初中人教版八年级英语下册Unit 5 Nature's Temper 知识点（2026春）

八年级英语下册

Unit5知识点

[Usefulexpressions]

1.hearabout得知；听到关于

2.warnsbof/aboutsth亮醒/警告某人某事/物

3.intime及时

4.dochores做家务

5.takeatrain乘坐火车

6.stayinhotels待在旅馆

7.takeplace发生;举行

8.getflooded被淹没

9.atthetimeof....的时候

10.al1ofasudden突然；猛地

11.slowdown减慢

12.knowabout知道；了解

13.getintoanaccident发生事故

14.causesbtodosth导致某人做某事

15.exceptfor除了....之外

16.wakeup醒来；叫醒

17.bythetime到....时候为止

18.gowrong出故障；出差错

19.makepreparations做准备

20.assoonas一....就......

21.gooff（闹钟）响;离开

22.raincatsanddogs下大雨

23.onholiday在假

24.ontopof在....上面

25.refusetodosth拒绝做某事

26.returntosp返回某地

27.securityguard保安人员

28.jumpintoaction立刻行动

29.thedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath生死之别

30.sweepthrough扫过；掠过

31.avoiddoingsth避免做某事

32.putout扑灭

33.stayawayfrom远离....

34.bytheendof到....末为止

35.outofbreath气喘吁吁

36.asaresult结果

37.anaturaldisaster自然灾害

38.strongwindsandheavyrain狂风暴雨

39.weatherreport天气预报

40.cleanup打扫干净；清理

41.payattentionto注意；关注

42.runforsafety跑向安全地带

43.breakout爆发;突然发生

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44.intotaldarkness一片漆黑

[Targetsentences]

1.Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?

---Iwasreadinginthelibraryatthattime.

2.Ourneighbourwarnedusaboutitintime.

3.Whatwereyoudoingatthetime?

---Oh,myfamilywerehavingdinnerwhenshecalled.

4.Twasdoingmyhomeworkwhenthebuildingshookal1ofasudden.

5.Whatwereyoudoingwhenitstarted,Jiaming?

---Oh,Iwasdoingsomechoreswhilemymotherwaspreparinglunch.

6.Excuseme.Didyouhaveanytroubleduringthetyphoon?

7.Weweredrivinghomefromourrelatives,housewhenthestrongwindsstarted.

8.Hewaswaitingforthebuswhenitstartedtorainheavily.

9.Whileshewascooking,thelightwentoutsuddenly.

10.Finally,hermotherdecidedtocontinuethewalkalone,andtherestofherfamily

returnedtothehotel.

11.Hejumpedintoactionrightawayandrushedtogetpeopleoffthebeach.

12.Peoplewerescreamingandrunningasfastastheycouldwhentheysawahugewall

ofwatercomingfromthesea.

13.Thistruestoryshowshowasinglelessoncouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlife

anddeath.

14.Thankstoherknowledgeandquickthinking,oneschoolgirlwasable:osaveover

100lives.

15.Itwasveryhardtofightthefiresbecauseofthehightemperaturesandchangeable

winds,buttherescueworkerstogiveup.

16.BytheendofAugust,theymanagedtoputoutallthefires.

17.IgottoschooloutofbreathbecauseIranalltheway.

18.Makesurethatallthedoorsarelockedbeforeyouleave.

19.Theteacheradvisedustopayattentiontotheweatherreporteveryday.

20.It'simportanttostaycalmwhenanaturaldisasterhappens.

21.Whilemymomwascleaningtheroom,mydadwasfixingthebrokenchair.

22.BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadylefthome.

23.Assoonasweheardthealarm,weranforsafetyrightaway.

24.Thewindwastoostrongformetousemyumbrella!

25.Iwasstillworryingaboutthetestwhenthebusdriversaidthatwewojldbelate.

[Languagepoints）

1.Nature*sTemper

loseone'stemper（发牌气）

keepone'stemper（忍住脾气；不发火）

例：Heoftenloseshistemperwithhislittlesister.

例：Trytokeepyourtemperwhenyouareangry.

2.Howdonaturaldisastersaffectourlives?

①affectv.影响，打动；（及物动词）;

affectsb/sth（影响/打动某人/某物）

beaffectedbysth/sb（受.....影响/被......打动）

例：Manyplantsareaffpct.pdhythpcoldwint.or.

②effectn.影响；效果

haveaneffectonsb/sth（对菜人/某物有影响）

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例：Thenoiseaffectsmystudy.

例：Thenoisehasaneffectonmystudy.

3.Ourneighbourwarnedusaboutitintime.

①warnsb.aboutsth.（提醒/警告某人注意某事）

拓展：warnsb.（not）todosth.（警告某人（不要）做某事）

例句：Theteacherwarnedusaboutthedangerofswimmingintheriver.

②intime（及时，强调“在关键时刻赶上”，与ontime“按时”区分）

例句：Wearrivedatthestationintimetocatchthetrain.

4.Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?

---Iwasreadinginthelibraryatthattime.

①结构：主语十was/were十V~ing

否定：was/werenot+V-ing；

疑问：Was/Were+主语+V-ing?

②核心用法：表示过去某一具体时间/某一时间段内正在进行的动作，常搭配when/while

引导的时间状语从句。

③适用场景：

过去某一时刻正在做某事，突然发生另一件事（when接短暂性动词，主句用过去进行时）

过去两个动作同时进行（while接延续性动词，主从句均可用过去进行时）

④例句：

---Whatwereyoudoingatthetime?

---Oh,myfamilywerehavingdinnerwhenshecalled.

Weweredrivinghomefromourrelatives'housewhenthestrongwindsstarted.

Whileshewascooking,thelightwentoutsuddenly.

⑤stormn.暴风雨

inastorm在暴风雨中

becaughtinastorm遭遇暴风雨

5.Excuseme.Didyouhaveanytroubleduringthetyphoon?

①havetrouble（in）doingsth.（做某事有困难，in可省略）

拓展：havedifficulty（in）doingsth./haveahardtimedoingsth.

例句：IhadtroublelearningEnglishgrammarlastterm.

②beintrouble处于困境中；遇到麻烦

③troublev.麻烦

troublesbtodosth麻烦某人做某雷

6.Whatwereyoudoingwhenitstarted,Jiaming?

---Oh,Iwasdoingsomechoreswhilemymotherwaspreparinglunch.

①dochores（做家务，固定搭配，=dohousework）

②preparev.准备

preparationn.准备

preparedadj.有准备的

preparetodosth.准备做某事

bepreparedfor为.....【故好准备

makepreparationsfor为.....做准备

7.Peoplewerescreamingandrunningasfastastheycouldwhentheysawahugewall

ofwatercomingfromthesea.

①screamandrun（并列动词，用and连接，均用过去进行时）

②asfastastheycould（固定搭配，“尽他们所能快地”,=asfast,aspossible）

③seesb./sth.doingsth.（看见某人/某物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行）

例句：Theywerelaughingandtalkingasloudlyastheycouldwhentheteachercame

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in.

8.Finally,hermotherdecidedtocontinuethewalkalone,andtherestofherfamily

returnedtothehotel.

①decidetodosth.决定做某事，decide后接不定式

例句：Shedecidedtovisithergrandparentsthisweekend.

拓展：decisionn.决定；makeadecisiontodosth.

②continuedoingsth.继续做同一件事；

continuetodosth.继续做另一件事

例句：Hecontinuedreadingthebook./HecontinuedtowatchTVafterdinner.

③therestof……的剩余部分，后接名词/代词，谓语动词单复数由名词决定

例句：Therestofthewaterisdirty.

Therestofthestudentsarereading.

9.Hejumpedintoactionrightawayandrushedtogetpeopleoffthebeach.

①jumpintoaction立即行动，固定搭配

②rightaway立刻，马上，=atonce/immediately）

③rushtodosth.匆忙做某事；

@getsb.offsp.让某人离开某地

10.Thankstoherknowledgeandquickthinking,oneschoolgirlwasable:osaveover

100lives.

①thanksto（多万；由十，表原因，后接名词/代词/动名词，与becauseof用法一

致）

例句：Thankstohishelp,Tpassedtheexam.

②beableto（能够，强调“通过努力具备能力"，与can区分：can表“天生/客观

能力"，beableto可用于各种时态

例句：Shewasabletoswimwhenshewasfive.

③over（介词，“超过"，=morethan）

11.BytheendofAugust,theymanagedtoputoutallthefires.

①bytheendof+时间（到……结束时，后接过去时间，主句用过去完成时；接将来时

间，主句用将来完成时）

例句：Bytheendoflastyear,wehadlearned2000words.

②managetodosth.（设法做成某事，强调“成功完成”，与trytodosth.”尝试做（未

必成功）”区分）

例句：Wemanagedtofinishtheworkontime.

③putout（扑灭；熄灭，固定短语，宾语为fire/candle等）

例句：Thefirefightersputoutthebigfirequickly.

12.Itwasveryhardtofightthefiresbecauseofthehightemperaturesandchangeable

winds.

①Itis/was+adj.+todosth.（形式主语结构，本句为一般过去时）

②fightthefires（灭火）

③becauseof（因为，后接名词/短语，与because”因为，后接句子”区分）例句：We

stayedathomebecauseoftheheavyrain./Westayedathomebecauseitrainedheavily.

13.IgottoschooloutofbreathbecauseIranalltheway.

①outofbreath（气喘吁吁，固定短语，作状语）

例句：Herantotheclassroomandwasoutofbreath.

②gettosp.（到达某地，二arriveat/insp./reachsp.）

③al1theway（一路上：自始至终）

14.Makesurethatallthedoorsarelockedbeforeyouleave.

①makesure（确保；务必，后接that从句/不定式todo）

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拓展：makesuretodosth.（务必做某事）

例句：Makesuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.

②被动语态：arelocked（被锁，一般现在时被动语态：be+过去分词）

15.Theteacheradvisedustopayattentiontotheweatherreporteveryday.

①advisesb.todosth.（建议某人做某事,区别于suggestdoing）

例句：Mydoctoradvisedmetoexercisemore.

②payattentionto（注意；关注，to是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词）

例句：Pleasepayattentiontoyourspelling.

③weatherreport天气预报

reportn.&v.汇报；报道reportern.记者；报道者

16.It,simportanttostaycalmwhenanaturaldisasterhappens.

①It's+adj.+todosth.（形式主语it,真正主语为不定式，避免句子头重脚轻）

例句：It'seasytolearnEnglishwellifyoupracticehard.

②staycalm（保持冷静，stay为系动词，后接形容词）

③naturaldisaster（自然灾害，固定搭配）

17.Assoonasweheardthealarm,weranforsafetyrightaway.

®assoonas（一……就……,引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现/主过从过"原则）

例句：Assoonashearrives,Iwilltellhimthenews.

②runforsafety（跑去安全的地方，for表目的）

18.Thewindwastoostrongformetousemyumbrella!

too+adj./adv.+forsb.+todosth.（太...而不能做某事,否定含义）

拓展：adj./adv.+enough+todosth.（足够...能做某事，肯定含义）

例句：Theboxistooheavyformetocarry./Theboxislightenoughformetocarry.

19.BythetimeTgotup,mysisterhadalreadylefthome.

①过去完成时：

结构：had+过去分词；

用法：表示“过去的过去”发生的动作（先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过

去时）

②bythetime+一般过去时从句，主句用过去完成时

例句：Bythetimewegottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.

20.Thepowerwentout.MyfatherandImadedinner.

①powern.电力供应；能量；力量

fpowerfuladj.强大的；有力的

fpowerfullyadv.强大地；有力地

②goout（火或灯光）熄灭

21.Isleptsoundly.Itrainedcatsanddogs.

①soundlyadv.（睡觉）酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地

fsoundadj.健康的；可靠的；v.听起来；发出声音

②raincatsanddogs下倾盆大雨

类似表达还有：

It'srainingheavily/It'spouringdown

[GrammarFocus]一般过去时

语法概述：

过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。其基本结构为“was/were+

动词-ing”。

一、基本结构

L主语+was/were+动词现在分词（doing）

第一人