【新教材】人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Starter Units 1-3语法知识讲义（含练习题及答案）

第第页【新教材】人教版（2024）七年级上册英语StarterUnits1-3语法知识讲义StarterUnit1Hello!📖单元主题：问候与介绍——学习日常问候语，字母A-H的认读与书写一、重点单词English中文拓展/变形hello/hi你好（问候语）hello更正式；hi更口语化good好的比较级better→最高级bestmorning/afternoon/evening早晨/下午/晚上Goodmorning!早安！how怎样；如何Howareyou?你好吗？are/am/is是（be动词）am用于I；is用于he/she/it；are用于you/we/theyfine/good/OK好的；健康的fine常指身体好；OK口语通用thank/thanks感谢thanks=thankyougoodbye/bye再见bye=goodbye（非正式）name名字firstname名/lastname姓/fullname全名what什么特殊疑问词，用于提问事物your/my/his/her你的/我的/他的/她的形容词性物主代词，后接名词meet遇见；结识过去式met；Nicetomeetyou!很高兴认识你！too也；太肯定句末用too；否定句末用eitherclass班级；课复数classes；inClass1在一班二、词汇变形汇总good→better（比较级）→best（最高级）am/is/are→过去式was/were→过去分词beenmeet→met（过去式）→met（过去分词）go→goes（三单）→went（过去式）→gone（过去分词）class→classes（复数）I→me（宾格）→my（形容词性物主代词）→mine（名词性物主代词）三、重点短语goodmorning/afternoon/evening早上/下午/晚上好hello/hi你好howareyou你好吗I'mfine,thankyou我很好，谢谢nicetomeetyou很高兴见到你saygoodbyetosb.向某人道别makefriends交朋友eachother互相；彼此四、重点句型★—Goodmorning!—Goodmorning!→——早上好！——早上好！★—Howareyou?—I'mfine,thankyou.Andyou?→——你好吗？——我很好，谢谢。你呢？★—What'syourname?—MynameisEmma.→——你叫什么名字？——我叫艾玛。★—Nicetomeetyou.—Nicetomeetyou,too.→——很高兴认识你。——我也很高兴认识你。★Let'sgotoclass.OK!→我们去上课吧。好！五、语法知识📌be动词的用法（初识）be动词有三种形式：am,is,are◆am只与I连用→Iam(I'm)astudent.◆is用于he/she/it/单数名词→Heis(He's)Peter.Thebookisnew.◆are用于you/we/they/复数名词→Youare(You're)myfriend.WeareinClass1.◆缩写规则：Iam=I'm;heis=he's;whatis=what's;isnot=isn't;arenot=aren't◆常见句型：肯定句：Iamastudent.→否定句：Iamnotastudent.一般疑问句：Areyouastudent?→Yes,Iam./No,I'mnot.StarterUnit2KeepTidy!📖单元主题：物品与方位——学习日常物品名称、颜色及方位介词一、重点单词English中文拓展/变形pencil/pen铅笔/钢笔pencilbox铅笔盒ruler尺子aruler一把尺子eraser橡皮aneraser一块橡皮book书复数books；notebook笔记本bag/schoolbag包/书包inthebag在包里key钥匙；关键复数keysred/blue/green/yellow/black/white颜色词aredpen一支红色的钢笔colour(color)颜色Whatcolour...?什么颜色？in/on/under在……里/上/下方位介词，表物品位置bed床onthebed在床上desk/table书桌/桌子onthedesk在书桌上chair椅子underthechair在椅子下cap/hat帽子cap偏向有帽檐的运动帽keep保持；保留keeptidy保持整洁tidy整洁的（adj.）；整理（v.）反义词untidy/messynow现在常用于现在进行时或一般现在时二、词汇变形汇总tidy→untidy（反义词）→tidily（副词）key→keys（复数）this→these（复数）→that→those（复数）I→my（形容词性物主代词）→mine（名词性物主代词）you→your（形容词性物主代词）→yours（名词性物主代词）he→his（形容词性/名词性物主代词）she→her（形容词性物主代词）→hers（名词性物主代词）三、重点短语keeptidy保持整洁onthedesk在书桌上intheschoolbag在书包里underthebed在床底下put...in/on/under...把……放在……里/上/下lookat看……whatcolour什么颜色apairof一双；一对excuseme打扰了；请问thankyoufor...因……而感谢四、重点句型★—Whatcolourisit?—It'sred.→——它是什么颜色？——它是红色的。★—Isthisyourpencil?—Yes,itis./No,itisn't.→——这是你的铅笔吗？——是的。/不是。★—Aretheseyourbooks?—Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.→——这些是你的书吗？——是的。/不是。★Therulerisonthedesk.Theschoolbagisunderthechair.→尺子在书桌上。书包在椅子下面。★Let'skeepourclassroomtidy!→让我们保持教室整洁！★—Whereismycap?—It'sonthebed.→——我的帽子在哪？——它在床上。五、语法知识📌方位介词与指示代词【方位介词】◆in在……里面→Thebookisinthebag.◆on在……上面（接触表面）→Thepenisonthedesk.◆under在……下面→Theballisunderthechair.【指示代词】◆this/that（单数）→these/those（复数）◆this/these指近处的人或物；that/those指远处的人或物◆例句：Thisismybook.Thesearemybooks.Thatishispen.Thoseareherrulers.【名词所有格初步】◆单数名词+'s→Tom'sbook汤姆的书◆以s结尾的复数名词+'→thestudents'classroom学生们的教室

StarterUnit3Welcome!📖单元主题：农场与庭院——学习常见动植物名称、数量表达及Howmany句型一、重点单词English中文拓展/变形rabbit兔子复数rabbitsduck鸭子复数ducks；duckling小鸭子chicken鸡；鸡肉复数chickens；chick小鸡goose鹅复数geese（不规则变化）cow奶牛复数cowspig猪复数pigscat/dog猫/狗复数cats/dogstomato西红柿复数tomatoes（以o结尾加es）potato土豆复数potatoescarrot胡萝卜复数carrotsapple/banana苹果/香蕉复数apples/bananasfarm农场onthefarm在农场里garden花园；菜园inthegarden在花园里flower花复数flowersgrass草；草地不可数名词tree树复数trees；familytree家谱many/much许多many+可数复数；much+不可数howmany多少（提问可数）Howmanyducksarethere?count数数；计算countnumbers数数welcome欢迎Welcometo...欢迎来到……二、词汇变形汇总goose→geese（复数，不规则变化）tomato→tomatoes（复数）potato→potatoes（复数）carrot→carrots（复数）count→countable（adj.可数的）→uncountable（adj.不可数的）many→more（比较级）→most（最高级）welcome→welcomed（过去式）→welcoming（adj.热情的）三、重点短语onthefarm在农场里inthegarden在花园里howmany多少（接可数名词复数）count...数……welcometo...欢迎来到……alotof/lotsof许多（可数/不可数均可）lookat看……playwith和……一起玩thereare/thereis有……（存在）四、重点句型★—Howmanyducksarethere?—Therearesixducks.→——有多少只鸭子？——有六只鸭子。★—Whatarethese?—Theyaretomatoes.→——这些是什么？——它们是西红柿。★—Whatisthat?—It'sarabbit.→——那是什么？——它是一只兔子。★Welcometomyfarm!→欢迎来到我的农场！★Therearemanyanimalsonthefarm.→农场里有许多动物。★Icancounttoten:one,two,three...→我能数到十：一、二、三……五、语法知识📌Therebe句型初步与名词复数【Therebe句型】表示"某处有某物"◆肯定句：Thereis+单数/不可数名词+地点.Thereisarabbitinthegarden.花园里有一只兔子。◆肯定句：Thereare+复数名词+地点.Therearemanyducksonthefarm.农场里有许多鸭子。◆否定句：Thereisnot(isn't)/arenot(aren't)+名词+地点.◆一般疑问句：Is/Arethere+名词+地点?回答：Yes,thereis/are./No,thereisn't/aren't.【名词复数变化规则】◆一般加-s：book→books,cat→cats◆以s/x/ch/sh结尾加-es：bus→buses,watch→watches◆以辅音+y结尾，变y为i加-es：city→cities◆以o结尾（部分）加-es：tomato→tomatoes,potato→potatoes◆不规则变化：goose→geese,foot→feet,tooth→teeth【howmanyvshowmuch】◆howmany+可数名词复数→Howmanyapplesdoyouhave?◆howmuch+不可数名词→Howmuchwaterdoweneed?巩固练习一、单词/短语填空（根据句意填正确形式）1.Howmany_______(sheep)arethereonthefarm?2.Whatcoloris_______(you)newpen?It'sblue.3._______(this)aremyfriendsLilyandLucy.4.There_______(be)somemilkinthecup.(Therebe初识)5.Look!Adogis_______(在...下面)thechair.二、单项选择1.Goodmorning!-_______A.Goodbye!B.Goodmorning!C.Thanks!2.What'sthis_______English?-It'sanorange.A.inB.onC.at3.Myfavoritecoloris_______.A.appleB.redC.dog4.Isthatacat?-Yes,_______.A.itisB.itisn'tC.theyare5.There____twobooksandapenonthedesk.A.isB.areC.am6.Howmanybirdscanyousee?-Icanseefive_______.A.birdB.birdsC.abird7.Therabbitis____thebox,youcan'tseeit.A.under