2026年上海市小学英语六年级上册第12单元语法填空专项题库

2026年上海市小学英语六年级上册第12单元语法填空专项题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2026ShanghaiprimaryschoolEnglishcurriculumforGrade6focusesonthegrammaticalstructureof______.Thisstructureisessentialforstudentstoexpresspasteventsandhypotheticalsituationsaccurately.A.simplepasttenseB.presentperfectcontinuoustenseC.futuresimpletenseD.pastperfecttense2.Inthegrammarexercisesforthe12thunit,studentsarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofverbslike"visit,""cook,"and"play."Theseverbsarecommonlyusedinsentencesdescribingactivitiesthattookplaceinthepast.Forexample,"They______(visit)themuseumlastSunday."Thecorrectformhereis"visited"becausethesentencedescribesacompletedactioninthepast.A.visitedB.visitC.visitingD.havevisited3.The12thunitemphasizestheuseofthepastcontinuoustensetodescribeongoingactionsinthepast.Forinstance,"WhileI______(cook)dinner,thephonerang."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"wascooking"becauseitindicatesanactioninprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.A.cookedB.cookC.amcookingD.wascooking4.Oneofthekeygrammarpointsinthe12thunitistheformationofthepastperfecttense,whichisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.Forexample,"Bythetimeshearrived,thetrain______(leave)."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"hadleft"becauseitshowstheactionofleavingoccurredbeforeshearrived.A.leaveB.leftC.hasleftD.hadleft5.The12thunitalsointroducestheuseofthesimplepasttensewithirregularverbs,suchas"go,""eat,"and"write."Forexample,"Yesterday,I______(go)tothelibrary."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"went"becauseitisthepasttenseof"go."A.goB.wentC.goneD.hasgone6.Inthegrammarexercises,studentsareoftenaskedtofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofmodalslike"could,""would,"and"should"toexpressability,possibility,orsuggestionsinthepast.Forexample,"He______(swim)acrosstheriverlastsummer,buthewastooafraid."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"could"becauseitindicateshisabilitytoswim.A.swimB.couldswimC.swamD.canswim7.The12thunitincludespracticeontheuseofthepastperfectcontinuoustensetodescribeactionsthatwereongoingforaperiodoftimebeforeanotherpastevent.Forexample,"She______(study)forthreehoursbeforetheexam."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"hadbeenstudying"becauseitshowstheactionofstudyingwasinprogressforadurationbeforetheexam.A.studyB.studiedC.hasbeenstudyingD.hadbeenstudying8.Oneoftheexercisesinthe12thunitasksstudentstofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofphrasalverbslike"giveup,""lookfor,"and"putoff."Forexample,"They______(giveup)thegamebecauseitwastoodifficult."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"gaveup"becauseitisthecorrectformofthephrasalverbinthesimplepasttense.A.giveupB.gaveupC.havegivenupD.hadgivenup9.The12thunitalsocoverstheuseofthesimplepasttensewithadverbsoftimelike"yesterday,""lastweek,"and"twodaysago."Forexample,"I______(see)myfriendattheparkyesterday."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"saw"becauseitisthepasttenseof"see."A.seeB.sawC.seenD.hasseen10.Inoneoftheexercises,studentsareaskedtofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthepastperfecttensetodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeaspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"By8PM,theguests______(arrive)."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"hadarrived"becauseitindicatestheguestsarrivedbefore8PM.A.arriveB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.hadarrived二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Lastnight,I______(watch)amoviewithmyfamily.Themoviewasveryinteresting,andwe______(laugh)alot.2.Whenshe______(get)homeyesterday,herbrother______(already/cook)dinner.3.They______(go)tothezoolastweekend,butthey______(see)manyanimalsbecauseitwasclosed.4.Whiletheteacher______(explain)thelesson,thestudents______(take)notes.5.Bythetimethepolice______(arrive),thethief______(already/run)away.6.He______(try)toopenthewindow,butit______(not/open).7.Mysister______(study)fortwohoursbeforeshe______(go)tobedlastnight.8.We______(have)apartylastSaturday,andeveryone______(have)agreattime.9.Thechildren______(play)inthegardenwhenit______(start)torain.10.She______(not/know)theanswer,soshe______(ask)herfriendforhelp.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandarecompleted.(True)2.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwereongoinginthepast.(True)3.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.(True)4.Thesimplepasttenseisalwaysformedbyadding"-ed"tothebaseverb.(False)5.Thepastcontinuoustenseisformedbyadding"was"or"were"tothebaseverb.(False)6.Thepastperfecttenseisformedbyadding"had"tothebaseverb.(False)7.Phrasalverbsareverbsthathaveadifferentmeaningwhencombinedwithprepositionsoradverbs.(True)8.Themodalverb"could"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepast.(True)9.Themodalverb"should"isusedtoexpresssuggestionsinthepast.(True)10.Theadverb"yesterday"isusedwiththesimplepasttensetoindicateaspecifictimeinthepast.(True)四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepastcontinuoustense.2.Describethestructureofthepastperfecttense.3.WhyisthepastcontinuoustenseimportantinEnglishgrammar?4.Howdoyouformthepasttenseofirregularverbs?5.Whatisthefunctionofthemodalverb"could"inthepast?6.Whyisthepastperfectcontinuoustenseusedinsomesentences?7.Howdoyouusephrasalverbsinthepasttense?8.Whataresomecommonadverbsoftimeusedwiththesimplepasttense?五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Lastsummer,I______(go)toBeijingwithmyfamily.We______(visit)theGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity.It______(be)averymemorabletrip."2.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"By10PM,she______(already/finish)herhomework.She______(study)forthreehoursbeforeshe______(start)watchingTV."3.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"WhileI______(cook)dinner,thephone______(ring).I______(not/answer)itbecauseI______(try)toconcentrate."4.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"They______(play)basketballlastweekend,butthey______(not/win)thegamebecausetheiropponent______(be)verystrong."5.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Bythetimetheteacher______(arrive),thestudents______(already/finish)thetest.They______(look)veryhappy."6.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"He______(try)toopenthewindow,butit______(not/open).He______(ask)forhelpfromhisfriend."7.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Lastnight,I______(watch)amoviewithmyfamily.Themovie______(be)veryinteresting,andwe______(laugh)alot."8.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Whenshe______(get)homeyesterday,herbrother______(already/cook)dinner.She______(feel)veryhungryand______(start)eatingimmediately."【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A解析：The12thunitofthe2026ShanghaiprimaryschoolEnglishcurriculumforGrade6focusesonthegrammaticalstructureofthesimplepasttense.Thisstructureisessentialforstudentstoexpresspasteventsandhypotheticalsituationsaccurately.Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandarecompleted.Forexample,"TheyvisitedthemuseumlastSunday."Theotheroptionsareincorrectbecausetheydescribedifferenttensesorarenotrelevanttothe12thunit.2.A解析：Inthegrammarexercisesforthe12thunit,studentsarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofverbslike"visit,""cook,"and"play."Theseverbsarecommonlyusedinsentencesdescribingactivitiesthattookplaceinthepast.Forexample,"TheyvisitedthemuseumlastSunday."Thecorrectformhereis"visited"becausethesentencedescribesacompletedactioninthepast.Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatarecompletedataspecifictimeinthepast.3.D解析：The12thunitemphasizestheuseofthepastcontinuoustensetodescribeongoingactionsinthepast.Forinstance,"WhileIwascookingdinner,thephonerang."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"wascooking"becauseitindicatesanactioninprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwereongoingataparticulartimeinthepast.4.D解析：Oneofthekeygrammarpointsinthe12thunitistheformationofthepastperfecttense,whichisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.Forexample,"Bythetimeshearrived,thetrainhadleft."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"hadleft"becauseitshowstheactionofleavingoccurredbeforeshearrived.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.5.B解析：The12thunitalsointroducestheuseofthesimplepasttensewithirregularverbs,suchas"go,""eat,"and"write."Forexample,"Yesterday,Iwenttothelibrary."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"went"becauseitisthepasttenseof"go."Irregularverbsdonotfollowthestandardruleforformingthepasttense,andtheirpastformsmustbememorized.6.B解析：Inthegrammarexercises,studentsareoftenaskedtofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofmodalslike"could,""would,"and"should"toexpressability,possibility,orsuggestionsinthepast.Forexample,"Hecouldswimacrosstheriverlastsummer,buthewastooafraid."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"could"becauseitindicateshisabilitytoswim.Modalsareusedtoexpressdifferentmeaningsinthepasttense.7.D解析：The12thunitincludespracticeontheuseofthepastperfectcontinuoustensetodescribeactionsthatwereongoingforaperiodoftimebeforeanotherpastevent.Forexample,"Shehadbeenstudyingforthreehoursbeforeshewenttobedlastnight."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"hadbeenstudying"becauseitshowstheactionofstudyingwasinprogressforadurationbeforetheexam.Thepastperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwereongoingforaperiodoftimebeforeanotheractioninthepast.8.B解析：Oneoftheexercisesinthe12thunitasksstudentstofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofphrasalverbslike"giveup,""lookfor,"and"putoff."Forexample,"Theygaveupthegamebecauseitwastoodifficult."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"gaveup"becauseitisthecorrectformofthephrasalverbinthesimplepasttense.Phrasalverbsareverbsthathaveadifferentmeaningwhencombinedwithprepositionsoradverbs.9.B解析：The12thunitalsocoverstheuseofthesimplepasttensewithadverbsoftimelike"yesterday,""lastweek,"and"twodaysago."Forexample,"Isawmyfriendattheparkyesterday."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"saw"becauseitisthepasttenseof"see."Adverbsoftimeareusedtoindicateaspecifictimeinthepast.10.D解析：Inoneoftheexercises,studentsareaskedtofillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthepastperfecttensetodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeaspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"By8PM,theguestshadarrived."Thecorrectformtofillintheblankis"hadarrived"becauseitindicatestheguestsarrivedbefore8PM.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeaspecifictimeinthepast.二、填空题1.watched;laughed解析：Lastnight,Iwatchedamoviewithmyfamily.Themoviewasveryinteresting,andwelaughedalot.Thesimplepasttense"watched"isusedtodescribetheactionofwatchingthemovie,and"laughed"isusedtodescribetheactionoflaughing.2.got;hadalreadycooked解析：Whenshegothomeyesterday,herbrotherhadalreadycookeddinner.Thesimplepasttense"got"isusedtodescribetheactionofarrivinghome,and"hadalreadycooked"isusedtodescribetheactionofcookingdinnerbeforeshearrived.3.went;didn’tsee解析：Theywenttothezoolastweekend,buttheydidn’tseemanyanimalsbecauseitwasclosed.Thesimplepasttense"went"isusedtodescribetheactionofgoingtothezoo,and"didn’tsee"isusedtodescribetheactionofnotseeingmanyanimals.4.wasexplaining;weretaking解析：Whiletheteacherwasexplainingthelesson,thestudentsweretakingnotes.Thepastcontinuoustense"wasexplaining"isusedtodescribetheongoingactionofexplaining,and"weretaking"isusedtodescribetheongoingactionoftakingnotes.5.arrived;hadalreadyrun解析：Bythetimethepolicearrived,thethiefhadalreadyrunaway.Thesimplepasttense"arrived"isusedtodescribetheactionofarriving,and"hadalreadyrun"isusedtodescribetheactionofrunningawaybeforethepolicearrived.6.tried;didn’topen;asked解析：Hetriedtoopenthewindow,butitdidn’topen.Heaskedhisfriendforhelp.Thesimplepasttense"tried"isusedtodescribetheactionoftryingtoopenthewindow,"didn’topen"isusedtodescribetheactionofthewindownotopening,and"asked"isusedtodescribetheactionofaskingforhelp.7.studied;went解析：Mysisterstudiedfortwohoursbeforeshewenttobedlastnight.Thesimplepasttense"studied"isusedtodescribetheactionofstudying,and"went"isusedtodescribetheactionofgoingtobed.8.had;had解析：WehadapartylastSaturday,andeveryonehadagreattime.Thesimplepasttense"had"isusedtodescribetheactionofhavingaparty,and"had"isusedtodescribetheactionofhavingagreattime.9.wereplaying;started解析：Thechildrenwereplayinginthegardenwhenitstartedtorain.Thepastcontinuoustense"wereplaying"isusedtodescribetheongoingactionofplaying,and"started"isusedtodescribetheactionoftherainstarting.10.didn’tknow;asked解析：Shedidn’tknowtheanswer,sosheaskedherfriendforhelp.Thesimplepasttense"didn’tknow"isusedtodescribetheactionofnotknowingtheanswer,and"asked"isusedtodescribetheactionofaskingforhelp.三、判断题1.True解析：Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandarecompleted.Forexample,"Ivisitedthemuseumyesterday."Thesimplepasttenseisformedbyadding"-ed"toregularverbsorusingtheirregularformofirregularverbs.2.True解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwereongoinginthepast.Forexample,"WhileIwascooking,thephonerang."Thepastcontinuoustenseisformedbyadding"was"or"were"tothebaseverb.3.True解析：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.Forexample,"Bythetimeshearrived,thetrainhadleft."Thepastperfecttenseisformedbyadding"had"tothebaseverb.4.False解析：Thesimplepasttenseisnotalwaysformedbyadding"-ed"tothebaseverb.Someverbsareirregularanddonotfollowthestandardruleforformingthepasttense.Forexample,"go"becomes"went"inthepasttense.5.False解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisformedbyadding"was"or"were"tothebaseverb,notjust"was"or"were."Forexample,"Iwascooking"and"Theywereplaying."6.False解析：Thepastperfecttenseisformedbyadding"had"tothepastparticipleoftheverb,notjust"had."Forexample,"Shehadvisited"and"Hehadcooked."7.True解析：Phrasalverbsareverbsthathaveadifferentmeaningwhencombinedwithprepositionsoradverbs.Forexample,"giveup"meanstostopdoingsomething,and"lookfor"meanstosearchforsomething.8.True解析：Themodalverb"could"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepast.Forexample,"Hecouldswimwhenhewasachild."9.True解析：Themodalverb"should"isusedtoexpresssuggestionsinthepast.Forexample,"Sheshouldstudyharderlastnight."10.True解析：Theadverb"yesterday"isusedwiththesimplepasttensetoindicateaspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"Isawmyfriendyesterday."四、简答题1.Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandarecompleted.Forexample,"Ivisitedthemuseumyesterday."Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwereongoinginthepast.Forexample,"WhileIwascooking,thephonerang."Thesimplepasttensefocusesonthecompletionofanaction,whilethepastcontinuoustensefocusesontheongoingnatureofanaction.2.Thepastperfecttenseisformedbyadding"had"tothepastparticipleoftheverb.Forexample,"Shehadvisitedthemuseumbeforeshewenthome."Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.3.ThepastcontinuoustenseisimportantinEnglishgrammarbecauseithelpstodescribeactionsthatwereongoinginthepast,whichaddsdetailandclaritytothenarrative.Forexample,"WhileIwascooking,thephonerang."Thissentencehelpstocreateamorevividpictureofwhatwashappening.4.Thepasttenseofirregularverbsisformedbymemorizingtheirirregularforms.Forexample,"go"becomes"went,""eat"becomes"ate,"and"write"becomes"wrote."Thereisnostandardruleforformingthepasttenseofirregularverbs.5.Themodalverb"could"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepast.Forexample,"Hecouldswimwhenhewasachild."Itisalsousedtoexpresspossibilityorabilityinthepast.6.Thepastperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwereongoingforaperiodoftimebeforeanotherpastevent.Forexample,"Shehadbeenstudyingforthreehoursbeforeshewenttobed."Thistenseaddsdetailaboutthedurationoftheactionbeforeanothereventoccurred.7.Phrasalverbsinthepasttenseareformedbyusingthepasttenseofthemainverbandtheprepositionoradverb.Forexample,"Hegaveupthegamebecauseitwastoodifficult."Thephrasalverb"giveup"isusedinthepasttenseas"gaveup."8.Commonadverbsoftimeusedwiththesimplepasttenseinclude"yesterday,""lastweek,""twodaysago,""lastnight,"and"lastmonth."Theseadverbsindicateaspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"Isawmyfriendyesterday."五、应用题1.went;visited;was解析：Lastsummer,IwenttoBeijingwithmyfamily.WevisitedtheGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity.Itwasaverymemorabletrip.Thesimplepasttense"went"isusedtodescribetheactionofgoingtoBeijing,"visited"isusedtodescribetheactionofvisitingtheGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity,and"was"isusedtodescribethestateofthetripbeingmemorable.2.hadfinished;hadbeenstudying;started解析：By10PM,shehadfinishedherhomework.ShehadbeenstudyingforthreehoursbeforeshestartedwatchingTV.Thepastperfecttense"hadfinished"isusedtodescribetheactionoffinishingherhomeworkbefore10PM,"hadbeenstudying"isusedtodescribetheongoingactionofstudyingforthreehoursbeforestartingtowatchTV,and"started"isusedtodescribetheactionofstartingtowatchTV.3.wascooking;rang;didn’tanswer;wastrying解析：WhileIwascookingdinner,thephonerang.Ididn’tansweritbecaus