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八年级英语下册

Unit7知识点

[Usefulexpressions]

1.agoodread一本好书;值得一读的书

2.asciencefiction一本科幻小说

3.hearof听说

4.intheend最后;终于

5.getlost迷路;迷失

6.amagicalworld一个魔法世界

7.too...to...太...而不能....

8.growup长大;成长

9.learn...from...从...学习....

10.decideon决定;选定

11.borrow...from...从.....借…

12.aclassicnovel一部经典小说

13.atthestartof在..开始时

14.beginwith以...开始

15.inthepast在过去

16.sofar到目前为止

17.Chinese1iteraryclassics中国文学经典

18.baseon以...为基础;基于

19.passaway去世;逝世

20.hearabout听说;得知

21.belongto属于

22.apainfulmemory一段痛苦的回忆

23.lockup锁上;把……关起来

24.takecareof照顾;照料

25.inabadstate状况糟糕

26.worktogether合作;一起工作

27.haveanillness生病;患病

28.overtime随着时间的推移;久而久之

29.begoodfor对...有益

30.gettoone'sfeet站起来;起身

31.daybyday一天天;逐渐地

32.toone*ssurprise令某人惊讶的是

33.workhard努力工作;努力学习

34.inbadcondition状况不好;状态糟糕

35.intime及时;迟早

36.achieveone*sgoal实现某人的目标

37.basicinformation基本信息

38.maincharacter主角;主要人物

39.onone*swayback在某人回来的路上

40.giveup放弃

41.doubtonpsplf怀疑自己

42.eventhough即使;虽然

43.bemadefor为...而造;适合....

1

44.betiredof厌倦;厌烦

45.searchfor寻找;搜寻

46.coverup掩盖;掩饰

[Targetsentences]

1.Haveyoudecidedonabookforyourreport,Peter?

2.It'samysterywiththefamousdetectiveSherlockHolmesasitsmaincharacter.

3.InTheThree-BodyProblem,aliensareplanningtoattacktheearth.

4.Ayoungboyisforcedtostealthings.Tntheend,thebadpeoplearepunished,and

theboyhasabetterlife.

5.Whathaveyoureadrecently,FuXing?

---1*vejustfinishedAlice'sAdventuresinWonderlandbyLewisCarroll.

6.It'safantasyclassicaboutagirlwhogetslostinamagicalworld.

7.rvealwayspreferredthebooktothemovie.

8.Thensherealizesshe'sforgottenaboutthekeyonthetable,butshe'sgrowntoo

smalltoreachit.

9.rvejustfinishedreadingit.It'ssuchasimplestory,butyoucanlearnalotfrom

it!

10.I'vereadJourneytotheWestandI'vejustchosenitformybookreport.It's

aclassic.

11.Itdescribesatimelongagowhenthreekingdomsfoughtoneanotherforover100

years.

12.Tnthisstory,MaryLennox,aspoiledandselfish10-year-oldgirlgoestolive

withheruncle,MrCraven,afterherparentspassaway.

13.Maryspendsalotoftimealoneandbored.

14.Atnightsheoftenhearscryingcomingfromsomewhere.

15.Itbelongedtoheruncle,swife.

16.Noonehasseenitfortenyears.

17.Whenitunlocksahalf-hiddendoor,shediscoversthesecretgardeninside!

18.Unfortunately,nobodyhastakencareoftheplants,andtherefore,muchofitis

inabadstate.

19.Thefreshairandbeautifulgardenaregoodforhim,andheprovesthatheisnot

illwhenhegetstohisfeetforthefirsttimeinyears.

20.Tohisgreatsurprise,heseesColinwalkingandrunning,andhediscoversthat

thesecretgardenhasbecomeasaliveandbeautifulasiteverwas.

21.ThegardenremindsMary'suncleofhisdeadwife.

22.Colinhaslivedalonesincehismother,sdeath.

23.ManypeopleconsiderjourneytotheWesttobeoneofthegreatestChineseclassic

novelsofalltime.

24.Together,theyachievetheirfinalgoalandprovethemselvestobeagoodteam.

25.I'minspiredbyhowhardthefishermanfighLS,eventhoughhelosesthefishin

theend.

26.AsHemingwaysaid〃Manisnotmadefordefeat.Amancanbedestroyedbutnot

defeated.

[Languagepoints]

1.Haveyoudecidedonabookforyourreport,Peter?

①decideonsth.选定:决定(后接名词/代词)

拓展搭配:

decidetodosth.决定做某事decideagainstdoingsth.决定不做某事

2

例句:Shedecidedonthebluedressfortheparty.

②现在完成时一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词...?

用法:询问过去动作对现在的影响/结果,常与yet/just/recently等连用

结构:Have/Has+主语+done+其他?

例句:Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?

③foryourreport介词短语表目的

用法:for此处表示“为了、给”,表用途/目的

例句:IneedanotebookformyEnglishclass.

2.It'samysterywiththefamousdetectiveSherlockHolmesasitsmaincharacter.

①with+n.+as+n.介词短语作后置定语

结构:with豆合结构的一种,表“以……作为……”

拓展:with复合结构还可叁adj./doing/done作宾补,

如:withthewindowopen(窗户开着)

例句:Thestoryendswiththeheroastheking.

②mystery/'mistri/n.神秘;谜;推理小说(可数名词)

拓展:mysteriousadj.神秘的

例句:Thisnovelisamysteryaboutamissinggirl.

③detective/di1tcktIv/n.侦探;adj.侦探的

搭配:detectivestory/novel侦探小说

例句:Heworksasaprivatedetective.

④maincharacter主角;主要人物

同义替换:leadingcharacter/protagonist

例句:Themaincharacterinthemovieisabraveteenager.

3.TnTheThreeBodyProblem,aliensareplanningtoattacktheearth.

©planv.计划、打算

plantodosth.计划做某事例句:Theyplantobuildanewlibrary.

planforsth.为...做计划(后接名词)例句:Youneedtoplanforthefuture.

plan+n.计划(某事)例句:Let'splanapartyforherbirthday.

拓展:plann.计划,搭配makeaplan制定计划

②attack/81t^k/v.&n.攻击;袭击

用法:attacksb./sth.攻击某人/某物

例句:Thewolfattackedthefarmer*ssheep.

4.Ayoungboyisforcedtostealthings.Intheend,thebadpeoplearepunished,and

theboyhasabetterlife.

①beforcedtodosth.被迫做某事(被动语态)

结构:主动形式forcesb.todosth.的被动式,意为“某人被迫做某事”

例句:Hewasforcedtoleavehishometownbythewar.

②Intheend最后;终于辨析:

短语用法例句

attheendof后接时间/地点名Attheendoftheroad,thereisashop.

词,“在……末尾/尽头”

intheend表结果,后不接of,同义Intheend,wewonthegame.

finally/atlast

bytheendof后接时间名词,”到……Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned

为止”(常与完成时连1000words.

用)

3

③arepunished一般现在时被动语态(am/is/are+过去分词)

用法:表示“被惩罚”,被动语态结构:主语+be+过去分词+(bysb.)

拓展:punishv.惩罚,名词形式punishment

例句:Thethiefwaspunishedbythepolice.

5.Whathaveyoureadrecently,FuXing?

rvejustfinishedAlice,sAdventuresinWonderlandbyLewisCarroll.

①recently/'ri:sntli/adv.最近;近来(现在完成时标志词)

用法:常与现在完成时连用,位于句末/句中

例句:Haveyouseenhimrecently?

②现在完成时:havejust+过去分词

用法:just(刚刚)是现在完成时高频标志词,位于havc/has和过去分词之间

例句:I'vejusteatenlunch.

③finishdoingsth.完成做某事(非谓语动词考点:后接动名词作宾语)

用法:finish后只能接doing作宾语,不能接todo;类似动词还有enjoy/practice/mind/keep

例句:Hefinishedreadingthebookyesterday.

@by+作者介词短语表“由……创作”

例句:HarryPotteriswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling.

6.It'safantasyclassicaboutagirlwhogetslostinamagicalworld.

①fantasy/*fsent9si/n.幻想作品;幻想

搭配:fantasynovel/story奇幻小说/故事

拓展:fantasticadj.极好的;奇妙的

例句:Themovieisafantasyaboutdragons.

②who引导的定语从句,修饰人。

结构:先行词(人)+Who+谓语+其他,who在从句中作主语/宾语(作宾语时可省略)

例句:Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother.

③getlost迷路;走失(固定短语)

同义替换:loseone*sway

例句:Thelittlegirlgotlostintheforest.

④magical/'m^dsikl/adj.有魔力的;神奇的

拓展:magicn.魔法;magiciann.魔术师

例句:Themagicalringcanmakepeoplerich.

7.I*vealwayspreferredthebooktothemovie.

①preferAtoB比起B更喜欢A

用法:prefer的三种核心搭配:

preferAtoB比起B更喜欢A(A、B为名词/代词)

preferdoingAtodoingB比起做B更喜欢做A(to为介词,后接动名词)

prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

例句:Ipreferteatocoffee./Sheprefersstayingathometogoingout.

拓展:prefer过去式/过去分词为preferred

②现在完成时:havealwayspreferred

用法:always与现在完成时连用,强调“从过去到现在一直持续的状态”

例句:rvealwayslovedpainting.

8.Thensherealizesshe1sforgottenaboutthekeyonthetable,butshe*sgrowntoo

smalltoreachit.

①forgptaboutsth.忘记某事/某物(fergat用法辨析)

forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(事情未做)

forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(事情已做,忘了)

4

forgetaboutsth.忘记某事/某物

例句:Donftforgetaboutthemeetingtomorrow./Iforgottolockthedoor.

②too+adj./adv.+todosth.太...而不能....

结构:表示否定含义,同义转换:so...that...can't...或not...enoughtodosth.

例句:Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.=Theboxissoheavythat1can*tcarry

it.=Iamnotstrongenoughtocarrythebox.

③reach/ri:tj/v.到达;够得到;伸出手

用法:

reach+地点名词到达某地(及物动词,直接加宾语,同义arrivein/at,getto)

reachsth.够得到某物

例句:Canyoureachthebookonthetopshelf?/WereachedBeijingat8p.m.

9.rvejustfinishedreadingit.It'ssuchasimplestory,butyoucanlearnalotfrom

it!

①sucha/an+adj.+单数可数名词(such/so辨析考点)

结构:

sucha/an+adj.+单数可数名词

such+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词

so+adj./adv.或so+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词(=sucha/an+adj.+单数可数名词)

例句:It'ssuchabeautifulday.=It*ssobeautifuladay.

②learnalotfromsb./sth.从某人/某物中学到很多

拓展:learnfrom向...学习;从....中吸取教训

例句:Wecanlearnalotfromourmistakes.

10.I’vereadJourneytotheWestandI'vejustchosenitformybookreport.It's

aclassic.

①现在完成时:haveread

用法:read的原形/过去式/过去分词均为read,读音不同:/ri:d/(原形)/red/(过去式

/分词)

例句:Ihavereadthisbooktwice.

②choosesth.for...为...选择某物(不规则动词choose:choose-chose-chosen)

搭配:choosetodosth.选择做某事;choosesb.as...选某人当...

例句:Shechoseareddressfortheparty.

③classic/'kl«slk/n.经典作品;adj.经典的

拓展:classicaladj.古典的(如classicalmusic古典音乐)

例句:JourneytotheWestisaChineseclassic.

11.Itdescribesatimelongagowhenthreekingdomsfoughtoneanotherforover100

years.

①describe/di1skralb/v.描述;形容

搭配:describesth.tosb.向某人描述某物;describe...as...把...描述为....

拓展:descriptionn.描述

例句:Canyoudescribethethieftothepolice?

②when引导的定语从句(修饰时间名词)

结构:先行词(时间名词)+when+,when在从句中作时间状语

例句:Irememberthedaywhenwefirstmet.

③fightoneanother互相争斗;彼此作战(fight用法)

用法:fight过去式/分词为fought;搭配fightwithsb.和某人打架;fightagainst与...

作斗争

拓展:oneanother=eachother互相(现代英语中可通用,eachother常用于两者,one

another常用于三者及以上)

5

例句:Thetwoboysfoughteachotheroveratoy.

④for+时间段表动作持续时间(现在完成时时间状语考点)

例句:Ihavelivedherefor5years.

12.Inthisstory,MaryLennox,aspoiledandselfishlOyearoldgirlgoestolivewith

heruncle,MrCraven,afterherparentspassaway.

①spoiled/spoild/adj.被宠坏的(spoil的过去分词/形容词)

拓展:spoilV.宠坏;溺爱;破坏(兴致)

例句:Thespoiledchildgetseverythinghewants.

②s②fish/%elflJ7adj.自私的(后缀ish表”...的”,如foolish傻的)

拓展:selflessadj.无私的

例句:It'sselfishofhimnottohelpothers.

③复合形容词:10-year-old(数词名词(单数)形容词,作前置定语)

用法:复合形容词中名词必须用单数,如a5minutewalk(5分钟的步行);辨析:lOyearold

(形容词,作定语)vs10yearsold(短语,作表语)

例句:SheisalOyearoldgirl.=Thegirlis10yearsold.

④livewithsb.和某人一起生活/居住

例句:Heliveswithhisgrandparents.

⑤passaway去世;逝世(die的委婉表达)

例句:Hergrandfatherpassedawaylastyear.

13.Maryspendsalotoftimealoneandbored.

①spendtime(in)doingsth./spendtimeonsth.花费时间做某事

用法:spend主语必须是人,结构:

spendtime/moneyonsth.在某事上花费时间/金钱

spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间/金钱做某事(in可省略)

【拓展延伸】

单词主语结构

spend人spend...onsth./spend...(in)doingsth.

takeit(形式主语)Ittakessb.st.todosth.

cost物sth.costssb.sm.

pay人paysm.forsth./payforsth.

例句:Shespends2hoursreadingeveryday.

=Ittakesher2hourstoreadeveryday.

②alonevslonely;boredvsboring(形容词辨析考点)

alone:强调“独自一人”,无感情色彩,可作adj./adv.;

lonely:强调“孤独寂寞”,带感情色彩,adj.

bored:修饰人,“感到无聊的”;

boring:修饰物,“令人无聊的”

例句:Helivesalonebutdoesn*tfeellonely./Themovieisboring,soIfeelbored.

14.Atnightsheoftenhearscryingcomingfromsomewhere.

①hearsb./sth.doingsth.听见某人/某物正在做某事

结构:感官动词(hear/see/watch/notice等)+sb./sth.+doingsth.(动作正在进行);

+dosth.(动作全过程)

例句:Iheardagirlsinginginthenextroom.(正在唱)/Iheardagirlsingin

thenextroom.(唱完全过程)

6

拓展:hearfromsb.收到某人的来信;hearof/about听说

②somewhere/1sAmwee(r)/adv.在某处(不定副词考点)

用法:常用于肯定句,否定/疑问句用anywhere;形容词修饰不定副词时要后置,如somewhere

quiet(安静的地方)

例句:Ilostmykeyssomewhereinthehouse.

15.Itbelongedtoheruncle,swife.

belongtosb.属于某人;是某人的

用法:后接名词/代词宾格,不能接名词所有格;

例句:Thisbookbelongstome.(不能说isbelongedtome)

拓展:belongto还可表“是...的成员“,如:Hebelongstothefootballteam.

16.Noonehasseenitfortenyears.

①现在完成时:hasseen+fortenyears

用法:for+时间段与现在完成时连用,表动作从过去持续到现在;主语noone为单数,用

has

拓展:since+过去时间点/一般过去时也可与现在完成时连用,如:Ihavelivedheresince

2020.

例句:Ihavelivedherefor3years.

②noone没有人(不定代词考点)

辨析:noonevsnone

noone:只能指人,作主语时谓语单数,回答who的问句

none:可指人/物,常与of连用,作主语时谓语可单/复数,回答howmany/much的问句

例句:Nooneknowstheanswer./Noneofthestudentsarelate.

17.Whenitunlocksahalf-hiddendoor,shediscoversthesecretgardeninside!

①unlock/An1lok/v.开...的锁;解开(前缀un表相反,如unhappy/unfair)

反义词:lockv.锁

例句:Sheunlockedthedoorwithakey.

②half-hidden/ha:f1hIdn/adj.半隐藏的(复合形容词,half前缀表“半...的")

例句:ahalf-eatenapple吃了一半的苹果

③discover/di1skAv9(r)/v.发现;发觉

【拓展延伸】

discover:发现原本存在但未被人知的事物

invent:发明原本不存在的事物

find:找到(丢失的东西);偶然发现

例句:ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.

Edisoninventedthelightbulb.

拓展:discoveryn.发现

18.Unfortunately,nobodyhastakencareoftheplants,andtherefore,muchofitis

inabadstate.

①Unfortunately/An'fo:tj9n9tli/adv.不幸地(副词作状语修饰)

拓展:fortunateadj.幸运的;fortunatelyadv.幸运地

例句:Unfortunately,wemissedthelastbus.

②现在完成时:hastakencareof

用法:takecareof照顾;照料,同义lookafter/carefor;过去分词为taken

例句:Shehastakencareoftheoldmanfor5years.

③therefore/'deafo:(r)/adv.因此;所以(书面语,表因果)

用法:副词,不能直接连接两个,需用分号/and连接,或用逗号隔开

例句:Heisill;therefore,hecan'tcome.(二Heisill,sohecan,tcome.)

④inabadstate状态不好;状况糟糕(staten.状态)

7

反义:inagoodstate状态良好

例句:Theoldhouseisinabadstate.

19.Thefreshairandbeautifulgardenaregoodforhim,andheprovesthatheisnot

illwhenhegetstohisfeetforthefirsttimeinyears.

①begoodforsb./sth.对...有好处(good短语辨析)

【拓展延伸】

begoodat擅长;

begoodwith与...相处得好;

begoodto对...友好

例句:Doingexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.

②provethat...证明...(that引导宾语从句)

用法:provev.证明,后可接that从句/名词/形容词;搭配prove(tobe)+adj./n.证明

是...

例句:Heprovedthathewasright./Theplanprovedsuccessful.

③gettoone'sfeet站起来;站起身(固定短语)

同义:standup

例句:Hegottohisfeetwhentheteachercamein.

④forthefirsttimeinyears多年来第一次

拓展:forthefirsttime第一次;thefirsttime引导时间状语从句,如:Thefirsttime

Isawher,shewasreading.

例句:Imethimforthefirsttimeataparty.

20.Tohisgreatsurprise,heseesColinwalkingandrunning,andhediscoversthat

thesecretgardenhasbecomeasaliveandbeautifulasiteverwas.

①Toone,sgreatsurprise令某人非常惊讶的是(toone's+名词结构)

结构:toone's+名词(surprise/joy/sadness),表"令某人...的是”

例句:Tomysurprise,hepassedtheexam.

②seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事(感官动词用法,同14)

例句:Isawacatclimbingthetree.

③as+adj./adv.+as...像……一样……(原级比较,形容词/副词比较等级考点)

结构:as+原级+as,否定形式notas/so+原级+as

例句:Sheisastallashermother.

Hedoesn'trunasfastashisbrother.

拓展:as...asever像以往一样...,句中意为“像以往一样生机勃勃、美丽动人”

21.ThegardenremindsMary'suncleofhisdeadwife.

①remindsb.ofsb./sth.使某人想起某人/某物(remind搭配考点)

拓展:remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事;remindsb.that...提醒某人...

例句:Thissongremindsmeofmychildhood./Pleaseremindmetocallhimlater.

②dead/ded/adj.死的;去世的(die词性变化考点)

词性辨析:

diev.死亡(瞬间动词,过去式/分词died,现在分词dying,不能与时间段连用)

deadadj.死的(表状态,可与时间段连用)

deathn.死亡

dyingadj.垂死的

例句:Hisgrandfatherdied3yearsago.

Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadfor3years.

22.Colinhaslivedalonpsincehismothpr,sdeath.

①现在完成时:haslivedalone+since引导的时间状语

用法:since+过去时间点/名词/一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,表动作从过去持续到现

8

例句:Hehaslivedheresince2010./sincehewas10.

②death/de0/n.死亡;去世(同21词性变化)

例句:Weweresadabouthisdeath.

拓展:dieof死于内因(疾病);diefrom死于外因(事故)

23.ManypeopleconsiderJourneytotheWesttobeoneofthegreatestChineseclassic

novelsofalltime.

①considersb./sth.(tobe)+adj./n.认为某人/某物是...(consider搭配考点)

拓展:considerdoingsth.考虑做某事;considersb./sth.as...把...看作....(=

regard...as...)

例句:Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodstudent./HeisconsideringmovingtoBeijing.

②oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词最...之一(形容词最高级考点)

用法:oneof后接复数名词,形容词用最高级,作主语时谓语动词用单数

例句:SheisoneofthemostpopularsingersinChina.

③ofalltime有史以来;有史以来的(常与最高级连用)

例句:Thisisoneofthebestmoviesofalltime.

24.Together,theyachievetheirfinalgoalandprovethemselvestobeagoodteam.

①achieve/s'tji:v/v.实现:达到(目标);获得(成功)

搭配:achieveone'sgoal/dream实现目标/梦想;

achievesuccess获得成功

拓展:achievementn.成就

例句:Heachievedhisdreamofbecomingadoctor.

②proveoneself(tobe)+adj./n.证明自己是...(prove用法)

例句:Sheprovedherselftobeabraveleader.

25.I*minspiredbyhowaardthefishermanfighrs,eventhoughhelosesthefishin

theend.

①beinspiredbysb./sth.被某人/某物鼓舞(被动语态)

用法:inspirev.鼓舞;激励,搭配inspiresb.todosth.激励某人做某事

拓展:inspirationn.灵感;inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的

例句:Weareinspiredbyhisstory./Hisspeechinspiredustoworkharder.

②how引导的宾语从句(陈述语序考点)

结构:宾语从句必须用陈述语序,即引导词+主语+谓语,不能用疑问语序

例句:Idon'tknowhowhedidit.(不能说howdidhedoit)

③eventhough即使;虽然(引导让步状语从句,=evenif)

用法:不能与but连用(中文“虽然……但是……”,英文不能说though...but.)

例句:Eventhoughitrained,westillwenthiking.(不能加but)

④lose/lu:z/v.失去;输掉;丢失(过去式/分词lost)

搭配:losethegame输掉比赛;

loseheart灰心;

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