivevideos.

C.Engageinresearch-relatedactivities.

D.Supportpeoplewithspecialneeds.4.WhatmakesTeenLifedifferentfromtheotherthreeplatforms？______A.Itoffersbothvirtualandin-personservice.

B.Itisdesignedspecificallyforcollegestudents.

C.ItrequiresvolunteerstohaveprofessionalITskills.

D.Itprovidesopportunitiesforteenagerstodevelopengineeringskills.5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？______A.Tipsonimprovingacademicgrades.

B.Importanceofenvironmentalprotectionprojects.

C.Waysforteenagerstobuildinternationalfriendships.

D.Resourcesforstudentslookingforvolunteeropportunities.B

Ihavelongbeenskeptical（怀疑的）abouttheideathatphonesareaddictivedevices.However，afewmonthsago，IbegantoworrythatIwasspendingtoomuchtimeonmyphone，oftenswitchingbetweenonlinenewsandshort-videoapps.

WhenIreadaboutchangingmyphonetoblack-and-whitemode，Idecidedtotryit.Theresultwassurprising.ThemomentIturnedoffthecolor，Inolongerfeltthesameurgentneedtocheckmyphone.Iexperiencedastrongsenseofrelief.Itfeltasifaninvisiblebondhadbeencut.

Afterthat，IbeganleavingmyphoneinanotherroomasImovedaroundthehouse.I'dgohourswithoutcheckingit，ratherthanjustminutes.TheamountoftimeIspentonmyphonedroppedbyabout40percent.

Scientistscallthiscondition"problematicsmartphoneuse，"whichreferstothedifficultycontrollingtheurgetouseaphone，oftentothepointthatitaffectsdailylife.Forme，checkingmyphonewasoftenawaytoreduceanxiety.

Lifeingrayscale（黑白模式）alsobroughtsomesmallinconveniences.Forexample，Isometimeshungupcallsbymistakebecausebothbuttonsweregray.Photosalsolookedstrange，especiallythecolorfulimagessentbymyfamily.

However，Idiscoveredthatgameswerelessappealinginblackandwhite，andsocialmediaappsbecamelessinteresting.Gradually，Istartedusingmyphonelessandpayingmoreattentiontoreallife.

Afterafewweeks，Inoticedanotherchange.Ibeganreadingmorebooks，spendingmoretimewithmyfamily，andplanningsocialactivities.Ifoundmyselfenjoyingthesereal-worldexperiencesmorethanusingmyphone.

Now，Ifeelthatturningoffcoloronmyphonehasmadememoreawareofthebeautyofreallife.AlthoughIstillusemyphoneeveryday，Inolongerfeelcontrolledbyit.6.Whichsentenceinthepassageexplainswhytheauthorfelt"controlled"byhisphonebeforeusinggrayscale？______A.Afterafewweeks，Inoticedanotherchange.

B.Lifeingrayscalealsobroughtsomesmallinconveniences.

C.Ihavelongbeenskepticalabouttheideathatphonesareaddictivedevices.

D.IbegantoworrythatIwasspendingtoomuchtimeonmyphone，oftenswitchingbetweenonlinenewsandshort-videoapps.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Itfeltasifaninvisiblebondhadbeencut"inParagraph2mostlikelymean？______A.Theauthorfoundthephonelessusefulindailylife.

B.Theauthordecidedtostopusingthephonecompletely.

C.Theauthorbecamelessconnectedwithpeoplearoundhim.

D.Theauthornolongerreliedonthephoneasmuchasbefore.8.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'sexperience？______A.Digitalbehaviorcanbeshapedbysmalladjustments.

B.Technologyshouldreplacereal-lifeinteraction.

C.Phonesarethemainsourceofmodernanxiety.

D.Personalhabitsaredifficulttochange.C

Expertbirdwatchershavechangesintheirbrainstructurecomparedwithbeginners，whichprobablyhelpthembetteridentifybirdsandmayevenprotectagainstage-relatedcognitive（认知的）decline.

Whenlearningorpractisingaskill，thebrainreorganisesitself，strengtheningandstreamliningrelevantpathways.Thisability，knownasneuroplasticity（神经可塑性），supportsthedevelopmentofexpertskills.Itiswhyprofessionalmusiciansshowstructuralchangesinbrainregionsinvolvedinhearing.

Tounderstandwhetherbirdingalsoshapesthebrain，ErikWingatYorkUniversityandhiscolleaguesanalysedbrainstructureandfunctionin48hobbyistbirders，halfexpertsandhalfbeginners，asjudgedbyascreeningtest.Participantswereaged22to79andbothgroupsweresimilarintermsofsex，age，andeducation.

Whileundergoingbrainscans，theparticipantswereshownanimageofabirdforlessthan4seconds.About10secondslater，theytriedidentifyingthesamebirdfromoneoffourimages，eachshowingadifferentspecies."Weintentionallypickedhighlyconfusablebirdspecies，"saysWing.

Thetaskwasrepeated72times.Intotal，theresearchersusedimagesof18birdspecies-sixofwhichwerelocaland12ofwhichweren't-astargets.

Asexpected，expertbirderscouldidentifybirdsbetterthanbeginners.Onaverage，theyaccuratelyidentified83percentoflocalbirdspeciesand61percentofthenon-localones.Incontrast，beginnerscorrectlyidentified44percentofbothgroupsofbirds.

Whileidentifyingnon-localbirds，activityinthreebrainareasincreasedinexpertbirders.Theseareasarethefrontpartofthebrain，aninnerregionrelatedtoattention，andabackpartofthebrainresponsibleforvisualprocessing.Theseareasalsoappearedmoreorganisedandstructurallycomplex."Itspeakstothewiderangeofcognitiveprocessesthatareinvolvedinbirding，"saysWing.

Asweage，structuralcomplexityandorganisationinthebraintendtodecrease.Butthisdeclinewaslesspronouncedinexpertbirders，suggestingbirdingmayhelpbuildcognitivereserve，thebrain'sabilitytodefenditselfagainstageingandadapttodamage.

"Itsuggeststhatmaintainingbrainactivitythroughspecialisedabilitiesisalsolinkedtoreducedeffectsofageing，"saysRobertZatorreatMcGillUniversity.However，todeterminewhetherthebrainchangesaretrulyduetobirding，researcherswouldneedtoscanthebrainmultipletimesovermonthsoryears，saysWing.9.Whydidresearcherschoose"highlyconfusablebirdspecies""？______A.Tokeepparticipants'attentiononbirds.

B.Tobettertestrealbird-identificationskills.

C.Toreducethetimeneededfortheexperiment.

D.Toconcentrateonrarebirdsfromothercountries.10.Whichfindingbestsupportstheideaof"cognitivereserve"？______A.Beginnersrelyonmemoryratherthanobservation.

B.Beginnershaveloweraccuracyinbirdidentification.

C.Expertsexperienceslowerage-relatedcognitivedecline.

D.Expertsshowincreasedactivityinthreedifferentbrainareas.11.Toimprovethestudy，researchersshould______.A.testonlylocalbirds

B.usefewerbirdspecies

C.involveonlyexpertbirders

D.followparticipantsoverseveralyears12.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？______A.WhyBirdsAreHardtoIdentify

B.HowNatureImprovesMentalHealth

C.BirdwatchingMayReshapetheBrain

D.TheAgeDifferenceBetweenExpertBirdersD

Pollutionismakingmanycitiesincreasinglyunlivableforpeople，butitisalsotearingantfamiliesandcommunitiesapart.Antsrecogniseoneanotherbydetectingathinlayerofhydrocarbonsontheirexoskeletons；eachcommunityhasitsowndistinctive"smell".However，anewstudyrevealsthatozoneemissions（臭氧排放）canchangethestructureofthesehydrocarbons.Afterantsareexposedtourbanaircontainingaround100partsperbillionofozone，theirnestmatesnolongerrecognisethem.Someareattackedbymembersoftheirowncommunity，whileothersneglectlarvae（幼虫）exposedtoozone，leavingthemtodie.

Thisstoryisacaseofanthropomorphism-projectinghumancharacteristicsontonon-humancreatures.Althoughmanyscientistscriticiseanthropomorphismasmisleading.othersdrawparallelsbetweenantsandhumanstoexplaintheevolution（进化）ofselflessnessandsocialnetworks.Famously，entomologistE.O.Wilsonusedantsasevidenceforhistheoryof"sociobiology，"whichsuggeststhatmanyanimalbehavioursresultfromevolutionarynecessity.EvolutionarybiologistStephenJayGould，however，criticisedthisideaas"biologicaldeterminism，"warningthatitcouldjustifyunfairgeneticpolicies.

Butsomethingfundamentalhaschanged.DeborahGordon，aStanfordbiologist，discoveredthatantbehaviourcanbeunderstoodalgorithmically（以算法的方式）.Workingwithcomputerscientists，sheshowedthatantsallocatetasksthroughdistributedsignallingnetworks.Ifaworkerantdiscoversalargefoodsource，sheleavesbehindachemicaltrailforotherstofollow.Otherantsdetectthesignalandrealisethatmorefood-searchingantsareneeded，droppingwhattheyaredoingtojointhetask.Thereisnoleader.Gordonnicknamedthisprocess"theanternet"becauseitworkslikethewaycomputernetworksmanagedataflow.

Algorithmicdeterminismhasreplacedbiologicaldeterminism，buttheresultforantsremainsthesame：humanscontinuetousethemasexamplesratherthanappreciatingthemascreatureswiththeirowndistinctformsofsociallife.Thisbringsusbacktopollution.Gordon'santernetdependsonantsfromthesamecommunitymeeting，exchanginginformation，anddeterminingwhethertoassisttheirsisters.Butwhenozonechangestheirhydrocarbons，theycannolongerrecogniseoneanotherandcooperateeffectively.Thecollapseofcommunicationcouldultimatelyleadtothedeathofthecommunity.

Tohumans，thismayseeminsignificant.Butwesharetheplanetwithothercreatures.Ifwefailtolimitozonepollution，wemaydestroyentiresocialsystemsbeyondourown.Perhapsitistimeweshouldstopusingantsasexamplesforourselvesandourmachines，andstartcaringaboutwhotheyreallyare.13.Whatabilityismostaffectedafterozoneexposureinants？______A.Theabilitytorecognizenestmates.

B.Theabilitytolocatefoodsources.

C.Theabilitytofindtheirnests.

D.Theabilitytocallforhelp.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"drawparallels"inParagraph2mostprobablymean？______A.Identifysimilarities. B.Createconflicts.

C.Conductexperiments. D.Developtheories.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthe"anternet"describedinthepassage？______A.Itreducestheneedforantstodetectchemicals.

B.Itdependsheavilyonreliablecommunicationsignals.

C.Itrequiresaleadertoorganizefood-searchingbehaviour.

D.Itwasdevelopedbycomputerscientistsandlaterusedtostudyants.16.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardusingantsasexamplesforhumansormachines？______A.Doubtful. B.Critical. C.Positive. D.Indifferent.三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共22.5分。

Whentheseaturtledidn'tdive，HerbandRhondaknewsomethingwaswrong.InAugust2022，thecouplewasoutontheirboatfishingintheChesapeakeBaynearthemouthoftheChoptankRiverwhenHerbbrieflysawaseaturtleatthe

(17)

ofthewater.RhondahadneverseenaseaturtleintheBaybeforeandwantedtogetacloserlook-maybeeventakea

(18)

—sotheyturnedback，hopingtheymightseeitagain.

(19)

，theturtlestayedinthesameplace，not

(20)

evenwhentheydrewnear.

(21)

，HerbandRhondacalledtheMarylandDepartmentofNaturalResources.TheDNRhelpedthem

(22)

theNationalAquariumAnimalRescue.Herbsentphotosandvideosoftheanimaltotheorganizationanditsmanager，KateShaffer，whoaskedhimtorecordhowoftentheturtlewasbreathing.Basedonthe

(23)

，Katerealizedtheturtlewasin

(24)

andneededimmediaterescue.Becausetheseaturtlewassolarge，theaquariumteam

(25)

helpfromtheMarylandNaturalResourcesPolicetobringitashore.

HerbandRhondastayedbesidetheturtlefortwohourswhilethepoliceteamrushedtothescene."Ourboathasanelectricmotor，sowecouldfloatbesideitwithoutdisturbingitandkeepaclose

(26)

，"Herbsaid.Rhondakeptspeaking

(27)

totheturtle.reassuringitthathelpwasontheway.ThepolicebroughttheturtletoshoreandmetKate.Sheconfirmedthatitsvitalsignswerenormal，soitcouldbetransportedtoBaltimore.

There，rescueandveterinarystaffcarriedoutacomprehensive

(28)

andbeganmedicaltreatment.Forawhile，theturtle'ssurvivalwasuncertain.Luckily，aftermonthsoftreatmentandcare，itsconditiongraduallyimproved.OnMay10，ninemonthsafterthediscovery，HerbandRhondajoinedtheaquariumrescueteamtosaygoodbyetotheturtle.

Theturtlecrawledontothesand，spunaroundasifshowing

(29)

toeveryone，andthenslippedbackintothesea.ToHerbandRhonda，thisturtleservesasa（n）

(30)

：whenweobserveandprotectthelivingcreaturesaroundus，wenotonlysavewildlifespeciesbutalsopreservethebeautyofnaturedeepinourhearts.Theexperienceleftadeepimpressiononthecouple.Theynowencourageotherstostay

(31)

andreportanyinjuredwildlifetheyencounter.Thiseventbecameanunforgettableexperienceforthem.17.A.surface B.bottom C.center D.edge18.A.break B.ride C.photo D.chance19.A.Obviously B.Unfortunately C.Hopefully D.Surprisingly20.A.moving B.breathing C.eating D.floating21.A.Excited B.Concerned C.Disappointed D.Relaxed22.A.join B.visit C.contact D.locate23.A.time B.plan C.environment D.information24.A.fear B.danger C.peace D.doubt25.A.refused B.avoided C.requested D.ignored26.A.watch B.touch C.track D.tie27.A.loudly B.softly C.nervously D.angrily28.A.survey B.review C.examination D.study29.A.courage B.interest C.worries D.thanks30.A.researcher B.observer C.volunteer D.reminder31.A.aware B.calm C.fresh D.friendly四、单句语法填空：本大题共3小题，共6分。32.

Beethoven

（compose）hisNinthSymphonybetween1822and1824.33.I

（start）makingmusicvideosthreeyearsagoandIamveryfondofit34.China

（make）greatprogressinAItechnologyoverthepastfewyears.五、单词拼写-单句：本大题共5小题，共10分。35.

Doyouknowthereason

wemustsavewater？36.Heasked

Icouldshowhimhowtooperatetheairconditioner.37.Theforest

manyrarebirdslivehasbeenbetterprotected.38.

allrolemodelspassdowntousisthenoblespiritofdevotionandresponsibility.39.

Themoment

therobotcompletedthetasksuccessfullyexcitedthewholeteam.六、句子翻译：本大题共5小题，共10分。40.我应该尽自己所能保护环境。（domypart）（汉译英）

41.同学们已经想出了一些主意来解决这个问题。（comeupwith）（汉译英）

42.这幅画被看作是现代艺术的代表作。（beregardedas）（汉译英）

43.如果你需要更多的信息，请不要犹豫与我联系。（nothesitatetodo）

44.我们已经没时间了，所以我们必须快点。（runoutof）（汉译英）

七、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共9分。45.

Iusedtohaveanextremelypoornaturalmemory.Iconstantlystruggledtoremembernames，dates，andvocabulary，andanynewknowledgeIlearnedwouldquicklyslipfrommymind.Discouragedbythisweakness，Idecidedtomasterprofessionalmemorytechniques.Asacompetitorinmysixties，IwontheAustralianMemoryChampionshipsinboth2017and2018.Overthepastdecade，Ihavebuiltkilometresofmemorypalacestostoreawiderangeofknowledge，includinggeography，foreignvocabulary，andmuchmore.

Thememorypalace，alsoknownasthemethodofloci，isanancienttechniqueoriginatinginAncientGreece.Simplyput，itisacustomizedmentalspacewherepeoplestoreandorganizeinformation.Unlikerotememorization，itrequiresdeepunderstandingratherthanblindrepetition.Ifollowseveralclearstepstobuildmyownmemorypalaces.First，Ichooseafamiliarlocation，suchasmyhouse，andarrangefixedspotsinaclearorder，suchasthefrontdoor，thebookcase，andthetable.Second，Iattachinformationtotheselocationsbycreatingvividandstrikingmentalassociations.Third，Irepeatedlytakeamentalwalkthroughthespaceinordertobecomefamiliarwiththesequence.Ialsofollowaruleofmarkingeveryfifthlocationforeasierrecall，whichhelpspreventmefrommissinganyinformation.

Ihavegainedmanybenefitsfromthispowerfultechnique.Itnotonlyhelpsmememorizeinformationefficientlybutalsoallowsmetokeepknowledgeforalongtime.Thisworksbecausethehippocampusinourbrainishighlysensitivetospatialinformation（空间信息）.Bylinkingknowledgetospecificlocations，Icantransfershort-termmemoriesintolong-termones，whilevividmentalassociationsfurtherstrengthenrecall.Inaddition，thismethodimprovescognitiveabilitiessuchasconcentrationandcuriosity.Withknowledgeclearlyorganizedinmymind，Iamabletoconnectunrelatedideasandstimulatecreativity.

Thistechniqueissuitableforeverylearner.EventhoughIamnotnaturallygoodatvisualizingimages，Icanstillmemorizeeffectivelythroughlogicalstoriesandassociations.Ihavebuiltvariousmemorypalacesforgeography，history，andforeignlanguageswithoutbeinglimitedbyphysicalspace.InsteadofdependingentirelyontheInternettosearchforinformation，Ifirmlyinternalizeknowledge.Withregularscientificreview，theinformationcanremaininmymemoryforyears.Inco