2026人教版九年级英语Unit12重点短语、句型及语法归纳与相关习题专练

2026人教版九年级英语Unit12重点短语、句型及语法归纳与相关习题专练同学们，当我们迈入九年级英语的学习，每一个单元都承载着巩固旧知、拓展新知的重要使命。Unit12作为本学期的关键单元之一，其涉及的短语、句型和语法点不仅是日常交流的常用工具，更是各类考试的重点考察内容。本文将为大家系统梳理本单元的核心知识，并辅以针对性的习题练习，希望能帮助大家扎实掌握，灵活运用。一、重点短语归纳短语是语言的砖瓦，积累并熟练运用短语，能让我们的表达更地道、更生动。以下是本单元需要重点掌握的短语：1.besupposedtodosth.应该做某事；被期望做某事*（例：Wearesupposedtoarriveontimeforthemeeting.）2.shakehands握手*（例：Peopleusuallyshakehandswhentheymeetforthefirsttimeinmanycountries.）3.forthefirsttime第一次*（例：IwasnervouswhenImetherparentsforthefirsttime.）4.dropby顺便拜访；偶然到访*（例：Feelfreetodropbymyhouseifyouhavetime.）5.afterall毕竟；终究*（例：Don'tbetoohardonhim.Afterall,he'sjustachild.）6.getmad大动肝火；气愤*（例：Shegotmadwhenshefoundoutherbrotherhadreadherdiary.）7.makeaneffort作出努力*（例：Youshouldmakeanefforttoimproveyourpronunciation.）8.clean...off把……擦掉*（例：Pleasecleanthedustoffthetablebeforedinner.）9.takeoff脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞*（例：It'swarminside.Youcantakeoffyourcoat.）10.beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事；应该做某事*（例：Studentsareexpectedtofollowtheschoolrules.）11.gooutofone'sway特地；格外努力*（例：Shewentoutofherwaytomakemefeelathome.）12.make...feelathome使（某人）感到宾至如归*（例：Thehostesswasverykindandmadeusfeelathome.）13.getusedto(doing)sth.习惯于（做）某事*（例：Ican'tgetusedtogettingupearlyonweekends.）14.cutup切碎*（例：Pleasecutupthevegetablesforthesalad.）二、核心句型解析掌握句型结构是进行有效沟通和书面表达的基础。本单元的核心句型如下：1.Whatareyousupposedtodowhenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime?*这是一个特殊疑问句，用于询问在特定情境下“应该做什么”。"besupposedto"是核心结构，表示“应该，被期望”。*（拓展：Whatarewesupposedtobringtotheparty?）2.You'resupposedtoshakehands.*这是对上述问句的回答，直接陈述应该做的事情。*（拓展：We'resupposedtofinishourhomeworkbeforedinner.）3.Iwassupposedtoarriveat7:00,butIarrivedat8:00.*此句运用了"besupposedto"的过去式"was/weresupposedto"，表示“过去应该做但实际未做”的事情，常带有遗憾或解释的意味。*（拓展：Hewassupposedtocallme,buthedidn't.）*"It's+adj.+todosth."是一个非常重要的句型，其中"it"是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语"todosth."。此句意为“让别人等是不礼貌的。”*（拓展：It'simportanttolearnEnglishwell.）5.Theygooutoftheirwaytomakemefeelathome.*"gooutofone'swaytodosth."结构表示“特地/想尽办法做某事”，用以表达某人的热情或努力。*（拓展：Myfriendswentoutoftheirwaytohelpmeduringmyillness.）6.Ifinditdifficulttoremembereverything.*此句中"it"作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语"toremembereverything"，"difficult"是宾语补足语。结构为"find+it+adj.+todosth."，意为“发现做某事是……的”。*（拓展：Shefounditeasytosolvetheproblem.）三、语法聚焦：过去完成时(PastPerfectTense)本单元我们将重点学习和运用过去完成时。1.构成：主语+had+动词的过去分词(V-ed)*肯定句：Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforehermothercameback.*否定句：Shehadn'tfinishedherhomeworkbeforehermothercameback.*一般疑问句：Hadshefinishedherhomeworkbeforehermothercameback?*特殊疑问句：Whathadshefinishedbeforehermothercameback?2.基本用法：*表示在过去某个动作或时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。它强调“过去的过去”。常与"bythetime...","before...","when..."等引导的时间状语从句连用。*（例：Ihadlearned500EnglishwordsbeforeIenteredmiddleschool.我上中学前已经学了500个英语单词。）3.时间状语：*常用的时间状语有：bytheendoflastyear/month/week,before,when,bythetime,already,yet,never,ever等。4.与一般过去时的区别：*一般过去时表示过去某个时间点发生的动作或存在的状态。*过去完成时表示在过去某个动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。*（对比：Isawhimyesterday.我昨天看见他了。（强调昨天这个时间点发生的动作）Ihadseenhimbeforeyesterday.我前天就见过他了。（“见过”发生在“昨天”之前。））四、相关习题专练I.短语填空(用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次)dropby,besupposedto,shakehands,makeaneffort,getusedto,gooutofone'sway1.You_____________greetyourteacherwhenyoumeethiminthehallway.2.MyAmericanfriendtoldmethatpeopleusually_____________whentheymeetinhiscountry.3.He_____________tohelpmewithmyEnglish,whichmademevery感动.4.Ittookmealongtimeto_____________thecoldweatherinthenorth.5.Weoften_____________ourgrandparents'homeonSundays.II.句型转换(按要求改写下列句子)1.YouaresupposedtobowinJapan.(改为否定句)You__________________________tobowinJapan.2.Theyshakehandswhentheymeetforthefirsttime.(用besupposedto改写)They____________________________________________________whentheymeetforthefirsttime.3.It'spolitetoknockbeforeenteringaroom.(对划线部分提问)____________________________________________________toknockbeforeenteringaroom?4.IfoundthatlearningEnglishwellisdifficult.(用it作形式宾语改写)Ifound_______________________________________learnEnglishwell.III.语法填空(用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空)1.BythetimeIwokeup,myfather_____________(already/leave)forwork.2.Shetoldmeshe_____________(see)themovietwicebefore.3.WhenIarrivedattheparty,mostoftheguests_____________(already/arrive).5.I_____________(never/meet)suchakindpersonbeforeIcamehere.IV.句子翻译(将下列句子翻译成英语)1.当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。2.我们应该努力学习，实现我们的梦想。3.他特地为我准备了一顿美味的晚餐。4.你习惯这里的天气了吗？---参考答案及解析：I.短语填空1.aresupposedto(你在走廊遇到老师时应该打招呼。)2.shakehands(我的美国朋友告诉我，在他的国家人们见面时通常握手。)3.wentoutofhisway(他特地帮助我学英语，这让我很感动。)4.getusedto(我花了很长时间才习惯北方的寒冷天气。)5.dropby(我们经常在周日顺便去爷爷奶奶家。)II.句型转换1.arenotsupposed(否定句在be动词后加not)2.aresupposedtoshakehands(besupposedtodosth.表示“应该做某事”)3.Whatisitpolite(对形容词polite提问用what...like?或How...?此处结合原句结构，用Whatisitpolite)*（更常见的表达是：Howisittoknock...?或Isitpoliteto...?但根据题目要求对划线部分"polite"提问，Whatisitliketo...?结构更贴合。此处参考答案为Whatisitpolite。）4.itdifficultto(findit+adj.+todosth.结构)III.语法填空1.hadalreadyleft(bythetime+一般过去时从句，主句用过去完成时)2.hadseen(宾语从句中，主句是过去时，从句动作发生在主句之前，用过去完成时)3.hadalreadyarrived(when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前，用过去完成时)4.hadn't