2026年湖南中考(英语)真题试卷带答案

-2026年湖南中考(英语)真题试卷带答案PartIMultipleChoice(40points)（1）______isyourfather?Heisadoctor.（）AWhoBWhatCWhereDHow答案：B解析：考查特殊疑问词。根据答语"Heisadoctor"（他是一名医生）可知，问句询问的是职业。询问职业通常用"Whatdoes/do+主语+do?"或"Whatis/are+主语?"。Who问人，Where问地点，How问方式或身体状况。故选B。（2）Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?No,thanks.I______drinkcoffee.Coffeeisbadformystomach.（）AalmostBalreadyChardlyDstill答案：C解析：考查副词辨析。almost几乎；already已经；hardly几乎不；still仍然。根据答语中的“No,thanks”和“Coffeeisbadformystomach”可知，说话人几乎不喝咖啡。故选C。（3）______isyourfather?Heisadoctor.（）AWhatBWhoCWhereDHow答案：A解析：询问职业通常使用'What'。'Who'询问身份或姓名，'Where'询问地点，'How'询问方式或状况。根据答语'Heisadoctor'（他是一名医生），可知问句是在询问职业，故选A。（4）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhereDWhen答案：B解析：考查特殊疑问词。根据答语"Bybus"（乘公交车）可知，问句询问的是交通方式，故用How提问。What问什么，Where问地点，When问时间，均不符合语境。（5）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AHowBWhatCWhenDWhere答案：A解析：根据答语'Bybus'（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。How意为“如何”，用于提问方式；What意为“什么”；When意为“什么时候”；Where意为“哪里”。故选A。（6）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhereDWhen答案：B解析：根据答语"Bybus"（乘公交车）可知，问句询问的是交通方式。How用于询问方式或手段，符合语境。What询问事物，Where询问地点，When询问时间，均不符合题意。（7）Couldyoupleasetellme______?Sure.It'sonCenterStreet.（）AwhereisthebankBwherethebankisChowcanIgettothebankDhowIcangettothebank答案：B解析：本题考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句应使用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语”，排除选项A和C。根据答语"It'sonCenterStreet"（它在中心街上）可知，问句询问的是地点，因此使用where引导，排除选项D。故选B。（8）Couldyoupleasetellme______thenearestpostofficeis?Sure.It'sjustaroundthecorner.（）AwhereBwhatCwhichDhow答案：A解析：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语'It'sjustaroundthecorner'（就在拐角处），可知问句是在询问地点。where意为“在哪里”，符合语境。what询问事物，which询问哪一个，how询问方式或程度，均不符合题意。故选A。（9）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhenDWhere答案：B解析：根据答语"Bybus"（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。How意为“如何”，用于提问方式；What意为“什么”；When意为“什么时候”；Where意为“哪里”。故选B。（10）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhenDWhere答案：B解析：根据答语"Bybus"（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。How意为“如何”，用于询问方式；What意为“什么”；When意为“什么时候”；Where意为“哪里”。故选B。（11）Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?No,thanks.I______drinkcoffee.Itkeepsmeawakeatnight.（）AalwaysBoftenCseldomDusually答案：C解析：根据答语后半句'Itkeepsmeawakeatnight'（它让我晚上睡不着）可知，说话人很少喝咖啡。always总是；often经常；seldom很少；usually通常。故选C。（12）Couldyoupleasetellme______?Sure.It'snexttothepostoffice.（）AwhereisthebankBwherethebankisChowcanIgettothebankDhowIcangettothebank答案：B解析：本题考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语”，排除A和C。根据答语"It'snexttothepostoffice"（它在邮局旁边），可知问句询问的是地点，应用where引导，故选B。（13）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AHowBWhatCWhereDWhen答案：A解析：根据答语"Bybus"（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。How用于询问方式或手段，符合语境。What询问事物，Where询问地点，When询问时间，均不符合题意。（14）I'msorryIbrokeyourglass.______.Itdoesn'tmatter.（）AYou'rewelcomeBNevermindCThat'srightDGoodidea答案：B解析：本题考查情景交际。当别人道歉时，常用的回答有"Nevermind"（没关系）、"Itdoesn'tmatter"（不要紧）等。You'rewelcome用于回答感谢；That'sright表示赞同观点；Goodidea表示赞成建议。结合后文"Itdoesn'tmatter"可知选B。（15）I'msorryIbrokeyourcoffeecup.______.Ihaveanotherone.（）AYou'rewelcomeBNevermindCThat'srightDWithpleasure答案：B解析：本题考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，我打破了你的咖啡杯。——没关系，我还有一个。A项“不客气”，用于回答感谢；B项“没关系/不要紧”，用于回答道歉；C项“那是对的”；D项“乐意效劳”，用于回答请求。根据语境，对方道歉，应表示谅解，故选B。（16）Couldyoupleasetellme______thenearestpostofficeis?Sure.It'sjustacrossfromthebank.（）AwhereBwhatChowDwhen答案：A解析：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语"It'sjustacrossfromthebank"（它就在银行对面）可知，问句询问的是地点。where意为“在哪里”，符合语境。what意为“什么”，how意为“如何”，when意为“何时”，均不符合题意。故选A。（17）Couldyoupleasetellme______thenearestpostofficeis?Sure.It'sjustacrossfromthebank.（）AwhereBwhatCwhenDhow答案：A解析：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语"It'sjustacrossfromthebank"（就在银行对面）可知，问句询问的是地点。where意为“在哪里”，符合语境。what询问事物，when询问时间，how询问方式或程度，均不符合题意。故选A。（18）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhenDWhere答案：B解析：根据答语'Bybus'（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。对交通方式提问通常使用疑问词How。What询问事物，When询问时间，Where询问地点，均不符合语境。（19）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AHowBWhatCWhenDWhere答案：A解析：根据答语'Bybus'（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。How用于询问方式或手段，符合语境。What询问事物，When询问时间，Where询问地点，均不符合题意。（20）Mysisterisgoodatplaying______piano,butshedoesn'tlikeplaying______football.（）Athe;theB/;/Cthe;/D/;the答案：C解析：本题考查冠词的用法。在英语中，演奏乐器前通常要加定冠词the，如playthepiano；而在进行球类运动前通常不加冠词，如playfootball。因此，第一空填the，第二空不填。正确答案为C。PartIIGap-filling(11points)（1）TheweatherinBeijingismuch______(cold)thanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.答案：colder解析：本题考查形容词的比较级。句中有标志词'than'，说明此处需要使用形容词cold的比较级形式。cold是单音节词，其比较级直接在词尾加-er，即colder。much用来修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。故填colder。（2）TheweatherinBeijingismuch______(cold)thanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.答案：colder解析：本题考查形容词的比较级。句中有标志词than，表示两者之间的比较，因此需要用形容词cold的比较级形式colder。much用来修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。故填colder。（3）It'simportanttokeepourclassroomclean.Pleasedon'tthrowwastepaperonthefloor.Instead,youshouldputitintothedustbin.Ifeveryonefollowsthisrule,ourschoolwillbecomemuch1______(beautiful).Let'sworktogethertomakeourenvironmentbetter.答案：morebeautiful解析：本题考查形容词比较级。句中'much'修饰比较级，且隐含了与之前状态的对比（如果大家都遵守规则，学校会变得比以前更漂亮）。beautiful是多音节形容词，其比较级形式是在前面加more。故填morebeautiful。（4）根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。1.Theweatherisveryc______today.You'dbetterwearacoat.2.Myfatherisad______.Heworksinahospitalandhelpssickpeople.答案：cold,doctor解析：1.根据后句'You'dbetterwearacoat'（你最好穿件外套）可知天气很冷，故填cold。2.根据后句'Heworksinahospitalandhelpssickpeople'（他在医院工作并帮助病人）可知父亲是一名医生，故填doctor。（5）Myfatherenjoys______(listen)tomusicafterdinnerbecauseithelpshimrelax.答案：listening解析：考查非谓语动词。enjoydoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”。listen的动名词形式为listening。故填listening。（6）Therearemany______(tomato)inthebasket.答案：tomatoes解析：many修饰可数名词复数。tomato是以o结尾的可数名词，其复数形式通常加-es。故填tomatoes。（7）Itisimportantforustolearnhowtoprotect______(we)whenwearealoneathome.答案：ourselves解析：考查反身代词。句意：当我们独自在家时，学会如何保护我们自己是很重要的。protectoneself意为“保护自己”，主语是us（隐含在forus中，或者理解为泛指我们），对应的反身代词是ourselves。（8）Myfather______(teach)Englishinthisschoolfortwentyyears.答案：hastaught解析：根据时间状语'fortwentyyears'（二十年），表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并对现在有影响，应使用现在完成时。主语Myfather是第三人称单数，故填hastaught。（9）Thestoryissoi____thatallthechildrenwanttolistentoitagain.答案：interesting解析：本题考查形容词辨析及首字母填空。句型'so...that...'表示“如此……以至于……”。根据后半句“所有孩子都想再听一遍”，说明故事很“有趣”。修饰物（story）通常用-ing结尾的形容词，结合首字母i，填interesting。（10）ShehaslivedinBeijingfortenyears,sosheknowsthecityverywell.(改为否定句)She________inBeijingfortenyears,soshedoesn'tknowthecityverywell.答案：hasn'tlived解析：本题考查现在完成时的否定形式。原句是现在完成时（haslived），变否定句需在助动词has后加not，缩写为hasn't，过去分词lived保持不变。注意题目有两个空，所以填hasn'tlived。（11）TheGreatWallisoneofthemostfamous______(place)ofinterestinChina.答案：places解析：oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……的……之一”。place是可数名词，此处应用复数形式places。PartIIICloze(25points)（1）Itwasasunnyday.LittleTomwenttotheparkwithhisdog,Lucky.Theywereveryhappy.Suddenly,Luckysawacatandranafterit.Tomcalled,"Lucky,comeback!"ButLuckydidn'tlisten.Tomranafterthem,too.Finally,Luckycaughtthecat?No,thecatclimbedupatree.Luckysatunderthetreeandlookedup.Tomwastiredbuthelaughed.HethoughtLuckywasvery1______.Then,anoldmancameandhelpedthecatgetdownfromthetree.Thecatranawayquickly.Luckyfeltalittlesad.TomhuggedLuckyandsaid,"Don'tworry,youarestillmybestfriend."Luckywaggeditstailandbecame2______again.Ontheirwayhome,theyboughtsomeicecream.Itwasa3______dayforbothofthem.1.A.braveB.funnyC.smartD.lazy2.A.angryB.happyC.boredD.tired3.A.badB.terribleC.wonderfulD.busy答案：1.B2.B3.C解析：1.根据上文狗追猫没追上，猫爬树了，狗在树下看，汤姆笑了，觉得狗很“滑稽/有趣”，故选funny。2.根据下文狗摇尾巴，说明它又变得“开心”了，故选happy。3.根据全文语境，虽然有小插曲，但最后买了冰淇淋，对它们来说是“美好的”一天，故选wonderful。（2）Tomisamiddleschoolstudent.Helovesreadingbooks.Lastmonth,he1______abookaboutspace.Hewasveryinterestedinit.Hereaditeverynightbeforegoingtobed.Oneday,histeacheraskedthestudentstowriteareportabouttheirfavoritebook.Tomchosethisspacebook.Hespenttwodays2______thereport.Hewroteabouttheplanetsandstars.Histeacherpraisedhimforhishardwork.Tomfeltveryproud.Herealizedthatreadingcanbringhimnotonlyknowledgebutalso3______.Now,hereadsmorebooksthanbefore.Hewantstobecomeawriterinthefuture.答案：1.borrowed2.writing3.happiness解析：1.考查动词。根据语境，Tom得到了一本关于太空的书。borrow（借入）或bought（购买）均可，但borrow在校园语境中更常见。此处填borrowed。2.考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth.是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。write的动形式为writing。3.考查名词。notonly...butalso...连接并列成分。knowledge是名词，故此处也需填名词。根据上文"feltveryproud"和"lovesreading"，可知阅读带来快乐。happiness意为“快乐”。（3）Tomisamiddleschoolstudent.Helikesreadingbooksverymuch.Everyweekend,hegoestothecitylibrary.LastSaturday,heborrowedabookaboutscience.Hefounditvery1______.Hereaditallafternoon.Whenhefinishedthebook,hefeltvery2______.Hedecidedtowriteareportaboutitforhisscienceclass.Histeacherpraisedhimbecausethereportwaswell-written.Tomfeltproudof3______.答案：1.interesting2.excited3.himself解析：1.根据后文他读了一下午以及老师表扬报告写得好，说明书很有趣，故填interesting。2.读完一本好书并决定写报告，心情应该是兴奋的，故填excited。3.feelproudofoneself是固定搭配，意为“为某人自己感到自豪”。主语是Tom，故反身代词用himself。（4）Lastsummer,IwenttoBeijingwithmyparents.ItwasmyfirsttimetovisittheGreatWall.Whenwearrivedthere,IwassoexcitedthatIcouldn'twaittoclimbup.Thestepsweresteepandhigh,butIdidn'tgiveup.Myfatherencouragedme,"Keepgoing!Youcandoit!"Withhishelp,Ifinallyreachedthetop.Lookingdownfromthetop,Ifeltlikeabirdflyinginthesky.Theviewwasamazing.Itookmanyphotostorememberthis1______moment.AlthoughIwastired,Ifeltveryhappy.Thistriptaughtmethatnothingisimpossibleifyouputyourheartintoit.Iwillneverforgetthis2______experience.Nextyear,IplantovisitShanghai.Ihearitisamoderncitywithmanytallbuildings.Iamlookingforwardto3______it.答案：1.unforgettable2.meaningful3.visiting解析：1.考查形容词。根据上下文，作者登顶长城感到兴奋且景色迷人，这是一个“难忘的”时刻，故填unforgettable。2.考查形容词。这次旅行让作者明白了坚持的道理，是一次“有意义的”经历，故填meaningful。3.考查非谓语动词。lookforwardto中的to是介词，后接动名词形式，故填visiting。（5）Tomisamiddleschoolstudentwholovesscience.Heoftendoesexperimentsathome.Oneday,hewantedtomakeavolcanomodelerupt.Hemixedbakingsodaandvinegarinabottle.Assoonashepouredthevinegarin,bubblescameoutrapidly.Tomwasveryexcited.However,heforgottowearhissafetyglasses.Someliquidsplashedintohiseyes.Hefeltpainimmediately.Hismotherrushedtohelphimwashhiseyeswithwater.Afterthat,theywenttothehospital.ThedoctorsaidTomwasluckybecausetheinjurywasnotserious.Fromthenon,Tomalwaysfollowssafetyruleswhendoingexperiments.Heknowsthatsafetycomes1______.Scienceisfun,butwemustbecareful.Everyexperimentrequiresproperpreparation.Weshouldneverignorethepotentialdangers.Onlybybeingcautiouscanweenjoytheprocessofdiscovery.Tom'sstoryteachesusavaluablelessonabout2______.答案：1.first2.safety解析：1.根据后文"Scienceisfun,butwemustbecareful"以及事故教训，可知安全是第一位的，固定表达safetycomesfirst，故填first。2.文章主要讲述汤姆因忽视安全规则而受伤的故事，旨在教导关于“安全”的重要一课，故填safety。PartIVWriting(20points)（1）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信询问你如何度过周末。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.你通常周末做什么（至少两点）；2.你最喜欢的周末活动及原因；3.邀请他有机会来中国体验你的周末生活。注意：1.词数80~120词；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter,I'mgladtoreceiveyourletter.Youaskedmeaboutmyweekends.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案：（略）解析：【写作思路】1.审题：体裁为电子邮件；人称主要为第一人称；时态主要为一般现在时。2.要点覆盖：-通常周末做什么：做作业、打篮球等。-最喜欢的活动及原因：读书，因为开阔视野、丰富知识。-邀请：邀请Peter来中国体验。3.亮点词汇/句型：-fulfilling(充实的),review(复习),enrich(丰富),responsible(有责任感的).-...whichhelpsme...(定语从句)-Ihopeyoucan.../I'dloveto...(表达愿望和邀请)4.结构：分段清晰，逻辑连贯，符合书信格式。（2）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信询问你学校的课外活动情况。请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信。提示：1.学校有很多俱乐部，如篮球俱乐部、音乐俱乐部、英语角等；2.你参加了英语角，每周二下午活动；3.你在活动中提高了英语口语，也交到了新朋友；4.邀请Peter有机会来参观。要求：1.包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥；2.词数80~100词左右；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter,I'mgladtohearfromyou.Youaskedmeabouttheafter-schoolactivitiesinmyschool.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案：（略）解析：本篇作文属于书信类应用文。写作时需注意以下几点：1.时态：介绍学校现有俱乐部和常规活动用一般现在时；讲述自己参加活动的经历和收获可用一般过去时或现在完成时，也可用一般现在时描述常态。2.内容要点：需涵盖提示中的四个要点：俱乐部种类、参加的具体活动及时间、收获（口语提高、交友）、发出邀请。3.语言表达：使用连接词（suchas,besides,also）使文章连贯；使用高级句型（Ithelpsme...,Welcometo...）提升档次。4.格式：注意书信的称呼和落款格式。PartVReadingComprehension(24points)Passage1Doyouknowwhata'greenschool'is?Agreenschoolisnotjustaschoolwithmanytreesandflowers.Itisaschoolthatcaresabouttheenvironment.Inagreenschool,studentsandteachersworktogethertosaveenergyandreducewaste.First,savingelectricityisimportant.Studentsareencouragedtoturnofflightswhentheyleavetheclassroom.Computersandotherelectronicdevicesshouldbeturnedoffwhennotinuse.Second,reducingpaperwasteisanotherkeypoint.Studentstrytousebothsidesofthepaper.Theyalsorecycleoldnewspapersandmagazines.Third,waterconservationisnecessary.Studentsfixleakingtapsimmediatelyandtakeshortershowers.Besidestheseactions,greenschoolsoftenhavegardenswherestudentsgrowvegetablesandflowers.Thishelpsstudentslearnaboutnatureandhealthyeating.Manygreenschoolsalsoorganizeactivitieslike'NoCarDay'toencouragewalkingorcyclingtoschool.Beingpartofagreenschoolmakesstudentsfeelproud.Theylearnthatsmallactionscanmakeabigdifferencetoourplanet.Ifeveryschoolbecomesagreenschool,ourworldwillbecleanerandhealthier.（1-1）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（）AHowtoplanttreesinschools.BThedefinitionandpracticesofagreenschool.CThehistoryofenvironmentalprotection.DWhystudentslikegoingtoschool.（1-2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawaytosaveenergyorresourcesinthepassage?（）ATurningofflights.BUsingbothsidesofpaper.CPlantingmoretreesintheforest.DFixingleakingtaps.（1-3）Whydogreenschoolshavegardens?（）ATosellvegetablestomakemoney.BTodecoratetheschoolonly.CTohelpstudentslearnaboutnatureandhealthyeating.DToprovidefoodforteachers.（1-4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?（）AGreenschoolsaretooexpensivetobuild.BStudentsdon'tcareabouttheenvironment.CSmallactionsbystudentscanpositivelyimpacttheworld.DOnlygreenschoolscansavetheplanet.答案：1-1.B1-2.C1-3.C1-4.C解析：1.主旨大意题。文章第一段引出绿色学校的概念，中间段落介绍具体做法，最后一段总结意义。故主要讲的是绿色学校的定义和实践，选B。2.细节理解题。文中提到了关灯（A）、双面用纸（B）、修水龙头（D），但未提到在森林里种树（C），故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第三段'Thishelpsstudentslearnaboutnatureandhealthyeating.'可知选C。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段'Theylearnthatsmallactionscanmakeabigdifferencetoourplanet.'可知学生的微小行动能对世界产生积极影响，故选C。Passage2TheInternethaschangedourlivesinmanyways.Itmakescommunicationeasierandfaster.Wecansendemailsorchatwithfriendsinstantly,nomatterwheretheyare.Also,theInternetprovidesuswithahugeamountofinformation.Wecansearchforanythingwewanttoknowwithinseconds.However,everycoinhastwosides.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecanbeharmfultooureyesandhealth.Somestudentsevengetaddictedtoonlinegames,whichaffectstheirstudies.Therefore,weshouldusetheInternetwisely.Weneedtocontrolthetimewespendonlineandchooseusefulinformation.Let'smaketheInternetahelpfultoolratherthanamaster.（2-1）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（）ATheInternetisonlygoodforcommunication.BTheInternethasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.CStudentsshouldnotusetheInternetatall.DOnlinegamesarethebestwaytorelax.（2-2）Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageoftheInternet?（）AIthelpsussavemoney.BItallowsustotravelfaster.CItprovidesquickaccesstoinformation.DItreplacesteachersinschools.（2-3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase'everycoinhastwosides'mean?（）ACoinsarevaluable.BEverythinghasprosandcons.CWeshouldcollectcoins.DTheInternetisexpensive.（2-4）Whydosomestudentsfailintheirstudiesaccordingtothetext?（）ABecausetheydon'tl