高三英语二轮专项强化限时练（八）

高三英语二轮专项强化训练限时练(A)

一、语言知识精准练［完形填空+语法填空］

I.完形填空

（2021•内蒙古包头二模）

Onasunnyday,ayellowschoolbusheadstoElverParkinMadison,Wise.Theseventhgradersinsideare

excitedto_1_therocketsthey,vcbuiltinclass.

Atthepark,thestudentsfindtheirassignedflagposts,annedwiththeirrocket,notebook,pencilandangle

finder（量角器）.Twoatatime,theymarchtotheplatfbmiand2theirrocketfbrtake-off.Theywaitfbrtheir

teacher,s3tostartthecountdown：5,4,3,2,1...Go!

Withtheanglefinderandalittlemath,theyestimateeachrocket*smaximum4.Theycalculatehowtheir

rocket5against90othersmadebytheirclassmatesandteacher.

uWiththerocketunit,Iteachthe_6_principlesofphysicsandmotion（移动），“explainsDavidRopa.Hc

teachesscienceatSpringHarborMiddleSchoolandadvocateslearningby7.Thatincludestakingmathand

scienceintothepark.

“Kids,likeallhumans,aredoingscienceallthetime,"saysRopa."They8theworldthroughplay,”

he9>awhetherit'sstackingtoysorbuildingbikeramps."Theyhaveahypothesis（假说）.Theysetupa

test.They10theresults.Thentheyadjusttheir11.

“The12hisstudentsuseatschool,“saysRopa,“aresimilartothosethatmanyadultsuseatwork.”

Someoftheseadults13awhitelabcoatandcarryabusinesscardwiththewordscientist”.Mostdon't.

inMadison'sElverPark,thestudentsmaketheir14flyashighastheycan.Thatteachesthemthephysics

of15.44Italsodevelopsasenseofcreating16andhopefulness^”saysRopa.

Somekidswillnever17thatrocketlaunch.Forothers,theucalculation，?mayhookthemon18.

“Kidsarc19>“saysRopa."Justwatchthemwhenthesea20adeadfish.That*swhatscientists

reallyarc-verycuriouspeoplewhokeepthatcuriositygoingintheirjobs.n

语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文聿讲述了DavidRopa老师在课堂上教授学生们基本理论，让

他们在公园里发射自己制造的火箭来学习物理和运动的过程，由此让学生们通过在实践中学

习培养探索世界的好奇心并对科学产生兴趣。

1.A.markB.launch

C.checkD.observe

答案B

解析mark标志；launch发射；check检查：observe观察。根据后文的"Twoatatime,theymarchtotheplatfbrm

andtheirrocketfortake-off.可知，此空表示发射火箭。故选B项。

2.A.prepareB.serve

C.considerD.raise

答案A

解析prepare准备；serve服务；consider考虑；raise提高。根据后文的“Theywaitfortheirteacher'sto

startthecountdown:5,4,3,2,1...Go!”可知，此空表示他们为火箭发射做准备。故选A项。

3.A.informationB.warning

C.signalD.lesson

答案C

解析information信息；warning警告：signal信号:lesson课。根据后文的“5,4,3,2』…Go!"可知，此空

表示他们等待老师的发射信号。故选C项。

4.A.lengthB.size

C.weightD.height

答案D

解析length长度；size大小：weight重量；height高度。根据后文的“InMadison'sElverPark,thestudents

maketheirflyashighastheycan.v可知，此空表示他们估计了每枚火箭的最大高度。故选D项。

5.A.succeedsB.lends

C.crashesD.slows

答案A

解析succeed成功；lend借；crash碰撞；slow放缓。根据上文的"theyestimateeachrocket's

maximum"可知，他们估计了每枚火箭的最大高度是为了得知他们自己的火箭是不是超过了其他人

的火箭，即战胜他人获得成功。故选A项。

6.A.difficultB.basic

C.complexD.abstract

答案B

解析difficull困难的；basic基本的；complex复杂的；abstract抽象的。根据上下文语境和常识可知，David

Ropa教授物理和物体移动的基本原理。故选B项。

7.A.memorizingB.biking

C.doingD.calculating

答案C

解析memorize记忆:bike骑车:do做,实践;calculate计算。根据下文的“'Kids,likeallhumans,are

doingscienceallthetime,'saysRopa.w可知，他提倡通过实践来学习。故选C项。

8.A.escapeB.travel

C.conquerD.explore

答案D

解析escape逃避；travel旅行；conquer征服；explore探索。根据上文的“'Kids,likeallhumans,aredoing

scienceallthetime,'saysRopa.”以及下文的“whetherit'sstackingtoysorbuildingbikeramps”可知，他

们通过玩来探索世界。故选D项（：

9.A.addsB.argues

C.debatesD.admits

答案A

解析add补充道；argue争论；debate辩论：admit承认。根据上文的“'Kids,l汰eallhumans,arcdoingscience

allthetime,'saysRopa.”以及下文的“whetherit'sstackingtoysorbuildingbikerampsn可知，后文是Ropa

补充说的内容。故选A项。

10.A.changeB.analyze

C.absorbD.drcam

答案B

解析change改变：analyze分析；absorb吸收；dream做梦。根据上文的“Theyhaveahypothesis（假说）.They

setupatest.”以及下文的"Thentheyadjusttheir可知，这是做实验的常规步骤，即先有一个假说、

进行测试、分析结果、调整策略等。故选B项。

11.A.purposeB.condition

C.strategyD.conclusion

答案C

解析参考上题解析。purpose目妁；condition条件；strategy策略；conclusion结论。故选C项。

12.A.toolsB.books

C.tablesD.descriptions

答案A

解析tool工具；book书籍;table表格；description描述。根据下文的"aresimilartothosethatmanyadults

useatwork”可知，与成年人在工作中所使用的东西相似，在工作中用到的应该是工具。故选A项。

13.A.showB.hold

C.provideD.wear

答案D

解析show显示；hold举行；provide提供：wear穿。根据下文的宾语“awhitelabcoat”可知，应该是穿

着白大褂。故选D项。

14.A.kitesB.rockets

C.modelsD.birds

答案B

解析kite风筝；rocket火箭；model模型；bird鸟。根据上文的"Theseventhgradersinsideareexcited

totherocketsthey'vebuiltinclass.”可知，选B项。

15.A.lifeB.air

C.flightD.sport

答案C

解析life生活：air空气;flight飞行；sport运动。根据上文的“InMadison'sElverPark,thestudentsmake

theirflyashighastheycan.”可知，选C项。

16.A.wonderB.satisfaction

C.achievementD.direction

答案A

解析wonder奇迹：satisfaction满意;achievement成就：direction方向。根据常识可知,做实脸可以得到

意外的收获即创造夺迹。故选A项。

17.A.recordB.start

C.missD.forget

答案D

解析record记录；start开始：miss错过；fbrget忘记。根据上文的“Theseventhgradersinsideareexcited

totherocketsthey*vebuiltinclass.n可知，这次火箭发射是令学生们非常激动的一次经历，所以孩子

们应该永远也不会忘记这次火箭发射。故选D项。

18.A.entertainmentB.science

C.pleasureD.interest

答案B

解析entertainment娱乐：science科学：pleasure高兴；interest兴趣。根据上文的“Thatincludestakingmath

andscienceintothepark."可知，老师在公园里教授数学和科学，所以这次经历应该让学生对科学产生兴趣。

故选B项。

19.A.activeB.simple

C.curiousD.generous

答案C

解析active活跃的；simple简单的；curious好奇的；generous慷慨的。根据下文的“That'swhatscientists

reallyareverycuriouspeoplewhekeepthatcuriositygoingintheirjobs.v可知，空处应选“好奇"。故选C

项。

20.A.movesoffB.sweepsup

C.setsasideD.washesup

答案D

解析moveoff离开；sweepup清理；seiaside预留；washup冲上岸。根据空前主语“thesea”及空后宾语

“adeadflsh”可知，海水将一条死鱼冲上岸。故选D项。

H.语法填空

YungangGrotloes(石窟)inDaiong,ShanxiProvince,areaworldculturalheritage(遗产)sitewithahistory

that1.(go)backmorethan1,500years.InYungang's45biggrottoesandmorethan200smallgrottoes»

roughly59,000figuresoftheBuddha,2.(be)apricelesstreasureofhumanculture.

3.becauseoftheeffectsofclimatechangeandnaturaldisasters,thegrottoesfacedamageyearafter

year.Thanksto4.(advance)digitaltechnology,researchersarebusyuduplicating"(复制)theYungang

Grottoesinanattempttopreservethepreciousculturalrelics(遗物).Employing3Dlaserscanningtechnology»the

researchers5.(digital)recordtheshapes,colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesandlaterreproduce

6.byusing3Dprintingtechnology.

Thenewtechnologycouldenablemorepeople7.(access)theculturalrelicsdespitethedistance.In

June,2020,theZhejiangUniversityCulturalRelicsResearchInstituteandYungangGrottoesResearchInstitute

together“copiedandpasted“CaveNo.l2oftheYungangGrottoesfbran8.(exhibit)inHangzhou,inwhich

istheworld?sfirst3D-printcd1:1“copy”ofagrotto.

TheseYungang9.(researcher)attemptisagoodexampleoftechnologyhelpingtopreservecultural

hertage.ltishoped10.thenewdigitalizedtechnologieswillfacilitatethe“rebirth”oftheculturalrelics>

andbringthemtomoreplacesworldwide.

语篇解读这是一篇说明文。山西大同云冈石窟是世界文化遗产，距今已有I500多年的历

史。文章主要介绍研究人员使用数字技术复制云冈石窟，希望保存这些遗产。

1.答案goes

解析考查动词时态和主谓一致。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且定语从句修饰先行词history，从句

中谓语动词与先行词保持一致，应用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。

2.答案arc

解析考查主谓一致。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为“59,000figuresofiheBuddha”，谓语动词

用复数。故填are。

3.答案But

解析考查连词。上文提到石窟的价值，结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知，上下文是转折关系，

应用but,空处位于句首，首字母须大写，故填But。

4.答案advanced

解析考查词性转换。修饰后文名词短语digitaltechnology,应用形容词，作定语。故填advanced。

5.答案digitally

解析考查副词。修饰后文动词record应用副词，作状语。故填digitally。

6.答案them

解析考查代词。此处指对上又提到的“shapes,colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesF,进行复制，作宾

语，应用代词them。

7.答案toaccess

解析考查非谓语动词。表示“让某人能够做某事"，短语为enablesb.lodosth.。故填toaccess。

8.答案exhibition

解析考查词性转换。空处作宾语，表示“展览”应用名词，冠词an提示应用单数。故填exhibition。

9.答案researchers,

解析考查名词的数和所有格。根据上文these可知researcher应用复数，且与后文名词attempt构成所属关

系，故应用名词所有格。故填researchers'。

10.答案that

解析考查主语从句。句意为：人们希望新的数字化技术能够促进文物的“重生”，并将其带到世界更多

地方。表示“人们希望……”的句型为“itishopedthat...”，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故填that。

0语篇再利用

I.词汇积累

1.rocket//.火筋（弹）；焰火

2.marchz.前进；行军n.游行；进步

3.estimate/.估计，估算；评价〃.估计，预测

4.calculate计算；估算；估计；预料

5.principlen.道德原则;法则；观念

6.advocateV.拥护：主张

7.treasure〃.财宝，珍宝珍藏，珍视，珍爱

8.disastern.灾难；不幸

9.digitalq次数码的；数字显示的

10.preserve，保持；保护

II.长难句分析

InJune,2020,theZhejiangUniversityCulturalRelicsResearch

InsliiutcandYungangGrolloesResearchInsliluletogether**copied

andpasted"CaveNo.12oftheYungangGrottoes（foranexhibition

目的状语」

inHangzhou],（inwhichistheworld,sfirst3D-printed】：1"copy"

L“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句

ofagrotto）.

2020年6月，浙江大学文物研究所和云冈石窟研究所在杭州的一个展览会上共同“复制粘贴”了云冈石窟

第12窟，这是世界上第一个3D打印1：1“复制”的石窟。

二、阅读理解提速练［阅读理解4篇+阅读七选五1篇|

I.阅读理解

A

TRAVELADVISORY

Hereareafewthingsyoushouldknowbeforeyoutakeoffonyournexttrip.

FrontierAirlinesFaceCoveringRequirement

Asrequiredbyfederallaw,theCentersfbrDiseaseControl(CDC)OrderandTransportationSecurity

Administration(TSA)SecurityDirective,allpassengersandemployeesmustwearafacecoveringovernoseand

mouththroughouttheFrontiertravelexperienceincludingatticketcounters,gateareas,baggageclaimandonboard

allflights.Facecoveringsarcnotrequiredfbrchildrenundertheageof2.Facecoveringsmustfitsnugly(紧密地)

overyournoseandmouthandbesecuredunderthechin.Notwearinganapprovedfacecoveringisaviolationof

federallawandyoumaylosefuturetravelprivilegesonFrontier.

*Personsadisability(A//WcannotWearamask,orcannotsafelylA/earamask,becauseofthatdisability

asdefinedbytheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActcanapplyforafacemaskexe阳'〃(豁免).Tolearnabout

pre-Ua14//exemptionrequirements,clickhere.

TemperatureScreeningRequirement

Anyonewithatemperatureof100.4degreesFahrenheitorhigherwillnotbeabletoboardtheplane.Iftime

allows,wcwillgivecustomerstheopportunitytorestbeforereceivingasecondcheck.Ifthesecondtemperature

screeningis100.4degreesorhigher,ourteamwillhelpthecustomertorebooktravelonalaterdatewhentheyare

feelingbetter.

KnowYourIravelPolicy

CDCissuedanOrderonJanuary12,2021(effectivesinceJanuary,26,2021)requiringproofofanegative

COVID-19testordocumentationofhavingrecoveredfromCOVID-19fbrallairpassengersanivingfroma

foreigncountrytotheUS.

语篇解读这是一篇应用文。文聿主要介绍了三项在疫情期间旅行的注意事项。

1.WhocanlegallyboardaFrontierAirlinesflightwithoutwearingafacecovering?

A.AseniormanagerofFrontierAirlines.

B.Ablindmaninawheelchair.

C.Aone-year-oldbaby.

D.Ahighschoolstudent.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据FrontierAirlinesFaceCoveringRequirement部分中的“Facecoveringsarenot

requiredforchildrenundertheagecf2.”可知，2岁以下的儿童无需佩戴口罩，故选C项。

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.PassengerswithoutproperfacecoveringsmaybebannedfromflyingwithFrontierAirlinesinthefuture.

B.Passengerscantakeofftheirfacecoveringswhentheypickuptheircheckedbaggage.

C.Passengerswithahighfeverwillhavetheirflightsrescheduled.

D.PassengerswithoutproofofanegativeCOVID-19testcan'tentertheUSonJanuary20,2021.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据TemperatureScreeningRequirement部分的内容可知，首次测温在华氏100.4度

或以上的人不允许登机，二次检测仍然在华氏100.4度或以上的乘客将会被安排重新预定旅行。由此可知，

发高烧的乘客要重新安排航班。板选C项。

3.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrem?

A.Awebsite.

B.Abrochure.

C.Aguidebook.

D.Anewspaper.

答案A

解析文章出处题。根据FrontierAirlinesFaceCoveringRequirement斜体部分最后一句话中的“click

here”可知，这篇文章应该出现在网页上。故选A项。

B

（2021•江西萍乡二模）

ThespotofredwaswhatfirstcaughtRandyHeiss'sattentiononDecember16.Hewasbikingonhisranchin

Patagonia,Arizona,atownneartheU.S.-Mcxicoborder.Heisswalkedtowardit»andfoundonthegrasslandwas

abrokenballoonwithitsstringattachedtoapieceofpaper.

uDayami,“itreadononeside,inachild'swriting.ltwasaChristinaswishlist,allinSpanish.He

suspectedthatachildhadtriedtosendSantaClausaChristmaswishlistbyballoon♦somethingheusedtodo

himselfwhenhewasakid.Andhewonderedwhetherhecouldfindthechildwhohadsentthisone.

Itwouldbedifficult,butbasedontheprevailingwind,Heisswasprettysurewhereitcamefrom-justacross

theborder,thecityofNogales,Mexico.

HeissthenpostedabouthisquestonFacebook,attachingphotos»hopinghisfriendsinNogalesmightknow

thegirl'sfamily.

Afewdayspassedwithnoleads.HeissworriedthattimewasrunningoutbeforeChristmas.OnDecember19,

hesentaprivateFacebookmessagetoRadioXENY,aradiostaticnbasedinNogales.Thenextmcming,Heiss

awoketoamessagefromRadioXENY：TheyhadlocatedDayami,aneight-year-oldgirl,andherfamily,who

indeedlivedinNogales."Itjustchangedmyentireday,“saidHeiss.Havingboughtjustabouteverythingon

Dayami'slistandafewothertoys,astheyhadlearnedthatDayamihadayoungersister»Heissandhiswife,at

theRadioXENY,metthefamily.

uTheireyeswerewideopenwithwonder,“Heisssaidofihetwosisters'reactions."Like,'Ohmy

gosh,thisreallydidwork!’"

NotwantingtodisappointthegirlswhostillbelievedinSantaClaus,Heissandhiswifetoldthemtheywere

“Santa'shelpers”.

14Itwasabeautifulandhealingexperienceforus...”Heisssaid.uSinceouronlysondiedtenyearsago,

beingaroundchildrenatChristmastimehasbeenabsentinourlives,“Heisssaid.uWenowhavefriendsfbr

lifb.And,fbraday,thatborderfencewithitswiremeltedaway.v

语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文登讲述了Heiss在牧场中偶然拾到了一个邻国女孩的愿望清

单，而后努力找到了这个女孩，并且帮其实现了圣诞愿望的暖心故事，向读者传达了爱不分

国界。

4.WhatdidHeissfindwhenhikingonhisranch?

A.AChristmaswishlistfromachild.

B.Amassofgrassland.

C.Aletteraddressedtohim.

D.Abeautifulredballoon.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“Heisswalkedtowardit,andfoundonthegrasslandwasabrokenballoon

withitsstringattachedtoapieceofpaper.”及第二段中“*Dayami,'itreadononeside,inachild's

writing.ltwasaChristmaswishlist,allinSpanish.v可知，当Heiss在牧场里骑车时发现了一个破了的气球，

气球的线上系着一个孩子用西班牙语写的圣诞节愿望清单，故选A。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“leads”inParagraph5probablymean?

A.Examples.B.Clues.

C.Suggestions.D.Plans.

答案B

解析词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，Heiss在Facebook上发布了照片，希望他在诺加利斯的朋友们可能认

识女孩的家人。第五段中“HeissworriedthattimewasrunningoutbeforeChristmas.”提到Heiss担心在圣诞

节前时间不多了，由此判断，画线词所在的句子意思是“几天过去了，没有任何线索”。lead在此处指的

是“线索”，故选B。

6.WhydidHeissmanagetofindDayami?

A.Hewantedtomakeupfbrhislostson.

B.HewantedtomakefriendswithDayami.

C.Hewantedtorealizehischildhooddream.

D.Hedidn'twanttospoilSantaClausfbrthegirls.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，为了不让那些仍然相信圣诞老人的女孩们失望，Heiss和他的妻

子告诉她们，他们是“圣诞老人的助手”。由此可知，Heiss设法找到了Dayami是因为他不想破坏孩子们

心中的圣诞老人，故选D。

7.Whatmessagedoesthetextintendtoconvey?

A.Loveknowsnoborders.

B.Aboldattemptishalfsuccess.

C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.

答案A

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中rtWenowhavefriendsfbrlife.And,foraday,thatborderfencewithits

wiremeltedaway.”可知，本文旨在传达爱是没有边界，不分国界的，故选A。

C

Onpaper,hydrogen（H2）lookslikeadreamfi.iel.Coal»oil,andnaturalgasproducecarbondioxide,which

warmstheearthwhenburned.Hydrogenproducespurewater.Hydrogenpacksmoreenergyintolessspacethana

batlcry（butcertainlylessthanpetrol）.Also,emptytanks（燃料箱）canberefilledwithhydrogenmuchfasterthan

refillingemptybatterieswithelectricity.

Whileinpractice,thingsaretrickier.Storingameaningfulamountofhydrogengasrequirespressingitseveral

hundred-fold.Changingitintotheliquidformisanotheroption,butitshouldbecooledto-253℃.Bothprocesses

requireaheavyandstrongtank.Whilea700bartankisacceptableforacitybusoratruck,adaptingitfbrusein

smallvehiclesisverydifficultbecausethepressureduringrefillingwouldbetoogreat.

Thesolution?Powerpaste.

AGermanteamofresearchers,ledbyMarcusVbgt,havecomeupwithaninteresting“powerpastev,which

canstorehydrogenenergyatatmosphericpressure,readyfbrreleasewhenneeded.ltissonamedbecauseitcomes

intabesandlooksliketoothpaste（牙膏），notinitstraditionalformofgas.

Themainingredient（原料）ofthepasteismagnesiumhydride,asubstancethatreactswithwatertofbnn

hydrogen.Theescapedhydrogencanthenbedirectedintoafuelcell,whereitreactswithoxygenfromtheairto

produceelectricpower.

Refuelingisverysimple,asinsteadofgoingtoafillingstation,driversandriderscansimplyreplaceanempty

tubewithanewoneandrefillthewatertank.

Giventhatpowerpasteonlybeginstobreakdownattemperaturesofaround250℃,itremainssafeevenwhen

avehiclestandsinthebakingsunfbrhours.

However,wewillhavetobepatient.Justbecausethatresearchershavesucceededindevelopinganewfueling

waydoesnotmeanthatwecanexpecttoseesuchvehiclesontheroadanytimesoon.ltwillindeedbeseveralyears

beforethisconceptisturnedintoreality.

语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文幸主要介绍了作为一种理想的燃料，氢与煤、石油和天然气

相比所具有的优势以及取代它们所面临的困难和解决办法。

8.Asafuel,whatistheadvantageofhydrogenoveroil?

A.Refillingemptytankswillbemoreconvenient.

B.Itislesslikelytoworsenglobalwarming.

C.Moreenergycanbepackedinthesamespace.

D.Itwillproducepurewaterfbrpeopletodrink.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Coal,oil,andnaturalgasproducecarbondioxide,whichwarmstheearth

whenburned.Hydrogenproducespurewater.v可知，作为燃料，或比石油具有的优点是它不太可能加剧全球

变暖。故选B项。

9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thepracticaldifficultiestousehydrogenasfuelinsmallvehicles.

B.Thedetailedprocessesofadaptingastrongtankinsmallvehicles.

C.Thedifferencesinfuelingbetweenlargevehiclesandsmallones.

D.Thetricksofbuildingstrongtanksinsmallvehicles.

答案A

解析段落大意题"根据文章第二段第一句及第二段最后一句可知，第二段主要讲的是在小型车辆中使用

氢作为燃料的实际困难。故选A项。

10.Theauthormentionstherefuelingprocesstoshowthatpowerpasteis.

A.inexpensive

B.powcrfiil

C.convenient

D.environmentally-friendly

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，加油很简单，司机和乘客不需要去加油站，只需用一个新管子

替换空管子，然后给水箱加水。由此推知，作者提到了加油过程，说明给车辆加膏状氢燃料是很方便的。

故选C项。

11.Whydocstheauthorcallonthereaderstobepatient?

A.Powerpaste-drivenvehiclessometimesmoveveryslowlyontheroad.

B.Practicaluseofpowerpaste-drivenvehicleswillnotcomeverysoon.

C.Powerpaste-drivenvehiclescanonlyworkafterbeinginthesunfbrhours.

D.Itwillbeyearsbeforetheresearchersworkouttheconceptofpovvcrpastc.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者呼吁读者要有耐心是因为这种新动力驱动的汽车的

实际应用尚需时日，不会很快到来。故选B项。

D

(2021•江西联考)

Everwonderhowyourbrainworkswhenmakingdecisionsbiggerthanmediumversusspicysalsa,like

buyingacaroracceptingajoboffer?ResearchersfromtheUniversityofDundeeinScotlandconductedastudy

thalclarifieswhyyoumaywanttohaveasmallbitebeforemakingthatbigdecision.

BenjaminVincentfromtheUniversityofDundee'sPsychologyDepartmentandhisco-authorJordan

Skyrnkatested50peopletwotimes：oncewhentheyfollowedtheirnormaleatingpatternsandoncewhentheydid

noteatanythingduringtheday.Usingthreedifferenttypesofrcwards(fbod,money,andsongdownloads),theteam

discoveredthatwhenpresentedwiththechoiceofreceivingtherewardnowversusdoubletheawardatsomepoint

inthefuture,participantswouldusuallyvolunteertowaitfbr35daystoearnalargerbounty,butwhentheywere

hungry,theysaidtheywouldonlywaitthreedays.

“Wewantedtoknowwhetherbeinginastateofhungerhadaspecificeffectonhowyoumakedecisions

onlyrelatingtofoodorithadbroadereffects,andthisresearchsuggestsdecision-makirggetsmore

present-fbeusedwhenpeoplearehungry,“Vincentsaidinastoryaboutthestudyontheuniversity,s

website."Youwouldpredictthathungerwouldimpactpeople,spreferencesrelatingtofood,butitisnotyet

clearwhypeoplegetmorepresent-fbeusedfbrcompletelyunrelatedrewards.Hungerissocommonthatitis

importanttounderstandthenon-obviouswaysinwhichourpreferencesanddecisionsmaybeaffectedbyit,"he

said.

InanearlierstudyofthesubjectbyateamatCambridgeUniversityinEngland,theresearchersnotedthat

serotoninplaysamajorroleinthedecision-makingprocess.uSincetherawmaterialfbrmakingserotonin—an

aminoacidcalledtryptophan-onlycomesfromdiet,levelsofthechemicaldeclinebetweenmeals>“reportsa

pieceintheTelegraphaboutthestudy.uThiscanleadtoaggressivenessandimpulsiveness,"saytheteam.

语篇解读这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明.饥饿会影响人的决斑。文章介绍了这一研究开

展的过程以及研究发现和意义。

12.HowdidBenjaminVincentandJordanSkyrnkacanyouttheirresearch?

A.Byanalyzingreasons.

B.Bymakingcomparison.

C.Bygivingexamples.

D.Byfillingquestionnaires.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，BenjaminVincent和他的合著者JordanSkyrnka对50人进行了

两次测试：一次是在他们遵循正常的饮食模式时，另一次是在他们白天不吃任何东西时。所以Benjamin

Vincent和JordanSkyrnka是通过比较进行他们的研究的。故选B。

13.Theunderlinedword“bounty”inParagraph2canbebestreplacedby"”.

A.bonusB.quantity

C.incomeD.fortune

答案A

解析词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知，利用三种不同类型的奖励（食物、金钱和歌曲下载），团队发现，

当让参与者在现在领取奖励与未来某个时间点领取双倍奖励之间选择时，参与者通常会自愿等待35天，以

获得更大的奖金，但当他们饥饿时，他们说他们只会等待三天。印画线词的意思与reward意思接近。故选

Ao

14.WhatconclusioncanwedrawfromVincent'sstudy?

A.It'scommontomakeawrongdecisionifyouarchungry.

B.Makesureyouarenothungrybeforemakingabigdecision.

C.Themorehungryyouarc,thequickeryouwillmakeadecision.

D.Beinghungrydrivesyoutomakeadecisionconnectedwithfood.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第三段中”...andthisresearchsuggest